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■ 사사기 17장
1. 에브라임 산지에 미가라 이름하는 사람이 있더니
And there was a man of mount Ephraim , whose name was Micah .
2. 그 어미에게 이르되 어머니께서 은 일천일백을 잃어버리셨으므로 저주하시고 내 귀에도 말씀하셨더니 보소서 그 은이 내게 있나이다 내가 그것을 취하였나이다 어미가 가로되 내 아들이 여호와께 복 받기를 원하노라 하니라
And he said unto his mother , The eleven hundred shekels of silver that were taken from thee, about which thou cursedst , and spakest of also in mine ears , behold, the silver is with me; I took it. And his mother said , Blessed be thou of the Lord , my son .
3. 미가가 은 일천일백을 그 어미에게 도로 주매 어미가 가로되 내가 내 아들을 위하여 한 신상을 새기며 한 신상을 부어만들 차로 내 손에서 이 은을 여호와께 거룩히 드리노라 그러므로 내가 이제 이 은을 네게 도로 돌리리라
And when he had restored the eleven hundred shekels of silver to his mother , his mother said , I had wholly dedicated the silver unto the Lord from my hand for my son , to make a graven image and a molten image : now therefore I will restore it unto thee.
4. 미가가 그 은을 어미에게 도로 주었으므로 어미가 그 은 이백을 취하여 은장색에게 주어 한 신상을 새기며 한 신상을 부어 만들었더니 그 신상이 미가의 집에 있더라
Yet he restored the money unto his mother ; and his mother took two hundred shekels of silver , and gave them to the founder , who made thereof a graven image and a molten image : and they were in the house of Micah .
5. 이 사람 미가에게 신당이 있으므로 또 에봇과 드라빔을 만들고 한 아들을 세워 제사장을 삼았더라
And the man Micah had an house of gods , and made an ephod , and teraphim , and consecrated one of his sons , who became his priest .
6. 그 때에는 이스라엘에 왕이 없으므로 사람마다 자기 소견에 옳은 대로 행하였더라
In those days there was no king in Israel , but every man did that which was right in his own eyes .
7. 유다 가족에 속한 유다 베들레헴에 한 소년이 있으니 그는 레위인으로서 거기 우거하였더라
And there was a young man out of Beth–lehem–judah of the family of Judah , who was a Levite , and he sojourned there.
8. 이 사람이 거할 곳을 찾고자 하여 그 성읍 유다 베들레헴을 떠나서 행하다가 에브라임 산지로 가서 미가의 집에 이르매
And the man departed out of the city from Beth–lehem–judah to sojourn where he could find a place: and he came to mount Ephraim to the house of Micah , as he journeyed .
9. 미가가 그에게 묻되 너는 어디서부터 오느뇨 그가 이르되 나는 유다 베들레헴의 레위인으로서 거할 곳을 찾으러 가노라
And Micah said unto him, Whence comest thou? And he said unto him, I am a Levite of Beth–lehem–judah , and I go to sojourn where I may find a place.
10. 미가가 그에게 이르되 네가 나와 함께 거하여 나를 위하여 아비와 제사장이 되라 내가 해마다 은 열과 의복 한 벌과 식물을 주리라 하므로 레위인이 들어갔더니
And Micah said unto him, Dwell with me, and be unto me a father and a priest , and I will give thee ten shekels of silver by the year , and a suit of apparel , and thy victuals . So the Levite went in .
11. 레위인이 그 사람과 함께 거하기를 만족히 여겼으니 이는 그 소년이 미가의 아들 중 하나 같이 됨이라
And the Levite was content to dwell with the man ; and the young man was unto him as one of his sons .
12. 미가가 레위인을 거룩히 구별하매 소년이 미가의 제사장이 되어 그 집에 거한지라
And Micah consecrated the Levite ; and the young man became his priest , and was in the house of Micah .
13. 이에 미가가 가로되 레위인이 내 제사장이 되었으니 이제 여호와께서 내게 복 주실 줄을 아노라 하니라
Then said Micah , Now know I that the Lord will do me good , seeing I have a Levite to my priest .
■ 주석 보기
【삿17:1 JFB】유17:1-4. Micah Restoring the Stolen Money to His Mother, She Makes Images.
1. a man of mount Ephraim—that is, the mountainous parts of Ephraim. This and the other narratives that follow form a miscellaneous collection, or appendix to the Book of Judges. It belongs to a period when the Hebrew nation was in a greatly disordered and corrupt state. This episode of Micah is connected with 유1:34. It relates to his foundation of a small sanctuary of his own—a miniature representation of the Shiloh tabernacle—which he stocked with images modelled probably in imitation of the ark and cherubim. Micah and his mother were sincere in their intention to honor God. But their faith was blended with a sad amount of ignorance and delusion. The divisive course they pursued, as well as the will-worship they practised, subjected the perpetrators to the penalty of death.
【삿17:1 CWC】[APPENDIX TO THE BOOK]
The chapters concluding the book, give in detail certain incidents at various periods during the preceding history, when the whole nation was disordered and corrupt, and "every man did that which was right in his own eyes."
1. A Man-made Priest, c. 17.
Chapter 17 tells of Micah who established a sanctuary of his own in imitation of the tabernacle. Of course it was contrary to the law and evinced ignorance and superstition, although the motive may not have been bad.
2. Origin of the City of Dan, c. 16.
Chapter 18 carries the story further and shows how Micah lost his tabernacle, and his priest obtained a broader field. The Danites wanted more territory and dispatched five men to search out a good place (vv. 1, 2). By accident they discovered Micah's self-made "priest" and sought counsel of him, which was as ambiguous as the heathen oracles (vv. 3-6). Nevertheless they come to a town called Laish, which seems a desirable and easy prey, and which they persuade the men of war of their tribe to advance upon (vv. 7-12). Passing through Micah's town on their errand, they impress his priest into their service (13-21), and, although Micah and his fellow townsmen pursue them, it is without avail (vv. 22-26). They overcome Laish at the end, build their city there and call it Dan. They also continue their idolatrous worship introduced by Micah's priest, down to the captivity (vv. 27-31).
3. An Awful Deed and an Awful Retribution, cc. 19-21.
Chapters 19 to 21 tell an awful story of lust, civil war and pillage fearfully illustrative of a world without God.
A Levite, after the manner of those days, married a secondary wife who proved unfaithful. Returning to her father's house at Bethlehem, he followed her to persuade her to come back (19:1-4). After a few days they start on their journey accompanied by a servant, lodging the first night at Gibeah (19:5-21). Here wicked men abuse the concubine until she dies; her husband, his servant and his host acting so discreditably as to be almost unbelievable, were it not for the sacred record of the fact (19:22-28).
Subsequently her husband took a remarkable way of obtaining redress, explicable only on the absence of regular government among the tribes. He divided the corpse into 12 pieces and distributed them with the story of the wrong among all the tribes, so that the latter came together saying: "There was no such deed done nor seen from the day that the children of Israel came up out of the land of Egypt unto this day; consider of it, take advice, and speak your minds" (19:29, 30).
The result was a conference of the tribes at Mizpeh (20:1). The phrase "unto the Lord" is possibly explained by the circumstance that Mizpeh was near Shiloh, the place of the tabernacle, and that the leaders went there to consult Jehovah, if haply He would reveal His mind at this crisis, through the high priest.
The Levite is now given an opportunity to state his case formally, in which he inferentially lodges a complaint against the whole tribe of Benjamin, as Gibeah was in its territory (20:4-7).
The decision is to punish that city (20:8-11), but first to demand that the perpetrators of the crime be surrendered for execution, which Benjamin, through pride or some other reason, refuses to do (20:12-13). Internecine war follows, in which the Benjamites are at first successful, but in the end succumb to the greater numbers and the strategy of the united tribes (20:14-48).
Humbling Experiences and Their Cause.
But why, if the united tribes asked counsel of the Lord, and acted on it were they so unsuccessful at first, and why did they suffer so heavily? Perhaps they did not seek it early enough. Their own plans seem to have been formed first, and all they sought of the Lord was to name their leader (20:18). It was their disasters that seemed to bring them to their senses and to the Lord, in real earnestness, and then the tables were turned (20:26-28).
It is notable that Phineas, the grandson of Aaron, was their high priest, indicating the time to be not long after Joshua's death.
Folly upon Folly.
All that was left of Benjamin was 600 men (20:47), for it appears that all the women and children were slain. Mow, the other tribes had sworn that they would not give their daughters to the Benjamites for wives, and the result was that the whole of that tribe was likely to become extinct -- another illustration of a rash vow.
Ashamed of their folly, they repented of it, but not to the extent of taking back their vows (21:1-8). Instead of this, having discovered that none of the men of Jabesh-gilead had gathered to the battle, they determined to destroy its inhabitants, with the exception of the unmarried women, and give the latter to the Benjamites (21:8-15).
But there were not enough of these to suffice. Therefore, they decided upon the expedient of permitting 200 more to be stolen by the Benjamites from the other tribes under the circumstances narrated in chapter 21:16-23. No wonder the book closes with the refrain heard several times before, "In those days there was no King in Israel; every man did that which was right in his own eyes."
【삿17:1 MHCC】What is related in this, and the rest of the chapters to the end of this book, was done soon after the death of Joshua: see chap. 유20:28. That it might appear how happy the nation was under the Judges, here is showed how unhappy they were when there was no Judge. The love of money made Micah so undutiful to his mother as to rob her, and made her so unkind to her son, as to curse him. Outward losses drive good people to their prayers, but bad people to their curses. This woman's silver was her god, before it was made into a graven or a molten image. Micah and his mother agreed to turn their money into a god, and set up idol worship in their family. See the cause of this corruption. Every man did that which was right in his own eyes, and then they soon did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord.
【삿17:3 JFB】3. a graven image and a molten image—The one carved from a block of wood or stone, to be plated over with silver; the other, a figure formed of the solid metal cast into a mould. It is observable, however, that only two hundred shekels were given to the founder. Probably the expense of making two such figures of silver, with their appurtenances (pedestals, bases, &c.), might easily cost, in those days, two hundred shekels, which (at 2 shillings, 4 pence each, is about 23 pounds) would be a sum not adequate to the formation of large statues [Taylor, Fragments].
【삿17:5 JFB】5. the man Micah had an house of gods—Hebrew, "a house of God"—a domestic chapel, a private religious establishment of his own.
an ephod—(see on 출28:6).
teraphim—tutelary gods of the household (see 창31:19 and see on 창31:26).
consecrated one of his sons who became his priest—The assumption of the priestly office by any one out of the family of Aaron was a direct violation of the divine law (민3:10; 16:17; 신21:5; 히5:4).
【삿17:6 JFB】6. every man did that which was right in his own eyes—From want of a settled government, there was no one to call him to account. No punishment followed any crime.
【삿17:7 JFB】7. Beth-lehem-judah—so called in contradistinction to a town of the same name in Zebulun (수19:15).
of the family—that is, tribe.
of Judah—Men of the tribe of Levi might connect themselves, as Aaron did (출6:23), by marriage with another tribe; and this young Levite belonged to the tribe of Judah, by his mother's side, which accounts for his being in Beth-lehem, not one of the Levitical cities.
【삿17:7 MHCC】Micah thought it was a sign of God's favour to him and his images, that a Levite should come to his door. Thus those who please themselves with their own delusions, if Providence unexpectedly bring any thing to their hands that further them in their evil way, are apt from thence to think that God is pleased with them.
【삿17:8 JFB】8. the man departed … to sojourn where he could find a place—A competent provision being secured for every member of the Levitical order, his wandering about showed him to have been a person of a roving disposition or unsettled habits. In the course of his journeying he came to the house of Micah, who, on learning what he was, engaged his permanent services.
【삿17:10 JFB】10. Micah said unto him, Dwell with me, and be unto me a father—a spiritual father, to conduct the religious services of my establishment. He was to receive, in addition to his board, a salary of ten shekels of silver, equal to 25 shillings a year.
a suit of apparel—not only dress for ordinary use, but vestments suitable for the discharge of his priestly functions.
【삿17:12 JFB】12. Micah consecrated the Levite—Hebrew, "filled his hand." This act of consecration was not less unlawful for Micah to perform than for this Levite to receive (see on 유18:30).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.