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■ 욥기 18장
1. 수아 사람 빌닷이 대답하여 가로되
Then answered Bildad the Shuhite , and said ,
2. 너희가 어느 때까지 말을 찾겠느냐 깨달으라 그 후에야 우리가 말하리라
How long will it be ere ye make an end of words ? mark , and afterwards we will speak .
3. 어찌하여 우리를 짐승으로 여기며 부정하게 보느냐
Wherefore are we counted as beasts , and reputed vile in your sight ?
4. 너 분하여 스스로 찢는 자야 너를 위하여 땅이 버림을 당하겠느냐 바위가 그 자리에서 옮기겠느냐
He teareth himself in his anger : shall the earth be forsaken for thee? and shall the rock be removed out of his place ?
5. 악인의 빛은 꺼지고 그 불꽃은 빛나지 않을 것이요
Yea, the light of the wicked shall be put out , and the spark of his fire shall not shine .
6. 그 장막 안의 빛은 어두워지고 그 위의 등불은 꺼질 것이요
The light shall be dark in his tabernacle , and his candle shall be put out with him.
7. 그 강한 걸음이 곤하여지고 그 베푼 꾀에 스스로 빠질 것이니
The steps of his strength shall be straitened , and his own counsel shall cast him down .
8. 이는 그 발이 스스로 그물에 들어가고 얽는 줄을 밟음이며
For he is cast into a net by his own feet , and he walketh upon a snare .
9. 그 발뒤꿈치는 창애에 치이고 그 몸은 올무에 얽힐 것이며
The gin shall take him by the heel , and the robber shall prevail against him.
10. 그를 동일 줄이 땅에 숨겼고 그를 빠뜨릴 함정이 길에 베풀렸으며
The snare is laid for him in the ground , and a trap for him in the way .
11. 무서운 것이 사방에서 그를 놀래고 그 뒤를 쫓아 올 것이며
Terrors shall make him afraid on every side , and shall drive him to his feet .
12. 그 힘은 기근을 인하여 쇠하고 그 곁에는 재앙이 기다릴 것이며
His strength shall be hungerbitten , and destruction shall be ready at his side .
13. 그의 백체가 먹히리니 곧 사망의 장자가 그 지체를 먹을 것이며
It shall devour the strength of his skin : even the firstborn of death shall devour his strength .
14. 그가 그 의뢰하던 장막에서 뽑혀서 무서움의 왕에게로 잡혀가고
His confidence shall be rooted out of his tabernacle , and it shall bring him to the king of terrors .
15. 그에게 속하지 않은 자가 그 장막에 거하리니 유황이 그 처소에 뿌려질 것이며
It shall dwell in his tabernacle , because it is none of his: brimstone shall be scattered upon his habitation .
16. 아래서는 그 뿌리가 마르고 위에서는 그 가지가 찍힐 것이며
His roots shall be dried up beneath, and above shall his branch be cut off .
17. 그의 기념이 땅에서 없어지고 그의 이름이 거리에서 전함이 없을 것이며
His remembrance shall perish from the earth , and he shall have no name in the street .
18. 그는 광명 중에서 흑암으로 몰려 들어가며 세상에서 쫓겨날 것이며
He shall be driven from light into darkness , and chased out of the world .
19. 그는 그 백성 가운데서 아들도 없고 손자도 없을 것이며 그의 거하던 곳에는 한 사람도 남은 자가 없을 것이라
He shall neither have son nor nephew among his people , nor any remaining in his dwellings .
20. 그의 날을 인하여 뒤에 오는 자가 앞선 자의 두려워 하던 것 같이 놀라리라
They that come after him shall be astonied at his day , as they that went before were affrighted .
21. 불의한 자의 집이 이러하고 하나님을 알지 못하는 자의 처소도 그러하니라
Surely such are the dwellings of the wicked , and this is the place of him that knoweth not God .
■ 주석 보기
【욥18:1 JFB】욥18:1-21. Reply of Bildad.
【욥18:1 CWC】(1) With Eliphaz, 15-17.
(a) Speech of Eliphaz, 15.
(b) Reply of Job, 16, 17.
(2) With Bildad, 18, 19.
(a) Speech of Bildad, 18.
(b) Reply of Job, 19.
(3) With Zophar, 20, 21.
(a) Speech of Zophar, 20.
(b) Reply of Job, 21.
The second series of the debate is in the same order as the first, and with the same question in view.
Eliphaz and Job.
Eliphaz opens in chapter 15. Job is accused of vehemence and vanity; of casting off fear and restraining prayer; of arrogance and presumption.
God is vindicated by him, and the observation of the sages are quoted. A number of pithy and instructive sayings are used to show that wicked men are subject to sudden alarms and unhappy experiences.
Job replies, renewing his complaint of the way his friends have treated him, and of the intensity and injustice of his sufferings. His appeal is to God before whom his eyes pour out tears. In chapter 17 he prophecies that his trials will yet be a subject of amazement to good men.
Bildad and Job.
Bildad speaks in chapter 18 repeating the former accusation. In his estimation the laws of God's administration are fixed and it is an established principle that the wicked shall be punished in this life, which he illustrates by a number of maxims or proverbs. The student should enumerate these and distinguish between them.
There is nothing new in what Bildad says, but he is enforcing what he has previously advanced with greater emphasis.
In chapter 19 Job speaks more pathetically, exhibiting his character in a beautiful light. His language is sorrowful, his spirit tender and subdued. How long will his friends vex and crush him with their remarks? God has overthrown him, fenced up his way, put away his friends. Even his wife and children are estranged from him.
Then, as Barnes says, there follows the most noble declaration in the book. "Conscious of the importance of what he is about to say, he asks that his words might be engraved on the eternal rock, and then professes his confidence in God and his assurance that he would yet appear and vindicate his character. Though now consumed by disease, and though this process should go on till all his flesh was wasted away, yet he had the conviction that God would appear on the earth to deliver him, and that with renovated flesh and in prosperity, he would be permitted to see God for himself."
Zophar and Job.
Zophar recapitulates the old arguments under a new form, and Job replies, closing the second series of the debate. All his strength is collected for this argument as though resolved to answer them once for all. He appeals to facts. The wicked live, grow old, become mighty in power, etc. They openly cast off God and prosper in an irreligious life, although, as he admits, there are some exceptions. They are reserved, however, for the day of destruction and a future retribution they cannot escape.
【욥18:1 MHCC】Bildad had before given Job good advice and encouragement; here he used nothing but rebukes, and declared his ruin. And he concluded that Job shut out the providence of God from the management of human affairs, because he would not admit himself to be wicked.
【욥18:2 JFB】2. ye—the other two friends of Job, whom Bildad charges with having spoken mere "words," that is, empty speeches; opposed to "mark," that is, come to reason, consider the question intelligently; and then let us speak.
【욥18:3 JFB】3. beasts—alluding to what Job said (욥12:7; so 사1:3).
vile—rather from a Hebrew root, "to stop up." "Stubborn," answering to the stupidity implied in the parallel first clause [Umbreit]. Why should we give occasion by your empty speeches for our being mutually reputed, in the sight of Job and one another, as unintelligent? (욥17:4, 10).
【욥18:4 JFB】4. Rather, turning to Job, "thou that tearest thyself in anger" (욥5:2).
be forsaken?—become desolate. He alludes here to Job's words as to the "rock," crumbling away (욥14:18, 19); but in a different application. He says bitterly "for thee." Wert thou not punished as thou art, and as thou art unwilling to bear, the eternal order of the universe would be disturbed and the earth become desolate through unavenged wickedness [Umbreit]. Bildad takes it for granted Job is a great sinner (욥8:3-6; 사24:5, 6). "Shall that which stands fast as a rock be removed for your special accommodation?"
【욥18:5 JFB】5. That (욥18:4) cannot be. The decree of God is unalterable, the light (prosperity) of the wicked shall at length be put out.
his fire—alluding to Arabian hospitality, which prided itself on welcoming the stranger to the fire in the tent, and even lit fires to direct him to it. The ungodly shall be deprived of the means to show hospitality. His dwelling shall be dark and desolate!
【욥18:5 MHCC】Bildad describes the miserable condition of a wicked man; in which there is much certain truth, if we consider that a sinful condition is a sad condition, and that sin will be men's ruin, if they do not repent. Though Bildad thought the application of it to Job was easy, yet it was not safe nor just. It is common for angry disputants to rank their opponents among God's enemies, and to draw wrong conclusions from important truths. The destruction of the wicked is foretold. That destruction is represented under the similitude of a beast or bird caught in a snare, or a malefactor taken into custody. Satan, as he was a murderer, so he was a robber, from the beginning. He, the tempter, lays snares for sinners wherever they go. If he makes them sinful like himself, he will make them miserable like himself. Satan hunts for the precious life. In the transgression of an evil man there is a snare for himself, and God is preparing for his destruction. See here how the sinner runs himself into the snare.
【욥18:6 JFB】6. candle—the lamp which in the East is usually fastened to the ceiling. Oil abounds in those regions, and the lamp was kept burning all night, as now in Egypt, where the poorest would rather dispense with food than the night lamp (시18:28). To put out the lamp was an image of utter desolation.
【욥18:7 JFB】7. steps of his strength—Hebrew, for "His strong steps." A firm step marks health. To be straitened in steps is to be no longer able to move about at will (잠4:12).
his own counsel—Plans shall be the means of his fall (욥5:13).
【욥18:8 JFB】8. he walketh upon—rather, "he lets himself go into the net" [Umbreit]. If the English Version be retained, then understand "snare" to be the pitfall, covered over with branches and earth, which when walked upon give way (시9:15; 35:8).
【욥18:9 JFB】9. robber—rather answering to "gin" in the parallel clause, "the noose shall hold him fast" [Umbreit].
【욥18:11 JFB】11. Terrors—often mentioned in this book (욥18:14; 24:17; &c.). The terrors excited through an evil conscience are here personified. "Magor-missabib" (렘20:3).
drive … to his feet—rather, "shall pursue" (literally, "scatter," 합3:14) him close "at his heels" (literally, "immediately after his feet," 합3:5; 삼상25:42; Hebrew). The image is that of a pursuing conqueror who scatters the enemy [Umbreit].
【욥18:11 MHCC】Bildad describes the destruction wicked people are kept for, in the other world, and which in some degree, often seizes them in this world. The way of sin is the way of fear, and leads to everlasting confusion, of which the present terrors of an impure conscience are earnests, as in Cain and Judas. Miserable indeed is a wicked man's death, how secure soever his life was. See him dying; all that he trusts to for his support shall be taken from him. How happy are the saints, and how indebted to the lord Jesus, by whom death is so far done away and changed, that this king of terrors is become a friend and a servant! See the wicked man's family sunk and cut off. His children shall perish, either with him or after him. Those who consult the true honour of their family, and its welfare, will be afraid of withering all by sin. The judgments of God follow the wicked man after death in this world, as a proof of the misery his soul is in after death, and as an earnest of that everlasting shame and contempt to which he shall rise in the great day. The memory of the just is blessed, but the name of the wicked shall rot, 잠10:7. It would be well if this report of wicked men would cause any to flee from the wrath to come, from which their power, policy, and riches cannot deliver them. But Jesus ever liveth to deliver all who trust in him. Bear up then, suffering believers. Ye shall for a little time have sorrow, but your Beloved, your Saviour, will see you again; your hearts shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh away.
【욥18:12 JFB】12. The Hebrew is brief and bold, "his strength is hungry."
destruction—that is, a great calamity (잠1:27).
ready at his side—close at hand to destroy him (잠19:29).
【욥18:13 JFB】13.Umbreit has "he" for "it," that is, "in the rage of hunger he shall devour his own body"; or, "his own children" (애4:10). Rather, "destruction" from 욥18:12 is nominative to "devour."
strength—rather, "members" (literally, the "branches" of a tree).
the first-born of death—a personification full of poetical horror. The first-born son held the chief place (창49:3); so here the chiefest (most deadly) disease that death has ever engendered (사14:30; "first-born of the poor"—the poorest). The Arabs call fever, "daughter of death."
【욥18:14 JFB】14. confidence—all that the father trusted in for domestic happiness, children, fortune, &c., referring to Job's losses.
rooted out—suddenly torn away, it shall bring—that is, he shall be brought; or, as Umbreit better has, "Thou (God) shalt bring him slowly." The Hebrew expresses, "to stride slowly and solemnly." The godless has a fearful death for long before his eyes, and is at last taken by it. Alluding to Job's case. The King of terrors, not like the heathen Pluto, the tabled ruler of the dead, but Death, with all its terrors to the ungodly, personified.
【욥18:15 JFB】15. It—"Terror" shall haunt, &c., and not as Umbreit, "another," which the last clause of the verse disproves.
none of his—It is his no longer.
brimstone—probably comparing the calamity of Job by the "fire of God" (욥1:16) to the destruction of guilty Sodom by fire and brimstone (창19:24).
【욥18:16 JFB】16. Roots—himself.
branch—his children (욥8:12; 15:30; 말4:1).
【욥18:17 JFB】17. street—Men shall not speak of him in meeting in the highways; rather, "in the field" or "meadow"; the shepherds shall no more mention his name—a picture from nomadic life [Umbreit].
【욥18:18 JFB】18. light … darkness—existence—nonexistence.
【욥18:19 JFB】19. nephew—(so 사14:22). But it is translated "grandson" (창21:23); translate "kinsman."
【욥18:20 JFB】20. after … before—rather, "those in the West—those in the East"; that is, all people; literally, "those behind—those before"; for Orientals in geography turn with their faces to the east (not to the north as we), and back to the west; so that before—east; behind—north (so Z전14:8).
day—of ruin (Ob 12).
affrighted—seized with terror (욥21:6; 사13:8).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.