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■ 창세기 43장
1. 그 땅에 기근이 심하고
And the famine was sore in the land .
2. 그들이 애굽에서 가져온 곡식을 다 먹으매 그 아비가 그들에게 이르되 다시 가서 우리를 위하여 양식을 조금 사라
And it came to pass, when they had eaten up the corn which they had brought out of Egypt , their father said unto them, Go again , buy us a little food .
3. 유다가 아비에게 말하여 가로되 그 사람이 엄히 우리에게 경계하여 가로되 너희 아우가 너희와 함께 하지 아니하면 너희가 내 얼굴을 보지 못하리라 하였으니
And Judah spake unto him, saying , The man did solemnly protest unto us, saying , Ye shall not see my face , except your brother be with you.
4. 아버지께서 우리 아우를 우리와 함께 보내시면 우리가 내려가서 아버지를 위하여 양식을 사려니와
If thou wilt send our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee food :
5. 아버지께서 만일 그를 보내지 않으시면 우리는 내려가지 아니하리니 그 사람이 우리에게 말하기를 너희 아우가 너희와 함께하지 아니하면 너희가 내 얼굴을 보지 못하리라 하였음이니이다
But if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down : for the man said unto us, Ye shall not see my face , except your brother be with you.
6. 이스라엘이 가로되 너희가 어찌하여 너희에게 오히려 아우가 있다고 그 사람에게 고하여 나를 해롭게 하였느냐
And Israel said , Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to tell the man whether ye had yet a brother ?
7. 그들이 가로되 그 사람이 우리와 우리의 친족에 대하여 자세히 힐문하여 이르기를 너희 아버지가 그저 살았느냐 너희에게 아우가 있느냐 하기로 그 말을 조조이 그에게 대답한 것이라 그가 너희 아우를 데리고 내려오라 할 줄을 우리가 어찌 알았으리이까
And they said , The man asked us straitly of our state, and of our kindred , saying , Is your father yet alive ? have ye another brother ? and we told him according to the tenor of these words : could we certainly know that he would say , Bring your brother down ?
8. 유다가 아비 이스라엘에게 이르되 저 아이를 나와 함께 보내시면 우리가 곧 가리니 그러면 우리와 아버지와 우리 어린 것들이 다 살고 죽지 아니하리이다
And Judah said unto Israel his father , Send the lad with me, and we will arise and go ; that we may live , and not die , both we, and thou, and also our little ones .
9. 내가 그의 몸을 담보하오리니 아버지께서 내 손에 그를 물으소서 내가 만일 그를 아버지께 데려다가 아버지 앞에 두지 아니하면 내가 영원히 죄를 지리이다
I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him: if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee , then let me bear the blame for ever :
10. 우리가 지체하지 아니하였더면 벌써 두 번 갔다 왔으리이다.
For except we had lingered , surely now we had returned this second time .
11. 그들의 아비 이스라엘이 그들에게 이르되 그러할진대 이렇게 하라 너희는 이 땅의 아름다운 소산을 그릇에 담아가지고 내려가서그 사람에게 예물을 삼을지니 곧 유향 조금과 꿀 조금과 향품과 몰약과 비자와 파단행이니라
And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now , do this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels , and carry down the man a present , a little balm , and a little honey , spices , and myrrh , nuts , and almonds :
12. 너희 손에 돈을 배나 가지고 너희 자루 아구에 도로 넣여 온 그 돈을 다시 가지고 가라 혹 차착이 있었을까 두렵도다
And take double money in your hand ; and the money that was brought again in the mouth of your sacks , carry it again in your hand ; peradventure it was an oversight :
13. 네 아우도 데리고 떠나 다시 그 사람에게로 가라
Take also your brother , and arise , go again unto the man :
14. 전능하신 하나님께서 그 사람 앞에서 너희에게 은혜를 베푸사 그사람으로 너희 다른 형제와 베냐민을 돌려보내게 하시기를 원하노라 내가 자식을 잃게 되면 잃으리로다
And God Almighty give you mercy before the man , that he may send away your other brother , and Benjamin . If I be bereaved of my children, I am bereaved .
15. 그 사람들이 그 예물을 취하고 갑절 돈을 자기들의 손에 가지고 베냐민을 데리고 애굽에 내려가서 요셉의 앞에 서니라
And the men took that present , and they took double money in their hand , and Benjamin ; and rose up , and went down to Egypt , and stood before Joseph .
16. 요셉이 베냐민이 그들과 함께 있음을 보고 청지기에게 이르되 이사람들을 집으로 인도해 들이고 짐승을 잡고 준비하라 이 사람들이 오정에 나와 함께 먹을 것이니라
And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the ruler of his house , Bring these men home , and slay , and make ready ; for these men shall dine with me at noon .
17. 그 사람이 요셉의 명대로 하여 그 사람들을 요셉의 집으로 인도 하니
And the man did as Joseph bade ; and the man brought the men into Joseph’s house .
18. 그 사람들이 요셉의 집으로 인도되매 두려워하여 이르되 전일 우리 자루에 넣여 있던 돈의 일로 우리가 끌려드도다 이는 우리를 억류하고 달려들어 우리를 잡아 노예를 삼고 우리의 나귀를 빼앗으려 함이로다 하고
And the men were afraid , because they were brought into Joseph’s house ; and they said , Because of the money that was returned in our sacks at the first time are we brought in ; that he may seek occasion against us, and fall upon us, and take us for bondmen , and our asses .
19. 그들이 요셉의 청지기에게 가까이 나아가 그 집 문 앞에서 그에게 고하여
And they came near to the steward of Joseph’s house , and they communed with him at the door of the house ,
20. 가로되 내 주여 우리가 전일에 내려와서 양식을 사가지고
And said , O sir , we came indeed down at the first time to buy food :
21. 객점에 이르러 자루를 풀어본즉 각인의 돈이 본수대로 자루 아구에 있기로 우리가 도로 가져왔고
And it came to pass, when we came to the inn , that we opened our sacks , and, behold, every man’s money was in the mouth of his sack , our money in full weight : and we have brought it again in our hand .
22. 양식 살 다른 돈도 우리가 가지고 내려왔나이다 우리의 돈을 우리 자루에 넣은 자는 누구인지 우리가 알지 못하나이다
And other money have we brought down in our hands to buy food : we cannot tell who put our money in our sacks .
23. 그가 이르되 너희는 안심하라 두려워 말라 너희 하나님 너희 아버지의 하나님이 재물을 너희 자루에 넣어 너희에게 주신 것이니라 너희 돈은 내가 이미 받았느니라 하고 시므온을 그들에게로 이끌어 내고
And he said , Peace be to you, fear not: your God , and the God of your father , hath given you treasure in your sacks : I had your money . And he brought Simeon out unto them.
24. 그들을 요셉의 집으로 인도하고 물을 주어 발을 씻게 하며 그 나귀에게 먹이를 주더라
And the man brought the men into Joseph’s house , and gave them water , and they washed their feet ; and he gave their asses provender .
25. 그들이 여기서 먹겠다 함을 들으므로 예물을 정돈하고 요셉이 오정에 오기를 기다리더니
And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon : for they heard that they should eat bread there.
26. 요셉이 집으로 오매 그들이 그 집으로 들어가서 그 예물을 그에게 드리고 땅에 엎드리어 절하니
And when Joseph came home , they brought him the present which was in their hand into the house , and bowed themselves to him to the earth .
27. 요셉이 그들의 안부를 물으며 가로되 너희 아버지 너희가 말하던 그 노인이 안녕하시냐 지금까지 생존하셨느냐
And he asked them of their welfare , and said , Is your father well , the old man of whom ye spake ? Is he yet alive ?
28. 그들이 대답하되 주의 종 우리 아비가 평안하고 지금까지 생존하였나이다 하고 머리 숙여 절하더라
And they answered , Thy servant our father is in good health , he is yet alive . And they bowed down their heads , and made obeisance .
29. 요셉이 눈을 들어 자기 어머니의 아들 자기 동생 베냐민을 보고 가로되 너희가 내게 말하던 너희 작은 동생이 이냐 그가 또 가로되 소자여 하나님이 네게 은혜 베푸시기를 원하노라
And he lifted up his eyes , and saw his brother Benjamin , his mother’s son , and said , Is this your younger brother , of whom ye spake unto me? And he said , God be gracious unto thee, my son .
30. 요셉이 아우를 인하여 마음이 타는듯 하므로 급히 울 곳을 찾아 안방으로 들어가서 울고
And Joseph made haste ; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother : and he sought where to weep ; and he entered into his chamber , and wept there.
31. 얼굴을 씻고 나와서 그 정을 억제하고 음식을 차리라 하매
And he washed his face , and went out , and refrained himself, and said , Set on bread .
32. 그들이 요셉에게 따로 하고 그 형제들에게 따로 하고 배식하는 애굽 사람에게도 따로 하니 애굽 사람은 히브리 사람과 같이 먹으면 부정을 입음이었더라
And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves, and for the Egyptians , which did eat with him, by themselves: because the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews ; for that is an abomination unto the Egyptians .
33. 그들이 요셉의 앞에 앉되 그 장유의 차서대로 앉히운바 되니 그들이 서로 이상히 여겼더라
And they sat before him , the firstborn according to his birthright , and the youngest according to his youth : and the men marvelled one at another .
34. 요셉이 자기 식물로 그들에게 주되 베냐민에게는 다른 사람보다 오배나 주매 그들이 마시며 요셉과 함께 즐거워하였더라
And he took and sent messes unto them from before him : but Benjamin’s mess was five times so much as any of theirs. And they drank , and were merry with him.
■ 주석 보기
【창43:1 JFB】창43:1-14. Preparations for a Second Journey to Egypt.
【창43:1 CWC】[JOSEPH'S HISTORY]
The general familiarity with these chapters warrants the grouping of them in one lesson, especially as there is little requiring explanation within our present scope.
1. Loved and Hated, 37.
It may seem foolish for Joseph to have made known his dreams to his brethren, and thus increase their enmity against him, but we should consider God's purpose in the matter, whether Joseph understood it or not. In the outcome it was important that they should know these dreams, which were really prophecies, in advance of their fulfillment for the sake of the moral effect upon them.
In this chapter it will be seen that the merchantmen are called both Ishmaelites and Midianites, both being in the company, perhaps, as their territories were contiguous in Arabia.
2. Sold Into Slavery, 39.
Note the faith and piety of Joseph as indicated in v. 9, in language unlike anything hitherto recorded of the patriarchs. Note too that according to v. 20 Potiphar must have doubted the truth of his wife's charge, or else he would probably have executed Joseph.
3. Falsely Imprisoned, 40.
This chapter is chiefly notable for the further evidence it gives of Joseph's intimate acquaintance with and faith in God, and the close dealings of God with him in the revelation of these things.
4. Exalted to the Throne, 41.
Note Pharaoh's testimony to Joseph's power with God (38), not that he himself knew the true God, but that he witnessed to the power Joseph had with the God he (Joseph) served. How does this incident in Joseph's life illustrate 딤전4:8, last clause?
The name given Joseph by Pharaoh merits attention notwithstanding the difficulty in its interpretation. The Revised Version spells it "Zaphenathpaneah," but it is not determined whether it is of Hebrew, Egyptian or Coptic derivation. If the first it may mean "Revealer of secrets"; if the second, "Bread of Life"; if the third, "Saviour of the world"; all bearing on the same thought and any of them both significant and appropriate.
5. Dealing with His Brethren, 42 to 44.
The details of these chapters show the purpose of Joseph to "multiply unlooked for events and complicate the situation for his brethren, both to awaken their conviction of wrongdoing in the past and an expectation of something still more mysterious, whether good or bad, in the future" - thus preparing them for the great revelation soon to be made.
In chapter 44:17, 18 the reference to the three days is important for its bearing on the death and resurrection of Christ. It will be well to note, for example, the vague way of the Hebrews in using the words. According to our usage, had Joseph's brethren been imprisoned three days it would not have been until the fourth day that he changed his plan, but instead of that they were shut up but two nights and the intermediate day, with parts of the first and third days. This was the time Jesus was in the grave, so that there is no more reason to accuse the Bible of inaccuracy or contradiction in the one case than in the other. (Studies in Genesis, in loco.)
6. Revealing Himself to His Brethren, 45.
Why was Pharaoh so pleased to have Jacob and his family settle in Egypt? To show appreciation of Joseph? Yes, and for other reasons. It was not merely three-score and six souls that constituted the whole encampment of Jacob, but between three and four thousand souls, if we count all their dependents, which was a valuable accession to any nation when we consider the character of the people.
And there may have been another reason still, if it be true that the reigning dynasty at this time was the Hyksos or Shepherd kings, i. e., Syrians or Asiatics who centuries before had invaded and seized upon the kingdom, and so were unpopular with the native races. It would be a great advantage to them to have so powerful an accession of Asiatics as Jacob's tribe represented, not only to increase their riches but to "give additional firmness to the throne against the discontent and disturbance of the native races."
7. Settling the Family in Goshen, 46 to 48.
Note the suitableness of Goshen as a place of settlement for the Israelites. In the first place, it afforded good pasturage and they were shepherds, but in some parts of it there was excellent tillage as well. In the next place, its location near the Isthmus of Suez, - made it easy to depart from later on when the necessity was so great. And last, but not least, it was a location where the least offense would be given to the native races, and there was reason for such offense because shepherds were held in abomination by them. Their subjugation by a shepherd race explains this in part, but there was another reason in that the Egyptians for religious reasons did not eat flesh. They worshipped the beasts which the Israelites ate and offered in sacrifice to God.
How long did Jacob live in Egypt (47:28)? What solemn promise did he extract from Joseph just prior to his death (29-31)? Do you think this expressed only the natural desire to be buried with his own people, or did it express faith in the divine promise that his seed should ultimately inherit Canaan?
【창43:1 MHCC】Jacob urges his sons to go and buy a little food; now, in time of dearth, a little must suffice. Judah urges that Benjamin should go with them. It is not against the honour and duty children owe their parents, humbly to advise them, and when needful, to reason with them. Jacob saw the necessity of the case, and yielded. His prudence and justice appeared in three things. 1. He sent back the money they had found in the sack. Honesty obliges us to restore not only that which comes to us by our own fault, but that which comes to us by the mistakes of others. Though we get it by oversight, if we keep it when the oversight is discovered, it is kept by deceit. 2. He sent as much again as they took the time before; the price of corn might be risen, or they might have to pay a ransom for Simeon. 3. He sent a present of such things as the land afforded, and as were scarce in Egypt, balm, and honey, &c. Providence dispenses not its gifts to all alike. But honey and spice will never make up the want of bread-corn. The famine was sore in Canaan, yet they had balm and myrrh, &c. We may live well enough upon plain food, without dainties; but we cannot live upon dainties without plain food. Let us thank God that what is most needful and useful, generally is most cheap and common. Though men value very highly their gold and silver, and the luxuries which are counted the best fruits of every land, yet in a time of famine they willingly barter them for bread. And how little will earthly good things stand us in stead in the day of wrath! How ready should we be to renounce them all, as loss, for the excellency of the knowledge of Jesus Christ! Our way to prevail with man is by first prevailing with the Lord in fervent prayer. But, Thy will be done, should close every petition for the mercies of this life, or against the afflictions of this life.
【창43:2 JFB】2. their father said, … Go again, buy us a little food—It was no easy matter to bring Jacob to agree to the only conditions on which his sons could return to Egypt (창42:15). The necessity of immediately procuring fresh supplies for the maintenance of themselves and their families overcame every other consideration and extorted his consent to Benjamin joining in a journey, which his sons entered on with mingled feelings of hope and anxiety—of hope, because having now complied with the governor's demand to bring down their youngest brother, they flattered themselves that the alleged ground of suspecting them would be removed; and of apprehension that some ill designs were meditated against them.
【창43:11 JFB】11. take of the best fruits … a present—It is an Oriental practice never to approach a man of power without a present, and Jacob might remember how he pacified his brother (잠21:14)—balm, spices, and myrrh (see on 창37:25),
honey—which some think was dibs, a syrup made from ripe dates [Bochart]; but others, the honey of Hebron, which is still valued as far superior to that of Egypt;
nuts—pistachio nuts, of which Syria grows the best in the world;
almonds—which were most abundant in Palestine.
【창43:12 JFB】12. take double money—the first sum to be returned, and another sum for a new supply. The restored money in the sacks' mouth was a perplexing circumstance. But it might have been done inadvertently by one of the servants—so Jacob persuaded himself—and happy it was for his own peace and the encouragement of the travellers that he took this view. Besides the duty of restoring it, honesty in their case was clearly the best, the safest policy.
【창43:14 JFB】14. God Almighty give you mercy before the man—Jacob is here committing them all to the care of God and, resigned to what appears a heavy trial, prays that it may be overruled for good.
【창43:15 JFB】창43:15-30. Arrival in Egypt.
15. stood before Joseph—We may easily imagine the delight with which, amid the crowd of other applicants, the eye of Joseph would fix on his brethren and Benjamin. But occupied with his public duties, he consigned them to the care of a confidential servant till he should have finished the business of the day.
【창43:15 MHCC】Jacob's sons went down the second time into Egypt to buy corn. If we should ever know what a famine of the word means, let us not think it much to travel as far for spiritual food, as they did for bodily food. Joseph's steward had orders from his master to take them to his house. Even this frightened them. Those that are guilty make the worst of every thing. But the steward encouraged them. It appears, from what he said, that by his good master he was brought to the knowledge of the true God, the God of the Hebrews. Religious servants should take all fit occasions to speak of God and his providence, with reverence and seriousness.
【창43:16 JFB】16. ruler of his house—In the houses of wealthy Egyptians one upper man servant was intrusted with the management of the house (compare 창39:5).
slay, and make ready—Hebrew, "kill a killing"—implying preparations for a grand entertainment (compare 창31:54; 삼상25:11; 잠9:2; 마22:4). The animals have to be killed as well as prepared at home. The heat of the climate requires that the cook should take the joints directly from the hands of the flesher, and the Oriental taste is, from habit, fond of newly killed meat. A great profusion of viands, with an inexhaustible supply of vegetables, was provided for the repasts, to which strangers were invited, the pride of Egyptian people consisting rather in the quantity and variety than in the choice or delicacy of the dishes at their table.
dine … at noon—The hour of dinner was at midday.
【창43:18 JFB】18. the men were afraid—Their feelings of awe on entering the stately mansion, unaccustomed as they were to houses at all, their anxiety at the reasons of their being taken there, their solicitude about the restored money, their honest simplicity in communicating their distress to the steward and his assurances of having received their money in "full weight," the offering of their fruit present, which would, as usual, be done with some parade, and the Oriental salutations that passed between their host and them—are all described in a graphic and animated manner.
【창43:26 MHCC】Observe the great respect Joseph's brethren paid to him. Thus were Joseph's dreams more and more fulfilled. Joseph showed great kindness to them. He treated them nobly; but see here the early distance between Jews and gentiles. In a day of famine, it is enough to be fed; but they were feasted. Their cares and fears were now over, and they ate their bread with joy, reckoning they were upon good terms with the lord of the land. If God accept our works, our present, we have reason to be cheerful. Joseph showed special regard for Benjamin, that he might try whether his brethren would envy him. It must be our rule, to be content with what we have, and not to grieve at what others have. Thus Jesus shows those whom he loves, more and more of their need. He makes them see that he is their only refuge from destruction. He overcomes their unwillingness, and brings them to himself. Then, as he sees good, he gives them some taste of his love, and welcomes them to the provisions of his house, as an earnest of what he further intends for them.
【창43:31 JFB】창43:31-34. The Dinner.
31. Joseph said, Set on bread—equivalent to having dinner served, "bread" being a term inclusive of all victuals. The table was a small stool, most probably the usual round form, "since persons might even then be seated according to their rank or seniority, and the modern Egyptian table is not without its post of honor and a fixed gradation of place" [Wilkinson]. Two or at most three persons were seated at one table. But the host being the highest in rank of the company had a table to himself; while it was so arranged that an Egyptian was not placed nor obliged to eat from the same dish as a Hebrew.
【창43:32 JFB】32. Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews; for that is an abomination—The prejudice probably arose from the detestation in which, from the oppressions of the shepherd-kings, the nation held all of that occupation.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.