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■ 이사야 58장
1. 크게 외치라 아끼지 말라 네 목소리를 나팔 같이 날려 내 백성에게 허물을, 야곱 집에 그 죄를 고하라
Cry aloud , spare not, lift up thy voice like a trumpet , and shew my people their transgression , and the house of Jacob their sins .
2. 그들이 날마다 나를 찾아 나의 길 알기를 즐거워함이 마치 의를 행하여 그 하나님의 규례를 폐하지 아니하는 나라 같아서 의로운 판단을 내게 구하며 하나님과 가까이 하기를 즐겨하며
Yet they seek me daily , and delight to know my ways , as a nation that did righteousness , and forsook not the ordinance of their God : they ask of me the ordinances of justice ; they take delight in approaching to God .
3. 이르기를 우리가 금식하되 주께서 보지 아니하심은 어찜이오며 우리가 마음을 괴롭게 하되 주께서 알아주지 아니하심은 어찜이니이까 하느니라 보라 너희가 금식하는 날에 오락을 찾아 얻으며 온갖 일을 시키는도다
Wherefore have we fasted , say they, and thou seest not? wherefore have we afflicted our soul , and thou takest no knowledge ? Behold, in the day of your fast ye find pleasure , and exact all your labours .
4. 보라 너희가 금식하면서 다투며 싸우며 악한 주먹으로 치는도다 너희의 오늘 금식하는 것은 너희 목소리로 상달케 하려 하는 것이 아니라
Behold, ye fast for strife and debate , and to smite with the fist of wickedness : ye shall not fast as ye do this day , to make your voice to be heard on high .
5. 이것이 어찌 나의 기뻐하는 금식이 되겠으며 이것이 어찌 사람이 그 마음을 괴롭게 하는 날이 되겠느냐 그 머리를 갈대 같이 숙이고 굵은 베와 재를 펴는 것을 어찌 금식이라 하겠으며 여호와께 열납될 날이라 하겠느냐
Is it such a fast that I have chosen ? a day for a man to afflict his soul ? is it to bow down his head as a bulrush , and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? wilt thou call this a fast , and an acceptable day to the Lord ?
6. 나의 기뻐하는 금식은 흉악의 결박을 풀어주며 멍에의 줄을 끌러주며 압제 당하는 자를 자유케 하며 모든 멍에를 꺾는 것이 아니겠느냐
Is not this the fast that I have chosen ? to loose the bands of wickedness , to undo the heavy burdens , and to let the oppressed go free , and that ye break every yoke ?
7. 또 주린 자에게 네 식물을 나눠 주며 유리하는 빈민을 네 집에 들이며 벗은 자를 보면 입히며 또 네 골육을 피하여 스스로 숨지 아니하는 것이 아니겠느냐
Is it not to deal thy bread to the hungry , and that thou bring the poor that are cast out to thy house ? when thou seest the naked , that thou cover him; and that thou hide not thyself from thine own flesh ?
8. 그리하면 네 빛이 아침 같이 비췰 것이며 네 치료가 급속할 것이며 네 의가 네 앞에 행하고 여호와의 영광이 네 뒤에 호위하리니
Then shall thy light break forth as the morning , and thine health shall spring forth speedily : and thy righteousness shall go before thee; the glory of the Lord shall be thy rereward .
9. 네가 부를 때에는 나 여호와가 응답하겠고 네가 부르짖을 때에는 말하기를 내가 여기 있다 하리라 만일 네가 너희 중에서 멍에와 손가락질과 허망한 말을 제하여 버리고
Then shalt thou call , and the Lord shall answer ; thou shalt cry , and he shall say , Here I am. If thou take away from the midst of thee the yoke , the putting forth of the finger , and speaking vanity ;
10. 주린 자에게 네 심정을 동하며 괴로워하는 자의 마음을 만족케 하면 네 빛이 흑암 중에서 발하여 네 어두움이 낮과 같이 될 것이며
And if thou draw out thy soul to the hungry , and satisfy the afflicted soul ; then shall thy light rise in obscurity , and thy darkness be as the noonday :
11. 나 여호와가 너를 항상 인도하여 마른 곳에서도 네 영혼을 만족케 하며 네 뼈를 견고케 하리니 너는 물댄 동산 같겠고 물이 끊어지지 아니하는 샘 같을 것이라
And the Lord shall guide thee continually , and satisfy thy soul in drought , and make fat thy bones : and thou shalt be like a watered garden , and like a spring of water , whose waters fail not.
12. 네게서 날 자들이 오래 황폐된 곳들을 다시 세울 것이며 너는 역대의 파괴된 기초를 쌓으리니 너를 일컬어 무너진 데를 수보하는 자라 할 것이며 길을 수축하여 거할 곳이 되게 하는 자라 하리라
And they that shall be of thee shall build the old waste places : thou shalt raise up the foundations of many generations ; and thou shalt be called , The repairer of the breach , The restorer of paths to dwell in .
13. 만일 안식일에 네 발을 금하여 내 성일에 오락을 행치 아니하고 안식일을 일컬어 즐거운 날이라, 여호와의 성일을 존귀한 날이라 하여 이를 존귀히 여기고 네 길로 행치 아니하며 네 오락을 구치 아니하며 사사로운 말을 하지 아니하면
If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath , from doing thy pleasure on my holy day ; and call the sabbath a delight , the holy of the Lord , honourable ; and shalt honour him, not doing thine own ways , nor finding thine own pleasure , nor speaking thine own words :
14. 네가 여호와의 안에서 즐거움을 얻을 것이라 내가 너를 땅의 높은 곳에 올리고 네 조상 야곱의 업으로 기르리라 여호와의 입의 말이니라
Then shalt thou delight thyself in the Lord ; and I will cause thee to ride upon the high places of the earth , and feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father : for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.
■ 주석 보기
【사58:1 JFB】사58:1-14. Reproof of the Jews for Their Dependence on Mere Outward Forms of Worship.
1. aloud—Hebrew, "with the throat," that is, with full voice, not merely from the lips (삼상1:13). Speak loud enough to arrest attention.
my people—the Jews in Isaiah's time, and again in the time of our Lord, more zealous for externals than for inward holiness. Rosenmuller thinks the reference to be to the Jews in the captivity practising their rites to gain God's favor and a release; and that hence, sacrifices are not mentioned, but only fasting and Sabbath observance, which they could keep though far away from the temple in Jerusalem. The same also applies to their present dispersion, in which they cannot offer sacrifices, but can only show their zeal in fastings, &c. Compare as to our Lord's time, 마6:16, 23; Lu 18:12.
【사58:1 CWC】[MEETING OF THE AGES]
We are drawing to the end of the present, and the opening of the Millennial age. The prophet's eye rests on the time when Israel is back in her land, the majority still unconverted to Christ and worshiping in a restored temple. There is a faithful remnant waiting for Him, though enduring the persecution of the false christ. This persecution may often be felt at the hands of their own brethren after the flesh. These facts must be assumed in the interpretation of these chanters, though they will not appear strange to any who have studied the preceding books in this commentary.
Chapter 58 opens with a renewal of the prophetic commission, suggesting that at the time of the end there will be a special heralding of the Lord's Coming as there was at His first coming (말4:5-6). Indeed the whole chapter suggests the preaching of John the Baptist. Their complaint in verse 3 is answered in the verses that follow (vv. 4-7). Their blessing depends on obedience (vv. 8-14).
Chapter 59 continues the thought, leading into a revelation of the divine purpose to interpose on their behalf in the person of the Redeemer. This interposition is for judgment (vv. 15-19), but to the penitent and believing it means forgiveness, sanctification and blessing forever (vv. 20-21).
Chapter 60 carries on the description of the blessing. It has actually come. The rest of the world may yet be in darkness, but not Israel (vv. 1, 2). Moreover, the latter has become light for all the rest. Millennial blessing pervades the whole earth (vv. 3-11). Israel is the arbiter of the Gentile nations (v. 12), and the latter are contributing to her greatness and benefit (vv. 14-16). Now the whole of Israel is converted and she has become great (vv. 21-22).
Chapter 61 shows the cause of the foregoing to be the work of the Messiah on Israel's behalf (vv. 1-3). The first part of this prediction was fulfilled at the first coming of Christ (see 눅4:16-20). The first part ended at the proclamation of "the acceptable year of the Lord" (v. 3), but the second part begins "at the day of vengeance of our God." This is the second coming. The rest of the chanter repeats what was said of the future blessings in the preceding one.
Chapter 62 carries on the thought of 61. Help will be found by reading the Revised Version side by side with the King James, and especially by observing the marginal readings.
Chapter 63 begins with the picture of judgment. The day of vengeance is ushered in by the coming of the Avenger, Christ, on behalf of His people against the oppressing Gentiles (vv. 1-6). The remainder of the chapter is identified with the following one, the two composing the intercessory prayer of penitent Israel in that day. Read and compare it with Nehemiah's prayer in the first chapter of his book and with that of Daniel 9. It also suggests many of the psalms. The closing two chapters are the answer to this prayer, and require no comment in the light of the principles of interpretation illustrated before.
【사58:1 MHCC】 Hypocrisy reproved. (사58:1,2) A counterfeit and a true fast, with promises to real godliness, and, (사58:3-12) to the keeping the sabbath. (사58:13,14)
사58:1,2 The Holy Spirit had hypocrites of every age in view. Self-love and timid Christians may say, Spare thyself; dislike to the cross and other motives will say, 'Spare the rich and powerful;' but God says, 'Spare not:' and we must obey God, not men. We all need earnestly to pray for God's assistance in examining ourselves. Men may go far toward heaven, yet come short; and they may go to hell with a good reputation.
사58:3-12 A fast is a day to afflict the soul; if it does not express true sorrow for sin, and does not promote the putting away of sin, it is not a fast. These professors had shown sorrow on stated or occasioned fasts. But they indulged pride, covetousness, and malignant passions. To be liberal and merciful is more acceptable to God than mere fasting, which, without them, is vain and hypocritical. Many who seem humble in God's house, are hard at home, and harass their families. But no man's faith justifies, which does not work by love. Yet persons, families, neighbourhoods, churches, or nations, show repentance and sorrow for sin, by keeping a fast sincerely, and, from right motives, repenting, and doing good works. The heavy yoke of sin and oppression must be removed. As sin and sorrow dry the bones and weaken the strongest human constitution; so the duties of kindness and charity strengthen and refresh both body and mind. Those who do justly and love mercy, shall have the comfort, even in this world. Good works will bring the blessing of God, provided they are done from love to God and man, and wrought in the soul by the Holy Spirit.
사58:13,14 The sabbath is a sign between God and his professing people; his appointing it is a sign of his favour to them; and their observing it is a sign of their obedience to him. We must turn from travelling on that day; from doing our pleasure on that holy day, without the control and restraint of conscience; or from indulging in the pleasures of sense. On sabbath days we must not follow our callings, or our pleasures. In all we say and do, we must put a difference between this day and other days. Even in Old Testament times the sabbath was called the Lord's day, and is fitly called so still; and for a further reason, it is the Lord Christ's day, 계1:10. If we thus remember the sabbath day to keep it holy, we shall have the comfort and profit of it, and have reason to say, It is good to draw near to God.
【사58:2 JFB】2. Put the stop at "ways"; and connect "as a nation that," &c. with what follows; "As a nation that did righteousness," thus answers to, "they ask of Me just judgments" (that is, as a matter of justice due to them, salvation to themselves, and destruction to their enemies); and "forsook not the ordinance of their God," answers to "they desire the drawing near of God" (that God would draw near to exercise those "just judgments" in behalf of them, and against their enemies) [Maurer]. So Jerome, "In the confidence, as it were, of a good conscience, they demand a just judgment, in the language of the saints: Judge me, O Lord, for I have walked in mine integrity." So in 말2:17, they affect to be scandalized at the impunity of the wicked, and impugn God's justice [Horsley]. Thus, "seek Me daily, and desire (English Version not so well, 'delight') to know My ways," refers to their requiring to know why God delayed so long in helping them. English Version gives a good, though different sense; namely, dispelling the delusion that God would be satisfied with outward observances, while the spirit of the law, was violated and the heart unchanged (사58:3-14; 겔33:31, 32; compare 요18:28), scrupulosity side by side with murder. The prophets were the commentators on the law, as their Magna Charta, in its inward spirit and not the mere letter.
【사58:3 JFB】3. Wherefore—the words of the Jews: "Why is it that, when we fast, Thou dost not notice it" (by delivering us)? They think to lay God under obligation to their fasting (시73:13; 말3:14).
afflicted … soul—(레16:29).
Behold—God's reply.
pleasure—in antithesis to their boast of having "afflicted their soul"; it was only in outward show they really enjoyed themselves. Gesenius not so well translates, "business."
exact … labours—rather, "oppressive labors" [Maurer]. Horsley, with Vulgate, translates, "Exact the whole upon your debtors"; those who owe you labor (느5:1-5, 8-10, &c.).
【사58:4 JFB】4. ye shall not fast—rather, "ye do not fast at this time, so as to make your voice to be heard on high," that is, in heaven; your aim in fasting is strife, not to gain the ear of God [Maurer] (왕상21:9, 12, 13). In English Version the sense is, If you wish acceptance with God, ye must not fast as ye now do, to make your voice heard high in strife.
【사58:5 JFB】5. for a man to afflict his soul—The pain felt by abstinence is not the end to be sought, as if it were meritorious; it is of value only in so far as it leads us to amend our ways (사58:6, 7).
bow … head … sackcloth—to affect the outward tokens, so as to "appear to men to fast" (마6:17, 18; 왕상21:27; 에4:3).
【사58:6 JFB】6. loose … bands of wickedness—that is, to dissolve every tie wherewith one has unjustly bound his fellow men (레25:49, &c.). Servitude, a fraudulent contract, &c.
undo … heavy burdens—Hebrew, "loose the bands of the yoke."
oppressed—literally, "the broken." The expression, "to let go free," implies that those "broken" with the yoke of slavery, are meant (느5:10-12; 렘34:9-11, 14, 16). Jerome interprets it, broken with poverty; bankrupt.
【사58:7 JFB】7. deal—distribute (욥31:16-21).
cast out—rather, reduced [Horsley].
naked … cover him—(마25:36).
hide … thyself—means to be strange towards them, and not to relieve them in their poverty (마15:5).
flesh—kindred (창29:14). Also brethren in common descent from Adam, and brethren in Christ (약2:15).
【사58:8 JFB】8. light—emblem of prosperity (사58:10; 욥11:17).
health—literally, a long bandage, applied by surgeons to heal a wound (compare 사1:6). Hence restoration from all past calamities.
go before thee—Thy conformity to the divine covenant acts as a leader, conducting thee to peace and prosperity.
glory … reward—like the pillar of cloud and fire, the symbol of God's "glory," which went behind Israel, separating them from their Egyptian pursuers (사52:12; 출14:19, 20).
【사58:9 JFB】9. Then … call … answer—when sin is renounced (사65:24). When the Lord's call is not hearkened to, He will not hear our "call" (시66:18; 잠1:24, 28; 15:29; 28:9).
putting forth of … finger—the finger of scorn pointed at simple-minded godly men. The middle finger was so used by the Romans.
speaking vanity—every injurious speech [Lowth].
【사58:10 JFB】10. draw out thy soul—"impart of thine own subsistence," or "sustenance" [Horsley]. "Soul" is figurative for "that wherewith thou sustainest thy soul," or "life."
light … in obscurity—Calamities shall be suddenly succeeded by prosperity (시112:4).
【사58:11 JFB】11. satisfy … in drought—(사41:17, 18). Literally, "drought," that is, parched places [Maurer].
make fat—rather, "strengthen" [Noyes]. "Give thee the free use of thy bones" [Jerome], or, "of thy strength" [Horsley].
watered garden—an Oriental picture of happiness.
fail not—Hebrew, "deceive not"; as streams that disappoint the caravan which had expected to find water, as formerly, but find it dried up (욥6:15-17).
【사58:12 JFB】12. they … of thee—thy people, the Israelites.
old waste places—the old ruins of Jerusalem (사61:4; 겔36:33-36).
foundations of many generations—that is, the buildings which had lain in ruins, even to their foundations, for many ages; called in the parallel passage (사61:4), "the former desolations"; and in the preceding clause here, "the old waste places." The literal and spiritual restoration of Israel is meant, which shall produce like blessed results on the Gentile world (암9:11, 12; 행15:16, 17).
be called—appropriately: the name truly designating what thou shalt do.
breach—the calamity wherewith God visited Israel for their sin (사30:26; 대상15:13).
paths to dwell in—not that the paths were to be dwelt in, but the paths leading to their dwellings were to be restored; "paths, so as to dwell in the land" [Maurer].
【사58:13 JFB】13. (사56:2; 느13:15-22). The Sabbath, even under the new dispensation, was to be obligatory (사66:23).
foot—the instrument of motion (compare 잠4:27); men are not to travel for mere pleasure on the Sabbath (행1:12). The Jews were forbidden to travel on it farther than the tabernacle or temple. If thou keep thy foot from going on thy own ways and "doing thy pleasure," &c. (출20:10, 11).
my holy day—God claims it as His day; to take it for our pleasure is to rob Him of His own. This is the very way in which the Sabbath is mostly broken; it is made a day of carnal pleasure instead of spiritual "delight."
holy of the Lord—not the predicate, but the subject; "if thou call the holy (day) of Jehovah honorable"; if thou treat it as a day to be honored.
him—or else, it, the Sabbath.
not doing … own way—answering to, "turn away thy foot from the Sabbath."
nor finding … pleasure—answering to, "doing thy pleasure." "To keep the Sabbath in an idle manner is the sabbath of oxen and asses; to pass it in a jovial manner is the sabbath of the golden calf, when the people sat down to eat and drink, and rose again to play; to keep it in surfeiting and wantonness is the sabbath of Satan, the devil's holiday" [Bishop Andrewes].
nor speaking … words—answering to, "call Sabbath a delight … honorable." Man's "own words" would "call" it a "weariness"; it is the spiritual nature given from above which "calls it a delight" (암8:5; 말1:13).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.