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■ 예레미야 46장
1. 열국에 대하여 선지자 예레미아에 임한 여호와의 말씀이라
The word of the Lord which came to Jeremiah the prophet against the Gentiles ;
2. 애굽을 논한 것이니 곧 유다 왕 요시야의 아들 여호야김 제사년에 유부라데 하숫가 갈그미스에서 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살에게 패한 애굽 왕 바로느고의 군대에 대한 말씀이라
Against Egypt , against the army of Pharaoh–necho king of Egypt , which was by the river Euphrates in Carchemish , which Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon smote in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah .
3. 너희는 큰 방패, 작은 방패를 예비하고 나가서 싸우라
Order ye the buckler and shield , and draw near to battle .
4. 너희 기병이여 말에 안장을 지워 타며 투구를 쓰고 나서며 창을 갈며 갑옷을 입으라
Harness the horses ; and get up , ye horsemen , and stand forth with your helmets ; furbish the spears , and put on the brigandines .
5. 여호와께서 가라사대 내가 본즉 그들이 놀라 물러가며 그들의 용사는 패하여 급히 도망하며 뒤를 돌아보지 아니함은 어찜인고 두려움이 그들의 사방에 있음이로다 하셨나니
Wherefore have I seen them dismayed and turned away back ? and their mighty ones are beaten down , and are fled apace , and look not back : for fear was round about , saith the Lord .
6. 발이 빠른 자도 도망하지 못하며 용맹이 있는 자도 피하지 못하고 그들이 다 북방에서 유브라데 하숫가에 넘어지며 엎드러지는도다
Let not the swift flee away , nor the mighty man escape ; they shall stumble , and fall toward the north by the river Euphrates .
7. 저 나일의 창일함과 강물의 흉용함 같은 자 누구뇨
Who is this that cometh up as a flood , whose waters are moved as the rivers ?
8. 애굽이 나일의 창일함과 강물의 흉용함 같도다 그가 가로되 내가 일어나 땅을 덮어 성읍들과 그 거민을 멸할 것이라
Egypt riseth up like a flood , and his waters are moved like the rivers ; and he saith , I will go up , and will cover the earth ; I will destroy the city and the inhabitants thereof.
9. 말들아 달리라 병거들아 급히 동하라 용사여 나오라 방패 잡은 구스인과 붓인과 활을 당기는 루딤인이여 나올지니라 하거니와
Come up , ye horses ; and rage , ye chariots ; and let the mighty men come forth ; the Ethiopians and the Libyans , that handle the shield ; and the Lydians , that handle and bend the bow .
10. 그 날은 주 만군의 여호와께서 그 대적에게 원수 갚는 보수일이라 칼이 배부르게 삼키며 그들의 피를 가득히 마시리니 주 만군의 여호와께서 북편 유브라데 하숫가에서 희생을 내실 것임이로다
For this is the day of the Lord God of hosts , a day of vengeance , that he may avenge him of his adversaries : and the sword shall devour , and it shall be satiate and made drunk with their blood : for the Lord God of hosts hath a sacrifice in the north country by the river Euphrates .
11. 처녀 딸 애굽이여 길르앗으로 올라가서 유향을 취하라 네가 많은 의약을 쓸지라도 무효하여 낫지 못하리라
Go up into Gilead , and take balm , O virgin , the daughter of Egypt : in vain shalt thou use many medicines ; for thou shalt not be cured .
12. 네 수치가 열방에 들렸고 네 부르짖음은 땅에 가득하였나니 용사가 용사에게 부딪쳐 둘이 함께 엎드러졌음이니라
The nations have heard of thy shame , and thy cry hath filled the land : for the mighty man hath stumbled against the mighty , and they are fallen both together .
13. 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살이 와서 애굽 땅을 칠 일에 대하여 선지자 예레미아에게 이르신 여호와의 말씀이라
The word that the Lord spake to Jeremiah the prophet , how Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon should come and smite the land of Egypt .
14. 너희는 애굽에 선포하며 믹돌과 놉과 다바네스에 선포하여 말하기를 너희는 굳게 서서 예비하라 네 사방이 칼에 삼키웠느니라
Declare ye in Egypt , and publish in Migdol , and publish in Noph and in Tahpanhes : say ye, Stand fast , and prepare thee; for the sword shall devour round about thee.
15. 너희 장사들이 쓰러짐은 어찜이뇨 그들의 서지 못함은 여호와께서 그들을 몰아내신 연고니라
Why are thy valiant men swept away ? they stood not, because the Lord did drive them.
16. 그가 많은 자로 넘어지게 하시매 사람이 사람 위에 엎드러지며 이르되 일어나라 우리가 포악한 칼을 피하여 우리 민족에게로, 우리 고토로 돌아가자 하며
He made many to fall , yea, one fell upon another : and they said , Arise , and let us go again to our own people , and to the land of our nativity , from the oppressing sword .
17. 거기서 부르짖기를 애굽 왕 바로가 망하였도다 그가 시기를 잃었도다
They did cry there, Pharaoh king of Egypt is but a noise ; he hath passed the time appointed .
18. 만군의 여호와라 일컫는 왕이 가라사대 나의 삶으로 맹세하노니 그가 과연 산들 중의 다볼 같이, 해변의 갈멜 같이 오리라
As I live , saith the King , whose name is the Lord of hosts , Surely as Tabor is among the mountains , and as Carmel by the sea , so shall he come .
19. 애굽에 사는 딸이여 너는 너를 위하여 포로의 행리를 준비하라 놉이 황무하며 불에 타서 거민이 없을 것임이니라
O thou daughter dwelling in Egypt , furnish thyself to go into captivity : for Noph shall be waste and desolate without an inhabitant .
20. 애굽은 심히 아름다운 암송아지라도 북에서부터 멸망에 이르렀고 이르렀느니라
Egypt is like a very fair heifer , but destruction cometh ; it cometh out of the north .
21. 또 그 중의 고용꾼은 외양간의 송아지 같아서 돌이켜 함께 도망하고 서지 못하였나니 재난의 날이 이르렀고 벌 받는 때가 왔음이라
Also her hired men are in the midst of her like fatted bullocks ; for they also are turned back , and are fled away together : they did not stand , because the day of their calamity was come upon them, and the time of their visitation .
22. 애굽의 소리가 뱀의 소리 같으리니 이는 그들의 군대가 벌목하는 자 같이 도끼를 가지고 올 것임이니라
The voice thereof shall go like a serpent ; for they shall march with an army , and come against her with axes , as hewers of wood .
23. 나 여호와가 말하노라 그들이 황충보다 많고 계수할 수 없으므로 조사할 수 없는 그의 수풀을 찍을 것이라
They shall cut down her forest , saith the Lord , though it cannot be searched ; because they are more than the grasshoppers , and are innumerable .
24. 딸 애굽이 수치를 당하여 북방 백성의 손에 붙임을 입으리로다
The daughter of Egypt shall be confounded ; she shall be delivered into the hand of the people of the north .
25. 나 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님이 말하노라 보라 내가 노의 아몬과 바로와 애굽과 애굽 신들과 왕들 곧 바로와 및 그를 의지하는 자들을 벌할 것이라
The Lord of hosts , the God of Israel , saith ; Behold, I will punish the multitude of No , and Pharaoh , and Egypt , with their gods , and their kings ; even Pharaoh , and all them that trust in him:
26. 내가 그들의 생명을 찾는 자의 손 곧 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살의 손과 그 신하들의 손에 붙이리라 그럴지라도 그 후에는 그 땅이 여전히 사람 살 곳이 되리라 여호와의 말이니라
And I will deliver them into the hand of those that seek their lives , and into the hand of Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon , and into the hand of his servants : and afterward it shall be inhabited , as in the days of old , saith the Lord .
27. 내 종 야곱아 두려워 말라 이스라엘아 놀라지 말라 보라 내가 너를 원방에서 구원하며 네 자손을 포로된 땅에서 구원하리니 야곱이 돌아와서 평안히, 정온히 거할것이라 그를 두렵게 할 자 없으리라
But fear not thou, O my servant Jacob , and be not dismayed , O Israel : for, behold, I will save thee from afar off , and thy seed from the land of their captivity ; and Jacob shall return , and be in rest and at ease , and none shall make him afraid .
28. 나 여호와가 말하노라 내 종 야곱아 내가 너와 함께 하나니 두려워 말라 내가 너를 흩었던 그 열방은 다 멸할지라도 너는 아주 멸하지 아니하리라 내가 너를 공도로 징책할 것이요 결코 무죄한 자로 여기지 아니하리라
Fear thou not, O Jacob my servant , saith the Lord : for I am with thee; for I will make a full end of all the nations whither I have driven thee: but I will not make a full end of thee, but correct thee in measure ; yet will I not leave thee wholly unpunished .
■ 주석 보기
【렘46:1 JFB】렘46:1-28. The Prophecies, Forty-sixth through Fifty-second Chapters, Refer to Foreign Peoples.
He begins with Egypt, being the country to which he had been removed. The forty-sixth chapter contains two prophecies concerning it: the discomfiture of Pharaoh-necho at Carchemish by Nebuchadnezzar, and the long subsequent conquest of Egypt by the same king; also the preservation of the Jews (렘46:27, 28).
1. General heading of the next six chapters of prophecies concerning the Gentiles; the prophecies are arranged according to nations, not by the dates.
【렘46:1 MHCC】 The defeat of the Egyptians. (렘46:1-12) Their overthrow after the siege of Tyre. (렘46:13-26) A promise of comfort to the Jews. (렘46:27,28)
렘46:1-12 The whole word of God is against those who obey not the gospel of Christ; but it is for those, even of the Gentiles, who turn to Him. The prophecy begins with Egypt. Let them strengthen themselves with all the art and interest they have, yet it shall be all in vain. The wounds God inflicts on his enemies, cannot be healed by medicines. Power and prosperity soon pass from one to another in this changing world.
렘46:13-28 Those who encroached on others, shall now be themselves encroached on. Egypt is now like a very fair heifer, not accustomed to the yoke of subjection; but destruction comes out of the north: the Chaldeans shall come. Comfort and peace are spoken to the Israel of God, designed to encourage them when the judgments of God were abroad among the nations. He will be with them, and only correct them in measure; and will not punish them with everlasting destruction from his presence.
【렘46:2 JFB】2. Inscription of the first prophecy.
Pharaoh-necho—He, when going against Carchemish (Cercusium, near the Euphrates), encountered Josiah, king of Judah (the ally of Assyria), at Megiddo, and slew him there (왕하23:29; 대하35:20-24); but he was four years subsequently overcome at Carchemish, by Nebuchadnezzar, as is foretold here; and lost all the territory which had been subject to the Pharaohs west of the Euphrates, and between it and the Nile. The prediction would mitigate the Jews' grief for Josiah, and show his death was not to be unavenged (왕하24:7). He is famed as having fitted out a fleet of discovery from the Red Sea, which doubled the Cape of Good Hope and returned to Egypt by the Mediterranean.
【렘46:3 JFB】3. Derisive summons to battle. With all your mighty preparation for the invasion of Nebuchadnezzar, when ye come to the encounter, ye shall be "dismayed" (렘46:5). Your mighty threats shall end in nothing.
buckler—smaller, and carried by the light-armed cavalry.
shield—of larger size, and carried by the heavily armed infantry.
【렘46:4 JFB】4. Harness the horses—namely, to the war chariots, for which Egypt was famed (출14:7; 15:4).
get up, ye horsemen—get up into the chariots. Maurer, because of the parallel "horses," translates, "Mount the steeds." But it is rather describing the successive steps in equipping the war chariots; first harness the horses to them, then let the horsemen mount them.
brigandines—cuirasses, or coats of mail.
【렘46:5 JFB】5. (See on 렘46:3). The language of astonishment, that an army so well equipped should be driven back in "dismay." The prophet sees this in prophetic vision.
fled apace—literally, "fled a flight," that is, flee precipitately.
look not back—They do not even dare to look back at their pursuers.
【렘46:6 JFB】6. Let not—equivalent to the strongest negation. Let not any of the Egyptian warriors think to escape by swiftness or by might.
toward the north—that is, in respect to Egypt or Judea. In the northward region, by the Euphrates (see 렘46:2).
【렘46:7 JFB】7. as a flood—(렘47:2; 사8:7, 8; 단11:22). The figure is appropriate in addressing Egyptians, as the Nile, their great river, yearly overspreads their lands with a turbid, muddy flood. So their army, swelling with arrogance, shall overspread the region south of Euphrates; but it, like the Nile, shall retreat as fast as it advanced.
【렘46:8 JFB】8. Answer to the question in 렘46:7.
waters … moved like the rivers—The rise of the Nile is gentle; but at the mouth it, unlike most rivers, is much agitated, owing to the sandbanks impeding its course, and so it rushes into the sea like a cataract.
【렘46:9 JFB】9. Ironical exhortation, as in 렘46:3. The Egyptians, owing to the heat of their climate and abstinence from animal food, were physically weak, and therefore employed mercenary soldiers.
Ethiopians—Hebrew, Cush: Abyssinia and Nubia.
Libyans—Phut, Mauritania, west of Egypt (compare 창10:6).
shield—The Libyans borrowed from Egypt the use of the long shield extending to the feet [Xenophon, Cyropædia, 6 and 7].
Lydians—not the Lydians west of Asia Minor (창10:22; 겔30:5), but the Ludim, an African nation descended from Egypt (Mizraim) (창10:13; 겔30:5; 나3:9).
handle and bend the bow—The employment of two verbs expresses the manner of bending the bow, namely, the foot being pressed on the center, and the hands holding the ends of it.
【렘46:10 JFB】10. vengeance—for the slaughter of Josiah (왕하23:29).
sword shall devour … be … drunk—poetical personification (신32:42).
a sacrifice—(사34:6; 겔39:17). The slaughter of the Egyptians is represented as a sacrifice to satiate His righteous vengeance.
【렘46:11 JFB】11. Gilead … balm—(See on 렘8:22); namely, for curing the wounds; but no medicine will avail, so desperate shall be the slaughter.
virgin—Egypt is so called on account of her effeminate luxury, and as having never yet been brought under foreign yoke.
thou shalt not be cured—literally, "there shall be no cure for thee" (렘30:13; 겔30:21). Not that the kingdom of Egypt should cease to exist, but it should not recover its former strength; the blow should be irretrievable.
【렘46:12 JFB】12. mighty … stumbled against … mighty … fallen both together—Their very multitude shall prove an impediment in their confused flight, one treading on the other.
【렘46:13 JFB】13-26. Prophecy of the invasion of Egypt by Nebuchadnezzar, which took place sixteen years after the taking of Jerusalem. Having spent thirteen years in the siege of Tyre, and having obtained nothing for his pains, he is promised by God Egypt for his reward in humbling Tyre (겔29:17-20; 30:1-31:18). The intestine commotions between Amasis and Pharaoh-hophra prepared his way (compare Note, see on 사19:1, &c.).
【렘46:14 JFB】14. Declare … publish—as if giving sentence from a tribunal.
Migdol … Noph … Tahpanhes—east, south, and north. He mentions the three other quarters, but omits the west, because the Chaldeans did not advance thither. These cities, too, were the best known to the Jews, as being in their direction.
sword shall devour round about thee—namely, the Syrians, Jews, Moabites, and Ammonites (see on 렘48:1). The exhortation is ironical, as in 렘46:4, 9.
【렘46:15 JFB】15. thy valiant men—manuscripts, the Septuagint, and Vulgate read, "thy valiant one," Apis, the bull-shaped Egyptian idol worshipped at Noph or Memphis. The contrast thus is between the palpable impotence of the idol and the might attributed to it by the worshippers. The Hebrew term, "strong," or "valiant," is applied to bulls (시22:12). Cambyses in his invasion of Egypt destroyed the sacred bull.
drive them—(Compare 렘46:5). The Hebrew word is used of a sweeping rain (잠28:3).
【렘46:16 JFB】16. He—Jehovah.
made many to fall—literally, "multiplied the faller," that is, fallers.
one fell upon another—(렘46:6, 12): even before the enemy strikes them (레26:37).
let us go again to our own people—the language of the confederates and mercenaries, exhorting one another to desert the Egyptian standard, and return to their respective homes (렘46:9, 21).
from the oppressing sword—from the cruel sword, namely, of the Chaldeans (compare 렘25:38).
【렘46:17 JFB】17. there—in their own country severally, the foreign soldiers (렘46:16) cry, "Pharaoh is," &c.
but a noise—He threatens great things, but when the need arises, he does nothing. His threats are mere "noise" (compare 고전13:1). Maurer translates, "is ruined," literally (in appropriate abruptness of language), "Pharaoh, king … ruin." The context favors English Version. His vauntings of what he would do when the time of battle should come have proved to be empty sounds; he hath passed the time appointed (namely, for battle with the Chaldeans).
【렘46:18 JFB】18. As the mountains Tabor and Carmel tower high above the other hills of Palestine, so Nebuchadnezzar (렘46:26) when he comes shall prove himself superior to all his foes. Carmel forms a bold promontory jutting out into the Mediterranean. Tabor is the higher of the two; therefore it is said to be "among the mountains"; and Carmel "by the sea."
the King … Lord of hosts—(렘48:15); in contrast to "Pharaoh king of Egypt … but a noise" (렘46:17). God the true "King … the Lord of hosts," shall cause Nebuchadnezzar to come. Whereas Pharaoh shall not come to battle at the time appointed, notwithstanding his boasts, Nebuchadnezzar shall come according to the prediction of the King, who has all hosts in His power, however ye Egyptians may despise the prediction.
【렘46:19 JFB】19. furnish thyself—literally, "make for thyself vessels" (namely, to contain food and other necessaries for the journey) for captivity.
daughter—so in 렘46:11.
dwelling in Egypt—that is, the inhabitants of Egypt, the Egyptians, represented as the daughter of Egypt (렘48:18; 왕하19:21). "Dwelling" implies that they thought themselves to be securely fixed in their habitations beyond the reach of invasion.
【렘46:20 JFB】20. heifer—wanton, like a fat, untamed heifer (호10:11). Appropriate to Egypt, where Apis was worshipped under the form of a fair bull marked with spots.
destruction—that is, a destroyer: Nebuchadnezzar. Vulgate translates, "a goader," answering to the metaphor, "one who will goad the heifer" and tame her. The Arabic idiom favors this [Rosenmuller].
cometh … cometh—The repetition implies, it cometh surely and quickly (시96:13).
out of the north—(See on 렘1:14; 렘47:2).
【렘46:21 JFB】21. Translate, "Also her hired men (mercenary soldiers, 렘46:9, 16), who are in the midst of her like fatted bullocks, even they also are turned back," that is, shall turn their backs to flee. The same image, "heifer … bullocks" (렘46:20, 21), is applied to Egypt's foreign mercenaries, as to herself. Pampered with the luxuries of Egypt, they become as enervated for battle as the natives themselves.
【렘46:22 JFB】22. The cry of Egypt when invaded shall be like the hissing of a serpent roused by the woodcutters from its lair. No longer shall she loudly roar like a heifer, but with a low murmur of fear, as a serpent hissing.
with axes—the Scythian mode of armor. The Chaldeans shall come with such confidence as if not about to have to fight with soldiers, but merely to cut down trees offering no resistance.
【렘46:23 JFB】23. her forest—(사10:34).
though it cannot be searched—They cut down her forest, dense and unsearchable (욥5:9; 9:10; 36:26) as it may seem: referring to the thickly set cities of Egypt, which were at that time a thousand and twenty. The Hebrew particle is properly, "for," "because."
because—the reason why the Chaldeans shall be able to cut down so dense a forest of cities as Egypt: they themselves are countless in numbers.
grasshoppers—locusts (유6:5).
【렘46:25 JFB】25. multitude—Hebrew, "Amon" (나3:8, Margin, "No-Ammon"), the same as Thebes or Diospolis in Upper Egypt, where Jupiter Ammon had his famous temple. In English Version, "multitude" answers to "populous No" (나3:8; 겔30:15). The reference to "their gods" which follows, makes the translation more likely, "Ammon of No," that is, No and her idol Ammon; so the Chaldee Version. So called either from Ham, the son of Noah; or, the "nourisher," as the word means.
their kings—the kings of the nations in league with Egypt.
【렘46:26 JFB】26. afterward … inhabited—Under Cyrus forty years after the conquest of Egypt by Nebuchadnezzar, it threw off the Babylonian yoke but has never regained its former prowess (렘46:11; 겔29:11-15).
【렘46:27 JFB】27, 28. Repeated from 렘30:10, 11. When the Church (and literal Israel) might seem utterly consumed, there still remains hidden hope, because God, as it were, raises His people from the dead (롬11:15). Whereas the godless "nations" are consumed even though they survive, as are the Egyptians after their overthrow; because they are radically accursed and doomed [Calvin].
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.