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■ 역대하 22장
1. 예루살렘 거민이 여호람의 말째 아들 아하시야로 위를 이어 왕을 삼았으니 이는 전에 아라비아 사람과 함께 와서 영을 치던 부대가 그의 모든 형을 죽였음이라 그러므로 유다 왕 여호람의 아들 아하시야가 왕이 되었더라
And the inhabitants of Jerusalem made Ahaziah his youngest son king in his stead: for the band of men that came with the Arabians to the camp had slain all the eldest . So Ahaziah the son of Jehoram king of Judah reigned .
2. 아하시야가 왕이 될 때에 나이 사십이 세라 예루살렘에서 일 년을 치리하니라 그 모친의 이름은 아달랴라 오므리의 손녀더라
Forty and two years old was Ahaziah when he began to reign , and he reigned one year in Jerusalem . His mother’s name also was Athaliah the daughter of Omri .
3. 아하시야도 아합의 집 길로 행하였으니 이는 그 모친이 꾀어 악을 행하게 하였음이라
He also walked in the ways of the house of Ahab : for his mother was his counsellor to do wickedly .
4. 그 부친이 죽은 후에 저가 패망케 하는 아합의 집 교도를 좇아 여호와 보시기에 아합의 집 같이 악을 행하였더라
Wherefore he did evil in the sight of the Lord like the house of Ahab : for they were his counsellors after the death of his father to his destruction .
5. 아하시야가 아합의 집 교도를 좇고 이스라엘 왕 아합의 아들 요람과 함께 길르앗 라못으로 가서 아람 왕 하사엘로 더불어 싸우더니 아람 사람들이 요람을 상하게 한지라
He walked also after their counsel , and went with Jehoram the son of Ahab king of Israel to war against Hazael king of Syria at Ramoth–gilead : and the Syrians smote Joram .
6. 요람이 아람 왕 하사엘과 싸울 때에 라마에서 맞아 상한 것을 치료하려 하여 이스르엘로 돌아왔더라 아합의 아들 요람이 병이 있으므로 유다 왕 여호람의 아들 아사랴가 이스르엘에 내려가서 방문하였더라
And he returned to be healed in Jezreel because of the wounds which were given him at Ramah , when he fought with Hazael king of Syria . And Azariah the son of Jehoram king of Judah went down to see Jehoram the son of Ahab at Jezreel , because he was sick .
7. 아하시야가 요람에게 가므로 해를 받았으니 이는 하나님께로 말미암은 것이라 아하시야가 갔다가 요람과 함께 나가서 임시의 아들 예후를 맞았으니 그는 여호와께서 기름을 부으시고 아합의 집을 멸하게 하신 자더라
And the destruction of Ahaziah was of God by coming to Joram : for when he was come , he went out with Jehoram against Jehu the son of Nimshi , whom the Lord had anointed to cut off the house of Ahab .
8. 예후가 아합의 집을 징벌할 때에 유다 방백들과 아하시야의 형제의 아들들 곧 아하시야를 섬기는 자들을 만나서 죽였고
And it came to pass, that, when Jehu was executing judgment upon the house of Ahab , and found the princes of Judah , and the sons of the brethren of Ahaziah , that ministered to Ahaziah , he slew them.
9. 아하시야는 사마리아에 숨었더니 예후가 찾으매 무리가 예후에게로 잡아다가 죽이고 이르기를 저는 전심으로 여호와를 구하던 여호사밧의 아들이라 하고 장사하였더라 이에 아하시야의 집이 약하여 왕위를 지키지 못하게 되니라
And he sought Ahaziah : and they caught him, (for he was hid in Samaria ,) and brought him to Jehu : and when they had slain him, they buried him: Because, said they, he is the son of Jehoshaphat , who sought the Lord with all his heart . So the house of Ahaziah had no power to keep still the kingdom .
10. 아하시야의 모친 아달랴가 그 아들의 죽은 것을 보고 일어나 유다 집의 왕의 씨를 진멸하였으나
But when Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead , she arose and destroyed all the seed royal of the house of Judah .
11. 왕의 딸 여호사브앗이 아하시야의 아들 요아스를 왕자들의 죽임을 당하는 중에서 도적하여 내고 저와 그 유모를 침실에 숨겨 아달랴를 피하게 한고로 아달랴가 저를 죽이지 못하였더라 여호사브앗은 여호람 왕의 딸이요 아하시야의 누이요 제사장 여호야다의 아내더라
But Jehoshabeath , the daughter of the king , took Joash the son of Ahaziah , and stole him from among the king’s sons that were slain , and put him and his nurse in a bedchamber . So Jehoshabeath , the daughter of king Jehoram , the wife of Jehoiada the priest , (for she was the sister of Ahaziah ,) hid him from Athaliah , so that she slew him not.
12. 요아스가 저희와 함께 하나님의 전에 육 년을 숨어 있는 동안에 아달랴가 나라를 다스렸더라
And he was with them hid in the house of God six years : and Athaliah reigned over the land .
■ 주석 보기
【대하22:1 JFB】대하22:1-9. Ahaziah Succeeding Jehoram, Reigns Wickedly.
1. the inhabitants of Jerusalem made Ahaziah … king—or Jehoahaz (대하21:17). All his older brothers having been slaughtered by the Arab marauders, the throne of Judah rightfully belonged to him as the only legitimate heir.
【대하22:1 CWC】[JEHORAM TO HEZEKIAH]
1. Jehoram, c. 21.
Jehoshaphat followed Rehoboam's example in arranging for his sons (v. 3), but without the hoped-for result (v. 4). Such a brother as Jehoram proved might be expected to act in his kingly capacity as verses five to seven testify. "Elijah" (v. 12) may be mistaken of the transcribers for "Elisha," as the former died earlier (2 Kings 2); unless we take the view in the margin that this was a "writing" he left behind him. For the fulfillment of this "writing" read the rest of the chapter. We had a much fuller account of this reign in 2 Kings.
2. Ahaziah, c. 22.
This king is called "Jehoahaz" in the preceding chapter (v. 17). The peculiarity in the figures {22:2) was noticed in 왕하8:26, and the fact that his mother was the grand-daughter of Omri (v. 2). Note her influence (v. 3) like that of the mother of what other king recently considered?
In the story of verses five to nine, it is of interest to know that archaeological research has found the names of Hazael and Jehu on the Assyrian sculptures.
Athaliah's motive (v. 10) may have been inspired partly by anger at the destruction of her own house of Ahab, partly by the necessity of self-defense against Jehu, and partly by pride and ambition, since if any of the young princes became king his mother would supersede her in power and dignity.
Verse 12 means that the priests and their families, some of them at least, were privileged to dwell in the buildings in the outer wall of the temple.
3. Joash, cc. 23, 24.
"Chief of the fathers of Israel" (23:2), means Judah and Benjamin only, the name usually employed in this book for all that remained of Israel. 2 Chronicles 24: 15-22 has no parallel in Kings. It mentions the honor shown Jehoiada. Burial in cities, except Jerusalem, was prohibited, and in that case only allowed to kings. What request did the princes make to the king after the death of the faithful priest (v. 17)? Does the next verse indicate its character? And was the king himself guilty (v. 21)? Compare 마23:29-35. In this last passage Christ speaks of the slain prophet as the son of Barachias instead of Jehoiada, but possibly he was the latter's grandson. In his death the prophet said: "The Lord shall see and require" (v. 22), and for the fulfillment of the warning read the chapter to the end.
4. Amaziah, c. 25.
This history is divided into three parts: (1) the general account of the reign, and its spirit, especially at the beginning (vv. 1-4); (2) the conquest of the Edomites (vv, 5-13); (3) the idolatry of the king and its punishment at the hands of Israel (vv. 14-28). The second of these events is given with detail not found in the earlier record, and is valuable for the reply of God's servant to the king (v. 9), the lesson of which should not be disregarded. The third event also contains new matter (vv. 14-16), which explains why the calamity of the following verses was permitted.
5. Uzziah, c. 26.
Two periods suggest themselves in this case, early obedience and prosperity (vv. 1-15), and then pride and punishment (vv. 16-23). A comparison of the record of the first period with 2 Kings 14 and 15 shows new matter illustrating Uzziah's prosperity, who is there called "Azariah." This latter name is that of the Assyrian inscriptions also. Do not let verse five escape. "He sought God in the days of Zechariah, who had understanding in the visions of God." How valuable the prophets in the history of God's people, and especially those who understand the visions of God! There is a difference in prophets. Some understand what others do not. How necessary, therefore, that the Scripture interpreter should fear the Lord that he may possess his secrets.
Uzziah desired to exercise regal and sacerdotal functions at the same time, as in the case of pagan kings and emperors, but which was contrary to the divine law (Ex, 30, Num. 18). For the sin, compare 1 Samuel 13, and the punishment, Numbers 12, 2 Kings 5.
6. Jotham and Ahaz, cc. 27, 28.
Of Jotham's reign little need be said except to call attention to the lesson in verse six. The story of Ahaz is divided into four parts: (1) his general character and reign (vv. 1-5); (2) the invasions by Syria and Israel (vv. 6-15); (3) the alliance with Assyria (vv. 16-21); (4) the summary (vv. 22-27).
There is much that is new as compared with Kings, but the prophetic intercession for Judah with their brethren of Israel is particularly interesting (vv. 9-15). Was it their power, or God's judicial sentence that caused Israel to be victorious (v. 9)? How had they abused their opportunity? What should make them cautious and merciful (v. 10)? Verses 12-15 accord with the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10), and Christ may have drawn upon this episode.
Ahaz's alliance with Assyria is attested by the Assyrian monuments. In the summary of the close of his reign, what language (v. 24) indicates the suspension of the worship of God in his time?
7. Hezekiah, cc. 29-32.
After the beginning of Hezekiah's history, we have, in chapter 29, the cleansing and consecration of the temple. In 30, the great passover. In 31, the religious reforms following. In 32, Sennacherib's expedition, and Hezekiah's sickness and the close of the reign. In Kings the military and political side of the reign is given more fully, but not the inner religious and theocratic side, as we see by comparing chapters 29-31 with the introductory verses of 2 Kings 18.
Noting a few outstanding points, "all the uncleanness" (29:16) means probably the sacrificial vessels formerly employed in idolatry, and possibly the remains of idolatrous offerings. "Ye have filled your hand unto the Lord" (v. 31 margin), means they had consecrated themselves to God (출28:41) after offering the expiatory sacrifices which preceded such consecration. Keep in mind that God accepts nothing from us as either gift or service until He accepts us. And we can be accepted only on the ground of the expiatory sacrifice of Christ. Note the last word of this chapter in the light of its context. That is the way a revival comes. O, that God would now surprise us with one!
Why could they not keep the passover in the appointed first month (30:2-4)? Was a change ever permissible (민9:6-13)? Note the breadth of the invitation (vv. 5-9), and the reception it met from Israel (vv. 10, 11). See the difficulty in the case of Judah and the cause of it (v. 12). "Healed the people" (v. 20) means forgave their guilt. "That they might be encouraged (steadfast) in the law of the Lord" (31:4), means that they might live care-free while performing their official duties.
Note that Hezekiah was a man of prayer and faith, who did not neglect means (32:1-8). To understand "he repaid not, etc.," (v. 25), compare 왕하20:12, etc. How disappointing this is in so good a man, and what a lesson it teaches as to the need of prayer and watchfulness to the end of our lives (v. 31).
【대하22:1 MHCC】The reign of Ahaziah, Athaliah destroys the royal family.
—The counsel of the ungodly ruins many young persons when they are setting out in the world. Ahaziah gave himself up to be led by evil men. Those who advise us to do wickedly, counsel us to our destruction; while they pretend to be friends, they are our worst enemies. See and dread the mischief of bad company. If not the infection, yet let the destruction be feared, 계18:4. We have here, a wicked woman endeavouring to destroy the house of David, and a good woman preserving it. No word of God shall fall to the ground. The whole truth of the prophecies that the Messiah was to come from David, and thereby the salvation of the world, appeared to be now hung upon the brittle thread of the life of a single infant, to destroy whom was the interest of the reigning power. But God had purposed, and vain were the efforts of earth and hell.
【대하22:2 JFB】2. Forty and two years old was Ahaziah when he began to reign—(Compare 왕하8:26). According to that passage, the commencement of his reign is dated in the twenty-second year of his age, and, according to this, in the forty-second year of the kingdom of his mother's family [Lightfoot]. "If Ahaziah ascended the throne in the twenty-second year of his life, he must have been born in his father's nineteenth year. Hence, it may seem strange that he had older brothers; but in the East they marry early, and royal princes had, besides the wife of the first rank, usually concubines, as Jehoram had (대하21:17); he might, therefore, in the nineteenth year of his age, very well have several sons" [Keil] (compare 대하21:20; 왕하8:17).
Athaliah the daughter of Omri—more properly, "granddaughter." The expression is used loosely, as the statement was made simply for the purpose of intimating that she belonged to that idolatrous race.
【대하22:3 JFB】3, 4. his mother was his counsellor … they were his counsellors—The facile king surrendered himself wholly to the influence of his mother and her relatives. Athaliah and her son introduced a universal corruption of morals and made idolatry the religion of the court and the nation. By them he was induced not only to conform to the religion of the northern kingdom, but to join a new expedition against Ramoth-gilead (see 왕하9:10).
【대하22:5 JFB】5. went … to war against Hazael, king of Syria—It may be mentioned as a very minute and therefore important confirmation of this part of the sacred history that the names of Jehu and Hazael, his contemporary, have both been found on Assyrian sculptures; and there is also a notice of Ithbaal, king of Sidon, who was the father of Jezebel.
【대하22:6 JFB】6. Azariah went down—that is, from Ramoth-gilead, to visit the king of Israel, who was lying ill of his wounds at Jezreel, and who had fled there on the alarm of Jehu's rebellion.
【대하22:9 JFB】9. he sought Ahaziah, and they caught him (for he was hid in Samaria)—(compare 왕하9:27-29). The two accounts are easily reconciled. "Ahaziah fled first to the garden house and escaped to Samaria; but was here, where he had hid himself, taken by Jehu's men who pursued him, brought to Jehu, who was still near or in Jezreel, and at his command slain at the hill Gur, beside Ibleam, in his chariot; that is, mortally wounded with an arrow, so that he, again fleeing, expired at Megiddo" [Keil]. Jehu left the corpse at the disposal of the king of Judah's attendants, who conveyed it to Jerusalem, and out of respect to his grandfather Jehoshaphat's memory, gave him an honorable interment in the tombs of the kings.
So the house of Ahaziah had no power to keep still the kingdom—His children were too young to assume the reins of government, and all the other royal princes had been massacred by Jehu (대하22:8).
【대하22:10 JFB】대하22:10-12. Athaliah, Destroying the Seed Royal Save Joash, Usurps the Kingdom.
10. Athaliah … arose and destroyed all the seed royal—(See on 왕하11:1-3). Maddened by the massacre of the royal family of Ahab, she resolved that the royal house of David should have the same fate. Knowing the commission which Jehu had received to extirpate the whole of Ahab's posterity, she expected that he would extend his sword to her. Anticipating his movements, she resolved, as her only defense and security, to usurp the throne and destroy "the seed royal," both because they were hostile to the Phœnician worship of Baal, which she was determined to uphold, and because, if one of the young princes became king, his mother would supersede Athaliah in the dignity of queen mother.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.