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■ 창세기 45장
1. 요셉이 시종하는 자들 앞에서 그 정을 억제하지 못하여 소리질러 모든 사람을 자기에게서 물러가라 하고 그 형제에게 자기를 알리니 때에 그와 함께 한 자가 없었더라
Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried , Cause every man to go out from me. And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren .
2. 요셉이 방성대곡하니 애굽 사람에게 들리며 바로의 궁중에 들리더라
And he wept aloud : and the Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard .
3. 요셉이 그 형들에게 이르되 나는 요셉이라 내 아버지께서 아직 살아 계시니이까 형들이 그 앞에서 놀라서 능히 대답하지 못하는지라
And Joseph said unto his brethren , I am Joseph ; doth my father yet live ? And his brethren could not answer him; for they were troubled at his presence .
4. 요셉이 형들에게 이르되 내게로 가까이 오소서 그들이 가까이 가니 가로되 나는 당신들의 아우 요셉이니 당신들이 애굽에 판 자라
And Joseph said unto his brethren , Come near to me, I pray you. And they came near . And he said , I am Joseph your brother , whom ye sold into Egypt .
5. 당신들이 나를 이곳에 팔았으므로 근심하지 마소서 한탄하지 마소서 하나님이 생명을 구원하시려고 나를 당신들 앞서 보내셨나이다
Now therefore be not grieved , nor angry with yourselves , that ye sold me hither: for God did send me before you to preserve life .
6. 이 땅에 이년 동안 흉년이 들었으나 아직 오년은 기경도 못하고 추수도 못할지라
For these two years hath the famine been in the land : and yet there are five years , in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest .
7. 하나님이 큰 구원으로 당신들의 생명을 보존하고 당신들의 후손을 세상에 두시려고 나를 당신들 앞서 보내셨나니
And God sent me before you to preserve you a posterity in the earth , and to save your lives by a great deliverance .
8. 그런즉 나를 이리로 보낸 자는 당신들이 아니요 하나님이시라 하나님이 나로 바로의 아비를 삼으시며 그 온 집의 주를 삼으시며 애굽 온 땅의 치리자를 삼으셨나이다
So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God : and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh , and lord of all his house , and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt .
9. 당신들은 속히 아버지께로 올라가서 고하기를 아버지의 아들 요셉의 말에 하나님이 나를 애굽 전국의 주로 세우셨으니 내게로 지체말고 내려오사
Haste ye, and go up to my father , and say unto him, Thus saith thy son Joseph , God hath made me lord of all Egypt : come down unto me, tarry not:
10. 아버지의 아들들과 아버지의 손자들과 아버지의 양과 소와 모든 소유가 고센 땅에 있어서 나와 가깝게 하소서
And thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen , and thou shalt be near unto me, thou, and thy children , and thy children’s children , and thy flocks , and thy herds , and all that thou hast:
11. 흉년이 아직 다섯 해가 있으니 내가 거기서 아버지를 봉양하리이다 아버지와 아버지의 가속과 아버지의 모든 소속이 결핍할까 하나이다 하더라 하소서
And there will I nourish thee; for yet there are five years of famine ; lest thou, and thy household , and all that thou hast, come to poverty .
12. 당신들은 눈과 내 아우 베냐민의 눈이 보는 바 당신들에게 이 말을 하는 것은 내 입이라
And, behold, your eyes see , and the eyes of my brother Benjamin , that it is my mouth that speaketh unto you.
13. 당신들은 나의 애굽에서의 영화와 당신들의 본 모든 것을 다 내 아버지께 고하고 속히 모시고 내려오소서 하며
And ye shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt , and of all that ye have seen ; and ye shall haste and bring down my father hither.
14. 자기 아우 베냐민의 목을 안고 우니 베냐민도 요셉의 목을 안고 우니라
And he fell upon his brother Benjamin’s neck , and wept ; and Benjamin wept upon his neck .
15. 요셉이 또 형들과 입맞추며 안고 우니 형들이 그제야 요셉과 말하니라
Moreover he kissed all his brethren , and wept upon them: and after that his brethren talked with him.
16. 요셉의 형들이 왔다는 소문이 바로의 궁에 들리매 바로와 그 신복이 기뻐하고
And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh’s house , saying , Joseph’s brethren are come : and it pleased Pharaoh well , and his servants .
17. 바로는 요셉에게 이르되 네 형들에게 명하기를 너희는 이렇게 하여 너희 양식을 싣고 가서 가나안 땅에 이르거든
And Pharaoh said unto Joseph , Say unto thy brethren , This do ye; lade your beasts , and go , get you unto the land of Canaan ;
18. 너희 아비와 너희 가속을 이끌고 내게로 오라 내가 너희에게 애굽 땅 아름다운 것을 주리니 너희가 나라의 기름진 것을 먹으리라
And take your father and your households , and come unto me: and I will give you the good of the land of Egypt , and ye shall eat the fat of the land .
19. 이제 명을 받았으니 이렇게 하라 너희는 애굽 땅에서 수레를 가져다가 너희 자녀와 아내를 태우고 너희 아비를 데려오라
Now thou art commanded , this do ye; take you wagons out of the land of Egypt for your little ones , and for your wives , and bring your father , and come .
20. 또 너희의 기구를 아끼지 말라 온 애굽 땅의 좋은 것이 너희 것임이니라 하라
Also regard not your stuff ; for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours.
21. 이스라엘의 아들들이 그대로 할새 요셉이 바로의 명대로 그들에게로 수레를 주고 길 양식을 주며
And the children of Israel did so: and Joseph gave them wagons , according to the commandment of Pharaoh , and gave them provision for the way .
22. 또 그들에게 다 각기 옷 한 벌씩 주되 베냐민에게는 은 삼백과 옷 다섯 벌을 주고
To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment ; but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver , and five changes of raiment .
23. 그가 또 이와 같이 그 아비에게 보내되 수나귀 열 필에 애굽의 아름다운 물품을 실리고 암나귀 열 필에는 아비에게 길에서 공궤할 곡식과 떡과 양식을 실리고
And to his father he sent after this manner; ten asses laden with the good things of Egypt , and ten she asses laden with corn and bread and meat for his father by the way .
24. 이에 형들을 돌려 보내며 그들에게 이르되 당신들은 노중에서 다투지 말라 하였더라
So he sent his brethren away , and they departed : and he said unto them, See that ye fall not out by the way .
25. 그들이 애굽에서 올라와 가나안 땅으로 들어가서 아비 야곱에게 이르러
And they went up out of Egypt , and came into the land of Canaan unto Jacob their father ,
26. 고하여 가로되 요셉이 지금까지 살아 있어 애굽 땅 총리가 되었더이다 야곱이 그들을 믿지 아니하므로 기색하더니
And told him, saying , Joseph is yet alive , and he is governor over all the land of Egypt . And Jacob’s heart fainted , for he believed them not.
27. 그들이 또 요셉이 자기들에게 부탁한 모든 말로 그 아비에게 고하매 그 아비 야곱이 요셉의 자기를 태우려고 보낸 수레를 보고야 기운이 소생한지라
And they told him all the words of Joseph , which he had said unto them: and when he saw the wagons which Joseph had sent to carry him, the spirit of Jacob their father revived :
28. 이스라엘이 가로되 족하도다 내 아들 요셉이 지금까지 살았으니 내가 죽기 전에 가서 그를 보리라
And Israel said , It is enough ; Joseph my son is yet alive : I will go and see him before I die .
■ 주석 보기
【창45:1 JFB】창45:1-28. Joseph Making Himself Known.
1. Then Joseph could not refrain himself—The severity of the inflexible magistrate here gives way to the natural feelings of the man and the brother. However well he had disciplined his mind, he felt it impossible to resist the artless eloquence of Judah. He saw a satisfactory proof, in the return of all his brethren on such an occasion, that they were affectionately united to one another; he had heard enough to convince him that time, reflection, or grace had made a happy improvement on their characters; and he would probably have proceeded in a calm and leisurely manner to reveal himself as prudence might have dictated. But when he heard the heroic self-sacrifice of Judah [창44:33] and realized all the affection of that proposal—a proposal for which he was totally unprepared—he was completely unmanned; he felt himself forced to bring this painful trial to an end.
he cried, Cause every man to go out from me—In ordering the departure of witnesses of this last scene, he acted as a warm-hearted and real friend to his brothers—his conduct was dictated by motives of the highest prudence—that of preventing their early iniquities from becoming known either to the members of his household, or among the people of Egypt.
【창45:1 CWC】[JOSEPH'S HISTORY]
The general familiarity with these chapters warrants the grouping of them in one lesson, especially as there is little requiring explanation within our present scope.
1. Loved and Hated, 37.
It may seem foolish for Joseph to have made known his dreams to his brethren, and thus increase their enmity against him, but we should consider God's purpose in the matter, whether Joseph understood it or not. In the outcome it was important that they should know these dreams, which were really prophecies, in advance of their fulfillment for the sake of the moral effect upon them.
In this chapter it will be seen that the merchantmen are called both Ishmaelites and Midianites, both being in the company, perhaps, as their territories were contiguous in Arabia.
2. Sold Into Slavery, 39.
Note the faith and piety of Joseph as indicated in v. 9, in language unlike anything hitherto recorded of the patriarchs. Note too that according to v. 20 Potiphar must have doubted the truth of his wife's charge, or else he would probably have executed Joseph.
3. Falsely Imprisoned, 40.
This chapter is chiefly notable for the further evidence it gives of Joseph's intimate acquaintance with and faith in God, and the close dealings of God with him in the revelation of these things.
4. Exalted to the Throne, 41.
Note Pharaoh's testimony to Joseph's power with God (38), not that he himself knew the true God, but that he witnessed to the power Joseph had with the God he (Joseph) served. How does this incident in Joseph's life illustrate 딤전4:8, last clause?
The name given Joseph by Pharaoh merits attention notwithstanding the difficulty in its interpretation. The Revised Version spells it "Zaphenathpaneah," but it is not determined whether it is of Hebrew, Egyptian or Coptic derivation. If the first it may mean "Revealer of secrets"; if the second, "Bread of Life"; if the third, "Saviour of the world"; all bearing on the same thought and any of them both significant and appropriate.
5. Dealing with His Brethren, 42 to 44.
The details of these chapters show the purpose of Joseph to "multiply unlooked for events and complicate the situation for his brethren, both to awaken their conviction of wrongdoing in the past and an expectation of something still more mysterious, whether good or bad, in the future" - thus preparing them for the great revelation soon to be made.
In chapter 44:17, 18 the reference to the three days is important for its bearing on the death and resurrection of Christ. It will be well to note, for example, the vague way of the Hebrews in using the words. According to our usage, had Joseph's brethren been imprisoned three days it would not have been until the fourth day that he changed his plan, but instead of that they were shut up but two nights and the intermediate day, with parts of the first and third days. This was the time Jesus was in the grave, so that there is no more reason to accuse the Bible of inaccuracy or contradiction in the one case than in the other. (Studies in Genesis, in loco.)
6. Revealing Himself to His Brethren, 45.
Why was Pharaoh so pleased to have Jacob and his family settle in Egypt? To show appreciation of Joseph? Yes, and for other reasons. It was not merely three-score and six souls that constituted the whole encampment of Jacob, but between three and four thousand souls, if we count all their dependents, which was a valuable accession to any nation when we consider the character of the people.
And there may have been another reason still, if it be true that the reigning dynasty at this time was the Hyksos or Shepherd kings, i. e., Syrians or Asiatics who centuries before had invaded and seized upon the kingdom, and so were unpopular with the native races. It would be a great advantage to them to have so powerful an accession of Asiatics as Jacob's tribe represented, not only to increase their riches but to "give additional firmness to the throne against the discontent and disturbance of the native races."
7. Settling the Family in Goshen, 46 to 48.
Note the suitableness of Goshen as a place of settlement for the Israelites. In the first place, it afforded good pasturage and they were shepherds, but in some parts of it there was excellent tillage as well. In the next place, its location near the Isthmus of Suez, - made it easy to depart from later on when the necessity was so great. And last, but not least, it was a location where the least offense would be given to the native races, and there was reason for such offense because shepherds were held in abomination by them. Their subjugation by a shepherd race explains this in part, but there was another reason in that the Egyptians for religious reasons did not eat flesh. They worshipped the beasts which the Israelites ate and offered in sacrifice to God.
How long did Jacob live in Egypt (47:28)? What solemn promise did he extract from Joseph just prior to his death (29-31)? Do you think this expressed only the natural desire to be buried with his own people, or did it express faith in the divine promise that his seed should ultimately inherit Canaan?
【창45:1 MHCC】Joseph let Judah go on, and heard all he had to say. He found his brethren humbled for their sins, mindful of himself, for Judah had mentioned him twice in his speech, respectful to their father, and very tender of their brother Benjamin. Now they were ripe for the comfort he designed, by making himself known. Joseph ordered all his attendants to withdraw. Thus Christ makes himself and his loving-kindness known to his people, out of the sight and hearing of the world. Joseph shed tears of tenderness and strong affection, and with these threw off that austerity with which he had hitherto behaved toward his brethren. This represents the Divine compassion toward returning penitents. “I am Joseph, your brother.” This would humble them yet more for their sin in selling him, but would encourage them to hope for kind treatment. Thus, when Christ would convince Paul, he said, I am Jesus; and when he would comfort his disciples, he said, It is I, be not afraid. When Christ manifests himself to his people, he encourages them to draw near to him with a true heart. Joseph does so, and shows them, that whatever they thought to do against him, God had brought good out of it. Sinners must grieve and be angry with themselves for their sins, though God brings good out of it, for that is no thanks to them. The agreement between all this, and the case of a sinner, on Christ's manifesting himself to his soul, is very striking. He does not, on this account, think sin a less, but a greater evil; and yet he is so armed against despair, as even to rejoice in what God hath wrought, while he trembles in thinking of the dangers and destruction from which he has escaped. Joseph promises to take care of his father and all the family. It is the duty of children, if the necessity of their parents at any time require it, to support and supply them to the utmost of their ability; this is showing piety at home, 딤전5:4. After Joseph had embraced Benjamin, he caressed them all, and then his brethren talked with him freely of all the affairs of their father's house. After the tokens of true reconciliation with the Lord Jesus, sweet communion with him follows.
【창45:2 JFB】2. he wept aloud—No doubt, from the fulness of highly excited feelings; but to indulge in vehement and long-continued transports of sobbing is the usual way in which the Orientals express their grief.
【창45:3 JFB】3. I am Joseph—or, "terrified at his presence." The emotions that now rose in his breast as well as that of his brethren—and chased each other in rapid succession—were many and violent. He was agitated by sympathy and joy; they were astonished, confounded, terrified; and betrayed their terror, by shrinking as far as they could from his presence. So "troubled" were they, that he had to repeat his announcement of himself; and what kind, affectionate terms he did use. He spoke of their having sold him—not to wound their feelings, but to convince them of his identity; and then, to reassure their minds, he traced the agency of an overruling Providence, in his exile and present honor [창35:5-7]. Not that he wished them to roll the responsibility of their crime on God; no, his only object was to encourage their confidence and induce them to trust in the plans he had formed for the future comfort of their father and themselves.
【창45:6 JFB】6. and yet there are five years, in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest—"Ear" is an old English word, meaning "to plough" (compare 삼상8:12; 사30:24). This seems to confirm the view given (창41:57) that the famine was caused by an extraordinary drought, which prevented the annual overflowing of the Nile; and of course made the land unfit to receive the seed of Egypt.
【창45:14 JFB】14, 15. And he fell upon … Benjamin's neck—The sudden transition from a condemned criminal to a fondled brother, might have occasioned fainting or even death, had not his tumultuous feelings been relieved by a torrent of tears. But Joseph's attentions were not confined to Benjamin. He affectionately embraced every one of his brothers in succession; and by those actions, his forgiveness was demonstrated more fully than it could be by words.
【창45:16 MHCC】Pharaoh was kind to Joseph, and to his relations for his sake. Egypt would make up the losses of their removal. Thus those for whom Christ intends his heavenly glory, ought not to regard the things of this world. The best of its enjoyments are but lumber; we cannot make sure of them while here, much less can we carry them away with us. Let us not set our eyes or hearts upon the world; there are better things for us in that blessed land, whither Christ, our Joseph, is gone to prepare a place. Joseph dismissed his brethren with a seasonable caution, “See that ye fall not out by the way.” He knew they were too apt to be quarrelsome; and having forgiven them all, he lays this charge upon them, not to upbraid one another. This command our Lord Jesus has given to us, that we love one another, and that whatever happens, or has happened, we fall not out. For we are brethren, we have all one Father. We are all guilty, and instead of quarrelling with one another, have reason to fall out with ourselves. We are, or hope to be, forgiven of God, whom we have all offended, and, therefore, should be ready to forgive one another. We are “by the way,” a way through the land of Egypt, where we have many eyes upon us, that seek advantage against us; a way that leads to the heavenly Canaan, where we hope to be for ever in perfect peace.
【창45:17 JFB】17-20. Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Say unto thy brethren—As Joseph might have been prevented by delicacy, the king himself invited the patriarch and all his family to migrate into Egypt; and he made most liberal arrangements for their removal and their subsequent settlement. It displays the character of this Pharaoh to advantage, that he was so kind to the relatives of Joseph; but indeed the greatest liberality he could show could never recompense the services of so great a benefactor of his kingdom.
【창45:21 JFB】21. Joseph gave them wagons—which must have been novelties in Palestine; for wheeled carriages were almost unknown there.
【창45:22 JFB】22. changes of raiment—It was and is customary, with great men, to bestow on their friends dresses of distinction, and in places where they are of the same description and quality, the value of these presents consists in their number. The great number given to Benjamin bespoke the warmth of his brother's attachment to him; and Joseph felt, from the amiable temper they now all displayed, he might, with perfect safety, indulge this fond partiality for his mother's son.
【창45:23 JFB】23. to his father he sent—a supply of everything that could contribute to his support and comfort—the large and liberal scale on which that supply was given being intended, like the five messes of Benjamin, as a token of his filial love [see on 창43:34].
【창45:24 JFB】24. so he sent his brethren away—In dismissing them on their homeward journey, he gave them this particular admonition:
See that ye fall not out by the way—a caution that would be greatly needed; for not only during the journey would they be occupied in recalling the parts they had respectively acted in the events that led to Joseph's being sold into Egypt, but their wickedness would soon have to come to the knowledge of their venerable father.
【창45:25 MHCC】To hear that Joseph is alive, is too good news to be true; Jacob faints, for he believes it not. We faint, because we do not believe. At length, Jacob is convinced of the truth. Jacob was old, and did not expect to live long. He says, Let my eyes be refreshed with this sight before they are closed, and then I need no more to make me happy in this world. Behold Jesus manifesting himself as a Brother and a Friend to those who once were his despisers, his enemies. He assures them of his love and the riches of his grace. He commands them to lay aside envy, anger, malice, and strife, and to live in peace with each other. He teaches them to give up the world for him and his fulness. He supplies all that is needful to bring them home to himself, that where he is they may be also. And though, when he at last sends for his people, they may for a time feel some doubts and fears, yet the thought of seeing his glory and of being with him, will enable them to say, It is enough, I am willing to die; and I go to see, and to be with the Beloved of my soul.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.