티스토리 뷰
■ 목차
├ 본문 보기
├ 주석 보기
└ 일러두기
| 한글듣기☞ | 영어듣기☞ |
■ 사무엘상 28장
1. 그 때에 블레셋 사람이 이스라엘을 쳐서 싸우려고 군대를 모집한지라 아기스가 다윗에게 이르되 너는 밝히 알라 너와 네 사람들이 나와 한가지로 나가서 군대에 참가할 것이니라
And it came to pass in those days , that the Philistines gathered their armies together for warfare , to fight with Israel . And Achish said unto David , Know thou assuredly , that thou shalt go out with me to battle , thou and thy men .
2. 다윗이 아기스에게 이르되 그러면 당신이 종의 행할 바를 아시리이다 아기스가 다윗에게 이르되 그러면 내가 너로 영영히 내 머리 지키는 자를 삼으리라 하니라
And David said to Achish , Surely thou shalt know what thy servant can do . And Achish said to David , Therefore will I make thee keeper of mine head for ever .
3. 사무엘이 죽었으므로 온 이스라엘이 그를 애곡하며 그의 본성 라마에 장사하였고 사울은 신접한 자와 박수를 그 땅에서 쫓아 내었었더라
Now Samuel was dead , and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah , even in his own city . And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits , and the wizards , out of the land .
4. 블레셋 사람이 모여 수넴에 이르러 진 치매 사울이 온 이스라엘을 모아 길보아에 진 쳤더니
And the Philistines gathered themselves together , and came and pitched in Shunem : and Saul gathered all Israel together , and they pitched in Gilboa .
5. 사울이 블레셋 사람의 군대를 보고 두려워서 그 마음이 크게 떨린지라
And when Saul saw the host of the Philistines , he was afraid , and his heart greatly trembled .
6. 사울이 여호와께 묻자오되 여호와께서 꿈으로도, 우림으로도, 선지자로도 그에게 대답지 아니하시므로
And when Saul enquired of the Lord , the Lord answered him not, neither by dreams , nor by Urim , nor by prophets .
7. 사울이 그 신하들에게 이르되 나를 위하여 신접한 여인을 찾으라 내가 그리로 가서 그에게 물으리라 그 신하들이 그에게 이르되 보소서 엔돌에 신접한 여인이 있나이다
Then said Saul unto his servants , Seek me a woman that hath a familiar spirit , that I may go to her, and enquire of her. And his servants said to him, Behold, there is a woman that hath a familiar spirit at Endor .
8. 사울이 다른 옷을 입어 변장하고 두 사람과 함께 갈새 그들이 밤에 그 여인에게 이르러는 사울이 가로되 청하노니 나를 위하여 신접한 술법으로 내가 네게 말하는 사람을 불러올리라
And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment , and he went , and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night : and he said , I pray thee, divine unto me by the familiar spirit , and bring me him up , whom I shall name unto thee.
9. 여인이 그에게 이르되 네가 사울의 행한 일 곧 그가 신접한 자와 박수를 이 땅에서 멸절시켰음을 아나니 네가 어찌하여 내 생명에 올무를 놓아 나를 죽게 하려느냐
And the woman said unto him, Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done , how he hath cut off those that have familiar spirits , and the wizards , out of the land : wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life , to cause me to die ?
10. 사울이 여호와로 그에게 맹세하여 가로되 여호와께서 사시거니와 네가 이 일로는 벌을 당치 아니하리라
And Saul sware to her by the Lord , saying , As the Lord liveth , there shall no punishment happen to thee for this thing .
11. 여인이 가로되 내가 누구를 네게로 불러 올리랴 사울이 가로되 사무엘을 불러 올리라
Then said the woman , Whom shall I bring up unto thee? And he said , Bring me up Samuel .
12. 여인이 사무엘을 보고 큰 소리로 외치며 사울에게 말하여 가로되 당신이 어찌하여 나를 속이셨나이까 당신이 사울이시니이다
And when the woman saw Samuel , she cried with a loud voice : and the woman spake to Saul , saying , Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul .
13. 왕이 그에게 이르되 두려워 말라 네가 무엇을 보았느냐 여인이 사울에게 이르되 내가 신이 땅에서 올라오는 것을 보았나이다
And the king said unto her, Be not afraid : for what sawest thou? And the woman said unto Saul , I saw gods ascending out of the earth .
14. 사울이 그에게 이르되 그 모양이 어떠하냐 그가 가로되 한 노인이 올라 오는데 그가 겉옷을 입었나이다 사울이 그가 사무엘인줄 알고 그 얼굴을 땅에 대고 절하니라
And he said unto her, What form is he of? And she said , An old man cometh up ; and he is covered with a mantle . And Saul perceived that it was Samuel , and he stooped with his face to the ground , and bowed himself.
15. 사무엘이 사울에게 이르되 네가 어찌하여 나를 불러 올려서 나로 분요케 하느냐 사울이 대답하되 나는 심히 군급하니이다 블레셋 사람은 나를 향하여 군대를 일으켰고 하나님은 나를 떠나서 다시는 선지자로도, 꿈으로도 내게 대답지 아니하시기로 나의 행할 일을 배우려고 당신을 불러 올렸나이다
And Samuel said to Saul , Why hast thou disquieted me, to bring me up ? And Saul answered , I am sore distressed ; for the Philistines make war against me, and God is departed from me, and answereth me no more, neither by prophets , nor by dreams : therefore I have called thee, that thou mayest make known unto me what I shall do .
16. 사무엘이 가로되 여호와께서 너를 떠나 네 대적이 되셨거늘 네가 어찌하여 내게 묻느냐
Then said Samuel , Wherefore then dost thou ask of me, seeing the Lord is departed from thee, and is become thine enemy ?
17. 여호와께서 나로 말씀하신 대로 네게 행하사 나라를 네 손에서 떼어 네 이웃 다윗에게 주셨느니라
And the Lord hath done to him, as he spake by me : for the Lord hath rent the kingdom out of thine hand , and given it to thy neighbour , even to David :
18. 네가 여호와의 목소리를 순종치 아니하고 그의 진노를 아말렉에게 쏟지 아니하였으므로 여호와께서 오늘날 이 일을 네게 행하셨고
Because thou obeyedst not the voice of the Lord , nor executedst his fierce wrath upon Amalek , therefore hath the Lord done this thing unto thee this day .
19. 여호와께서 이스라엘을 너와 함께 블레셋 사람의 손에 붙이시리니 내일 너와 네 아들들이 나와 함께 있으리라 여호와께서 또 이스라엘 군대를 블레셋 사람의 손에 붙이시리라
Moreover the Lord will also deliver Israel with thee into the hand of the Philistines : and to morrow shalt thou and thy sons be with me: the Lord also shall deliver the host of Israel into the hand of the Philistines .
20. 사울이 갑자기 땅에 온전히 엎드러지니 이는 사무엘의 말을 인하여 심히 두려워함이요 또 그 기력이 진하였으니 이는 그가 종일 종야에 식물을 먹지 못하였음이라
Then Saul fell straightway all along on the earth , and was sore afraid , because of the words of Samuel : and there was no strength in him; for he had eaten no bread all the day , nor all the night .
21. 그 여인이 사울에게 이르러 그 심히 고통함을 보고 그에게 이르되 여종이 왕의 말씀을 듣고 나의 생명을 아끼지 아니하고 왕이 내게 이르신 말씀을 청종하였사오니
And the woman came unto Saul , and saw that he was sore troubled , and said unto him, Behold, thine handmaid hath obeyed thy voice , and I have put my life in my hand , and have hearkened unto thy words which thou spakest unto me.
22. 그런즉 청컨대 이제 여종의 말을 들으사 나로 왕의 앞에 한 조각 떡을 드리게 하시고 왕은 잡수시고 길 가실 때에 기력을 얻으소서
Now therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou also unto the voice of thine handmaid , and let me set a morsel of bread before thee; and eat , that thou mayest have strength , when thou goest on thy way .
23. 사울이 거절하여 가로되 내가 먹지 아니하겠노라 그 신하들과 여인이 강권하매 그 말을 듣고 땅에서 일어나 침상에 앉으니라
But he refused , and said , I will not eat . But his servants , together with the woman , compelled him; and he hearkened unto their voice . So he arose from the earth , and sat upon the bed .
24. 여인의 집에 살진 송아지가 있으므로 그것을 급히 잡고 가루를 취하여 뭉쳐 무교병을 만들고 구워서
And the woman had a fat calf in the house ; and she hasted , and killed it, and took flour , and kneaded it, and did bake unleavened bread thereof:
25. 사울의 앞에와 그 신하들의 앞에 드리니 그들이 먹고 일어나서 그 밤에 가니라
And she brought it before Saul , and before his servants ; and they did eat . Then they rose up , and went away that night .
■ 주석 보기
【삼상28:1 JFB】삼상28:1-6. Achish's Confidence in David.
1. The Philistines gathered their armies together for warfare, to fight with Israel—The death of Samuel, the general dissatisfaction with Saul, and the absence of David, instigated the cupidity of those restless enemies of Israel.
Achish said to David, Know thou assuredly, that thou shalt go out with me to battle—This was evidently to try him. Achish, however, seems to have thought he had gained the confidence of David and had a claim on his services.
【삼상28:1 CWC】[SAUL'S CAREER ENDED]
1. Calamity Foretold, c. 28.
This chapter is important and illustrates again the deceptive character of Saul. Having professedly put the necromancers out of Israel in obedience to the divine command (레19:31; 20:27; 신18:10, 11), he no sooner finds himself in straits than he seeks out one of them for his aid.
Two questions arise. Did Samuel really come forth from the dead, and was it the woman's power that brought him forth? To the first we answer yes, on the evidence of verses 12 to 16, and to the second, no. The woman was surprised to see Samuel and affrighted (v. 12), which is proof that she was not a factor in the matter, and that God brought up Samuel to rebuke Saul.
Two other questions follow. Is it possible for human beings to talk with the dead, or lawful to do so? We answer no in both cases. Spiritualistic mediums may have intercourse with demons who by their superior knowledge personate the dead, but they are not permitted of God to bring back the dead themselves. On the other hand God may be at liberty to do what He would not permit His creatures to do.
How are we to understand the words "Tomorrow shalt thou be with me." Was not Samuel one who feared God and Saul the opposite? How then could the future life of both be located in the same place? The answer is that the Jews regarded the place of the dead as composed of two realms, one for the righteous and one for the unrighteous. Saul might be with Samuel in that he was among the dead, and yet not in the sense that he was in the company of the righteous dead.
2. The Evil in Operation, cc. 29, 30.
There is no apology for David's hypocrisy in this chapter, but the situation in which he found himself was the result of the unbelief that led him to leave the land of his fathers and throw in his lot with the Philistines (27:1).
Achish, shows up better than he in this transaction, for he seemed to have confidence in David (28:1, 2). And had it not been for the shrewder judgment of his princes (29:3-5), David would have been found playing the traitor to him later, for it is unlikely he would have fought for him against his own kith and kin.
Chapter 30 may be included in this division because it still has to do with David. There is nothing in it requiring explanation except the observation in verse 6, "that David encouraged himself in the Lord his God." How he did it, and what encouragement he received is indicated in verses 7, 8, but why God would be willing to encourage such a man puzzles us, till again we think of ourselves. The best of us are unbelieving, mean, and hypocritical at times, and yet God's patience waits, and does not destroy and cast away. The reason is that God's love for us terminates on His own glory. He is doing these things for His Name's sake. His honor is at stake in the execution of His purposes and the fulfilling of His will. He had great plans for Israel and the world through David. And He is not measuring us by what we now are, but by what He sees us to be when the work of grace is perfected in us in the ages to come. David becomes a different man even before his earthly career is ended, and we find something of the same transformation in his career as in that of his progenitor, the supplanted Jacob who became Israel, the prince who prevailed with God (창32:28).
3. The End Reached, c. 31
We need not comment on the events of this chapter which tell their own story, but the following from Illustrations of Scripture, by Hackett, will be quickening to faith:
"I venture to affirm that he who compares the Bible account of this battle with the regions around Gilboah, has the same sort of evidence that it relates what is true as a person would have concerning the battles of Saratoga, Yorktown and Waterloo, should he compare their histories with the localities where they occurred.
"Some of the most celebrated battle fields of Grecian and Roman history correspond but imperfectly with the descriptions of ancient writers. The writers may be trustworthy, but the villages they mentioned have changed their names or entirely disappeared. In some cases convulsions of nature have altered streams, or disturbed landmarks between hills and valleys. But Saul's battle ground remains mapped out on the face of the country, almost as distinctly as if it occurred in our time, and yet it occurred in an age more remote than the founding of Rome, or the siege of Troy."
【삼상28:1 MHCC】David could not refuse Achish without danger. If he promised assistance, and then stood neuter, or went over to the Israelites, he would behave with ingratitude and treachery. If he fought against Israel, he would sin greatly. It seemed impossible that he should get out of this difficulty with a clear conscience; but his evasive answer, intended to gain time, was not consistent with the character of an Israelite indeed. Troubles are terrors to the children of disobedience. In his distress, Saul inquired of the Lord. He did not seek in faith, but with a double, unstable mind. Saul had put the law in force against those that had familiar spirits, 출22:18. Many seem zealous against, sin, when they are any way hurt by it, who have no concern for the glory of God, nor any dislike of sin as sin. Many seem enemies to sin in others, while they indulge it in themselves. Saul will drive the devil out of his kingdom, yet harbours him in his heart by envy and malice. How foolish to consult those whom, according to God's law, he had endeavoured to root out!
【삼상28:2 JFB】2. Surely thou shalt know what thy servant can do—This answer, while it seemed to express an apparent cheerfulness in agreeing to the proposal, contained a studied ambiguity—a wary and politic generality.
Therefore will I make thee keeper of mine head for ever—or, "my life"; that is, "captain of my bodyguard," an office of great trust and high honor.
【삼상28:3 JFB】3. Now Samuel is dead, &c.—This event is here alluded to as affording an explanation of the secret and improper methods by which Saul sought information and direction in the present crisis of his affairs. Overwhelmed in perplexity and fear, he yet found the common and legitimate channels of communication with Heaven shut against him. And so, under the impulse of that dark, distempered, superstitious spirit which had overmastered him, he resolved, in desperation, to seek the aid of one of those fortune telling impostors whom, in accordance with the divine command (레19:31; 20:6, 27; 신18:11), he had set himself formerly to exterminate from his kingdom.
【삼상28:4 JFB】4. the Philistines … pitched in Shunem—Having collected their forces for a last grand effort, they marched up from the seacoast and encamped in the "valley of Jezreel." The spot on which their encampment was fixed was Shunem (수19:18), now Sulem, a village which still exists on the slope of a range called "Little Hermon." On the opposite side, on the rise of Mount Gilboa, hard by "the spring of Jezreel," was Saul's army—the Israelites, according to their wont, keeping to the heights, while their enemies clung to the plain.
【삼상28:7 JFB】삼상28:7-25. Saul Seeks a Witch, Who, Being Encouraged by Him, Raises Up Samuel.
7, 8. Then said Saul unto his servants, Seek me a woman that hath a familiar spirit—From the energetic measures which he himself had taken for extirpating the dealers in magical arts (the profession having been declared a capital offense), his most attached courtiers might have had reason to doubt the possibility of gratifying their master's wish. Anxious inquiries, however, led to the discovery of a woman living very secluded in the neighborhood, who had the credit of possessing the forbidden powers. To her house he repaired by night in disguise, accompanied by two faithful servants.
En-dor—"the fountain of the circle" (that figure being constantly affected by magicians) was situated directly on the other side of the Gilboa range, opposite Tabor; so that, in this midnight adventure, Saul had to pass over the shoulder of the ridge on which the Philistines were encamped.
【삼상28:7 MHCC】When we go from the plain path of duty, every thing draws us further aside, and increases our perplexity and temptation. Saul desires the woman to bring one from the dead, with whom he wished to speak; this was expressly forbidden, 신18:11. All real or pretended witchcraft or conjuration, is a malicious or an ignorant attempt to gain knowledge or help from some creature, when it cannot be had from the Lord in the path of duty. While Samuel was living, we never read of Saul's going to advise with him in any difficulties; it had been well for him if he had. But now he is dead, “Bring me up Samuel.” Many who despise and persecute God's saints and ministers when living, would be glad to have them again, when they are gone. The whole shows that it was no human fraud or trick. Though the woman could not cause Samuel's being sent, yet Saul's inquiry might be the occasion of it. The woman's surprise and terror proved that it was an unusual and unexpected appearance. Saul had despised Samuel's solemn warnings in his lifetime, yet now that he hoped, as in defiance of God, to obtain some counsel and encouragement from him, might not God permit the soul of his departed prophet to appear to Saul, to confirm his former sentence, and denounce his doom? The expression, “Thou and thy sons shall be with me,” means no more than that they shall be in the eternal world. There appears much solemnity in God's permitting the soul of a departed prophet to come as a witness from heaven, to confirm the word he had spoken on earth.
【삼상28:8 JFB】8-14. bring me him up, whom I shall name unto thee—This pythoness united to the arts of divination a claim to be a necromancer (신18:11); and it was her supposed power in calling back the dead of which Saul was desirous to avail himself. Though she at first refused to listen to his request, she accepted his pledge that no risk would be incurred by her compliance. It is probable that his extraordinary stature, the deference paid him by his attendants, the easy distance of his camp from En-dor, and the proposal to call up the great prophet and first magistrate in Israel (a proposal which no private individual would venture to make), had awakened her suspicions as to the true character and rank of her visitor. The story has led to much discussion whether there was a real appearance of Samuel or not. On the one hand, the woman's profession, which was forbidden by the divine law, the refusal of God to answer Saul by any divinely constituted means, the well-known age, figure, and dress of Samuel, which she could easily represent herself, or by an accomplice—his apparition being evidently at some distance, being muffled, and not actually seen by Saul, whose attitude of prostrate homage, moreover, must have prevented him distinguishing the person though he had been near, and the voice seemingly issuing out of the ground, and coming along to Saul—and the vagueness of the information, imparted much which might have been reached by natural conjecture as to the probable result of the approaching conflict—the woman's representation—all of this has led many to think that this was a mere deception. On the other hand, many eminent writers (considering that the apparition came before her arts were put in practice; that she herself was surprised and alarmed; that the prediction of Saul's own death and the defeat of his forces was confidently made), are of opinion that Samuel really appeared.
【삼상28:20 MHCC】Those that expect any good counsel or comfort, otherwise than from God, and in the way of his institutions, will be as wretchedly disappointed as Saul. Though terrified even to despair, he was not humbled. He confessed not his sins, offered no sacrifices, and presented no supplications. He does not seem to have cared about his sons or his people, or to have attempted any escape; but in sullen despair he rushed upon his doom. God sets up a few such beacons, to warn men not to stifle convictions, or despise his word. But while one repenting thought remains, let no sinner suppose himself in this case. Let him humble himself before God, determined to live and die beseeching his favour, and he will succeed.
【삼상28:24 JFB】24. the woman had a fat calf … and she hasted, and killed it, &c.—(See on 창18:1-8).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.