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■ 요나 2장
1. 요나가 물고기 뱃속에서 그 하나님 여호와께 기도하여
Then Jonah prayed unto the Lord his God out of the fish’s belly ,
2. 가로되 내가 받는 고난을 인하여 여호와께 불러 이뢰었삽더니 주께서 내게 대답하셨고 내가 스올의 뱃속에서 부르짖었삽더니 주께서 나의 음성을 들으셨나이다
And said , I cried by reason of mine affliction unto the Lord , and he heard me; out of the belly of hell cried I, and thou heardest my voice .
3. 주께서 나를 깊음 속 바다 가운데 던지셨으므로 큰 물이 나를 둘렀고 주의 파도와 큰 물결이 다 내 위에 넘쳤나이다
For thou hadst cast me into the deep , in the midst of the seas ; and the floods compassed me about: all thy billows and thy waves passed over me.
4. 내가 말하기를 내가 주의 목전에서 쫓겨났을지라도 다시 주의 성전을 바라보겠다 하였나이다
Then I said , I am cast out of thy sight ; yet I will look again toward thy holy temple .
5. 물이 나를 둘렀으되 영혼까지 하였사오며 깊음이 나를 에웠고 바다 풀이 내 머리를 쌌나이다
The waters compassed me about , even to the soul : the depth closed me round about , the weeds were wrapped about my head .
6. 내가 산의 뿌리까지 내려갔사오며 땅이 그 빗장으로 나를 오래도록 막았사오나 나의 하나님 여호와여 주께서 내 생명을 구덩이에서 건지셨나이다
I went down to the bottoms of the mountains ; the earth with her bars was about me for ever : yet hast thou brought up my life from corruption , O Lord my God .
7. 내 영혼이 내 속에서 피곤할 때에 내가 여호와를 생각하였삽더니 내 기도가 주께 이르렀사오며 주의 성전에 미쳤나이다
When my soul fainted within me I remembered the Lord : and my prayer came in unto thee, into thine holy temple .
8. 무릇 거짓되고 헛된 것을 숭상하는 자는 자기에게 베푸신 은혜를 버렸사오나
They that observe lying vanities forsake their own mercy .
9. 나는 감사하는 목소리로 주께 제사를 드리며 나의 서원을 주께 갚겠나이다 구원은 여호와께로서 말미암나이다 하니라
But I will sacrifice unto thee with the voice of thanksgiving ; I will pay that that I have vowed . Salvation is of the Lord .
10. 여호와께서 물고기에게 명하시매 요나를 육지에 토하니라
And the Lord spake unto the fish , and it vomited out Jonah upon the dry land.
■ 주석 보기
【욘2:1 JFB】욘2:1-10. Jonah's Prayer of Faith and Deliverance.
1. his God—"his" still, though Jonah had fled from Him. Faith enables Jonah now to feel this; just as the returning prodigal says of the Father, from whom he had wandered, "I will arise and go to my Father" (Lu 15:18).
out of the fish's belly—Every place may serve as an oratory. No place is amiss for prayer. Others translate, "when (delivered) out of the fish's belly." English Version is better.
【욘2:1 CWC】There is only one instance of Jonah's prophesying to his own people of Israel, 왕하14:25. There he made a prediction concerning the restoration of the coasts of Israel, which was fulfilled in the reign of Jeroboam II about 800 B. C, showing that he lived earlier than that date. Of his personal history nothing further is known than what is found in this book.
Chapter 1.
Nineveh (2) was the capital of Assyria, and the reason Jonah sought to avoid the divine command against it (3) arose from his patriotism. As a student of the earlier prophets he knew what was to befall his nation at the hands of Assyria, and he shrank from an errand which might result favorably to that people, and spare them to become the scourge of Israel. The contents of the rest of this chapter require no comment till the last verse, where it is interesting to note that it is not said that a whale swallowed Jonah, but "a great fish" which "the Lord had prepared."
Chapter 2.
Is self-explanatory, but it is interesting to observe Jonah's penitence under chastisement (2), the lively experiences he underwent (3-6), his hope and expectation even in the midst of them (4), his unshaken faith (5), the lessons he learned (8), and the effect of it all on his spiritual life (9). God could now afford to set him at liberty (10).
Is This Historic?
The question will not down, "Is this chapter historic?" The evidence for it is found: (1) In the way it is recorded, there being not the slightest intimation in the book itself, or anywhere in the Bible, that it is a parable. (2) In the evidence of tradition, the whole of the Jewish nation, practically, accepting it as historic. (3) The reasonableness of it (see the remarks under chapter 3. (4) The testimony of Christ in 마12:38, and parallel places. There are those who read these words of the Saviour in the light of the argument of which they form a part, and say that they allude only to what He knew to be a parable, or an allegory, but I am not of their number. Jesus would not have used such an illustration in such a connection, in my judgment, if it were not a historic fact. (5) The symbolic or prophetic character of the transaction (see the remarks under chapter 4.
Worshiping the Fish God.
Chapter 3.
To grasp the significance of the events in this chapter it is necessary to know that the Ninevites worshiped the fish God, Dagon, part human and part fish. They believed he came up out of the sea and founded their nation, and also that messengers came to them from the sea from time to time. If, therefore, God should send a preacher to them, what more likely than that He should bring His plan down to their level and send a real messenger from the sea? Doubtless great numbers saw Jonah cast up by the fish, and accompanied him to Nineveh as his witnesses and credentials.
There are two side arguments that corroborate the historicity of this event. In the first place, "Oannes" is the name of one of the latest incarnations of Dagon, but this name with "J" before it is the spelling for Jonah in the New Testament. In the second place, there was for centuries an Assyrian mound named "Yunas," a corrupted Assyrian form for Jonas, and it was this mound's name that first gave the suggestion to archaeologists tha tthe ancient city of Nineveh might be buried beneath it. Botta associated "Yunas" with Jonah, and the latter with Nineveh, and so pushed in his spade, and struck the walls of the city -- E. B. Helme, D.D.
The Moral Miracle.
But before leaving this chapter observe that the moral miracle was greater than the physical. The sparing of a nation of confessed sinners, simply on their repentance and their giving heed to the message of the prophet, was mote astounding than the prophet's preservation in the fish's belly (5-10)!
Chapter 4.
Especially the opening verse (1-3), corroborates the view that patriotism led Jonah to flee from his divinely-imposed duty. He could not bear to see his enemy spared.
From verse 5 we gather that he waited in the hope of seeing the destruction of the city; and yet how gracious God was to his narrow-minded and revengeful servant (6)!
Jonah a Type of Israel.
But we should not conclude this lesson without speaking of the dispensational significance of Jonah and his mission, which is a contribution to its historicity. To illustrate: (1) Jonah was called to a world mission, and so was Israel.
(2) Jonah at first refused compliance with the divine purpose and plan, and so did Israel.
(3) Jonah was punished by being cast into the sea, and so was Israel by being dispersed among the nations.
(4) Jonah was not lost, but rather especially preserved during this part of his experience, and Israel is not being assimilated by the nations, but being kept for God.
(5) Jonah repentant and cast out by the fish, is restored to life and action again, and Israel repentant and cast out by the nations shall be restored to her former national position.
(6) Jonah, obedient, goes upon his mission to Nineveh, and Israel, obedient, shall ultimately engage in her original mission to the world.
(7) Jonah is successful in that his message is acted upon to the salvation of Nineveh, so Israel shall be blessed in that she shall be used to the conversion of the whole world.
【욘2:1 MHCC】Observe when Jonah prayed. When he was in trouble, under the tokens of God's displeasure against him for sin: when we are in affliction we must pray. Being kept alive by miracle, he prayed. A sense of God's good-will to us, notwithstanding our offences, opens the lips in prayer, which were closed with the dread of wrath. Also, where he prayed; in the belly of the fish. No place is amiss for prayer. Men may shut us from communion with one another, but not from communion with God. To whom he prayed; to the Lord his God. This encourages even backsliders to return. What his prayer was. This seems to relate his experience and reflections, then and afterwards, rather than to be the form or substance of his prayer. Jonah reflects on the earnestness of his prayer, and God's readiness to hear and answer. If we would get good by our troubles, we must notice the hand of God in them. He had wickedly fled from the presence of the Lord, who might justly take his Holy Spirit from him, never to visit him more. Those only are miserable, whom God will no longer own and favour. But though he was perplexed, yet not in despair. Jonah reflects on the favour of God to him, when he sought to God, and trusted in him in his distress. He warns others, and tells them to keep close to God. Those who forsake their own duty, forsake their own mercy; those who run away from the work of their place and day, run away from the comfort of it. As far as a believer copies those who observe lying vanities, he forsakes his own mercy, and lives below his privileges. But Jonah's experience encourages others, in all ages, to trust in God, as the God of salvation.
【욘2:2 JFB】2. His prayer is partly descriptive and precatory, partly eucharistical. Jonah incorporates with his own language inspired utterances familiar to the Church long before in 욘2:2, 시120:1; in 욘2:3, 시42:7; in 욘2:4, 시31:22; in 욘2:5, 시69:1; in 욘2:7, 시142:3; 18:6; in 욘2:8, 시31:6; in 욘2:9, 시116:17, 18, and 3:8. Jonah, an inspired man, thus attests both the antiquity and inspiration of the Psalms. It marks the spirit of faith, that Jonah identifies himself with the saints of old, appropriating their experiences as recorded in the Word of God (시119:50). Affliction opens up the mine of Scripture, before seen only on the surface.
out of the belly of hell—Sheol, the unseen world, which the belly of the fish resembled.
【욘2:3 JFB】3. thou hadst cast … thy billows … thy waves—Jonah recognizes the source whence his sufferings came. It was no mere chance, but the hand of God which sent them. Compare Job's similar recognition of God's hand in calamities, 욥1:21; 2:10; and David's, 삼하16:5-11.
【욘2:4 JFB】4. cast out from thy sight—that is, from Thy favorable regard. A just retribution on one who had fled "from the presence of the Lord" (욘1:3). Now that he has got his desire, he feels it to be his bitterest sorrow to be deprived of God's presence, which once he regarded as a burden, and from which he desired to escape. He had turned his back on God; so God turned His back on him, making his sin his punishment.
toward thy holy temple—In the confidence of faith he anticipates yet to see the temple at Jerusalem, the appointed place of worship (왕상8:38), and there to render thanksgiving [Henderson]. Rather, I think, "Though cast out of Thy sight, I will still with the eye of faith once more look in prayer towards Thy temple at Jerusalem, whither, as Thy earthly throne, Thou hast desired Thy worshippers to direct their prayers."
【욘2:5 JFB】5. even to the soul—that is, threatening to extinguish the animal life.
weeds—He felt as if the seaweeds through which he was dragged were wrapped about his head.
【욘2:6 JFB】6. bottoms of … mountains—their extremities where they terminate in the hidden depths of the sea. Compare 시18:7, "the foundations of the hills" (시18:15).
earth with her bars was about me—Earth, the land of the living, is (not "was") shut against me.
for ever—so far as any effort of mine can deliver me.
yet hast thou brought up my life from corruption—rather, "Thou bringest … from the pit" [Maurer]. As in the previous clauses he expresses the hopelessness of his state, so in this, his sure hope of deliverance through Jehovah's infinite resources. "Against hope he believes in hope," and speaks as if the deliverance were actually being accomplished. Hezekiah seems to have incorporated Jonah's very words in his prayer (사38:17), just as Jonah appropriated the language of the Psalms.
【욘2:7 JFB】7. soul fainted … I remembered the Lord—beautifully exemplifying the triumph of spirit over flesh, of faith over sense (시73:26; 42:6). For a time troubles shut out hope; but faith revived when Jonah "remembered the Lord," what a gracious God He is, and how now He still preserves his life and consciousness in his dark prison-house.
into thine holy temple—the temple at Jerusalem (욘2:4). As there he looks in believing prayer towards it, so here he regards his prayer as already heard.
【욘2:8 JFB】8. observe lying vanities—regard or reverence idols, powerless to save (시31:6).
mercy—Jehovah, the very idea of whom is identified now in Jonah's mind with mercy and loving-kindness. As the Psalmist (시144:2) styles Him, "my goodness"; God who is to me all beneficence. Compare 시59:17, "the God of my mercy," literally, "my kindness-God." Jonah had "forsaken His own mercy," God, to flee to heathen lands where "lying vanities" (idols) were worshipped. But now, taught by his own preservation in conscious life in the fish's belly, and by the inability of the mariners' idols to lull the storm (욘1:5), estrangement from God seems estrangement from his own happiness (렘2:13; 17:13). Prayer has been restrained in Jonah's case, so that he was "fast asleep" in the midst of danger, heretofore; but now prayer is the sure sign of his return to God.
【욘2:9 JFB】9. I will sacrifice … thanksgiving—In the believing anticipation of sure deliverance, he offers thanksgivings already. So Jehoshaphat (대하20:21) appointed singers to praise the Lord in front of the army before the battle with Moab and Ammon, as if the victory was already gained. God honors such confidence in Him. There is also herein a mark of sanctified affliction, that he vows amendment and thankful obedience (시119:67).
【욘2:10 MHCC】Jonah's deliverance may be considered as an instance of God's power over all the creatures. As an instance of God's mercy to a poor penitent, who in distress prays to him: and as a type and figure of Christ's resurrection. Amidst all our varying experiences, and the changing scenes of life; we should look by faith, fixedly, upon our once suffering and dying, but now risen and ascended Redeemer. Let us confess our sins, consider Christ's resurrection as an earnest of our own, and thankfully receive every temporal and spiritual deliverance, as the pledge of our eternal redemption.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.