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■ 창세기 42장
1. 때에 야곱이 애굽에 곡식이 있음을 보고 아들들에게 이르되 너희는 어찌하여 서로 관망 만하느냐
Now when Jacob saw that there was corn in Egypt , Jacob said unto his sons , Why do ye look one upon another?
2. 야곱이 또 이르되 내가 들은즉 저 애굽에 곡식이 있다 하니 너희는 그리로 가서 거기서 우리를 위하여 사오라 그리하면 우리가 살고 죽지 아니하리라 하매
And he said , Behold, I have heard that there is corn in Egypt : get you down thither, and buy for us from thence; that we may live , and not die .
3. 요셉의 형 십 인이 애굽에서 곡식을 사려고 내려 갔으나
And Joseph’s ten brethren went down to buy corn in Egypt .
4. 야곱이 요셉의 아우 베냐민을 그 형들과 함께 보내지 아니하였으니 이는 그의 말이 재난이 그에게 미칠까 두렵다 함이었더라
But Benjamin , Joseph’s brother , Jacob sent not with his brethren ; for he said , Lest peradventure mischief befall him .
5. 이스라엘의 아들들이 양식 사러간 자 중에 있으니 가나안 땅에 기근이 있음이라
And the sons of Israel came to buy corn among those that came : for the famine was in the land of Canaan .
6. 때에 요셉이 나라의 총리로서 그 땅 모든 백성에게 팔더니 요셉의 형들이 와서 그 앞에서 땅에 엎드려 절하매
And Joseph was the governor over the land , and he it was that sold to all the people of the land : and Joseph’s brethren came , and bowed down themselves before him with their faces to the earth .
7. 요셉이 보고 형들인줄 아나 모르는체 하고 엄한 소리로 그들에게 말하여 가로되 너희가 어디서 왔느냐 그들이 가로되 곡물을 사려고 가나안에서 왔나이다
And Joseph saw his brethren , and he knew them, but made himself strange unto them, and spake roughly unto them; and he said unto them, Whence come ye? And they said , From the land of Canaan to buy food .
8. 요셉은 그 형들을 아나 그들은 요셉을 알지 못하더라
And Joseph knew his brethren , but they knew not him.
9. 요셉이 그들에게 대하여 꾼 꿈을 생각하고 그들에게 이르되 너희는 정탐들이라 이 나라의 틈을 엿보려고 왔느니라
And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them, Ye are spies ; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come .
10. 그들이 그에게 이르되 내 주여 아니니이다 종들은 곡물을 사러 왔나이다
And they said unto him, Nay, my lord , but to buy food are thy servants come .
11. 우리는 다 한 사람의 아들로서 독실한 자니 종들은 정탐이 아니니이다
We are all one man’s sons ; we are true men, thy servants are no spies .
12. 요셉이 그들에게 이르되 아니라 너희가 이 나라의 틈을 엿보러 왔느니라
And he said unto them, Nay, but to see the nakedness of the land ye are come .
13. 그들이 가로되 주의 종 우리들은 십이 형제로서 가나안 땅 한 사람의 아들들이라 말째 아들은 오늘 아버지와 함께 있고 또 하나는 없어졌나이다
And they said , Thy servants are twelve brethren , the sons of one man in the land of Canaan ; and, behold, the youngest is this day with our father , and one is not.
14. 요셉이 그들에게 이르되 내가 너희에게 이르기를 너희는 정탐들이라 한 말이 이것이니라
And Joseph said unto them, That is it that I spake unto you, saying , Ye are spies :
15. 너희는 이같이 하여 너희 진실함을 증명할 것이라 바로의 생명으로 맹세하노니 너희 말째 아우가 여기 오지 아니하면 너희가 여기서 나가지 못하리라
Hereby ye shall be proved : By the life of Pharaoh ye shall not go forth hence, except your youngest brother come hither.
16. 너희 중 하나를 보내어 너희 아우를 데려오게 하고 너희는 갇히어 있으라 내가 너희의 말을 시험하여 너희 중에 진실이 있는지 보리라 바로의 생명으로 맹세하노니 그리하지 아니하면 너희는 과연 정탐이니라 하고
Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother , and ye shall be kept in prison , that your words may be proved , whether there be any truth in you: or else by the life of Pharaoh surely ye are spies .
17. 그들을 다 함께 삼일을 가두었더라
And he put them all together into ward three days .
18. 삼일만에 요셉이 그들에게 이르되 나는 하나님을 경외하노니 너희는 이같이 하여 생명을 보전하라
And Joseph said unto them the third day , This do , and live ; for I fear God :
19. 너희가 독실한 자이면 너희 형제 중 한 사람만 그 옥에 갇히게 하고 너희는 곡식을 가지고 가서 너희 집들의 주림을 구하고
If ye be true men, let one of your brethren be bound in the house of your prison : go ye, carry corn for the famine of your houses :
20. 너희 말째 아우를 내게로 데리고 오라 그리하면 너희 말이 진실함이 되고 너희가 죽지 아니하리라 그들이 그대로 하니라
But bring your youngest brother unto me; so shall your words be verified , and ye shall not die . And they did so.
21. 그들이 서로 말하되 우리가 아우의 일로 인하여 범죄하였도다 그가 우리에게 애걸할 때에 그 마음의 괴로움을 보고도 듣지 아니하였으므로 이 괴로움이 우리에게 임하도다
And they said one to another , We are verily guilty concerning our brother , in that we saw the anguish of his soul , when he besought us, and we would not hear ; therefore is this distress come upon us.
22. 르우벤이 그들에게 대답하여 가로되 내가 너희더러 그 아이에게 득죄하지 말라고 하지 아니하였느냐 그래도 너희가 듣지 아니하였느니라 그러므로 그의 피 값을 내게 되었도다 하니
And Reuben answered them, saying , Spake I not unto you, saying , Do not sin against the child ; and ye would not hear ? therefore, behold, also his blood is required .
23. 피차간에 통변을 세웠으므로 그들은 요셉이 그 말을 알아 들은 줄을 알지 못하였더라
And they knew not that Joseph understood them; for he spake unto them by an interpreter .
24. 요셉이 그들을 떠나 가서 울고 다시 돌아와서 그들과 말하다가 그들 중에서 시므온을 취하여 그들의 목전에서 결박하고
And he turned himself about from them, and wept ; and returned to them again , and communed with them, and took from them Simeon , and bound him before their eyes .
25. 명하여 곡물을 그 그릇에 채우게 하고 각인의 돈은 그 자루에 도로 넣게 하고 또 길 양식을 그들에게 주게 하니 그대로 행하였더라
Then Joseph commanded to fill their sacks with corn , and to restore every man’s money into his sack , and to give them provision for the way : and thus did he unto them.
26. 그들이 곡식을 나귀에 싣고 그 곳을 떠났더니
And they laded their asses with the corn , and departed thence.
27. 한 사람이 객점에서 나귀에게 먹이를 주려고 자루를 풀고 본즉 그 돈이 자루 아구에 있는지라
And as one of them opened his sack to give his ass provender in the inn , he espied his money ; for, behold, it was in his sack’s mouth .
28. 그가 그 형제에게 고하되 내 돈을 도로 넣었도다 보라 자루 속에 있도다 이에 그들이 혼이 나서 떨며 서로 돌아보며 말하되 하나님이 어찌하여 우리에게 이 일을 행하셨는고 하고
And he said unto his brethren , My money is restored ; and, lo , it is even in my sack : and their heart failed them, and they were afraid , saying one to another , What is this that God hath done unto us?
29. 그들이 가나안 땅에 돌아와 그 아비 야곱에게 이르러 그 만난 일을 자세히 고하여 가로되
And they came unto Jacob their father unto the land of Canaan , and told him all that befell unto them; saying ,
30. 그 땅의 주 그 사람이 엄히 우리에게 말씀하고 우리를 그 나라 정탐자로 여기기로
The man , who is the lord of the land , spake roughly to us, and took us for spies of the country .
31. 우리가 그에게 이르되 우리는 독실한 자요 정탐이 아니니이다
And we said unto him, We are true men; we are no spies :
32. 우리는 한 아비의 아들 십이 형제로서 하나는 없어지고 말째는 오늘 우리 아버지와 함께 가나안 땅에 있나이다 하였더니
We be twelve brethren , sons of our father ; one is not, and the youngest is this day with our father in the land of Canaan .
33. 그 땅의 주 그 사람이 우리에게 이르되 내가 이같이 하여 너희가 독실한 자임을 알리니 너희 형제 중 하나를 내게 두고 양식을 가지고 가서 너희 집들의 주림을 구하고
And the man , the lord of the country , said unto us, Hereby shall I know that ye are true men; leave one of your brethren here with me, and take food for the famine of your households , and be gone :
34. 너희 말째 아우를 내게로 데려오라 그리하면 너희가 정탐이 아니요 독실한 자임을 내가 알고 너희 형제를 너희에게 돌리리니 너희가 이 나라에서 무역하리라 하더이다 하고
And bring your youngest brother unto me: then shall I know that ye are no spies , but that ye are true men: so will I deliver you your brother , and ye shall traffick in the land .
35. 각기 자루를 쏟고 본즉 각인의 돈뭉치가 그 자루 속에 있는지라 그들과 그 아비가 돈 뭉치를 보고 다 두려워하더니
And it came to pass as they emptied their sacks , that, behold, every man’s bundle of money was in his sack : and when both they and their father saw the bundles of money , they were afraid .
36. 그 아비 야곱이 그들에게 이르되 너희가 나로 나의 자식들을 잃게 하도다 요셉도 없어졌고 시므온도 없어졌거늘 베냐민을 또 빼앗아 가고자 하니 이는 다 나를 해롭게 함이로다
And Jacob their father said unto them, Me have ye bereaved of my children: Joseph is not, and Simeon is not, and ye will take Benjamin away: all these things are against me.
37. 르우벤이 아비에게 고하여 가로되 내가 그를 아버지께로 데리고 오지 아니하거든 나의 두 아들을 죽이소서 그를 내 손에 맡기소서 내가 그를 아버지께로 데리고 돌아오리이다
And Reuben spake unto his father , saying , Slay my two sons , if I bring him not to thee: deliver him into my hand , and I will bring him to thee again .
38. 야곱이 가로되 내 아들은 너희와 함께 내려가지 못하리니 그의 형은 죽고 그만 남았음이라 만일 너희 행하는 길에서 재난이 그 몸에 미치면 너희가 나의 흰 머리로 슬피 음부로 내려가게 함이 되리라
And he said , My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead , and he is left alone: if mischief befall him by the way in the which ye go , then shall ye bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave .
■ 주석 보기
【창42:1 JFB】창42:1-38. Journey into Egypt.
1. Now when Jacob saw that there was corn in Egypt—learned from common rumor. It is evident from Jacob's language that his own and his sons' families had suffered greatly from the scarcity; and through the increasing severity of the scourge, those men, who had formerly shown both activity and spirit, were sinking into despondency. God would not interpose miraculously when natural means of preservation were within reach.
【창42:1 CWC】[JOSEPH'S HISTORY]
The general familiarity with these chapters warrants the grouping of them in one lesson, especially as there is little requiring explanation within our present scope.
1. Loved and Hated, 37.
It may seem foolish for Joseph to have made known his dreams to his brethren, and thus increase their enmity against him, but we should consider God's purpose in the matter, whether Joseph understood it or not. In the outcome it was important that they should know these dreams, which were really prophecies, in advance of their fulfillment for the sake of the moral effect upon them.
In this chapter it will be seen that the merchantmen are called both Ishmaelites and Midianites, both being in the company, perhaps, as their territories were contiguous in Arabia.
2. Sold Into Slavery, 39.
Note the faith and piety of Joseph as indicated in v. 9, in language unlike anything hitherto recorded of the patriarchs. Note too that according to v. 20 Potiphar must have doubted the truth of his wife's charge, or else he would probably have executed Joseph.
3. Falsely Imprisoned, 40.
This chapter is chiefly notable for the further evidence it gives of Joseph's intimate acquaintance with and faith in God, and the close dealings of God with him in the revelation of these things.
4. Exalted to the Throne, 41.
Note Pharaoh's testimony to Joseph's power with God (38), not that he himself knew the true God, but that he witnessed to the power Joseph had with the God he (Joseph) served. How does this incident in Joseph's life illustrate 딤전4:8, last clause?
The name given Joseph by Pharaoh merits attention notwithstanding the difficulty in its interpretation. The Revised Version spells it "Zaphenathpaneah," but it is not determined whether it is of Hebrew, Egyptian or Coptic derivation. If the first it may mean "Revealer of secrets"; if the second, "Bread of Life"; if the third, "Saviour of the world"; all bearing on the same thought and any of them both significant and appropriate.
5. Dealing with His Brethren, 42 to 44.
The details of these chapters show the purpose of Joseph to "multiply unlooked for events and complicate the situation for his brethren, both to awaken their conviction of wrongdoing in the past and an expectation of something still more mysterious, whether good or bad, in the future" - thus preparing them for the great revelation soon to be made.
In chapter 44:17, 18 the reference to the three days is important for its bearing on the death and resurrection of Christ. It will be well to note, for example, the vague way of the Hebrews in using the words. According to our usage, had Joseph's brethren been imprisoned three days it would not have been until the fourth day that he changed his plan, but instead of that they were shut up but two nights and the intermediate day, with parts of the first and third days. This was the time Jesus was in the grave, so that there is no more reason to accuse the Bible of inaccuracy or contradiction in the one case than in the other. (Studies in Genesis, in loco.)
6. Revealing Himself to His Brethren, 45.
Why was Pharaoh so pleased to have Jacob and his family settle in Egypt? To show appreciation of Joseph? Yes, and for other reasons. It was not merely three-score and six souls that constituted the whole encampment of Jacob, but between three and four thousand souls, if we count all their dependents, which was a valuable accession to any nation when we consider the character of the people.
And there may have been another reason still, if it be true that the reigning dynasty at this time was the Hyksos or Shepherd kings, i. e., Syrians or Asiatics who centuries before had invaded and seized upon the kingdom, and so were unpopular with the native races. It would be a great advantage to them to have so powerful an accession of Asiatics as Jacob's tribe represented, not only to increase their riches but to "give additional firmness to the throne against the discontent and disturbance of the native races."
7. Settling the Family in Goshen, 46 to 48.
Note the suitableness of Goshen as a place of settlement for the Israelites. In the first place, it afforded good pasturage and they were shepherds, but in some parts of it there was excellent tillage as well. In the next place, its location near the Isthmus of Suez, - made it easy to depart from later on when the necessity was so great. And last, but not least, it was a location where the least offense would be given to the native races, and there was reason for such offense because shepherds were held in abomination by them. Their subjugation by a shepherd race explains this in part, but there was another reason in that the Egyptians for religious reasons did not eat flesh. They worshipped the beasts which the Israelites ate and offered in sacrifice to God.
How long did Jacob live in Egypt (47:28)? What solemn promise did he extract from Joseph just prior to his death (29-31)? Do you think this expressed only the natural desire to be buried with his own people, or did it express faith in the divine promise that his seed should ultimately inherit Canaan?
【창42:1 MHCC】Jacob saw the corn his neighbours had bought in Egypt, and brought home. It is a spur to exertion to see others supplied. Shall others get food for their souls, and shall we starve while it is to be had? Having discovered where help is to be had, we should apply for it without delay, without shrinking from labour, or grudging expense, especially as regards our never-dying souls. There is provision in Christ; but we must come to him, and seek it from him.
【창42:5 JFB】5. the famine was in the land of Canaan—The tropical rains, which annually falling swell the Nile, are those of Palestine also; and their failure would produce the same disastrous effects in Canaan as in Egypt. Numerous caravans of its people, therefore, poured over the sandy desert of Suez, with their beasts of burden, for the purchase of corn; and among others, "the sons of Israel" were compelled to undertake a journey from which painful associations made them strongly averse.
【창42:6 JFB】6. Joseph was the governor—in the zenith of his power and influence.
he it was that sold—that is, directed the sales; for it is impossible that he could give attendance in every place. It is probable, however, that he may have personally superintended the storehouses near the border of Canaan, both because that was the most exposed part of the country and because he must have anticipated the arrival of some messengers from his father's house.
Joseph's brethren came, and bowed down themselves before him—His prophetic dreams [창37:5-11] were in the course of being fulfilled, and the atrocious barbarity of his brethren had been the means of bringing about the very issue they had planned to prevent (사60:14; 계3:9, last clause).
【창42:7 JFB】7, 8. Joseph saw his brethren, and he knew them, … but they knew not him—This is not strange. They were full-grown men—he was but a lad at parting. They were in their usual garb—he was in his official robes. They never dreamt of him as governor of Egypt, while he had been expecting them. They had but one face; he had ten persons to judge by.
made himself strange unto them, and spake roughly—It would be an injustice to Joseph's character to suppose that this stern manner was prompted by any vindictive feelings—he never indulged any resentment against others who had injured him. But he spoke in the authoritative tone of the governor in order to elicit some much-longed-for information respecting the state of his father's family, as well as to bring his brethren, by their own humiliation and distress, to a sense of the evils they had done to him.
【창42:7 MHCC】Joseph was hard upon his brethren, not from a spirit of revenge, but to bring them to repentance. Not seeing his brother Benjamin, he suspected that they had made away with him, and he gave them occasion to speak of their father and brother. God, in his providence, sometimes seems harsh with those he loves, and speaks roughly to those for whom yet he has great mercy in store. Joseph settled at last, that one of them should be left, and the rest go home and fetch Benjamin. It was a very encouraging word he said to them, “I fear God;” as if he had said, You may be assured I will do you no wrong; I dare not, for I know there is one higher than I. With those that fear God, we may expect fair dealing.
【창42:9 JFB】9-14. Ye are spies—This is a suspicion entertained regarding strangers in all Eastern countries down to the present day. Joseph, however, who was well aware that his brethren were not spies, has been charged with cruel dissimulation, with a deliberate violation of what he knew to be the truth, in imputing to them such a character. But it must be remembered that he was sustaining the part of a ruler; and, in fact, acting on the very principle sanctioned by many of the sacred writers, and our Lord Himself, who spoke parables (fictitious stories) to promote a good end.
【창42:15 JFB】15. By the life of Pharaoh—It is a very common practice in Western Asia to swear by the life of the king. Joseph spoke in the style of an Egyptian and perhaps did not think there was any evil in it. But we are taught to regard all such expressions in the light of an oath (마5:34; 약5:12).
【창42:17 JFB】17-24. put them … into ward three days—Their confinement had been designed to bring them to salutary reflection. And this object was attained, for they looked upon the retributive justice of God as now pursuing them in that foreign land. The drift of their conversation is one of the most striking instances on record of the power of conscience [창42:21, 22].
【창42:21 MHCC】The office of conscience is to bring to mind things long since said and done. When the guilt of this sin of Joseph's brethren was fresh, they made light of it, and sat down to eat bread; but now, long afterward, their consciences accused them of it. See the good of afflictions; they often prove the happy means of awakening conscience, and bringing sin to our remembrance. Also, the evil of guilt as to our brethren. Conscience now reproached them for it. Whenever we think we have wrong done us, we ought to remember the wrong we have done to others. Reuben alone remembered with comfort, that he had done what he could to prevent the mischief. When we share with others in their sufferings, it will be a comfort if we have the testimony of our consciences for us, that we did not share in their evil deeds, but in our places witnessed against them. Joseph retired to weep. Though his reason directed that he should still carry himself as a stranger, because they were not as yet humbled enough, yet natural affection could not but work.
【창42:24 JFB】24. took … Simeon, and bound him—He had probably been the chief instigator—the most violent actor in the outrage upon Joseph; and if so, his selection to be the imprisoned and fettered hostage for their return would, in the present course of their reflections, have a painful significance.
【창42:25 JFB】25-28. Joseph commanded to fill their sacks with corn, and to restore every man's money—This private generosity was not an infringement of his duty—a defrauding of the revenue. He would have a discretionary power—he was daily enriching the king's exchequer—and he might have paid the sum from his own purse.
【창42:25 MHCC】The brethren came for corn, and corn they had: not only so, but every man had his money given back. Thus Christ, like Joseph, gives out supplies without money and without price. The poorest are invited to buy. But guilty consciences are apt to take good providences in a bad sense; to put wrong meanings even upon things that make for them.
【창42:27 JFB】27. inn—a mere station for baiting beasts of burden.
he espied his money—The discovery threw them into greater perplexity than ever. If they had been congratulating themselves on escaping from the ruthless governor, they perceived that now he would have a handle against them; and it is observable that they looked upon this as a judgment of heaven. Thus one leading design of Joseph was gained in their consciences being roused to a sense of guilt.
【창42:29 MHCC】Here is the report Jacob's sons made to their father. It troubled the good man. Even the bundles of money Joseph returned, in kindness, to his father, frightened him. He laid the fault upon his sons; knowing them, he feared they had provoked the Egyptians, and wrongfully brought home their money. Jacob plainly distrusted his sons, remembering that he never saw Joseph since he had been with them. It is bad with a family, when children behave so ill that their parents know not how to trust them. Jacob gives up Joseph for gone, and Simeon and Benjamin as in danger; and concludes, All these things are against me. It proved otherwise, that all these things were for him, were working together for his good, and the good of his family. We often think that to be against us, which is really for us. We are afflicted in body, estate, name, and in our relations; and think all these things are against us, whereas they are really working for us a weight of glory. Thus does the Lord Jesus conceal himself and his favour, thus he rebukes and chastens those for whom he has purposes of love. By sharp corrections and humbling convictions he will break the stoutness and mar the pride of the heart, and bring to true repentance. Yet before sinners fully know him, or taste that he is gracious, he consults their good, and sustains their souls, to wait for him. May we do thus, never yielding to discouragement, determining to seek no other refuge, and humbling ourselves more and more under his mighty hand. In due time he will answer our petitions, and do for us more than we can expect.
【창42:35 JFB】35. as they emptied their sacks, that, behold, every man's … money was in his sack—It appears that they had been silent about the money discovery at the resting-place, as their father might have blamed them for not instantly returning. However innocent they knew themselves to be, it was universally felt to be an unhappy circumstance, which might bring them into new and greater perils.
【창42:36 JFB】36. Me have ye bereaved—This exclamation indicates a painfully excited state of feeling, and it shows how difficult it is for even a good man to yield implicit submission to the course of Providence. The language does not imply that his missing sons had got foul play from the hands of the rest, but he looks upon Simeon as lost, as well as Joseph, and he insinuates it was by some imprudent statements of theirs that he was exposed to the risk of losing Benjamin also.
【창42:37 JFB】37. Reuben spake, … Slay my two sons, if I bring him not to thee—This was a thoughtless and unwarrantable condition—one that he never seriously expected his father would accept. It was designed only to give assurance of the greatest care being taken of Benjamin. But unforeseen circumstances might arise to render it impossible for all of them to preserve that young lad (약4:13), and Jacob was much pained by the prospect. Little did he know that God was dealing with him severely, but in kindness (히12:7, 8), and that all those things he thought against Him were working together for his good.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.