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■ 에스겔 31장
1. 제십일년 삼월 초 일일에 여호와의 말씀이 내게 임하여 가라사대
And it came to pass in the eleventh year , in the third month, in the first day of the month , that the word of the Lord came unto me, saying ,
2. 인자야 너는 애굽 왕 바로와 그 무리에게 이르기를 네 큰 위엄을 뉘게 비하랴
Son of man , speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt , and to his multitude ; Whom art thou like in thy greatness ?
3. 볼지어다 앗수르 사람은 가지가 아름답고 그늘은 삼림의 그늘 같으며 키가 높고 꼭대기가 구름에 닿은 레바논 백향목이었느니라
Behold, the Assyrian was a cedar in Lebanon with fair branches , and with a shadowing shroud , and of an high stature ; and his top was among the thick boughs .
4. 물들이 그것을 기르며 깊은 물이 그것을 자라게 하며 강들이 그 심긴 곳을 둘러 흐르며 보의 물이 들의 모든 나무에까지 미치매
The waters made him great , the deep set him up on high with her rivers running round about his plants , and sent out her little rivers unto all the trees of the field .
5. 그 나무가 물이 많으므로 키가 들의 모든 나무보다 높으며 굵은 가지가 번성하며 가는 가지가 길게 빼어났고
Therefore his height was exalted above all the trees of the field , and his boughs were multiplied , and his branches became long because of the multitude of waters , when he shot forth .
6. 공중의 모든 새가 그 큰 가지에 깃들이며 들의 모든 짐승이 그 가는 가지 밑에 새끼를 낳으며 모든 큰 나라가 그 그늘 아래 거하였었느니라
All the fowls of heaven made their nests in his boughs , and under his branches did all the beasts of the field bring forth their young , and under his shadow dwelt all great nations .
7. 그 뿌리가 큰 물가에 있으므로 그 나무가 크고 가지가 길어 모양이 아름다우매
Thus was he fair in his greatness , in the length of his branches : for his root was by great waters .
8. 하나님의 동산의 백향목이 능히 그를 가리우지 못하며 잣나무가 그 굵은 가지만 못하며 단풍나무가 그 가는 가지만 못하며 하나님의 동산의 아무 나무도 그 아름다운 모양과 같지 못하였도다
The cedars in the garden of God could not hide him: the fir trees were not like his boughs , and the chesnut trees were not like his branches ; nor any tree in the garden of God was like unto him in his beauty .
9. 내가 그 가지로 많게 하여 모양이 아름답게 하였더니 하나님의 동산 에덴에 있는 모든 나무가지가 다 투기하였느니라
I have made him fair by the multitude of his branches : so that all the trees of Eden , that were in the garden of God , envied him.
10. 그러므로 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 그의 키가 높고 꼭대기가 구름에 닿아서 높이 빼어났으므로 마음이 교만하였은즉
Therefore thus saith the Lord God ; Because thou hast lifted up thyself in height , and he hath shot up his top among the thick boughs , and his heart is lifted up in his height ;
11. 내가 열국의 능한 자의 손에 붙일지라 그가 임의로 대접할 것은 내가 그의 악을 인하여 쫓아내었음이라
I have therefore delivered him into the hand of the mighty one of the heathen ; he shall surely deal with him: I have driven him out for his wickedness .
12. 열국의 강포한 다른 민족이 그를 찍어버렸으므로 그 가는 가지가 산과 모든 골짜기에 떨어졌고 그 굵은 가지가 그 땅 모든 물 가에 꺾어졌으며 세상 모든 백성이 그를 버리고 그 그늘 아래서 떠나매
And strangers , the terrible of the nations , have cut him off , and have left him: upon the mountains and in all the valleys his branches are fallen , and his boughs are broken by all the rivers of the land ; and all the people of the earth are gone down from his shadow , and have left him.
13. 공중의 모든 새가 그 넘어진 나무에 거하며 들의 모든 짐승이 그 가지에 있으리니
Upon his ruin shall all the fowls of the heaven remain , and all the beasts of the field shall be upon his branches :
14. 이는 물 가에 있는 모든 나무로 키가 높다고 교만치 못하게 하며 그 꼭대기로 구름에 닿지 못하게 하며 또 물 대임을 받는 능한 자로 스스로 높아 서지 못하게 함이니 그들을 다 죽는데 붙여서 인생 중 구덩이로 내려가는 자와 함께 지하로 내려가게 하였음이니라
To the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves for their height , neither shoot up their top among the thick boughs , neither their trees stand up in their height , all that drink water : for they are all delivered unto death , to the nether parts of the earth , in the midst of the children of men , with them that go down to the pit .
15. 나 주 여호와가 말하노라 그가 음부에 내려가던 날에 내가 그를 위하여 애곡하게 하며 깊은 바다를 덮으며 모든 강을 쉬게 하며 큰 물을 그치게 하고 레바논으로 그를 위하여 애곡하게 하며 들의 모든 나무로 그로 인하여 쇠잔하게 하였느니라
Thus saith the Lord God ; In the day when he went down to the grave I caused a mourning : I covered the deep for him, and I restrained the floods thereof, and the great waters were stayed : and I caused Lebanon to mourn for him, and all the trees of the field fainted for him.
16. 내가 그로 구덩이에 내려가는 자와 함께 음부에 떨어뜨리던 때에 열국으로 그 떨어지는 소리를 인하여 진동하게 하였고 물 대임을 받은 에덴의 모든 나무 곧 레바논의 뛰어나고 아름다운 나무들로 지하에서 위로를 받게 하였느니라
I made the nations to shake at the sound of his fall , when I cast him down to hell with them that descend into the pit : and all the trees of Eden , the choice and best of Lebanon , all that drink water , shall be comforted in the nether parts of the earth .
17. 그러나 그들도 그와 함께 음부에 내려 칼에 살륙을 당한 자에게 이르렀나니 그들은 옛적에 그의 팔이 된 자요 열국 중에서 그 그늘 아래 거하던 자니라
They also went down into hell with him unto them that be slain with the sword ; and they that were his arm , that dwelt under his shadow in the midst of the heathen .
18. 너의 영화와 광대함이 에덴 모든 나무 중에 어떤 것과 같은고 그러나 네가 에덴 나무와 함께 지하에 내려갈 것이요 거기서 할례 받지 못하고 칼에 살륙 당한 자 중에 누우리라 이들은 바로와 그 모든 군대니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라 하라
To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden ? yet shalt thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth : thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with them that be slain by the sword . This is Pharaoh and all his multitude , saith the Lord God .
■ 주석 보기
【겔31:1 JFB】겔31:1-18. The Overthrow of Egypt Illustrated by That of Assyria.
Not that Egypt was, like Assyria, utterly to cease to be, but it was, like Assyria, to lose its prominence in the empire of the world.
1. third month—two months later than the prophecy delivered in 겔30:20.
【겔31:1 CWC】[JUDGMENTS ON THE GENTILE NATIONS]
The prophet's "dumbness" enjoined in the last chapter, was only towards Hs own people, and the interval was employed in messages touching the Gentiles. These nations might have many charges laid against them but that which concerned a Prophet of Israel chiefly was their treatment of that nation -- see this borne out by the text. Their ruin was to be utter to the end while that of Israel was but temporary.
Seven nations are denounced, "the perfect number, implying that God's judgments would visit not merely these but the whole round of the Gentile world." Babylon is excepted here because she is, for the present, viewed as the rod of God's justice against Israel.
Use the marginal notes of your Bible for light on, the historical references, and the maps for geographical data. A Bible dictionary also would be of much assistance.
"Men of the east" (24:4) means the nomadic tribes beyond the Jordan.
The following from the Scofield Bible recalls earlier teachings. of this commentary: "The prophecies upon Gentile powers (in these chapters) have had partial fulfillments of which history bears witness, but the mention of the 'Day of the Lord' (30:3), makes it evident that a fulfillment in the final sense is still future. These countries are once more to be the battle-ground of the nations."
Tyre. 26-28.
In the first of these chapters we have Tyre's sin (1, 2), her doom and the instruments of its execution (3-14), and the effect of her downfall on the other nations (15-21). In the second, we have a lamentation over the loss of such earthly splendor, and in the third, an elegy addressed to the king on the humiliation of his sacrilegious pride. This last is the most important chapter of the three.
As to the destruction of Tyre, secular history shows how accurately God s word has come to pass. Though thou be sought for, yet shall thou never be found again" (21). This is not to say that there should be no more a lyre, but that there should be no more the Tyre that once was. As a matter of fact there were two Tyres in Ezekiel's time, old Tyre and new Tyre, the first on the main land and the other out in the sea; and as to the first not a vestige of it was left.
Passing over the "lamentation" attention is called to the description of the king of Tyre (28:1-19), which should be read in connection with that of the king of Babylon in Isaiah 14. The comment in that case fits this also, for although these verses are referring to the king of Tyre then reigning, Ithbaal II yet they have evidently an ulterior and fuller accomplishment in Satan, or in his earthly embodiment the beast, or the Antichrist, of 단7:25, 11:36, 37; 살후2:4, and 계13:6. There are many expressions in the chapter which baffle our understanding at present.
Egypt. 29-32.
It should be remembered that "Pharaoh" was a common name of all the kings of Egypt, meaning, as some say "the sun," others, "a crocodile, which was an object of worship by Egyptians. That nation was very prosperous and proud at this period, and no human sagacity could have foreseen its downfall as Ezekiel describes it, and as it came to pass, God's instrument was Babylon (29:19; 30:10), whose work is figuratively set forth in verses 4-12, of which 6 and 7 refer to the false confidence Israel reposed in Egypt during the siege and which was recorded in Isaiah and Jeremiah. Note verses 13-15 in the light of the subsequent history of Egypt, and compare them with the promise to Israel (21). God's covenant with the latter holds good, notwithstanding for the present she is dealt with like the Gentiles. "In that day" means in the fullest sense, the coming Day of the Lord.
Reaching chapter 30 we find two messages, the first (1-19), a repetition with details, of that in 29:1-16; and the second, a vision more particularly against Pharaoh himself.
"Heathen" (3) should be "nations," from which it will be seen that "the judgment on Egypt is the beginning of a world-wide judgment on all the Gentile people considered as God's enemies." "No more a prince of the land of Egypt" (13), means, no more an independent prince ruling the whole country.
Chapter 31 illustrates the overthrow of Egypt by that of Assyria, for although the former was not utterly to cease to be as in the case of the latter, yet it was to lose its prominence as an aspirant for world-dominion. Assyria was overthrown by the Chaldeans or Babylonians, and so Egypt would be.
Chapter 32 includes two lamentations rather than one, a fortnight apart in time, and divided at verse 17. Verse 7 may refer figuratively to the political sky, and yet the thought of supernatural darkness as formerly in 출10:21-23 is not excluded. The second lamentation accompanies Egypt in imagination to the unseen world where she shares the fate of other nations (18 et seq.).
【겔31:1 MHCC】 The glory of Assyria. (겔31:1-9) Its fall, and the like for Egypt. (겔31:10-18)
겔31:1-9 The falls of others, both into sin and ruin, warn us not to be secure or high-minded. The prophet is to show an instance of one whom the king of Egypt resembled in greatness, the Assyrian, compared to a stately cedar. Those who excel others, make themselves the objects of envy; but the blessings of the heavenly paradise are not liable to such alloy. The utmost security that any creature can give, is but like the shadow of a tree, a scanty and slender protection. But let us flee to God for protection, there we shall be safe. His hand must be owned in the rising of the great men of the earth, and we must not envy them. Though worldly people may seem to have firm prosperity, yet it only seems so.
겔31:10-18 The king of Egypt resembled the king of Assyria in his greatness: here we see he resembles him in his pride. And he shall resemble him in his fall. His own sin brings his ruin. None of our comforts are ever lost, but what have been a thousand times forfeited. When great men fall, many fall with them, as many have fallen before them. The fall of proud men is for warning to others, to keep them humble. See how low Pharaoh lies; and see what all his pomp and pride are come to. It is best to be a lowly tree of righteousness, yielding fruit to the glory of God, and to the good of men. The wicked man is often seen flourishing like the cedar, and spreading like the green bay tree, but he soon passes away, and his place is no more found. Let us then mark the perfect man, and behold the upright, for the end of that man is peace.
【겔31:2 JFB】2. Whom art thou like—The answer is, Thou art like the haughty king of Assyria; as he was overthrown by the Chaldeans, so shalt thou be by the same.
【겔31:3 JFB】3. He illustrates the pride and the consequent overthrow of the Assyrian, that Egypt may the better know what she must expect.
cedar in Lebanon—often eighty feet high, and the diameter of the space covered by its boughs still greater: the symmetry perfect. Compare the similar image (겔17:3; 단4:20-22).
with a shadowing shroud—with an overshadowing thicket.
top … among … thick boughs—rather [Hengstenberg], "among the clouds." But English Version agrees better with the Hebrew. The top, or topmost shoot, represents the king; the thick boughs, the large resources of the empire.
【겔31:4 JFB】4. waters … little rivers—the Tigris with its branches and "rivulets," or "conduits" for irrigation, the source of Assyria's fertility. "The deep" is the ever flowing water, never dry. Metaphorically, for Assyria's resources, as the "conduits" are her colonies.
【겔31:5 JFB】5. when he shot forth—because of the abundant moisture which nourished him in shooting forth. But see Margin.
【겔31:6 JFB】6. fowls … made … nests in … boughs—so 겔17:23; 단4:12. The gospel kingdom shall gather all under its covert, for their good and for the glory of God, which the world kingdoms did for evil and for self-aggrandizement (마13:32).
【겔31:8 JFB】8. cedars … could not hide him—could not outtop him. No other king eclipsed him.
were not like—were not comparable to.
garden of God—As in the case of Tyre (겔28:13), the imagery, that is applied to the Assyrian king, is taken from Eden; peculiarly appropriate, as Eden was watered by rivers that afterwards watered Assyria (창2:10-14). This cedar seemed to revive in itself all the glories of paradise, so that no tree there outtopped it.
【겔31:9 JFB】9. I … made him—It was all due to My free grace.
【겔31:10 JFB】10. thou … he—The change of persons is because the language refers partly to the cedar, partly to the person signified by the cedar.
【겔31:11 JFB】11. Here the literal supersedes the figurative.
shall surely deal with him—according to his own pleasure, and according to the Assyrian's (Sardanapalus) desert. Nebuchadnezzar is called "the mighty one" (El, a name of God), because he was God's representative and instrument of judgment (단2:37, 38).
【겔31:12 JFB】12. from his shadow—under which they had formerly dwelt as their covert (겔31:6).
【겔31:13 JFB】13. Birds and beasts shall insult over his fallen trunk.
【겔31:14 JFB】14. trees by the waters—that is, that are plentifully supplied by the waters: nations abounding in resources.
stand up in their height—that is, trust in their height: stand upon it as their ground of confidence. Fairbairn points the Hebrew differently, so as for "their trees," to translate, "(And that none that drink water may stand) on themselves, (because of their greatness)." But the usual reading is better, as Assyria and the confederate states throughout are compared to strong trees. The clause, "All that drink water," marks the ground of the trees' confidence "in their height," namely, that they have ample sources of supply. Maurer, retaining the same Hebrew, translates, "that neither their terebinth trees may stand up in their height, nor all (the other trees) that drink water."
to … nether … earth … pit—(겔32:18; 시82:7).
【겔31:15 JFB】15. covered the deep—as mourners cover their heads in token of mourning, "I made the deep that watered the cedar" to wrap itself in mourning for him. The waters of the deep are the tributary peoples of Assyria (계17:15).
fainted—literally, were "faintness" (itself); more forcible than the verb.
【겔31:16 JFB】16. hell—Sheol or Hades, the unseen world: equivalent to, "I cast him into oblivion" (compare 사14:9-11).
shall be comforted—because so great a king as the Assyrian is brought down to a level with them. It is a kind of consolation to the wretched to have companions in misery.
【겔31:17 JFB】17. his arm, that dwelt under his shadow—those who were the helpers or tool of his tyranny, and therefore enjoyed his protection (for example, Syria and her neighbors). These were sure to share her fate. Compare the same phrase as to the Jews living under the protection of their king (애4:20); both alike "making flesh their arm, and in heart departing from the Lord" (렘17:5).
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.