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■ 욥기 16장
1. 욥이 대답하여 가로되
Then Job answered and said ,
2. 이런 말은 내가 많이 들었나니 너희는 다 번뇌케 하는 안위자로구나
I have heard many such things : miserable comforters are ye all.
3. 허망한 말이 어찌 끝이 있으랴 네가 무엇에 격동되어 이같이 대답하는고
Shall vain words have an end ? or what emboldeneth thee that thou answerest ?
4. 나도 너희처럼 말할 수 있나니 가령 너희 마음이 내 마음 자리에 있다 하자 나도 말을 지어 너희를 치며 너희를 향하여 머리를 흔들 수 있느니라
I also could speak as ye do: if your soul were in my soul’s stead, I could heap up words against you, and shake mine head at you.
5. 그래도 입으로 너희를 강하게 하며 입술의 위로로 너희의 근심을 풀었으리라
But I would strengthen you with my mouth , and the moving of my lips should asswage your grief.
6. 내가 말하여도 내 근심이 풀리지 아니하나니 잠잠한들 어찌 평안하랴
Though I speak , my grief is not asswaged : and though I forbear , what am I eased ?
7. 이제 주께서 나를 곤고케 하시고 나의 무리를 패괴케 하셨나이다
But now he hath made me weary : thou hast made desolate all my company .
8. 주께서 나를 시들게 하셨으니 이는 나를 향하여 증거를 삼으심이라 나의 파리한 모양이 일어나서 대면하여 나의 죄를 증거하나이다
And thou hast filled me with wrinkles , which is a witness against me: and my leanness rising up in me beareth witness to my face .
9. 그는 진노하사 나를 찢고 군박하시며 나를 향하여 이를 갈고 대적이 되어 뾰족한 눈으로 나를 보시고
He teareth me in his wrath , who hateth me: he gnasheth upon me with his teeth ; mine enemy sharpeneth his eyes upon me.
10. 무리들은 나를 향하여 입을 벌리며 나를 천대하여 뺨을 치며 함께 모여 나를 대적하는구나
They have gaped upon me with their mouth ; they have smitten me upon the cheek reproachfully ; they have gathered themselves together against me.
11. 하나님이 나를 경건치 않은 자에게 붙이시며 악인의 손에 던지셨구나
God hath delivered me to the ungodly , and turned me over into the hands of the wicked .
12. 내가 평안하더니 그가 나를 꺾으시며 내 목을 잡아던져 나를 부숴뜨리시며 나를 세워 과녁을 삼으시고
I was at ease , but he hath broken me asunder : he hath also taken me by my neck , and shaken me to pieces , and set me up for his mark .
13. 그 살로 나를 사방으로 쏘아 인정 없이 내 허리를 뚫고 내 쓸개로 땅에 흘러나오게 하시는구나
His archers compass me round about , he cleaveth my reins asunder , and doth not spare ; he poureth out my gall upon the ground .
14. 그가 나를 꺾고 다시 꺾고 용사 같이 내게 달려드시니
He breaketh me with breach upon breach , he runneth upon me like a giant .
15. 내가 굵은 베를 꿰어매어 내 피부에 덮고 내 뿔을 티끌에 더럽혔구나
I have sewed sackcloth upon my skin , and defiled my horn in the dust .
16. 내 얼굴은 울음으로 붉었고 내 눈꺼풀에는 죽음의 그늘이 있구나
My face is foul with weeping , and on my eyelids is the shadow of death ;
17. 그러나 내 손에는 포학이 없고 나의 기도는 정결하니라
Not for any injustice in mine hands : also my prayer is pure .
18. 땅아 내 피를 가리우지 말라 나의 부르짖음으로 쉴 곳이 없게 되기를 원하노라
O earth , cover not thou my blood , and let my cry have no place .
19. 지금 나의 증인이 하늘에 계시고 나의 보인이 높은 데 계시니라
Also now, behold, my witness is in heaven , and my record is on high .
20. 나의 친구는 나를 조롱하나 내 눈은 하나님을 향하여 눈물을 흘리고
My friends scorn me: but mine eye poureth out tears unto God .
21. 사람과 하나님 사이에와 인자와 그 이웃 사이에 변백하시기를 원하노니
O that one might plead for a man with God , as a man pleadeth for his neighbour !
22. 수 년이 지나면 나는 돌아오지 못할 길로 갈 것임이니라
When a few years are come , then I shall go the way whence I shall not return .
■ 주석 보기
【욥16:1 JFB】욥16:1-22. Job's Reply.
【욥16:1 CWC】(1) With Eliphaz, 15-17.
(a) Speech of Eliphaz, 15.
(b) Reply of Job, 16, 17.
(2) With Bildad, 18, 19.
(a) Speech of Bildad, 18.
(b) Reply of Job, 19.
(3) With Zophar, 20, 21.
(a) Speech of Zophar, 20.
(b) Reply of Job, 21.
The second series of the debate is in the same order as the first, and with the same question in view.
Eliphaz and Job.
Eliphaz opens in chapter 15. Job is accused of vehemence and vanity; of casting off fear and restraining prayer; of arrogance and presumption.
God is vindicated by him, and the observation of the sages are quoted. A number of pithy and instructive sayings are used to show that wicked men are subject to sudden alarms and unhappy experiences.
Job replies, renewing his complaint of the way his friends have treated him, and of the intensity and injustice of his sufferings. His appeal is to God before whom his eyes pour out tears. In chapter 17 he prophecies that his trials will yet be a subject of amazement to good men.
Bildad and Job.
Bildad speaks in chapter 18 repeating the former accusation. In his estimation the laws of God's administration are fixed and it is an established principle that the wicked shall be punished in this life, which he illustrates by a number of maxims or proverbs. The student should enumerate these and distinguish between them.
There is nothing new in what Bildad says, but he is enforcing what he has previously advanced with greater emphasis.
In chapter 19 Job speaks more pathetically, exhibiting his character in a beautiful light. His language is sorrowful, his spirit tender and subdued. How long will his friends vex and crush him with their remarks? God has overthrown him, fenced up his way, put away his friends. Even his wife and children are estranged from him.
Then, as Barnes says, there follows the most noble declaration in the book. "Conscious of the importance of what he is about to say, he asks that his words might be engraved on the eternal rock, and then professes his confidence in God and his assurance that he would yet appear and vindicate his character. Though now consumed by disease, and though this process should go on till all his flesh was wasted away, yet he had the conviction that God would appear on the earth to deliver him, and that with renovated flesh and in prosperity, he would be permitted to see God for himself."
Zophar and Job.
Zophar recapitulates the old arguments under a new form, and Job replies, closing the second series of the debate. All his strength is collected for this argument as though resolved to answer them once for all. He appeals to facts. The wicked live, grow old, become mighty in power, etc. They openly cast off God and prosper in an irreligious life, although, as he admits, there are some exceptions. They are reserved, however, for the day of destruction and a future retribution they cannot escape.
【욥16:1 MHCC】Eliphaz had represented Job's discourses as unprofitable, and nothing to the purpose; Job here gives his the same character. Those who pass censures, must expect to have them retorted; it is easy, it is endless, but what good does it do? Angry answers stir up men's passions, but never convince their judgments, nor set truth in a clear light. What Job says of his friends is true of all creatures, in comparison with God; one time or other we shall be made to see and own that miserable comforters are they all. When under convictions of sin, terrors of conscience, or the arrests of death, only the blessed Spirit can comfort effectually; all others, without him, do it miserably, and to no purpose. Whatever our brethren's sorrows are, we ought by sympathy to make them our own; they may soon be so.
【욥16:2 JFB】2. (욥13:4).
【욥16:3 JFB】3. "Words of wind," Hebrew. He retorts upon Eliphaz his reproach (욥15:2).
emboldeneth—literally, "What wearies you so that ye contradict?" that is, What have I said to provoke you? &c. [Schuttens]. Or, as better accords with the first clause, "Wherefore do ye weary yourselves contradicting?" [Umbreit].
【욥16:4 JFB】4. heap up—rather, "marshal together (an army of) words against you."
shake … head—in mockery; it means nodding, rather than shaking; nodding is not with us, as in the East, a gesture of scorn (사37:22; 렘18:16; 마27:39).
【욥16:5 JFB】5. strengthen … with … mouth—bitter irony. In allusion to Eliphaz' boasted "consolations" (욥15:11). Opposed to strengthening with the heart, that is, with real consolation. Translate, "I also (like you) could strengthen with the mouth," that is, with heartless talk: "And the moving of my lips (mere lip comfort) could console (in the same fashion as you do)" [Umbreit]. "Hearty counsel" (잠27:9) is the opposite.
【욥16:6 JFB】6. eased—literally, "What (portion of my sufferings) goes from me?"
【욥16:6 MHCC】Here is a doleful representation of Job's grievances. What reason we have to bless God, that we are not making such complaints! Even good men, when in great troubles, have much ado not to entertain hard thoughts of God. Eliphaz had represented Job as unhumbled under his affliction: No, says Job, I know better things; the dust is now the fittest place for me. In this he reminds us of Christ, who was a man of sorrows, and pronounced those blessed that mourn, for they shall be comforted.
【욥16:7 JFB】7. But now—rather, "ah!"
he—God.
company—rather, "band of witnesses," namely, those who could attest his innocence (his children, servants, &c.). So the same Hebrew is translated in 욥16:8. Umbreit makes his "band of witnesses," himself, for, alas! he had no other witness for him. But this is too recondite.
【욥16:8 JFB】8. filled … with wrinkles—Rather (as also the same Hebrew word in 욥22:16; English Version, "cut down"), "thou hast fettered me, thy witness" (besides cutting off my "band of witnesses," 욥16:7), that is, hast disabled me by pains from properly attesting my innocence. But another "witness" arises against him, namely, his "leanness" or wretched state of body, construed by his friends into a proof of his guilt. The radical meaning of the Hebrew is "to draw together," whence flow the double meaning "to bind" or "fetter," and in Syriac, "to wrinkle."
leanness—meaning also "lie"; implying it was a "false witness."
【욥16:9 JFB】9. Image from a wild beast. So God is represented (욥10:16).
who hateth me—rather, "and pursues me hard." Job would not ascribe "hatred" to God (시50:22).
mine enemy—rather, "he sharpens, &c., as an enemy" (시7:12). Darts wrathful glances at me, like a foe (욥13:24).
【욥16:10 JFB】10. gaped—not in order to devour, but to mock him. To fill his cup of misery, the mockery of his friends (욥16:10) is added to the hostile treatment from God (욥16:9).
smitten … cheek—figurative for contemptuous abuse (애3:30; 마5:39).
gathered themselves—"conspired unanimously" [Schuttens].
【욥16:11 JFB】11. the ungodly—namely, his professed friends, who persecuted him with unkind speeches.
turned me over—literally, "cast me headlong into the hands of the wicked."
【욥16:12 JFB】12. I was at ease—in past times (욥1:1-3).
by my neck—as an animal does its prey (so 욥10:16).
shaken—violently; in contrast to his former "ease" (시102:10). Set me up (again).
mark—(욥7:20; 애3:12). God lets me always recover strength, so as to torment me ceaselessly.
【욥16:13 JFB】13. his archers—The image of 욥16:12 is continued. God, in making me His "mark," is accompanied by the three friends, whose words wound like sharp arrows.
gall—put for a vital part; so the liver (애2:11).
【욥16:14 JFB】14. The image is from storming a fortress by making breaches in the walls (왕하14:13).
a giant—a mighty warrior.
【욥16:15 JFB】15. sewed—denoting the tight fit of the mourning garment; it was a sack with armholes closely sewed to the body.
horn—image from horned cattle, which when excited tear the earth with their horns. The horn was the emblem of power (왕상22:11). Here, it is
in the dust—which as applied to Job denotes his humiliation from former greatness. To throw one's self in the dust was a sign of mourning; this idea is here joined with that of excited despair, depicted by the fury of a horned beast. The Druses of Lebanon still wear horns as an ornament.
【욥16:16 JFB】16. foul—rather, "is red," that is, flushed and heated [Umbreit and Noyes].
shadow of death—that is, darkening through many tears (애5:17). Job here refers to Zophar's implied charge (욥11:14). Nearly the same words occur as to Jesus Christ (사53:9). So 욥16:10 above answers to the description of Jesus Christ (시22:13; 사50:6, and 욥16:4 to 시22:7). He alone realized what Job aspired after, namely, outward righteousness of acts and inward purity of devotion. Jesus Christ as the representative man is typified in some degree in every servant of God in the Old Testament.
【욥16:17 MHCC】Job's condition was very deplorable; but he had the testimony of his conscience for him, that he never allowed himself in any gross sin. No one was ever more ready to acknowledge sins of infirmity. Eliphaz had charged him with hypocrisy in religion, but he specifies prayer, the great act of religion, and professes that in this he was pure, though not from all infirmity. He had a God to go to, who he doubted not took full notice of all his sorrows. Those who pour out tears before God, though they cannot plead for themselves, by reason of their defects, have a Friend to plead for them, even the Son of man, and on him we must ground all our hopes of acceptance with God. To die, is to go the way whence we shall not return. We must all of us, very certainly, and very shortly, go this journey. Should not then the Saviour be precious to our souls? And ought we not to be ready to obey and to suffer for his sake? If our consciences are sprinkled with his atoning blood, and testify that we are not living in sin or hypocrisy, when we go the way whence we shall not return, it will be a release from prison, and an entrance into everlasting happiness.
【욥16:18 JFB】18. my blood—that is, my undeserved suffering. He compares himself to one murdered, whose blood the earth refuses to drink up until he is avenged (창4:10, 11; 겔24:1, 8; 사26:21). The Arabs say that the dew of heaven will not descend on a spot watered with innocent blood (compare 삼하1:21).
no place—no resting-place. "May my cry never stop!" May it go abroad! "Earth" in this verse in antithesis to "heaven" (욥16:19). May my innocence be as well-known to man as it is even now to God!
【욥16:19 JFB】19. Also now—Even now, when I am so greatly misunderstood on earth, God in heaven is sensible of my innocence.
record—Hebrew, "in the high places"; Hebrew, "my witness." Amidst all his impatience, Job still trusts in God.
【욥16:20 JFB】20.Hebrew, "are my scorners"; more forcibly, "my mockers—my friends!" A heart-cutting paradox [Umbreit]. God alone remains to whom he can look for attestation of his innocence; plaintively with tearful eye, he supplicates for this.
【욥16:21 JFB】21. one—rather, "He" (God). "Oh, that He would plead for a man (namely, me) against God." Job quaintly says, "God must support me against God; for He makes me to suffer, and He alone knows me to be innocent" [Umbreit]. So God helped Jacob in wrestling against Himself (compare 욥23:6; 창32:25). God in Jesus Christ does plead with God for man (롬8:26, 27).
as a man—literally, "the Son of man." A prefiguring of the advocacy of Jesus Christ—a boon longed for by Job (욥9:33), though the spiritual pregnancy of his own words, designed for all ages, was but little understood by him (시80:17).
for his neighbour—Hebrew, "friend." Job himself (욥42:8) pleaded as intercessor for his "friends," though "his scorners" (욥16:20); so Jesus Christ the Son of man (Lu 23:34); "for friends" (요15:13-15).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.