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■ 욥기 28장
1. 은은 나는 광이 있고 연단하는 금은 나는 곳이 있으며
Surely there is a vein for the silver , and a place for gold where they fine it.
2. 철은 흙에서 취하고 동은 돌에서 녹여 얻느니라
Iron is taken out of the earth , and brass is molten out of the stone .
3. 사람이 흑암을 파하고 끝까지 궁구하여 음예와 유암 중의 광석을 구하되
He setteth an end to darkness , and searcheth out all perfection : the stones of darkness , and the shadow of death .
4. 사람 사는 곳에서 멀리 떠나 구멍을 깊이 뚫고 발이 땅에 닿지 않게 달려 내리니 멀리 사람과 격절되고 흔들흔들 하느니라
The flood breaketh out from the inhabitant ; even the waters forgotten of the foot : they are dried up , they are gone away from men .
5. 지면은 식물을 내나 지하는 불로 뒤집는 것 같고
As for the earth , out of it cometh bread : and under it is turned up as it were fire .
6. 그 돌 가운데에는 남보석이 있고 사금도 있으며
The stones of it are the place of sapphires : and it hath dust of gold .
7. 그 길은 솔개도 알지 못하고 매의 눈도 보지 못하며
There is a path which no fowl knoweth , and which the vulture’s eye hath not seen :
8. 위엄스러운 짐승도 밟지 못하였고 사나운 사자도 그리로 지나가지 못하였느니라
The lion’s whelps have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed by it.
9. 사람이 굳은 바위에 손을 대고 산을 뿌리까지 무너뜨리며
He putteth forth his hand upon the rock ; he overturneth the mountains by the roots .
10. 돌 가운데로 도랑을 파서 각종 보물을 눈으로 발견하고
He cutteth out rivers among the rocks ; and his eye seeth every precious thing .
11. 시냇물을 막아 스미지 않게 하고 감취었던 것을 밝은 데로 내느니라
He bindeth the floods from overflowing ; and the thing that is hid bringeth he forth to light .
12. 그러나 지혜는 어디서 얻으며 명철의 곳은 어디인고
But where shall wisdom be found ? and where is the place of understanding ?
13. 그 값을 사람이 알지 못하나니 사람 사는 땅에서 찾을 수 없구나
Man knoweth not the price thereof; neither is it found in the land of the living .
14. 깊은 물이 이르기를 내 속에 있지 아니하다 하며 바다가 이르기를 나와 함께 있지 아니하다 하느니라
The depth saith , It is not in me: and the sea saith , It is not with me.
15. 정금으로도 바꿀 수 없고 은을 달아도 그 값을 당치 못하리니
It cannot be gotten for gold , neither shall silver be weighed for the price thereof.
16. 오빌의 금이나 귀한 수마노나 남보석으로도 그 값을 당치 못하겠고
It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir , with the precious onyx , or the sapphire .
17. 황금이나 유리라도 비교할 수 없고 정금 장식으로도 바꿀 수 없으며
The gold and the crystal cannot equal it: and the exchange of it shall not be for jewels of fine gold .
18. 산호나 수정으로도 말할 수 없나니 지혜의 값은 홍보석보다 귀하구나
No mention shall be made of coral , or of pearls : for the price of wisdom is above rubies .
19. 구스의 황옥으로도 비교할 수 없고 순금으로도 그 값을 측량하지 못하리니
The topaz of Ethiopia shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold .
20. 그런즉 지혜는 어디서 오며 명철의 곳은 어디인고
Whence then cometh wisdom ? and where is the place of understanding ?
21. 모든 생물의 눈에 숨겨졌고 공중의 새에게 가리워졌으며
Seeing it is hid from the eyes of all living , and kept close from the fowls of the air .
22. 멸망과 사망도 이르기를 우리가 귀로 그 소문은 들었다 하느니라
Destruction and death say , We have heard the fame thereof with our ears .
23. 하나님이 그 길을 깨달으시며 있는 곳을 아시나니
God understandeth the way thereof, and he knoweth the place thereof.
24. 이는 그가 땅 끝까지 감찰하시며 온 천하를 두루 보시며
For he looketh to the ends of the earth , and seeth under the whole heaven ;
25. 바람의 경중을 정하시며 물을 되어 그 분량을 정하시며
To make the weight for the winds ; and he weigheth the waters by measure .
26. 비를 위하여 명령하시고 우뢰의 번개를 위하여 길을 정하셨음이라
When he made a decree for the rain , and a way for the lightning of the thunder :
27. 그 때에 지혜를 보시고 선포하시며 굳게 세우시며 궁구하셨고
Then did he see it, and declare it; he prepared it, yea, and searched it out .
28. 또 사람에게 이르시기를 주를 경외함이 곧 지혜요 악을 떠남이 명철이라 하셨느니라
And unto man he said , Behold, the fear of the Lord , that is wisdom ; and to depart from evil is understanding .
■ 주석 보기
【욥28:1 JFB】욥28:1-28. Job's Speech Continued.
In the twenty-seventh chapter Job had tacitly admitted that the statement of the friends was often true, that God vindicated His justice by punishing the wicked here; but still the affliction of the godly remained unexplained. Man has, by skill, brought the precious metals from their concealment. But the Divine Wisdom, which governs human affairs, he cannot similarly discover (욥28:12, &c.). However, the image from the same metals (욥23:10) implies Job has made some way towards solving the riddle of his life; namely, that affliction is to him as the refining fire is to gold.
1. vein—a mine, from which it goes forth, Hebrew, "is dug."
place for gold—a place where gold may be found, which men refine. Not as English Version, "A place—where," (말3:3). Contrasted with gold found in the bed and sand of rivers, which does not need refining; as the gold dug from a mine does. Golden ornaments have been found in Egypt, of the times of Joseph.
【욥28:1 CWC】[THIRD SERIES OF THE DEBATE]
(1) With Eliphaz, 22-24.
(a) Speech of Eliphaz, 22.
(b) Reply of Job, 23, 24.
(2) With Bildad, 25, 26.
(a) Speech of Bildad, 2$.
(b) Reply of Job, 26.
(3) With Zophar, 27-31.
(a) * * * * * *
(b) Continuation of the reply of Job, 27-31.
The last speech Eliphaz makes, chapter 22, is a grand effort to refute Job based upon the latter's appeal to facts. There is more severity in it than he has shown before. He charges Job with cruelty, oppression and injustice as a magistrate. Therefore, no wonder such calamities had come upon him. Using the deluge as an illustration, he shows how God must deal with the wicked according to their deserts. Job is exhorted to acquaint himself with God and be at peace with Him, and all might yet be well.
Job replies pathetically. He has no human help, but turns to God. O, that he might come before Him! He cannot seem to find Him, yet he has confidence in Him. His own integrity is once more asserted. It was not true that God always dealt with men on earth in accordance with their character. The wicked often have long prosperity, though he admits they will ultimately be cut off.
Bildad attempts a reply in chapter 25, and yet he seems to realize that the controversy is decided, for he contents himself simply with a description of the power, wisdom and majesty of God, closing with the sentiment expressed before concerning the comparative impurity and insignificance of man. Bildad has, in fact, yielded the argument and retires from the field.
Job speaks in chapter 26 in a strain of irony. His friends have not enlightened him very much. His own views of the greatness of God are superior to those of Bildad. Notice the sublime description of the divine majesty which follows.
Zophar should have replied, but his lips are closed, and Job himself proceeds more calmly in chapters 27 to 31. Once more he refers to the government of God, giving, as Barnes expresses it, "a most beautiful description of the search for wisdom, detailing the discoveries of science in his time, and saying that none of them could disclose it, and concluding that true wisdom can only be found in the fear of the Lord. Once more he maintains his integrity, and concludes that if God would come forth and pronounce a just judgment on him, he would take the decision and bind it on his head as a diadem, and march forth with it in triumph."
【욥28:1 MHCC】Job maintained that the dispensations of Providence were regulated by the highest wisdom. To confirm this, he showed of what a great deal of knowledge and wealth men may make themselves masters. The caverns of the earth may be discovered, but not the counsels of Heaven. Go to the miners, thou sluggard in religion, consider their ways, and be wise. Let their courage and diligence in seeking the wealth that perishes, shame us out of slothfulness and faint-heartedness in labouring for the true riches. How much better is it to get wisdom than gold! How much easier, and safer! Yet gold is sought for, but grace neglected. Will the hopes of precious things out of the earth, so men call them, though really they are paltry and perishing, be such a spur to industry, and shall not the certain prospect of truly precious things in heaven be much more so?
【욥28:2 JFB】2. brass—that is, copper; for brass is a mixed metal of copper and zinc, of modern invention. Iron is less easily discovered, and wrought, than copper; therefore copper was in common use long before iron. Copper-stone is called "cadmium" by Pliny [Natural History, 34:1; 36:21]. Iron is fitly said to be taken out of the "earth" (dust), for ore looks like mere earth.
【욥28:3 JFB】3. "Man makes an end of darkness," by exploring the darkest depths (with torches).
all perfection—rather, carries out his search to the utmost perfection; most thoroughly searches the stones of darkness and of the shadow of death (thickest gloom); that is, the stones, whatever they be, embedded in the darkest bowels of the earth [Umbreit] (욥26:10).
【욥28:4 JFB】4. Three hardships in mining: 1. "A stream (flood) breaks out at the side of the stranger"; namely, the miner, a strange newcomer into places heretofore unexplored; his surprise at the sudden stream breaking out beside him is expressed (English Version, "from the inhabitant"). 2. "Forgotten (unsupported) by the foot they hang," namely, by ropes, in descending. In the Hebrew, "Lo there" precedes this clause, graphically placing it as if before the eyes. "The waters" is inserted by English Version. "Are dried up," ought to be, "hang," "are suspended." English Version perhaps understood, waters of whose existence man was previously unconscious, and near which he never trod; and yet man's energy is such, that by pumps, &c., he soon causes them to "dry up and go away" [So Herder]. 3. "Far away from men, they move with uncertain step"; they stagger; not "they are gone" [Umbreit].
【욥28:5 JFB】5. Its fertile surface yields food; and yet "beneath it is turned up as it were with fire." So Pliny [Natural History, 33] observes on the ingratitude of man who repays the debt he owes the earth for food, by digging out its bowels. "Fire" was used in mining [Umbreit]. English Version is simpler, which means precious stones which glow like fire; and so 욥28:6 follows naturally (겔28:14).
【욥28:6 JFB】6. Sapphires are found in alluvial soil near rocks and embedded in gneiss. The ancients distinguished two kinds: 1. The real, of transparent blue: 2. That improperly so called, opaque, with gold spots; that is, lapis lazuli. To the latter, looking like gold dust, Umbreit refers "dust of gold." English Version better, "The stones of the earth are, &c., and the clods of it (Vulgate) are gold"; the parallel clauses are thus neater.
【욥28:7 JFB】7. fowl—rather, "ravenous bird," or "eagle," which is the most sharp-sighted of birds (사46:11). A vulture will spy a carcass at an amazing distance. The miner penetrates the earth by a way unseen by birds of keenest sight.
【욥28:8 JFB】8. lion's whelps—literally, "the sons of pride," that is, the fiercest beasts.
passed—The Hebrew implies the proud gait of the lion. The miner ventures where not even the fierce lion dares to go in pursuit of his prey.
【욥28:9 JFB】9. rock—flint. He puts forth his hand to cleave the hardest rock.
by the roots—from their foundations, by undermining them.
【욥28:10 JFB】10.He cuts channels to drain off the waters, which hinder his mining; and when the waters are gone, he he is able to see the precious things in the earth.
【욥28:11 JFB】11. floods—"He restrains the streams from weeping"; a poetical expression for the trickling subterranean rills, which impede him; answering to the first clause of 욥28:10; so also the two latter clauses in each verse correspond.
【욥28:12 JFB】12. Can man discover the Divine Wisdom by which the world is governed, as he can the treasures hidden in the earth? Certainly not. Divine Wisdom is conceived as a person (욥28:12-27) distinct from God (욥28:23; also in 잠8:23, 27). The Almighty Word, Jesus Christ, we know now, is that Wisdom. The order of the world was originated and is maintained by the breathing forth (Spirit) of Wisdom, unfathomable and unpurchasable by man. In 욥28:28, the only aspect of it, which relates to, and may be understood by, man, is stated.
understanding—insight into the plan of the divine government.
【욥28:12 MHCC】Job here speaks of wisdom and understanding, the knowing and enjoying of God and ourselves. Its worth is infinitely more than all the riches in this world. It is a gift of the Holy Ghost which cannot be bought with money. Let that which is most precious in God's account, be so in ours. Job asks after it as one that truly desired to find it, and despaired of finding it any where but in God; any way but by Divine revelation. (Job 28:20-28)
【욥28:13 JFB】13. Man can fix no price upon it, as it is nowhere to be found in man's abode (사38:11). Job implies both its valuable worth, and the impossibility of buying it at any price.
【욥28:15 JFB】15. Not the usual word for "gold"; from a Hebrew root, "to shut up" with care; that is, purest gold (왕상6:20, Margin).
weighed—The precious metals were weighed out before coining was known (창23:16).
【욥28:16 JFB】16. gold of Ophir—the most precious (See on 욥22:24 and 시45:9).
onyx—(창2:12). More valued formerly than now. The term is Greek, meaning "thumb nail," from some resemblance in color. The Arabic denotes, of two colors, white preponderating.
【욥28:17 JFB】17. crystal—Or else glass, if then known, very costly. From a root, "to be transparent."
jewels—rather, "vessels."
【욥28:18 JFB】18. Red coral (겔27:16).
pearls—literally, "what is frozen." Probably crystal; and 욥28:17 will then be glass.
rubies—Umbreit translates "pearls" (see 애4:1; 잠3:15). The Urim and Thummim, the means of consulting God by the twelve stones on the high priest's breastplate, "the stones of the sanctuary" (애4:1), have their counterpart in this chapter; the precious stones symbolizing the "light" and "perfection" of the divine wisdom.
【욥28:19 JFB】19. Ethiopia—Cush in the Hebrew. Either Ethiopia, or the south of Arabia, near the Tigris.
【욥28:20 JFB】20.욥28:12 repeated with great force.
【욥28:20 MHCC】There is a two-fold wisdom; one hid in God, which is secret, and belongs not to us; the other made known by him, and revealed to man. One day's events, and one man's affairs, have such reference to, and so hang one upon another, that He only, to whom all is open, and who sees the whole at one view, can rightly judge of every part. But the knowledge of God's revealed will is within our reach, and will do us good. Let man look upon this as his wisdom, To fear the Lord, and to depart from evil. Let him learn that, and he is learned enough. Where is this wisdom to be found? The treasures of it are hid in Christ, revealed by the word, received by faith, through the Holy Ghost. It will not feed pride or vanity, or amuse our vain curiosity. It teaches and encourages sinners to fear the Lord, and to depart from evil, in the exercise of repentance and faith, without desiring to solve all difficulties about the events of this life.
【욥28:21 JFB】21. None can tell whence or where, seeing it, &c.
fowls—The gift of divination was assigned by the heathen especially to birds. Their rapid flight heavenwards and keen sight originated the superstition. Job may allude to it. Not even the boasted divination of birds has an insight into it (전10:20). But it may merely mean, as in 욥28:7, It escapes the eye of the most keen-sighted bird.
【욥28:22 JFB】22. That is, the abodes of destruction and of the dead. "Death" put for Sheol (욥30:23; 26:6; 시9:13).
We have [only] heard—the report of her. We have not seen her. In the land of the living (욥28:13) the workings of Wisdom are seen, though not herself. In the regions of the dead she is only heard of, her actings on nature not being seen (전9:10).
【욥28:23 JFB】23. God hath, and is Himself, wisdom.
【욥28:24 JFB】24. "Seeth (all that is) under," &c.
【욥28:25 JFB】25. God has adjusted the weight of the winds, so seemingly imponderable, lest, if too weighty, or too light, injury should be caused. He measureth out the waters, fixing their bounds, with wisdom as His counsellor (잠8:27-31; 사40:12).
【욥28:26 JFB】26. The decree regulating at what time and place, and in what quantity, the rain should fall.
a way—through the parted clouds (욥38:25; Z전10:1).
【욥28:27 JFB】27. declare—manifest her, namely, in His works (시19:1, 2). So the approval bestowed by the Creator on His works (창1:10, 31); compare the "rejoicing" of wisdom at the same (잠8:30; which Umbreit translates; "I was the skilful artificer by His side").
prepared—not created, for wisdom is from everlasting (잠8:22-31); but "established" her as Governor of the world.
searched … out—examined her works to see whether she was adequate to the task of governing the world [Maurer].
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.