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■ 욥기 40장
1. 여호와께서 또 욥에게 말씀하여 가라사대
Moreover the Lord answered Job , and said ,
2. 변박하는 자가 전능자와 다투겠느냐 하나님과 변론하는 자는 대답할지니라
Shall he that contendeth with the Almighty instruct him? he that reproveth God , let him answer it.
3. 욥이 여호와께 대답하여 가로되
Then Job answered the Lord , and said ,
4. 나는 미천하오니 무엇이라 주께 대답하리이까 손으로 내 입을 가릴뿐이로소이다
Behold, I am vile ; what shall I answer thee? I will lay mine hand upon my mouth .
5. 내가 한두 번 말하였사온즉 다시는 더하지도 아니하겠고 대답지도 아니하겠나이다
Once have I spoken ; but I will not answer : yea, twice ; but I will proceed no further .
6. 여호와께서 푹풍 가운데서 욥에게 말씀하여 가라사대
Then answered the Lord unto Job out of the whirlwind , and said ,
7. 너는 대장부처럼 허리를 묶고 내가 네게 묻는 것을 대답할지니라
Gird up thy loins now like a man : I will demand of thee, and declare thou unto me.
8. 네가 내 심판을 폐하려느냐 스스로 의롭다 하려 하여 나를 불의하다 하느냐
Wilt thou also disannul my judgment ? wilt thou condemn me, that thou mayest be righteous ?
9. 네가 하나님처럼 팔이 있느냐 하나님처럼 우렁차게 울리는 소리를 내겠느냐
Hast thou an arm like God ? or canst thou thunder with a voice like him?
10. 너는 위엄과 존귀로 스스로 꾸미며 영광과 화미를 스스로 입을지니라
Deck thyself now with majesty and excellency ; and array thyself with glory and beauty .
11. 너의 넘치는 노를 쏟아서 교만한 자를 발견하여 낱낱이 낮추되
Cast abroad the rage of thy wrath : and behold every one that is proud , and abase him.
12. 곧 모든 교만한 자를 발견하여 낮추며 악인을 그 처소에서 밟아서
Look on every one that is proud , and bring him low ; and tread down the wicked in their place.
13. 그들을 함께 진토에 묻고 그 얼굴을 싸서 어둑한 곳에 둘지니라
Hide them in the dust together ; and bind their faces in secret .
14. 그리하면 네 오른손이 너를 구원할 수 있다고 내가 인정하리라
Then will I also confess unto thee that thine own right hand can save thee.
15. 이제 소 같이 풀을 먹는 하마를 볼지어다 내가 너를 지은 것 같이 그것도 지었느니라
Behold now behemoth , which I made with thee; he eateth grass as an ox .
16. 그 힘은 허리에 있고 그 세력은 배의 힘줄에 있고
Lo now, his strength is in his loins , and his force is in the navel of his belly .
17. 그 꼬리치는 것은 백향목이 흔들리는 것 같고 그 넓적다리 힘줄은 서로 연락되었으며
He moveth his tail like a cedar : the sinews of his stones are wrapped together .
18. 그 뼈는 놋관 같고 그 가릿대는 철장 같으니
His bones are as strong pieces of brass ; his bones are like bars of iron .
19. 그것은 하나님의 창조물 중에 으뜸이라 그것을 지은 자가 칼을 주었고
He is the chief of the ways of God : he that made him can make his sword to approach unto him.
20. 모든 들 짐승의 노는 산은 그것을 위하여 식물을 내느니라
Surely the mountains bring him forth food , where all the beasts of the field play .
21. 그것이 연 줄기 아래나 갈 밭 가운데나 못속에 엎드리니
He lieth under the shady trees , in the covert of the reed , and fens .
22. 연 그늘이 덮으며 시내 버들이 둘렀구나
The shady trees cover him with their shadow ; the willows of the brook compass him about .
23. 하수가 창일한다 할지라도 그것이 놀라지 않고 요단 강이 불어 그 입에 미칠지라도 자약하니
Behold, he drinketh up a river , and hasteth not: he trusteth that he can draw up Jordan into his mouth .
24. 그것이 정신차리고 있을 때에 누가 능히 잡을 수 있겠으며 갈고리로 그 코를 꿸 수 있겠느냐
He taketh it with his eyes : his nose pierceth through snares .
■ 주석 보기
【욥40:1 JFB】욥40:1-24. God's Second Address.
He had paused for a reply, but Job was silent.
1. the Lord—Hebrew, "Jehovah."
【욥40:1 CWC】[WORDS OF ELIHU AND THE ADDRESS OF THE ALMIGHTY]
Elihu now comes forward with apparent modesty, and yet great pretensions. Young and inexperienced, he is nevertheless indignant at the manner in which the friends of Job have sought to reply to him. Professing that his views have been revealed from above, he undertakes to clear up all the difficulties in the case. Afflictions are for the good of the sufferer is his dictum, a thought which he exhibits in various lights.
He, too, reflects upon Job for his rashness and presumption, leaning rather to the side of his friends.
Chapter 32 is introductory, but in the following chapter he fully enters upon his argument. If Job had wished to bring his cause before God, let him now present it to him, i. e., Elihu, who assumed to take God's place. Job could not be correct in the claims he made for himself because God must be more righteous than man. God speaks to man in various ways to withdraw him from his purpose and save him from sin.
Job is not disposed to reply, although Elihu gives him an opportunity, and therefore the latter continues in chapter 34 to examine his case more particularly. Job had shown a spirit of irreverence which is rebuked. God's government is administered on principles of equity, and therefore Job must be a wicked man who is called upon to confess that his chastisement was just and to resolve to offend no more. In chapter 35, assuming that Job claimed to be more righteous than God, he examines the position, demonstrating its impossibility.
Having undertaken thus to vindicate the divine character, he proceeds in chapters 36 and 37 to state some of the principles of the divine government, illustrating, his views and showing the necessity of man's submission to God by a sublime description of the greatness of the latter, especially as manifested in the storm. To quote Barnes again, "There is in this description every indication that a storm is rising and a tempest gathering. In the midst of this tempest the address of Elihu is broken off and the Almighty appears and closes the debate."
The Address of the Almighty.
The address of the Almighty covers chapters 38 to 41, and is represented as from the midst of the tempest. Its principle object appears to be to assert God's greatness and majesty and the duty of profound submission to the dispensations of his government. He appeals to His works, showing that man could explain little, and that, therefore, it was to be expected that in His moral government there would be much also above human capacity to understand.
Job is subdued and awed, and confesses his vileness in chapter 40:3-5. To produce, however, a more overpowering impression, and secure a deeper prostration before Him, the Almighty described two of the most remarkable animals He had made, with which description His sublime address concludes.
We agree with Barnes and others, that the general impression sought by this address is that of awe, reverence and submission. That God has a right to do, and that it is presumptuous in man to sit in judgment upon His doings. It is remarkable that God does not refer to the main point in the controversy at all. He does not seek to vindicate His government from the charges brought against it of inequality, nor does He refer to the future state as a place where all these apparent inequalities will be adjusted.
Job is humbled and penitent, chapter 42. His confession is accepted, and his general course approved. His three friends are reprimanded for the severity of their judgment upon him, while he is directed to intercede for them. His calamities are ended and he is restored to double his former prosperity.
Thus God shows Himself the friend of the righteous, and the object of the trial is secured by showing that there is true virtue which is not based on selfishness, and real piety that will bear any trial to which it may be subjected.
It shows that God is able to keep the feet of His saints, and that His grace is sufficient for them who put their trust in Him. We speak of Job as triumphant, but the more vital truth is that God is triumphant in the lives of His saints above the power of the evil one.
【욥40:1 MHCC】Communion with the Lord effectually convinces and humbles a saint, and makes him glad to part with his most beloved sins. There is need to be thoroughly convinced and humbled, to prepare us for remarkable deliverances. After God had shown Job, by his manifest ignorance of the works of nature, how unable he was to judge of the methods and designs of Providence, he puts a convincing question to him; Shall he that contendeth with the Almighty instruct him? Now Job began to melt into godly sorrow: when his friends reasoned with him, he did not yield; but the voice of the Lord is powerful. When the Spirit of truth is come, he shall convince. Job yields himself to the grace of God. He owns himself an offender, and has nothing to say to justify himself. He is now sensible that he has sinned; and therefore he calls himself vile. Repentance changes men's opinion of themselves. Job is now convinced of his error. Those who are truly sensible of their own sinfulness and vileness, dare not justify themselves before God. He perceived that he was a poor, mean, foolish, and sinful creature, who ought not to have uttered one word against the Divine conduct. One glimpse of God's holy nature would appal the stoutest rebel. How, then will the wicked bear the sight of his glory at the day of judgment? But when we see this glory revealed in Jesus Christ, we shall be humbled without being terrified; self-abasement agrees with filial love. (Job 40:6-14)
【욥40:2 JFB】2. he that contendeth—as Job had so often expressed a wish to do. Or, rebuketh. Does Job now still (after seeing and hearing of God's majesty and wisdom) wish to set God right?
answer it—namely, the questions I have asked.
【욥40:3 JFB】3. Lord—Jehovah.
【욥40:4 JFB】4. I am (too) vile (to reply). It is a very different thing to vindicate ourselves before God, from what it is before men. Job could do the latter, not the former.
lay … hand … upon … mouth—I have no plea to offer (욥21:5; 유18:19).
【욥40:5 JFB】5. Once … twice—oftentimes, more than once (욥33:14, compare with 욥33:29; 시62:11):
I have spoken—namely, against God.
not answer—not plead against Thee.
【욥40:6 JFB】6. the Lord—Jehovah.
【욥40:6 MHCC】Those who profit by what they have heard from God, shall hear more from him. And those who are truly convinced of sin, yet need to be more thoroughly convinced and more humbled. No doubt God, and he only, has power to humble and bring down proud men; he has wisdom to know when and how to do it, and it is not for us to teach him how to govern the world. Our own hands cannot save us by recommending us to God's grace, much less rescuing us from his justice; and therefore into his hand we must commit ourselves. The renewal of a believer proceeds in the same way of conviction, humbling, and watchfulness against remaining sin, as his first conversion. When convinced of many evils in our conduct, we still need convincing of many more.
【욥40:7 JFB】7. (See on 욥38:3). Since Job has not only spoken against God, but accused Him of injustice, God challenges him to try, could he govern the world, as God by His power doth, and punish the proud and wicked (욥40:7-14).
【욥40:8 JFB】8. Wilt thou not only contend with, but set aside My judgment or justice in the government of the world?
condemn—declare Me unrighteous, in order that thou mayest be accounted righteous (innocent; undeservingly afflicted).
【욥40:9 JFB】9. arm—God's omnipotence (사53:1).
thunder—God's voice (욥37:4).
【욥40:10 JFB】10. See, hast thou power and majesty like God's, to enable thee to judge and govern the world?
【욥40:11 JFB】11. rage—rather, pour out the redundant floods of, &c.
behold—Try, canst thou, as God, by a mere glance abase the proud (사2:12, &c.)?
【욥40:12 JFB】12. proud—high (단4:37).
in their place—on the spot; suddenly, before they can move from their place. (See on 욥34:26; 욥36:20).
【욥40:13 JFB】13. (사2:10). Abase and remove them out of the sight of men.
bind … faces—that is, shut up their persons [Maurer]. But it refers rather to the custom of binding a cloth over the faces of persons about to be executed (욥9:24; 에7:8).
in secret—consign them to darkness.
【욥40:14 JFB】14. confess—rather, "extol"; "I also," who now censure thee. But since thou canst not do these works, thou must, instead of censuring, extol My government.
thine own … hand … save—(시44:3). So as to eternal salvation by Jesus Christ (사59:16; 63:5).
【욥40:15 JFB】15-24. God shows that if Job cannot bring under control the lower animals (of which he selects the two most striking, behemoth on land, leviathan in the water), much less is he capable of governing the world.
behemoth—The description in part agrees with the hippopotamus, in part with the elephant, but exactly in all details with neither. It is rather a poetical personification of the great Pachydermata, or Herbivora (so "he eateth grass"), the idea of the hippopotamus being predominant. In 욥40:17, "the tail like a cedar," hardly applies to the latter (so also 욥40:20, 23, "Jordan," a river which elephants alone could reach, but see on 욥40:23). On the other hand, 욥40:21, 22 are characteristic of the amphibious river horse. So leviathan (the twisting animal), 욥41:1, is a generalized term for cetacea, pythons, saurians of the neighboring seas and rivers, including the crocodile, which is the most prominent, and is often associated with the river horse by old writers. "Behemoth" seems to be the Egyptian Pehemout, "water-ox," Hebraized, so-called as being like an ox, whence the Italian bombarino.
with thee—as I made thyself. Yet how great the difference! The manifold wisdom and power of God!
he eateth grass—marvellous in an animal living so much in the water; also strange, that such a monster should not be carnivorous.
【욥40:15 MHCC】God, for the further proving of his own power, describes two vast animals, far exceeding man in bulk and strength. Behemoth signifies beasts. Most understand it of an animal well known in Egypt, called the river-horse, or hippopotamus. This vast animal is noticed as an argument to humble ourselves before the great God; for he created this vast animal, which is so fearfully and wonderfully made. Whatever strength this or any other creature has, it is derived from God. He that made the soul of man, knows all the ways to it, and can make the sword of justice, his wrath, to approach and touch it. Every godly man has spiritual weapons, the whole armour of God, to resist, yea, to overcome the tempter, that his never-dying soul may be safe, whatever becomes of his frail flesh and mortal body.
【욥40:16 JFB】16. navel—rather, "muscles" of his belly; the weakest point of the elephant, therefore it is not meant.
【욥40:17 JFB】17. like a cedar—As the tempest bends the cedar, so it can move its smooth thick tail [Umbreit]. But the cedar implies straightness and length, such as do not apply to the river horse's short tail, but perhaps to an extinct species of animal (see on 욥40:15).
stones—rather, "thighs."
wrapped—firmly twisted together, like a thick rope.
【욥40:18 JFB】18. strong—rather, "tubes" of copper [Umbreit].
【욥40:19 JFB】19. Chief of the works of God; so "ways" (욥26:14; 잠8:22).
can make his sword to approach—rather, "has furnished him with his sword" (harpe), namely, the sickle-like teeth with which he cuts down grain. English Version, however, is literally right.
【욥40:20 JFB】20. The mountain is not his usual haunt. Bochart says it is sometimes found there (?).
beasts … play—a graphic trait: though armed with such teeth, he lets the beasts play near him unhurt, for his food is grass.
【욥40:21 JFB】21. lieth—He leads an inactive life.
shady trees—rather, "lotus bushes"; as 욥40:22 requires.
【욥40:22 JFB】22. shady trees—Translate: "lotus bushes."
【욥40:23 JFB】23. Rather, "(Though) a river be violent (overflow), he trembleth not"; (for though living on land, he can live in the water, too); he is secure, though a Jordan swell up to his mouth. "Jordan" is used for any great river (consonant with the "behemoth"), being a poetical generalization (see on 욥40:15). The author cannot have been a Hebrew as Umbreit asserts, or he would not adduce the Jordan, where there were no river horses. He alludes to it as a name for any river, but not as one known to him, except by hearsay.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.