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■ 욥기 15장
1. 데만 사람 엘리바스가 대답하여 가로되
Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite , and said ,
2. 지혜로운 자가 어찌 헛된 지식으로 대답하겠느냐 어찌 동풍으로 그 품에 채우겠느냐
Should a wise man utter vain knowledge , and fill his belly with the east wind ?
3. 어찌 유조치 아니한 이야기, 무익한 말로 변론하겠느냐
Should he reason with unprofitable talk ? or with speeches wherewith he can do no good ?
4. 참으로 네가 하나님 경외하는 일을 폐하여 하나님 앞에 묵도하기를 그치게 하는구나
Yea, thou castest off fear , and restrainest prayer before God .
5. 네 죄악이 네 입을 가르치나니 네가 간사한 자의 혀를 택하였구나
For thy mouth uttereth thine iniquity , and thou choosest the tongue of the crafty .
6. 너를 정죄한 것은 내가 아니요 네 입이라 네 입술이 너를 쳐서 증거하느니라
Thine own mouth condemneth thee, and not I: yea, thine own lips testify against thee.
7. 네가 제일 처음 난 사람이냐 산들이 있기 전에 네가 출생하였느냐
Art thou the first man that was born ? or wast thou made before the hills ?
8. 하나님의 모의를 네가 들었느냐 지혜를 홀로 가졌느냐
Hast thou heard the secret of God ? and dost thou restrain wisdom to thyself?
9. 너의 아는 것이 무엇이기로 우리가 알지 못하겠느냐 너의 깨달은 것이 무엇이기로 우리에게는 없겠느냐
What knowest thou, that we know not? what understandest thou, which is not in us?
10. 우리 중에는 머리가 세기도 하고 연로하기도 하여 네 부친보다 나이 많은 자가 있느니라
With us are both the grayheaded and very aged men, much elder than thy father .
11. 하나님의 위로와 네게 온유하게 하시는 말씀을 네가 어찌 작다 하느냐
Are the consolations of God small with thee? is there any secret thing with thee?
12. 어찌하여 네가 마음에 끌리며 네 눈을 번쩍여
Why doth thine heart carry thee away ? and what do thy eyes wink at ,
13. 네 영으로 하나님을 반대하고 네 입으로 말들을 내느냐
That thou turnest thy spirit against God , and lettest such words go out of thy mouth ?
14. 사람이 무엇이관대 깨끗하겠느냐 여인에게서 난 자가 무엇이관대 의롭겠느냐
What is man , that he should be clean ? and he which is born of a woman , that he should be righteous ?
15. 하나님은 그 거룩한 자들을 믿지 아니하시나니 하늘이라도 그의 보시기에 부정하거든
Behold, he putteth no trust in his saints ; yea, the heavens are not clean in his sight .
16. 하물며 악을 짓기를 물 마심 같이 하는 가증하고 부패한 사람이겠느냐
How much more abominable and filthy is man , which drinketh iniquity like water ?
17. 내가 네게 보이리니 나를 들으라 내가 본 것을 설명하리라
I will shew thee, hear me; and that which I have seen I will declare ;
18. 이는 곧 지혜로운 자들이 그 열조에게서 받아 숨기지 아니하고 전하여 온 것이라
Which wise men have told from their fathers , and have not hid it:
19. 이 땅은 그들에게만 주셨으므로 외인은 그들 중에 왕래하지 못하였었느니라
Unto whom alone the earth was given , and no stranger passed among them.
20. 그 말에 이르기를 악인은 그 일평생에 고통을 당하며 강포자의 햇수는 작정되었으므로
The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days , and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor .
21. 그 귀에는 놀라운 소리가 들리고 그 형통할 때에 멸망시키는 자가 그에게 임하리니
A dreadful sound is in his ears : in prosperity the destroyer shall come upon him.
22. 그가 어두운 데서 나오기를 바라지 못하고 칼날의 기다림이 되느니라
He believeth not that he shall return out of darkness , and he is waited for of the sword .
23. 그는 유리하며 식물을 구하여 이르기를 어디 있느냐 하며 흑암한 날이 가까운 줄을 스스로 아느니라
He wandereth abroad for bread , saying, Where is it? he knoweth that the day of darkness is ready at his hand .
24. 환난과 고통이 그를 두렵게 하며 싸움을 준비한 왕처럼 그를 쳐서 이기리니
Trouble and anguish shall make him afraid ; they shall prevail against him, as a king ready to the battle .
25. 이는 그 손을 들어 하나님을 대적하며 교만하여 전능자를 배반함이니라
For he stretcheth out his hand against God , and strengtheneth himself against the Almighty .
26. 그는 목을 굳게 하고 두터운 방패로 하나님을 치려고 달려가나니
He runneth upon him, even on his neck , upon the thick bosses of his bucklers :
27. 그 얼굴에는 살이 찌고 허리에는 기름이 엉기었고
Because he covereth his face with his fatness , and maketh collops of fat on his flanks .
28. 그는 황무한 성읍, 사람이 살지 아니하는 집, 돌 무더기가 될 곳에 거하였음이니라
And he dwelleth in desolate cities , and in houses which no man inhabiteth , which are ready to become heaps .
29. 그는 부요하지 못하고 재산이 항상 있지 못하며 그 산업이 땅에서 증식하지 못할 것이며
He shall not be rich , neither shall his substance continue , neither shall he prolong the perfection thereof upon the earth .
30. 흑암한 데를 떠나지 못하리니 불꽃이 그 가지를 말릴 것이라 하나님의 입김에 그가 떠나리라
He shall not depart out of darkness ; the flame shall dry up his branches , and by the breath of his mouth shall he go away .
31. 그는 스스로 속아 허망한 것을 믿지 말 것은 허망한 것이 그의 보응이 될 것임이라
Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity : for vanity shall be his recompence .
32. 그의 날이 이르기 전에 그 일이 이룰 것인즉 그 가지가 푸르지 못하리니
It shall be accomplished before his time , and his branch shall not be green .
33. 포도열매가 익기 전에 떨어짐 같고 감람 꽃이 곧 떨어짐 같으리라
He shall shake off his unripe grape as the vine , and shall cast off his flower as the olive .
34. 사곡한 무리는 결실이 없고 뇌물을 받는 자의 장막은 불탈 것이라
For the congregation of hypocrites shall be desolate , and fire shall consume the tabernacles of bribery .
35. 그들은 악한 생각을 배고 불의를 낳으며 마음에 궤휼을 예비한다 하였느니라
They conceive mischief , and bring forth vanity , and their belly prepareth deceit .
■ 주석 보기
【욥15:1 JFB】욥15:1-35. Second Speech of Eliphaz.
【욥15:1 CWC】(1) With Eliphaz, 15-17.
(a) Speech of Eliphaz, 15.
(b) Reply of Job, 16, 17.
(2) With Bildad, 18, 19.
(a) Speech of Bildad, 18.
(b) Reply of Job, 19.
(3) With Zophar, 20, 21.
(a) Speech of Zophar, 20.
(b) Reply of Job, 21.
The second series of the debate is in the same order as the first, and with the same question in view.
Eliphaz and Job.
Eliphaz opens in chapter 15. Job is accused of vehemence and vanity; of casting off fear and restraining prayer; of arrogance and presumption.
God is vindicated by him, and the observation of the sages are quoted. A number of pithy and instructive sayings are used to show that wicked men are subject to sudden alarms and unhappy experiences.
Job replies, renewing his complaint of the way his friends have treated him, and of the intensity and injustice of his sufferings. His appeal is to God before whom his eyes pour out tears. In chapter 17 he prophecies that his trials will yet be a subject of amazement to good men.
Bildad and Job.
Bildad speaks in chapter 18 repeating the former accusation. In his estimation the laws of God's administration are fixed and it is an established principle that the wicked shall be punished in this life, which he illustrates by a number of maxims or proverbs. The student should enumerate these and distinguish between them.
There is nothing new in what Bildad says, but he is enforcing what he has previously advanced with greater emphasis.
In chapter 19 Job speaks more pathetically, exhibiting his character in a beautiful light. His language is sorrowful, his spirit tender and subdued. How long will his friends vex and crush him with their remarks? God has overthrown him, fenced up his way, put away his friends. Even his wife and children are estranged from him.
Then, as Barnes says, there follows the most noble declaration in the book. "Conscious of the importance of what he is about to say, he asks that his words might be engraved on the eternal rock, and then professes his confidence in God and his assurance that he would yet appear and vindicate his character. Though now consumed by disease, and though this process should go on till all his flesh was wasted away, yet he had the conviction that God would appear on the earth to deliver him, and that with renovated flesh and in prosperity, he would be permitted to see God for himself."
Zophar and Job.
Zophar recapitulates the old arguments under a new form, and Job replies, closing the second series of the debate. All his strength is collected for this argument as though resolved to answer them once for all. He appeals to facts. The wicked live, grow old, become mighty in power, etc. They openly cast off God and prosper in an irreligious life, although, as he admits, there are some exceptions. They are reserved, however, for the day of destruction and a future retribution they cannot escape.
【욥15:1 MHCC】Eliphaz begins a second attack upon Job, instead of being softened by his complaints. He unjustly charges Job with casting off the fear of God, and all regard to him, and restraining prayer. See in what religion is summed up, fearing God, and praying to him; the former the most needful principle, the latter the most needful practice. Eliphaz charges Job with self-conceit. He charges him with contempt of the counsels and comforts given him by his friends. We are apt to think that which we ourselves say is important, when others, with reason, think little of it. He charges him with opposition to God. Eliphaz ought not to have put harsh constructions upon the words of one well known for piety, and now in temptation. It is plain that these disputants were deeply convinced of the doctrine of original sin, and the total depravity of human nature. Shall we not admire the patience of God in bearing with us? and still more his love to us in the redemption of Christ Jesus his beloved Son?
【욥15:2 JFB】2. a wise man—which Job claims to be.
vain knowledge—Hebrew, "windy knowledge"; literally, "of wind" (욥8:2). In 전1:14, Hebrew, "to catch wind," expresses to strive for what is vain.
east wind—stronger than the previous "wind," for in that region the east wind is the most destructive of winds (사27:8). Thus here,—empty violence.
belly—the inward parts, the breast (잠18:8).
【욥15:4 JFB】4. fear—reverence for God (욥4:6; 시2:11).
prayer—meditation, in 시104:34; so devotion. If thy views were right, reasons Eliphaz, that God disregards the afflictions of the righteous and makes the wicked to prosper, all devotion would be at an end.
【욥15:5 JFB】5. The sophistry of thine own speeches proves thy guilt.
【욥15:6 JFB】6. No pious man would utter such sentiments.
【욥15:7 JFB】7. That is, Art thou wisdom personified? Wisdom existed before the hills; that is, the eternal Son of God (잠8:25; 시90:2). Wast thou in existence before Adam? The farther back one existed, the nearer he was to the Eternal Wisdom.
【욥15:8 JFB】8. secret—rather, "Wast thou a listener in the secret council of God?" The Hebrew means properly the cushions of a divan on which counsellors in the East usually sit. God's servants are admitted to God's secrets (시25:14; 창18:17; 요15:15).
restrain—Rather, didst thou take away, or borrow, thence (namely, from the divine secret council) thy wisdom? Eliphaz in this (욥15:8, 9) retorts Job's words upon himself (욥12:2, 3; 13:2).
【욥15:9 JFB】9. in us—or, "with us," Hebraism for "we are aware of."
【욥15:10 JFB】10. On our side, thinking with us are the aged. Job had admitted that wisdom is with them (욥12:12). Eliphaz seems to have been himself older than Job; perhaps the other two were also (욥32:6). Job, in 욥30:1, does not refer to his three friends; it therefore forms no objection. The Arabs are proud of fulness of years.
【욥15:11 JFB】11. consolations—namely, the revelation which Eliphaz had stated as a consolatory reproof to Job, and which he repeats in 욥15:14.
secret—Hast thou some secret wisdom and source of consolation, which makes thee disregard those suggested by me? (욥15:8). Rather, from a different Hebrew root, Is the word of kindness or gentleness addressed by me treated by thee as valueless? [Umbreit].
【욥15:12 JFB】12. wink—that is, why do thy eyes evince pride? (잠6:13; 시35:19).
【욥15:13 JFB】13. That is, frettest against God and lettest fall rash words.
【욥15:14 JFB】14. Eliphaz repeats the revelation (욥4:17) in substance, but using Job's own words (see on 욥14:1, on "born of a woman") to strike him with his own weapons.
【욥15:15 JFB】15. Repeated from 욥4:18; "servants" there are "saints" here; namely, holy angels.
heavens—literally, or else answering to "angels" (see on 욥4:18, and 욥25:5).
【욥15:16 JFB】16. filthy—in Arabic "sour" (시14:3; 53:3), corrupted from his original purity.
drinketh—(잠19:28).
【욥15:17 JFB】17. In direct contradiction of Job's position (욥12:6, &c.), that the lot of the wicked was the most prosperous here, Eliphaz appeals (1) to his own experience, (2) to the wisdom of the ancients.
【욥15:17 MHCC】Eliphaz maintains that the wicked are certainly miserable: whence he would infer, that the miserable are certainly wicked, and therefore Job was so. But because many of God's people have prospered in this world, it does not therefore follow that those who are crossed and made poor, as Job, are not God's people. Eliphaz shows also that wicked people, particularly oppressors, are subject to continual terror, live very uncomfortably, and perish very miserably. Will the prosperity of presumptuous sinners end miserably as here described? Then let the mischiefs which befal others, be our warnings. Though no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous, but grievous, nevertheless, afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruits of righteousness to them that are exercised thereby. No calamity, no trouble, however heavy, however severe, can rob a follower of the Lord of his favour. What shall separate him from the love of Christ?
【욥15:18 JFB】18. Rather, "and which as handed down from their fathers, they have not concealed."
【욥15:19 JFB】19. Eliphaz speaks like a genuine Arab when he boasts that his ancestors had ever possessed the land unmixed with foreigners [Umbreit]. His words are intended to oppose Job's (욥9:24); "the earth" in their case was not "given into the hand of the wicked." He refers to the division of the earth by divine appointment (창10:5; 25:32). Also he may insinuate that Job's sentiments had been corrupted from original purity by his vicinity to the Sabeans and Chaldeans [Rosenmuller].
【욥15:20 JFB】20. travaileth—rather, "trembleth of himself," though there is no real danger [Umbreit].
and the number of his years, &c.—This gives the reason why the wicked man trembles continually; namely, because he knows not the moment when his life must end.
【욥15:21 JFB】21. An evil conscience conceives alarm at every sudden sound, though it be in a time of peace ("prosperity"), when there is no real danger (레26:36; 잠28:1; 왕하7:6).
【욥15:22 JFB】22. darkness—namely, danger or calamity. Glancing at Job, who despaired of restoration: in contrast to good men when in darkness (미7:8, 9).
waited for of—that is, He is destined for the sword [Gesenius]. Rather (in the night of danger), "he looks anxiously towards the sword," as if every sword was drawn against him [Umbreit].
【욥15:23 JFB】23. Wandereth in anxious search for bread. Famine in Old Testament depicts sore need (사5:13). Contrast the pious man's lot (욥5:20-22).
knoweth—has the firm conviction. Contrast the same word applied to the pious (욥5:24, 25).
ready at his hand—an Arabic phrase to denote a thing's complete readiness and full presence, as if in the hand.
【욥15:24 JFB】24. prevail—break upon him suddenly and terribly, as a king, &c. (잠6:11).
【욥15:25 JFB】25. stretcheth … hand—wielding the spear, as a bold rebel against God (욥9:4; 사27:4).
【욥15:26 JFB】26. on his neck—rather, "with outstretched neck," namely, that of the rebel [Umbreit] (시75:5).
upon … bucklers—rather, "with—his (the rebel's, not God's) bucklers." The rebel and his fellows are depicted as joining shields together, to form a compact covering over their heads against the weapons hurled on them from a fortress [Umbreit and Gesenius].
【욥15:27 JFB】27. The well-nourished body of the rebel is the sign of his prosperity.
collops—masses of fat. He pampers and fattens himself with sensual indulgences; hence his rebellion against God (신32:15; 삼상2:29).
【욥15:28 JFB】28. The class of wicked here described is that of robbers who plunder "cities," and seize on the houses of the banished citizens (사13:20). Eliphaz chooses this class because Job had chosen the same (욥12:6).
heaps—of ruins.
【욥15:29 JFB】29. Rather, he shall not increase his riches; he has reached his highest point; his prosperity shall not continue.
perfection—rather, "His acquired wealth—what he possesses—shall not be extended," &c.
【욥15:30 JFB】30. depart—that is, escape (욥15:22, 23).
branches—namely, his offspring (욥1:18, 19; 시37:35).
dry up—The "flame" is the sultry wind in the East by which plants most full of sap are suddenly shrivelled.
his mouth—that is, God's wrath (사11:4).
【욥15:31 JFB】31. Rather, "let him not trust in vanity or he will be deceived," &c.
vanity—that which is unsubstantial. Sin is its own punishment (잠1:31; 렘2:19).
【욥15:32 JFB】32. Literally, "it (the tree to which he is compared, 욥15:30, or else his life) shall not be filled up in its time"; that is, "he shall be ended before his time."
shall not be green—image from a withered tree; the childless extinction of the wicked.
【욥15:33 JFB】33. Images of incompleteness. The loss of the unripe grapes is poetically made the vine tree's own act, in order to express more pointedly that the sinner's ruin is the fruit of his own conduct (사3:11; 렘6:19).
【욥15:34 JFB】34. Rather, The binding together of the hypocrites (wicked) shall be fruitless [Umbreit].
tabernacles of bribery—namely, dwellings of unjust judges, often reprobated in the Old Testament (사1:23). The "fire of God" that consumed Job's possessions (욥1:16) Eliphaz insinuates may have been on account of Job's bribery as an Arab sheik or emir.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.