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■ 창세기 38장
1. 그 후에 유다가 자기 형제에게서 내려가서 아둘람 사람 히라에게로 나아가니라
And it came to pass at that time , that Judah went down from his brethren , and turned in to a certain Adullamite , whose name was Hirah .
2. 유다가 거기서 가나안 사람 수아라 하는 자의 딸을 보고 그를 취하여 동침하니
And Judah saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite , whose name was Shuah ; and he took her , and went in unto her.
3. 그가 잉태하여 아들을 낳으매 유다가 그 이름을 엘이라 하니라
And she conceived , and bare a son ; and he called his name Er .
4. 그가 다시 잉태하여 아들을 낳고 그 이름을 오난이라 하고
And she conceived again, and bare a son ; and she called his name Onan .
5. 그가 또 다시 아들을 낳고 그 이름을 셀라라 하니라 그가 셀라를 낳을 때에 유다는 거십에 있었더라
And she yet again conceived , and bare a son ; and called his name Shelah : and he was at Chezib , when she bare him.
6. 유다가 장자 엘을 위하여 아내를 취하니 그 이름은 다말이더라
And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn , whose name was Tamar .
7. 유다의 장자 엘이 여호와 목전에 악하므로 여호와께서 그를 죽이신지라
And Er , Judah’s firstborn , was wicked in the sight of the Lord ; and the Lord slew him.
8. 유다가 오난에게 이르되 네 형수에게로 들어가서 남편의 아우의 본분을 행하여 네 형을 위하여 씨가 있게 하라
And Judah said unto Onan , Go in unto thy brother’s wife , and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother .
9. 오난이 그 씨가 자기 것이 되지 않을 줄 알므로 형수에게 들어갔을 때에 형에게 아들을 얻게 아니하려고 땅에 설정하매
And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother’s wife , that he spilled it on the ground , lest that he should give seed to his brother .
10. 그 일이 여호와 목전에 악하므로 여호와께서 그도 죽이시니
And the thing which he did displeased the Lord : wherefore he slew him also.
11. 유다가 그 며느리 다말에게 이르되 수절하고 네 아비 집에 있어서 내 아들 셀라가 장성하기를 기다리라 하니 셀라도 그 형들 같이 죽을까 염려함이라 다말이 가서 그 아비 집에 있으니라
Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter in law , Remain a widow at thy father’s house , till Shelah my son be grown : for he said , Lest peradventure he die also, as his brethren did. And Tamar went and dwelt in her father’s house .
12. 얼마 후에 유다의 아내 수아의 딸이 죽은지라 유다가 위로를 받은 후에 그 친구 아둘람 사람 히라와 함께 딤나로 올라가서 자기 양털 깍는 자에게 이르렀더니
And in process of time the daughter of Shuah Judah’s wife died ; and Judah was comforted , and went up unto his sheepshearers to Timnath , he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite .
13. 혹이 다말에게 고하되 네 시부가 자기 양털을 깎으려고 딤나에 올라왔다 한지라
And it was told Tamar , saying , Behold thy father in law goeth up to Timnath to shear his sheep .
14. 그가 그 과부의 의복을 벗고 면박으로 얼굴을 가리고 몸을 휩싸고 딤나 길 곁 에나임 문에 앉으니 이는 셀라가 장성함을 보았어도 자기를 그의 아내로 주지 않음을 인함이라
And she put her widow’s garments off from her, and covered her with a vail , and wrapped herself , and sat in an open place , which is by the way to Timnath ; for she saw that Shelah was grown , and she was not given unto him to wife .
15. 그가 얼굴을 가리웠으므로 유다가 그를 보고 창녀로 여겨
When Judah saw her , he thought her to be an harlot ; because she had covered her face .
16. 길 곁으로 그에게 나아가 가로되 청컨대 나로 네게 들어가게 하라 하니 그 자부인줄 알지 못하였음이라 그가 가로되 당신이 무엇을 주고 내게 들어 오려느냐
And he turned unto her by the way , and said , Go to , I pray thee, let me come in unto thee; (for he knew not that she was his daughter in law .) And she said , What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me?
17. 유다가 가로되 내가 내 떼에서 염소 새끼를 주리라 그가 가로되 당신이 그것을 줄 때까지 약조물을 주겠느냐
And he said , I will send thee a kid from the flock . And she said , Wilt thou give me a pledge , till thou send it?
18. 유다가 가로되 무슨 약조물을 네게 주랴 그가 가로되 당신의 도장과 그 끈과 당신의 손에 있는 지팡이로 하라 유다가 그것들을 그에게 주고 그에게로 들어갔더니 그가 유다로 말미암아 잉태하였더라
And he said , What pledge shall I give thee? And she said , Thy signet , and thy bracelets , and thy staff that is in thine hand . And he gave it her, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him.
19. 그가 일어나 떠나가서 그 면박을 벗고 과부의 의복을 도로 입으니라
And she arose , and went away , and laid by her vail from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood .
20. 유다가 그 친구 아둘람 사람의 손에 부탁하여 염소 새끼를 보내고 그 여인의 손에서 약조물을 찾으려 하였으나 그가 그 여인을 찾지 못한지라
And Judah sent the kid by the hand of his friend the Adullamite , to receive his pledge from the woman’s hand : but he found her not.
21. 그가 그곳 사람에게 물어 가로되 길 곁 에나임에 있던 창녀가 어디 있느냐 그들이 가로되 여기는 창녀가 없느니라
Then he asked the men of that place , saying , Where is the harlot , that was openly by the way side ? And they said , There was no harlot in this place.
22. 그가 유다에게로 돌아와 가로되 내가 그를 찾지 못하고 그곳 사람도 이르기를 여기는 창녀가 없다 하더라
And he returned to Judah , and said , I cannot find her; and also the men of the place said , that there was no harlot in this place.
23. 유다가 가로되 그로 그것을 가지게 두라 우리가 부끄러움을 당할까 하노라 내가 이 염소 새끼를 보내었으나 그대가 그를 찾지 못하였느니라
And Judah said , Let her take it to her, lest we be shamed : behold, I sent this kid , and thou hast not found her.
24. 석 달쯤 후에 혹이 유다에게 고하여 가로되 네 며느리 다말이 행음하였고 그 행음함을 인하여 잉태하였느니라 유다가 가로되 그를 끌어 내어 불사르라
And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah , saying , Tamar thy daughter in law hath played the harlot ; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom . And Judah said , Bring her forth , and let her be burnt .
25. 여인이 끌려 나갈 때에 보내어 시부에게 이르되 이 물건 임자로 말미암아 잉태하였나이다 청컨대 보소서 이 도장과 그 끈과 지팡이가 뉘 것이니이까 한지라
When she was brought forth , she sent to her father in law , saying , By the man , whose these are, am I with child : and she said , Discern , I pray thee, whose are these, the signet , and bracelets , and staff .
26. 유다가 그것들을 알아보고 가로되 그는 나보다 옳도다 내가 그를 내 아들 셀라에게 주지 아니하였음이로다 하고 다시는 그를 가까이 하지 아니하였더라
And Judah acknowledged them, and said , She hath been more righteous than I; because that I gave her not to Shelah my son . And he knew her again no more.
27. 임산하여 보니 쌍태라
And it came to pass in the time of her travail , that, behold, twins were in her womb .
28. 해산할 때에 손이 나오는지라 산파가 가로되 이는 먼저 나온 자라 하고 홍사를 가져 그 손에 매었더니
And it came to pass, when she travailed , that the one put out his hand : and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread , saying , This came out first .
29. 그 손을 도로 들이며 그 형제가 나오는지라 산파가 가로되 네가 어찌하여 터치고 나오느냐 한고로 그 이름을 베레스라 불렀고
And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand , that, behold, his brother came out : and she said , How hast thou broken forth ? this breach be upon thee: therefore his name was called Pharez .
30. 그 형제 곧 손에 홍사 있는 자가 뒤에 나오니 그 이름을 세라라 불렀더라
And afterward came out his brother , that had the scarlet thread upon his hand : and his name was called Zarah .
■ 주석 보기
【창38:1 JFB】창38:1-30. Judah and Family.
1. at that time—a formula frequently used by the sacred writers, not to describe any precise period, but an interval near about it.
【창38:1 CWC】[JOSEPH'S HISTORY]
The general familiarity with these chapters warrants the grouping of them in one lesson, especially as there is little requiring explanation within our present scope.
1. Loved and Hated, 37.
It may seem foolish for Joseph to have made known his dreams to his brethren, and thus increase their enmity against him, but we should consider God's purpose in the matter, whether Joseph understood it or not. In the outcome it was important that they should know these dreams, which were really prophecies, in advance of their fulfillment for the sake of the moral effect upon them.
In this chapter it will be seen that the merchantmen are called both Ishmaelites and Midianites, both being in the company, perhaps, as their territories were contiguous in Arabia.
2. Sold Into Slavery, 39.
Note the faith and piety of Joseph as indicated in v. 9, in language unlike anything hitherto recorded of the patriarchs. Note too that according to v. 20 Potiphar must have doubted the truth of his wife's charge, or else he would probably have executed Joseph.
3. Falsely Imprisoned, 40.
This chapter is chiefly notable for the further evidence it gives of Joseph's intimate acquaintance with and faith in God, and the close dealings of God with him in the revelation of these things.
4. Exalted to the Throne, 41.
Note Pharaoh's testimony to Joseph's power with God (38), not that he himself knew the true God, but that he witnessed to the power Joseph had with the God he (Joseph) served. How does this incident in Joseph's life illustrate 딤전4:8, last clause?
The name given Joseph by Pharaoh merits attention notwithstanding the difficulty in its interpretation. The Revised Version spells it "Zaphenathpaneah," but it is not determined whether it is of Hebrew, Egyptian or Coptic derivation. If the first it may mean "Revealer of secrets"; if the second, "Bread of Life"; if the third, "Saviour of the world"; all bearing on the same thought and any of them both significant and appropriate.
5. Dealing with His Brethren, 42 to 44.
The details of these chapters show the purpose of Joseph to "multiply unlooked for events and complicate the situation for his brethren, both to awaken their conviction of wrongdoing in the past and an expectation of something still more mysterious, whether good or bad, in the future" - thus preparing them for the great revelation soon to be made.
In chapter 44:17, 18 the reference to the three days is important for its bearing on the death and resurrection of Christ. It will be well to note, for example, the vague way of the Hebrews in using the words. According to our usage, had Joseph's brethren been imprisoned three days it would not have been until the fourth day that he changed his plan, but instead of that they were shut up but two nights and the intermediate day, with parts of the first and third days. This was the time Jesus was in the grave, so that there is no more reason to accuse the Bible of inaccuracy or contradiction in the one case than in the other. (Studies in Genesis, in loco.)
6. Revealing Himself to His Brethren, 45.
Why was Pharaoh so pleased to have Jacob and his family settle in Egypt? To show appreciation of Joseph? Yes, and for other reasons. It was not merely three-score and six souls that constituted the whole encampment of Jacob, but between three and four thousand souls, if we count all their dependents, which was a valuable accession to any nation when we consider the character of the people.
And there may have been another reason still, if it be true that the reigning dynasty at this time was the Hyksos or Shepherd kings, i. e., Syrians or Asiatics who centuries before had invaded and seized upon the kingdom, and so were unpopular with the native races. It would be a great advantage to them to have so powerful an accession of Asiatics as Jacob's tribe represented, not only to increase their riches but to "give additional firmness to the throne against the discontent and disturbance of the native races."
7. Settling the Family in Goshen, 46 to 48.
Note the suitableness of Goshen as a place of settlement for the Israelites. In the first place, it afforded good pasturage and they were shepherds, but in some parts of it there was excellent tillage as well. In the next place, its location near the Isthmus of Suez, - made it easy to depart from later on when the necessity was so great. And last, but not least, it was a location where the least offense would be given to the native races, and there was reason for such offense because shepherds were held in abomination by them. Their subjugation by a shepherd race explains this in part, but there was another reason in that the Egyptians for religious reasons did not eat flesh. They worshipped the beasts which the Israelites ate and offered in sacrifice to God.
How long did Jacob live in Egypt (47:28)? What solemn promise did he extract from Joseph just prior to his death (29-31)? Do you think this expressed only the natural desire to be buried with his own people, or did it express faith in the divine promise that his seed should ultimately inherit Canaan?
【창38:1 MHCC】The profligate conduct of Judah and his family.
—This chapter gives an account of Judah and his family, and such an account it is, that it seems a wonder that of all Jacob's sons, our Lord should spring out of Judah, 히7:14. But God will show that his choice is of grace and not of merit, and that Christ came into the world to save sinners, even the chief. Also, that the worthiness of Christ is of himself, and not from his ancestors. How little reason had the Jews, who were so called from this Judah, to boast as they did, 요8:41. What awful examples the Lord proclaims in his punishments, of his utter displeasure at sin! Let us seek grace from God to avoid every appearance of sin. And let that state of humbleness to which Jesus submitted, when he came to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself, in appointing such characters as those here recorded, to be his ancestors, endear the Redeemer to our hearts.
【창38:2 JFB】2. And Judah saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite—Like Esau [창26:34], this son of Jacob, casting off the restraints of religion, married into a Canaanite family; and it is not surprising that the family which sprang from such an unsuitable connection should be infamous for bold and unblushing wickedness.
【창38:8 JFB】8. Judah said unto Onan … marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother—The first instance of a custom, which was afterwards incorporated among the laws of Moses, that when a husband died leaving a widow, his brother next of age was to marry her, and the issue, if any, was to be served heir to the deceased (compare 신25:5).
【창38:12 JFB】12. Judah … went up unto his sheep-shearers—This season, which occurs in Palestine towards the end of March, was spent in more than usual hilarity, and the wealthiest masters invited their friends, as well as treated their servants, to sumptuous entertainments. Accordingly, it is said, Judah was accompanied by his friend Hirah.
Timnath—in the mountains of Judah.
【창38:18 JFB】18. signet, &c.—Bracelets, including armlets, were worn by men as well as women among the Hebrews. But the Hebrew word here rendered "bracelets," is everywhere else translated "lace" or "ribbon"; so that as the signet alone was probably more than an equivalent for the kid, it is not easy to conjecture why the other things were given in addition, except by supposing the perforated seal was attached by a ribbon to the staff.
【창38:24 JFB】24. Bring her forth, and let her be burnt—In patriarchal times fathers seem to have possessed the power of life and death over the members of their families. The crime of adultery was anciently punished in many places by burning (레21:9; 유15:6; 렘29:22). This chapter contains details, which probably would never have obtained a place in the inspired record, had it not been to exhibit the full links of the chain that connects the genealogy of the Saviour with Abraham; and in the disreputable character of the ancestry who figure in this passage, we have a remarkable proof that "He made himself of no reputation" [빌2:7].
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.