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■ 요한복음 6장
1. 그 후에 예수께서 갈릴리 바다 곧 디베랴 바다 건너편으로 가시매
After these things Jesus went over the sea of Galilee , which is the sea of Tiberias .
2. 큰 무리가 따르니 이는 병인들에게 행하시는 표적을 봄이러라
And a great multitude followed him , because they saw his miracles which he did on them that were diseased .
3. 예수께서 산에 오르사 제자들과 함께 거기 앉으시니
And Jesus went up into a mountain , and there he sat with his disciples .
4. 마침 유대인의 명절인 유월절이 가까운지라
And the passover , a feast of the Jews , was nigh .
5. 예수께서 눈을 들어 큰 무리가 자기에게로 오는 것을 보시고 빌립에게 이르시되 우리가 어디서 떡을 사서 이 사람들로 먹게 하겠느냐 하시니
When Jesus then lifted up his eyes , and saw a great company come unto him , he saith unto Philip , Whence shall we buy bread , that these may eat ?
6. 이렇게 말씀하심은 친히 어떻게 하실 것을 아시고 빌립을 시험코자 하심이라
And this he said to prove him : for he himself knew what he would do .
7. 빌립이 대답하되 각 사람으로 조금씩 받게 할지라도 이백 데나리온의 떡이 부족하리이다
Philip answered him , Two hundred pennyworth of bread is not sufficient for them , that every one of them may take a little .
8. 제자 중 하나 곧 시몬 베드로의 형제 안드레가 예수께 여짜오되
One of his disciples , Andrew , Simon Peter’s brother , saith unto him ,
9. 여기 한 아이가 있어 보리떡 다섯 개와 물고기 두 마리를 가졌나이다 그러나 그것이 이 많은 사람에게 얼마나 되겠삽나이까
There is a lad here , which hath five barley loaves , and two small fishes : but what are they among so many ?
10. 예수께서 가라사대 이 사람들로 앉게 하라 하신대 그곳에 잔디가 많은지라 사람들이 앉으니 수효가 오천 쯤 되더라
And Jesus said , Make the men sit down . Now there was much grass in the place . So the men sat down , in number about five thousand .
11. 예수께서 떡을 가져 축사하신 후에 앉은 자들에게 나눠 주시고 고기도 그렇게 저희의 원대로 주시다
And Jesus took the loaves ; and when he had given thanks , he distributed to the disciples , and the disciples to them that were set down ; and likewise of the fishes as much as they would .
12. 저희가 배부른 후에 예수께서 제자들에게 이르시되 남은 조각을 거두고 버리는 것이 없게 하라 하시므로
When they were filled , he said unto his disciples , Gather up the fragments that remain , that nothing be lost .
13. 이에 거두니 보리떡 다섯 개로 먹고 남은 조각이 열두 바구니에 찼더라
Therefore they gathered them together , and filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves , which remained over and above unto them that had eaten .
14. 그 사람들이 예수의 행하신 이 표적을 보고 말하되 이는 참으로 세상에 오실 그 선지자라 하더라
Then those men , when they had seen the miracle that Jesus did , said , This is of a truth that prophet that should come into the world .
15. 그러므로 예수께서 저희가 와서 자기를 억지로 잡아 임금 삼으려는 줄을 아시고 다시 혼자 산으로 떠나 가시니라
When Jesus therefore perceived that they would come and take him by force , to make him a king , he departed again into a mountain himself alone .
16. 저물매 제자들이 바다에 내려가서
And when even was now come , his disciples went down unto the sea ,
17. 배를 타고 바다를 건너 가버나움으로 가는데 이미 어두웠고 예수는 아직 저희에게 오시지 아니하셨더니
And entered into a ship , and went over the sea toward Capernaum . And it was now dark , and Jesus was not come to them .
18. 큰 바람이 불어 파도가 일어나더라
And the sea arose by reason of a great wind that blew .
19. 제자들이 노를 저어 십여 리쯤 가다가 예수께서 바다 위로 걸어 배에 가까이 오심을 보고 두려워하거늘
So when they had rowed about five and twenty or thirty furlongs , they see Jesus walking on the sea , and drawing nigh unto the ship : and they were afraid .
20. 가라사대 내니 두려워 말라 하신대
But he saith unto them , It is I ; be not afraid .
21. 이에 기뻐서 배로 영접하니 배는 곧 저희의 가려던 땅에 이르렀더라
Then they willingly received him into the ship : and immediately the ship was at the land whither they went .
22. 이튿날 바다 건너편에 섰는 무리가 배 한 척 밖에 다른 배가 거기 없는 것과 또 어제 예수께서 제자들과 함께 그 배에 오르지 아니하시고 제자들만 가는 것을 보았더니
The day following , when the people which stood on the other side of the sea saw that there was none other boat there , save that one whereinto his disciples were entered , and that Jesus went not with his disciples into the boat , but that his disciples were gone away alone ;
23. (그러나 디베랴에서 배들이 주의 축사하신 후 여럿이 떡 먹던 그곳에 가까이 왔더라)
(Howbeit there came other boats from Tiberias nigh unto the place where they did eat bread , after that the Lord had given thanks :)
24. 무리가 거기 예수도 없으시고 제자들도 없음을 보고 곧 배들을 타고 예수를 찾으러 가버나움으로 가서
When the people therefore saw that Jesus was not there , neither his disciples , they also took shipping , and came to Capernaum , seeking for Jesus .
25. 바다 건너편에서 만나 랍비여 어느 때에 여기 오셨나이까 하니
And when they had found him on the other side of the sea , they said unto him , Rabbi , when camest thou hither ?
26. 예수께서 대답하여 가라사대 내가 진실로 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 너희가 나를 찾는 것은 표적을 본 까닭이 아니요 떡을 먹고 배부른 까닭이로다
Jesus answered them and said , Verily , verily , I say unto you , Ye seek me , not because ye saw the miracles , but because ye did eat of the loaves , and were filled .
27. 썩는 양식을 위하여 일하지 말고 영생하도록 있는 양식을 위하여 하라 이 양식은 인자가 너희에게 주리니 인자는 아버지 하나님의 인치신 자니라
Labour not for the meat which perisheth , but for that meat which endureth unto everlasting life , which the Son of man shall give unto you : for him hath God the Father sealed .
28. 저희가 묻되 우리가 어떻게 하여야 하나님의 일을 하오리이까
Then said they unto him , What shall we do , that we might work the works of God ?
29. 예수께서 대답하여 가라사대 하나님의 보내신 자를 믿는 것이 하나님의 일이니라 하시니
Jesus answered and said unto them , This is the work of God , that ye believe on him whom he hath sent .
30. 저희가 묻되 그러면 우리로 보고 당신을 믿게 행하시는 표적이 무엇이니이까 하시는 일이 무엇이니이까
They said therefore unto him , What sign shewest thou then , that we may see , and believe thee ? what dost thou work ?
31. 기록된 바 하늘에서 저희에게 떡을 주어 먹게 하였다 함과 같이 우리 조상들은 광야에서 만나를 먹었나이다
Our fathers did eat manna in the desert ; as it is written , He gave them bread from heaven to eat .
32. 예수께서 이르시되 내가 진실로 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 하늘에서 내린 떡은 모세가 준 것이 아니라 오직 내 아버지가 하늘에서 내린 참 떡을 너희에게 주시나니
Then Jesus said unto them , Verily , verily , I say unto you , Moses gave you not that bread from heaven ; but my Father giveth you the true bread from heaven .
33. 하나님의 떡은 하늘에서 내려 세상에게 생명을 주는 것이니라
For the bread of God is he which cometh down from heaven , and giveth life unto the world .
34. 저희가 가로되 주여 이 떡을 항상 우리에게 주소서
Then said they unto him , Lord , evermore give us this bread .
35. 예수께서 가라사대 내가 곧 생명의 떡이니 내게 오는 자는 결코 주리지 아니할 터이요 나를 믿는 자는 영원히 목마르지 아니하리라
And Jesus said unto them , I am the bread of life : he that cometh to me shall never hunger ; and he that believeth on me shall never thirst .
36. 그러나 내가 너희더러 이르기를 너희는 나를 보고도 믿지 아니하는도다 하였느니라
But I said unto you , That ye also have seen me , and believe not .
37. 아버지께서 내게 주시는 자는 다 내게로 올 것이요 내게 오는 자는 내가 결코 내어 쫓지 아니하리라
All that the Father giveth me shall come to me ; and him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out .
38. 내가 하늘로서 내려온 것은 내 뜻을 행하려 함이 아니요
For I came down from heaven , not to do mine own will , but the will of him that sent me .
39. 나를 보내신 이의 뜻을 행하려 함이니라 나를 보내신 이의 뜻은 내게 주신 자 중에 내가 하나도 잃어버리지 아니하고 마지막날에 다시 살리는 이것이니라
And this is the Father’s will which hath sent me , that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing , but should raise it up again at the last day .
40. 내 아버지의 뜻은 아들을 보고 믿는 자마다 영생을 얻는 이것이니 마지막 날에 내가 이를 다시 살리리라 하시니라
And this is the will of him that sent me , that every one which seeth the Son , and believeth on him , may have everlasting life : and I will raise him up at the last day .
41. 자기가 하늘로서 내려온 떡이라 하시므로 유대인들이 예수께 대하여 수군거려
The Jews then murmured at him , because he said , I am the bread which came down from heaven .
42. 가로되 이는 요셉의 아들 예수가 아니냐 그 부모를 우리가 아는데 제가 지금 어찌하여 하늘로서 내려왔다 하느냐
And they said , Is not this Jesus , the son of Joseph , whose father and mother we know ? how is it then that he saith , I came down from heaven ?
43. 예수께서 대답하여 가라사대 너희는 서로 수군거리지 말라
Jesus therefore answered and said unto them , Murmur not among yourselves .
44. 나를 보내신 아버지께서 이끌지 아니하면 아무라도 내게 올 수 없으니 오는 그를 내가 마지막 날에 다시 살리리라
No man can come to me , except the Father which hath sent me draw him : and I will raise him up at the last day .
45. 선지자의 글에 저희가 다 하나님의 가르치심을 받으리라 기록되었은즉 아버지께 듣고 배운 사람마다 내게로 오느니라
It is written in the prophets , And they shall be all taught of God . Every man therefore that hath heard , and hath learned of the Father , cometh unto me .
46. 이는 아버지를 본 자가 다 있는 것이 아니라 오직 하나님에게서 온 자만 아버지를 보았느니라
Not that any man hath seen the Father , save he which is of God , he hath seen the Father .
47. 진실로 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 믿는 자는 영생을 가졌나니
Verily , verily , I say unto you , He that believeth on me hath everlasting life .
48. 내가 곧 생명의 떡이로라
I am that bread of life .
49. 너희 조상들은 광야에서 만나를 먹었어도 죽었거니와
Your fathers did eat manna in the wilderness , and are dead .
50. 이는 하늘로서 내려오는 떡이니 사람으로 하여금 먹고 죽지 아니하게 하는 것이니라
This is the bread which cometh down from heaven , that a man may eat thereof , and not die .
51. 나는 하늘로서 내려온 산 떡이니 사람이 이 떡을 먹으면 영생하리라 나의 줄 떡은 곧 세상의 생명을 위한 내 살이로라 하시니라
I am the living bread which came down from heaven : if any man eat of this bread , he shall live for ever : and the bread that I will give is my flesh , which I will give for the life of the world .
52. 이러므로 유대인들이 서로 다투어 가로되 이 사람이 어찌 능히 제 살을 우리에게 주어 먹게 하겠느냐
The Jews therefore strove among themselves , saying , How can this man give us his flesh to eat ?
53. 예수께서 이르시되 내가 진실로 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 인자의 살을 먹지 아니하고 인자의 피를 마시지 아니하면 너희 속에 생명이 없느니라
Then Jesus said unto them , Verily , verily , I say unto you , Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man , and drink his blood , ye have no life in you .
54. 내 살을 먹고 내 피를 마시는 자는 영생을 가졌고 마지막 날에 내가 그를 다시 살리리니
Whoso eateth my flesh , and drinketh my blood , hath eternal life ; and I will raise him up at the last day .
55. 내 살은 참된 양식이요 내 피는 참된 음료로다
For my flesh is meat indeed , and my blood is drink indeed .
56. 내 살을 먹고 내 피를 마시는 자는 내 안에 거하고 나도 그 안에 거하나니
He that eateth my flesh , and drinketh my blood , dwelleth in me , and I in him .
57. 살아 계신 아버지께서 나를 보내시매 내가 아버지로 인하여 사는 것 같이 나를 먹는 그 사람도 나로 인하여 살리라
As the living Father hath sent me , and I live by the Father : so he that eateth me , even he shall live by me .
58. 이것은 하늘로서 내려온 떡이니 조상들이 먹고도 죽은 그것과 같지 아니하여 이 떡을 먹는 자는 영원히 살리라
This is that bread which came down from heaven : not as your fathers did eat manna , and are dead : he that eateth of this bread shall live for ever .
59. 이 말씀은 예수께서 가버나움 회당에서 가르치실 때에 하셨느니라
These things said he in the synagogue , as he taught in Capernaum .
60. 제자 중 여럿이 듣고 말하되 이 말씀은 어렵도다 누가 들을 수 있느냐 한대
Many therefore of his disciples , when they had heard this, said , This is an hard saying ; who can hear it ?
61. 예수께서 스스로 제자들이 이 말씀에 대하여 수근거리는 줄 아시고 가라사대 이 말이 너희에게 걸림이 되느냐
When Jesus knew in himself that his disciples murmured at it , he said unto them , Doth this offend you ?
62. 그러면 너희가 인자의 이전 있던 곳으로 올라가는 것을 볼 것 같으면 어찌 하려느냐
What and if ye shall see the Son of man ascend up where he was before ?
63. 살리는 것은 영이니 육은 무익하니라 내가 너희에게 이른 말이 영이요 생명이라
It is the spirit that quickeneth ; the flesh profiteth nothing : the words that I speak unto you , they are spirit , and they are life .
64. 그러나 너희 중에 믿지 아니하는 자들이 있느니라 하시니 이는 예수께서 믿지 아니하는 자들이 누구며 자기를 팔 자가 누군지 처음부터 아심이러라
But there are some of you that believe not . For Jesus knew from the beginning who they were that believed not , and who should betray him .
65. 또 가라사대 이러하므로 전에 너희에게 말하기를 내 아버지께서 오게 하여 주지 아니하시면 누구든지 내게 올 수 없다 하였노라 하시니라
And he said , Therefore said I unto you , that no man can come unto me , except it were given unto him of my Father .
66. 이러므로 제자 중에 많이 물러가고 다시 그와 함께 다니지 아니하더라
From that time many of his disciples went back , and walked no more with him .
67. 예수께서 열두 제자에게 이르시되 너희도 가려느냐
Then said Jesus unto the twelve , Will ye also go away ?
68. 시몬 베드로가 대답하여 주여 영생의 말씀이 계시매 우리가 뉘게로 가오리이까
Then Simon Peter answered him , Lord , to whom shall we go ? thou hast the words of eternal life .
69. 우리가 주는 하나님의 거룩한신 자신 줄 믿고 알았삽나이다
And we believe and are sure that thou art that Christ , the Son of the living God .
70. 예수께서 대답하시되 내가 너희 열둘을 택하지 아니하였느냐 그러나 너희 중에 한 사람은 마귀니라 하시니
Jesus answered them , Have not I chosen you twelve , and one of you is a devil ?
71. 이 말씀은 가룟 시몬의 아들 유다를 가리키심이라 저는 열둘 중의 하나로 예수를 팔 자러라
He spake of Judas Iscariot the son of Simon : for he it was that should betray him , being one of the twelve .
■ 주석 보기
【요6:1 JFB】요6:1-13. Five Thousand Miraculously Fed.
(See on 막6:31-44).
【요6:1 CWC】1. This visit like the second was occasioned by the Passover, and a year later (6). What miracle was wrought on this occasion (5:2-9)? With what effect on the unbelieving Jews (10-16)? How does Jesus justify such labor on the Sabbath day (17)? On what two-fold ground did His enemies seek to kill Him (18)? The latter of these grounds, because He said "God was His Father," is deeply important. The Revised Version translates it because "He also called God His OWN Father." The Jews understood Him to declare God to be His Father in a sense in which He was not the Father of other men. This is why they said He made "Himself equal with God." The importance of this is seen in that it contains a direct claim on Jesus' part to be equal with God, i. e., a claim of absolute Deity.
The Jews so regarded His words, and Jesus took no pains to correct that impression, on the contrary, His words that follow are an argument, to prove that He was God. Almost all the verses down to 31 prove this, but especially verse 22,. This discourse concludes with a supplementary one on the Four Witnesses (32-47). We have here cited by Jesus Himself, the witness of John the Baptist (32-35), the witness of His own marvelous works (36), the witness of the Father (37, 38), and the witness of the Holy Scriptures (39), but how vain so far as moving the wills of His unbelieving countrymen was concerned (40)!
2. Leaving Judea again, where do we next find Jesus (6:1-3)? What miracle is associated therewith (5-13)? This is one of the few miracles found in the other gospels which is also recorded by John, and for the reason doubtless of leading up to the discourse on the Living Bread. What effect had this miracle on those who saw it (14)? What did they propose to do with Jesus in consequence of their opinion (15)? What did the knowledge of their purpose lead Jesus to do? What bearing has His action on the incident in chapter 18:10, 11, and His words before Pilate in the same chapter, verse 36? To what place did Jesus depart? What miracle took place during the night (16-21)? Where next do we find Jesus (22-24)? It is at this point the discourse is given to which reference has been made, and which is one of those which give the gospel its distinctively spiritual character. At what place was this discourse given (59)? How does it seem to have been received by the people generally (41, 52)? How by the disciples (60, 66)? What foreshadowing of His death does He reveal (66-71)? Why did He confine His ministry to Galilee just now (7:1)?
3. The importance of these two chapters grow on one as establishing the Deity of Christ, and the vital character of the work for man which He came into the world to do. As illustrating the latter, consider especially verses 37-40 in the discourse on the Living Bread: (1), the Father gives His chosen ones to the Son; (2), the Son receives all such; (3) the reason for His so doing is His devotion to His Father's will; (4), His will is that He lose none of those the Father gives Him; (5), the means by which this choice of the Father becomes operative in individual cases is faith, "believing on" the Son.
Another way to treat this chapter is to divide it into four parts designated by the attitude of the multitude towards our Lord; (1), Discussion (four dialogs) (25-40); (2), Dissatisfaction, (41-51); Dissension (52-59); Defection; (60-66). The foregoing is quoted from an unknown source.
【요6:1 MHCC】John relates the miracle of feeding the multitude, for its reference to the following discourse. Observe the effect this miracle had upon the people. Even the common Jews expected the Messiah to come into the world, and to be a great Prophet. The Pharisees despised them as not knowing the law; but they knew most of Him who is the end of the law. Yet men may acknowledge Christ as that Prophet, and still turn a deaf ear to him.
【요6:3 JFB】3. a mountain—somewhere in that hilly range which skirts the east side of the lake.
【요6:4 JFB】4. passover … was nigh—but for the reason mentioned (요7:1), Jesus kept away from it, remaining in Galilee.
【요6:14 JFB】요6:14-21. Jesus Walks on the Sea.
(Also see on 막6:45-56).
14, 15. that prophet—(See on 요1:21).
【요6:15 JFB】15. departed … to a mountain himself alone—(1) to rest, which He came to this "desert place" on purpose to do before the miracle of the loaves, but could not for the multitude that followed Him (see 막6:31); and (2) "to pray" (마14:23; 막6:46). But from His mountain-top He kept watching the ship (see on 요6:18), and doubtless prayed both for them, and with a view to the new manifestation which He was to give them of His glory.
【요6:15 MHCC】Here were Christ's disciples in the way of duty, and Christ was praying for them; yet they were in distress. There may be perils and afflictions of this present time, where there is an interest in Christ. Clouds and darkness often surround the children of the light and of the day. They see Jesus walking on the sea. Even the approaches of comfort and deliverance often are so mistaken, as to become the occasions of fear. Nothing is more powerful to convince sinners than that word, “I am Jesus whom thou persecutest;” nothing more powerful to comfort saints than this, “I am Jesus whom thou lovest.” If we have received Christ Jesus the Lord, though the night be dark, and the wind high, yet we may comfort ourselves, we shall be at the shore before long.
【요6:16 JFB】16, 17. when even was come—(See on 막6:35).
entered into a ship—"constrained" to do so by their Master (마14:22; 막6:45), in order to put an end to the misdirected excitement in His favor (요6:15), into which the disciples themselves may have been somewhat drawn. The word "constrained" implies reluctance on their part, perhaps from unwillingness to part with their Master and embark at night, leaving Him alone on the mountain.
went—rather, "were proceeding."
toward Capernaum—Mark says (막6:45), "unto Bethsaida," meaning "Bethsaida of Galilee" (요12:21), on the west side of the lake. The place they left was of the same name (see on 막6:32).
Jesus was not come to them—They probably lingered in hopes of His still joining them, and so let the darkness come on.
【요6:18 JFB】18, 19. sea arose, &c.—and they were "now in the midst of it" (마14:24). Mark adds the graphic and touching particular, "He saw them toiling in rowing" (막6:48), putting forth all their strength to buffet the waves and bear on against a head wind, but to little effect. He saw this from His mountain-top, and through the darkness of the night, for His heart was all with them; yet would He not go to their relief till His own time came.
【요6:19 JFB】19. they see Jesus—"about the fourth watch of the night" (마14:25; 막6:48), or between three and six in the morning.
walking on the sea—What Job (욥9:8) celebrates as the distinguishing prerogative of God, "Who alone spreadeth out the heavens, and TREADETH UPON THE WAVES OF THE SEA"—What Agur challenges as God's unapproachable prerogative, to "GATHER THE WIND IN His fists, and BIND THE WATERS IN A GARMENT" (잠30:4)—lo! this is here done in flesh, by "THE Son of man."
drawing nigh to the ship—yet as though He "would have passed by them," 막6:48 (compare Lu 24:28; 창18:3, 5; 32:24-26).
they were afraid—"cried out for fear" (마14:26), "supposing it had been a spirit" (막6:49). He would appear to them at first like a dark moving speck upon the waters; then as a human figure, but—in the dark tempestuous sky, and not dreaming that it could be their Lord—they take it for a spirit. (How often thus we miscall our chiefest mercies—not only thinking them distant when they are near, but thinking the best the worst!)
【요6:20 JFB】20. It is I; be not afraid—Matthew (마14:27) and Mark (막6:50) give before these exhilarating words, that to them well-known one, "Be of good cheer!"
【요6:21 JFB】21. willingly received him into the ship—their first fears being now converted into wonder and delight.
and immediately the ship was at the land—This additional miracle, for as such it is manifestly related, is recorded here alone. Yet all that is meant seems to be that as the storm was suddenly calmed, so the little bark—propelled by the secret power of the Lord of Nature now sailing in it—glided through the now unruffled waters, and while they were wrapt in wonder at what had happened, not heeding their rapid motion, was found at port, to their still further surprise.
【요6:22 JFB】요6:22-71. Jesus Followed by the Multitudes to Capernaum, Discourses to Them in the Synagogue of the Bread of Life—Effect of This on Two Classes of the Disciples.
22-24. These verses are a little involved, from the Evangelist's desire to mention every circumstance, however minute, that might call up the scene as vividly to the reader as it stood before his own view.
The day following—the miracle of the loaves, and the stormy night; the day on which they landed at Capernaum.
the people which stood on the other side of the sea—not the whole multitude that had been fed, but only such of them as remained over night about the shore, that is, on the east side of the lake; for we are supposed to have come, with Jesus and His disciples in the ship, to the west side, to Capernaum.
saw that there was none other boat there, &c.—The meaning is, the people had observed that there had been only one boat on the east side where they were; namely, the one in which the disciples had crossed at night to the other, the west side, and they had also observed that Jesus had not gone on board that boat, but His disciples had put off without Him:
【요6:22 MHCC】Instead of answering the inquiry how he came there, Jesus blamed their asking. The utmost earnestness should be employed in seeking salvation, in the use of appointed means; yet it is to be sought only as the gift of the Son of man. Him the Father has sealed, proved to be God. He declared the Son of man to be the Son of God with power.
【요6:23 JFB】23. Howbeit, &c.—"Howbeit," adds the Evangelist, in a lively parenthesis, "there came other boats from Tiberias" (which lay near the southwest coast of the lake), whose passengers were part of the multitude that had followed Jesus to the east side, and been miraculously fed; these boats were fastened somewhere (says the Evangelist)
nigh unto the place where they did eat bread, after that the Lord had given thanks—thus he refers to the glorious "miracle of the loaves"—and now they were put in requisition to convey the people back again to the west side. For when "the people saw that Jesus was not there, neither His disciples, they also took shipping [in these boats] and came to Capernaum, seeking for Jesus."
【요6:25 JFB】25. when they had found him on the other side—at Capernaum.
they said, &c.—astonished at His being there, and wondering how He could have accomplished it, whether by land or water, and when He came; for being quite unaware of His having walked upon the sea and landed with the disciples in the ship, they could not see how, unless He had travelled all night round the head of the lake alone, He could have reached Capernaum, and even then, how He could have arrived before themselves.
【요6:26 JFB】26. Ye seek me, &c.—Jesus does not put them through their difficulty, says nothing of His treading on the waves of the sea, nor even notices their question, but takes advantage of the favorable moment for pointing out to them how forward, flippant, and superficial were their views, and how low their desires. "Ye seek Me not because ye saw the miracles"—literally, "the signs," that is, supernatural tokens of a higher presence, and a divine commission, "but because ye did eat of the loaves and were filled." From this He proceeds at once to that other Bread, just as, with the woman of Samaria, to that other Water (요4:9-15). We should have supposed all that follows to have been delivered by the wayside, or wherever they happened first to meet. But from 요6:59 we gather that they had probably met about the door of the synagogue—"for that was the day in which they assembled in their synagogues" [Lightfoot]—and that on being asked, at the close of the service, if He had any word of exhortation to the people, He had taken the two breads, the perishing and the living bread, for the subject of His profound and extraordinary discourse.
【요6:27 JFB】27. which the Son of man—taking that title of Himself which denoted His incarnate life.
shall give unto you—in the sense of 요6:51.
him hath God the Father sealed—marked out and authenticated for that transcendent office, to impart to the world the bread of an everlasting life, and this in the character of "the Son of man."
【요6:28 JFB】28-31. What shall we do … the works of God—such works as God will approve. Different answers may be given to such a question, according to the spirit which prompts the inquiry. (See 호6:6-8; Lu 3:12-14). Here our Lord, knowing whom He had to deal with, shapes His reply accordingly.
【요6:28 MHCC】Constant exercise of faith in Christ, is the most important and difficult part of the obedience required from us, as sinners seeking salvation. When by his grace we are enabled to live a life of faith in the Son of God, holy tempers follow, and acceptable services may be done. God, even his Father, who gave their fathers that food from heaven to support their natural lives, now gave them the true Bread for the salvation of their souls. Coming to Jesus, and believing on him, signify the same. Christ shows that he is the true Bread; he is to the soul what bread is to the body, nourishes and supports the spiritual life. He is the Bread of God. Bread which the Father gives, which he has made to be the food of our souls. Bread nourishes only by the powers of a living body; but Christ is himself living Bread, and nourishes by his own power. The doctrine of Christ crucified is now as strengthening and comforting to a believer as ever it was. He is the Bread which came down from heaven. It denotes the Divinity of Christ's person and his authority; also, the Divine origin of all the good which flows to us through him. May we with understanding and earnestness say, Lord, evermore give us this Bread.
【요6:29 JFB】29. This is the work of God—That lies at the threshold of all acceptable obedience, being not only the prerequisite to it, but the proper spring of it—in that sense, the work of works, emphatically "the work of God."
【요6:30 JFB】30. What sign showest thou, &c.—But how could they ask "a sign," when many of them scarce a day before had witnessed such a "sign" as had never till then been vouchsafed to men; when after witnessing it, they could hardly be restrained from making Him a king; when they followed Him from the one side of the lake to the other; and when, in the opening words of this very discourse, He had chided them for seeking Him, "not because they saw the signs," but for the loaves? The truth seems to be that they were confounded by the novel claims which our Lord had just advanced. In proposing to make Him a king, it was for far other purposes than dispensing to the world the bread of an everlasting life; and when He seemed to raise His claims even higher still, by representing it as the grand "work of God," that they should believe on Himself as His Sent One, they saw very clearly that He was making a demand upon them beyond anything they were prepared to accord to Him, and beyond all that man had ever before made. Hence their question, "What dost Thou work?"
【요6:31 JFB】31. Our fathers did eat manna, &c.—insinuating the inferiority of Christ's miracle of the loaves to those of Moses: "When Moses claimed the confidence of the fathers, 'he gave them bread from heaven to eat'—not for a few thousands, but for millions, and not once only, but daily throughout their wilderness journey."
【요6:32 JFB】32, 33. Moses gave you not, &c.—"It was not Moses that gave you the manna, and even it was but from the lower heavens; 'but My Father giveth you the true bread,' and that 'from heaven.'"
【요6:33 JFB】33. For the bread of God is he, &c.—This verse is perhaps best left in its own transparent grandeur—holding up the Bread Itself as divine, spiritual, and eternal; its ordained Fountain and essential Substance, "Him who came down from heaven to give it" (that Eternal Life which was with the Father and was manifested unto us, 요일1:2); and its designed objects, "the world."
【요6:34 JFB】34. Lord, evermore give us this bread—speaking now with a certain reverence (as at 요6:25), the perpetuity of the manna floating perhaps in their minds, and much like the Samaritan woman, when her eyes were but half opened, "Sir, give Me this water," &c. (요4:15).
【요6:35 JFB】35. I am the bread of life—Henceforth the discourse is all in the first person, "I," "Me," which occur in one form or other, as Stier reckons, thirty-five times.
he that cometh to me—to obtain what the soul craves, and as the only all-sufficient and ordained source of supply.
hunger … thirst—shall have conscious and abiding satisfaction.
【요6:36 JFB】36. But … ye have seen me, and believe not—seen Him not in His mere bodily presence, but in all the majesty of His life, His teaching, His works.
【요6:36 MHCC】The discovery of their guilt, danger, and remedy, by the teaching of the Holy Spirit, makes men willing and glad to come, and to give up every thing which hinders applying to him for salvation. The Father's will is, that not one of those who were given to the Son, should be rejected or lost by him. No one will come, till Divine grace has subdued, and in part changed his heart; therefore no one who comes will ever be cast out. The gospel finds none willing to be saved in the humbling, holy manner, made known therein; but God draws with his word and the Holy Ghost; and man's duty is to hear and learn; that is to say, to receive the grace offered, and consent to the promise. None had seen the Father but his beloved Son; and the Jews must expect to be taught by his inward power upon their minds, and by his word, and the ministers whom he sent among them.
【요6:37 JFB】37-40. All that, &c.—This comprehensive and very grand passage is expressed with a peculiar artistic precision. The opening general statement (요6:37) consists of two members: (1) "All that the Father Giveth me shall come to me"—that is, "Though ye, as I told you, have no faith in Me, My errand into the world shall in no wise be defeated; for all that the Father giveth Me shall infallibly come to Me." Observe, what is given Him by the Father is expressed in the singular number and neuter gender—literally, "everything"; while those who come to Him are put in the masculine gender and singular number—"every one." The whole mass, so to speak, is gifted by the Father to the Son as a unity, which the Son evolves, one by one, in the execution of His trust. So 요17:2, "that He should give eternal life to all that which Thou hast given Him" [Bengel]. This "shall" expresses the glorious certainty of it, the Father being pledged to see to it that the gift be no empty mockery. (2) "And him that cometh to me I WILL IN NO WISE CAST OUT." As the former was the divine, this is just the human side of the same thing. True, the "coming" ones of the second clause are just the "given" ones of the first. But had our Lord merely said, "When those that have been given Me of My Father shall come to Me, I will receive them"—besides being very flat, the impression conveyed would have been quite different, sounding as if there were no other laws in operation, in the movement of sinners to Christ, but such as are wholly divine and inscrutable to us; whereas, though He does speak of it as a sublime certainty which men's refusals cannot frustrate, He speaks of that certainty as taking effect only by men's voluntary advances to Him and acceptance of Him—"Him that cometh to Me," "whosoever will," throwing the door wide open. Only it is not the simply willing, but the actually coming, whom He will not cast out; for the word here employed usually denotes arrival, as distinguished from the ordinary word, which rather expresses the act of coming (see 요8:42, Greek), [Webster and Wilkinson]. "In no wise" is an emphatic negative, to meet the fears of the timid (as in 계21:27, to meet the presumption of the hardened). These, then, being the two members of the general opening statement, what follows is meant to take in both,
【요6:38 JFB】38. For I came down from heaven not to do Mine own will—to play an independent part.
but—in respect to both the foregoing things, the divine and the human side of salvation.
the will of Him that sent Me—What this twofold will of Him that sent Him is, we are next sublimely told (요6:39, 40):
【요6:39 JFB】39. And this—in the first place.
is the will of Him that sent me, that of all—everything.
which He hath given Me—(taking up the identical words of 요6:37).
I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day—The meaning is not, of course, that He is charged to keep the objects entrusted to Him as He received them, so as they should merely suffer nothing in His hands. For as they were just "perishing" sinners of Adam's family, to let "nothing" of such "be lost," but "raise them up at the last day," must involve, first, giving His flesh for them (요6:51), that they "might not perish, but have everlasting life"; and then, after "keeping them from falling," raising their sleeping dust in incorruption and glory, and presenting them, body and soul, perfect and entire, wanting nothing, to Him who gave them to Him, saying, "Behold I and the children which God hath given Me." So much for the first will of Him that sent Him, the divine side of man's salvation, whose every stage and movement is inscrutable to us, but infallibly certain.
【요6:40 JFB】40. And this—in the second place.
is the will of Him that sent Me, that every one which seeth the Son and believeth on Him—seeing the Son believeth on Him.
may have everlasting life, and I will raise him up at the last day—This is the human side of the same thing as in the foregoing verse, and answering to "Him that cometh unto Me I will in no wise cast out"; that is, I have it expressly in charge that everyone that so "beholdeth" (so vieweth) the Son as to believe on Him shall have everlasting life; and, that none of Him be lost, "I will raise him up at the last day." (See on 요6:54).
【요6:41 JFB】41-46. Jews murmured—muttered, not in our Lord's hearing, but He knew it (요6:43; 요2:25).
he said, I am the bread, &c.—Missing the sense and glory of this, and having no relish for such sublimities, they harp upon the "Bread from heaven." "What can this mean? Do we not know all about Him—where, when, and of whom He was born? And yet He says He came down from heaven!"
【요6:43 JFB】43, 44. Murmur not … No man—that is, Be not either startled or stumbled at these sayings; for it needs divine teaching to understand them, divine drawing to submit to them.
【요6:44 JFB】44. can come to me—in the sense of 요6:35.
except the Father which hath sent me—that is, the Father as the Sender of Me and to carry out the design of My mission.
draw him—by an internal and efficacious operation; though by all the means of rational conviction, and in a way altogether consonant to their moral nature (아1:4; 렘31:3; 호11:3, 4).
raise him up, &c.—(See on 요6:54).
【요6:45 JFB】45. written in the prophets—in 사54:13; 렘31:33, 34; other similar passages may also have been in view. Our Lord thus falls back upon Scripture authority for this seemingly hard saying.
all taught of God—not by external revelation merely, but by internal illumination, corresponding to the "drawing" of 요6:44.
Every man therefore, &c.—that is, who hath been thus efficaciously taught of Him.
cometh unto me—with absolute certainty, yet in the sense above given of "drawing"; that is, "As none can come to Me but as divinely drawn, so none thus drawn shall fail to come."
【요6:46 JFB】46. Not that any man hath seen, &c.—Lest they should confound that "hearing and learning of the Father," to which believers are admitted by divine teaching, with His own immediate access to Him, He here throws in a parenthetical explanation; stating, as explicitly as words could do it, how totally different the two cases were, and that only He who is "from God" hath this naked, immediate access to the Father. (See 요1:18).
【요6:47 JFB】47-51. He that believeth, &c.—(See on 요3:36; 요5:24).
【요6:47 MHCC】The advantage of the manna was small, it only referred to this life; but the living Bread is so excellent, that the man who feedeth on it shall never die. This bread is Christ's human nature, which he took to present to the Father, as a sacrifice for the sins of the world; to purchase all things pertaining to life and godliness, for sinners of every nation, who repent and believe in him.
【요6:48 JFB】48. I am the bread of life—"As he that believeth in Me hath everlasting life, so I am Myself the everlasting Sustenance of that life." (Repeated from 요6:35).
【요6:49 JFB】49. Your fathers—of whom ye spake (요6:31); not "ours," by which He would hint that He had a higher descent, of which they dreamt not [Bengel].
did eat manna … and are dead—recurring to their own point about the manna, as one of the noblest of the ordained preparatory illustrations of His own office: "Your fathers, ye say, ate manna in the wilderness; and ye say well, for so they did, but they are dead—even they whose carcasses fell in the wilderness did eat of that bread; the Bread whereof I speak cometh down from heaven, which the manna never did, that men, eating of it, may live for ever."
【요6:51 JFB】51. I am, &c.—Understand, it is of Myself I now speak as the Bread from heaven; of Meif a man eat he shall live for ever; and "THE Bread which i will give is my Flesh, which i will give for the life of the world." Here, for the first time in this high discourse, our Lord explicitly introduces His sacrificial death—for only rationalists can doubt this not only as that which constitutes Him the Bread of life to men, but as THAT very element IN Him which possesses the life-giving virtue.—"From this time we hear no more (in this discourse) of "Bread"; this figure is dropped, and the reality takes its place" [Stier]. The words "I will give" may be compared with the words of institution at the Supper, "This is My body which is given for you" (Lu 22:19), or in Paul's report of it, "broken for you" (고전11:24).
【요6:52 JFB】52. Jews strove among themselves—arguing the point together.
How can, &c.—that is, Give us His flesh to eat? Absurd.
【요6:52 MHCC】The flesh and blood of the Son of man, denote the Redeemer in the nature of man; Christ and him crucified, and the redemption wrought out by him, with all the precious benefits of redemption; pardon of sin, acceptance with God, the way to the throne of grace, the promises of the covenant, and eternal life. These are called the flesh and blood of Christ, because they are purchased by the breaking his body, and the shedding of his blood. Also, because they are meat and drink to our souls. Eating this flesh and drinking this blood mean believing in Christ. We partake of Christ and his benefits by faith. The soul that rightly knows its state and wants, finds whatever can calm the conscience, and promote true holiness, in the redeemer, God manifest in the flesh. Meditating upon the cross of Christ gives life to our repentance, love, and gratitude. We live by him, as our bodies live by our food. We live by him, as the members by the head, the branches by the root: because he lives we shall live also.
【요6:53 JFB】53-58. Except ye eat the flesh … and drink the blood … no life, &c.—The harshest word He had yet uttered in their ears. They asked how it was possible to eat His flesh. He answers, with great solemnity, "It is indispensable." Yet even here a thoughtful hearer might find something to temper the harshness. He says they must not only "eat His flesh" but "drink His blood," which could not but suggest the idea of His death—implied in the separation of one's flesh from his blood. And as He had already hinted that it was to be something very different from a natural death, saying, "My flesh I will give for the life of the world" (요6:51), it must have been pretty plain to candid hearers that He meant something above the gross idea which the bare terms expressed. And farther, when He added that they "had no life in them unless they thus ate and drank," it was impossible they should think He meant that the temporal life they were then living was dependent on their eating and drinking, in this gross sense, His flesh and blood. Yet the whole statement was certainly confounding, and beyond doubt was meant to be so. Our Lord had told them that in spite of all they had "seen" in Him, they "did not believe" (요6:36). For their conviction therefore he does not here lay Himself out; but having the ear not only of them but of the more candid and thoughtful in the crowded synagogue, and the miracle of the loaves having led up to the most exalted of all views of His Person and Office, He takes advantage of their very difficulties and objections to announce, for all time, those most profound truths which are here expressed, regardless of the disgust of the unteachable, and the prejudices even of the most sincere, which His language would seem only designed to deepen. The truth really conveyed here is no other than that expressed in 요6:51, though in more emphatic terms—that He Himself, in the virtue of His sacrificial death, is the spiritual and eternal life of men; and that unless men voluntarily appropriate to themselves this death, in its sacrificial virtue, so as to become the very life and nourishment of their inner man, they have no spiritual and eternal life at all. Not as if His death were the only thing of value, but it is what gives all else in Christ's Incarnate Person, Life, and Office, their whole value to us sinners.
【요6:54 JFB】54. Whoso eateth … hath, &c.—The former verse said that unless they partook of Him they had no life; this adds, that whoever does so "hath eternal life."
and I will raise him up at the last day—For the fourth time this is repeated (see 요6:39, 40, 44)—showing most clearly that the "eternal life" which such a man "hath" cannot be the same with the future resurrection life from which it is carefully distinguished each time, but a life communicated here below immediately on believing (요3:36; 5:24, 25); and giving to the resurrection of the body as that which consummates the redemption of the entire man, a prominence which in the current theology, it is to be feared, it has seldom had. (See 롬8:23; 고전15:1-58, throughout).
【요6:56 JFB】56. He that eateth … dwelleth in me and I in him—As our food becomes incorporated with ourselves, so Christ and those who eat His flesh and drink His blood become spiritually one life, though personally distinct.
【요6:57 JFB】57. As the living Father hath sent me—to communicate His own life.
and I live by the Father—literally, "because of the Father"; My life and His being one, but Mine that of a Son, whose it is to be "of the Father." (See 요1:18; 5:26).
he that eateth me, … shall live by me—literally, "because of Me." So that though one spiritual life with Him, "the Head of every man is Christ, as the head of Christ is God" (고전11:3; 3:23).
【요6:58 JFB】58. This is that bread, &c.—a sort of summing up of the whole discourse, on which let this one further remark suffice—that as our Lord, instead of softening down His figurative sublimities, or even putting them in naked phraseology, leaves the great truths of His Person and Office, and our participation of Him and it, enshrined for all time in those glorious forms of speech, so when we attempt to strip the truth of these figures, figures though they be, it goes away from us, like water when the vessel is broken, and our wisdom lies in raising our own spirit, and attuning our own ear, to our Lord's chosen modes of expression. (It should be added that although this discourse has nothing to do with the Sacrament of the Supper, the Sacrament has everything to do with it, as the visible embodiment of these figures, and, to the believing partaker, a real, yea, and the most lively and affecting participation of His flesh and blood, and nourishment thereby of the spiritual and eternal life, here below).
【요6:59 JFB】59. These things said he in the synagogue—which seems to imply that what follows took place after the congregation had broken up.
【요6:60 JFB】60-65. Many … of his disciples—His pretty constant followers, though an outer circle of them.
hard saying—not merely harsh, but insufferable, as the word often means in the Old Testament.
who can hear—submit to listen to it.
【요6:60 MHCC】The human nature of Christ had not before been in heaven, but being God and man, that wondrous Person was truly said to have come down from heaven. The Messiah's kingdom was not of this world; and they were to understand by faith, what he had said of a spiritual living upon him, and his fulness. As without the soul of man the flesh is of no value, so without the quickening Spirit of God all forms of religion are dead and worthless. He who made this provision for our souls, alone can teach us these things, and draw us unto Christ, that we may live by faith in him. Let us apply to Christ, thankful that it is declared that every one who is willing to come unto him shall be made welcome.
【요6:61 JFB】61, 62. Doth this offend … What and if, &c.—that is, "If ye are stumbled at what I have said, how will ye bear what I now say?" Not that His ascension itself would stumble them more than His death, but that after recoiling from the mention of the one, they would not be in a state of mind to take in the other.
【요6:63 JFB】63. the flesh profiteth nothing—Much of His discourse was about "flesh"; but flesh as such, mere flesh, could profit nothing, much less impart that life which the Holy Spirit alone communicates to the soul.
the words that I speak … are spirit and … life—The whole burden of the discourse is "spirit," not mere flesh, and "life" in its highest, not its lowest sense, and the words I have employed are to be interpreted solely in that sense.
【요6:64 JFB】64. But there are some, &c.—that is, "But it matters little to some of you in what sense I speak, for ye believe not." This was said, adds the Evangelist, not merely of the outer but of the inner circle of His disciples; for He knew the traitor, though it was not yet time to expose him.
【요6:65 JFB】65. Therefore said I, &c.—that is, "That was why I spoke to you of the necessity of divine teaching which some of you are strangers to."
except it were given him—plainly showing that by the Father's "drawing" (요6:44) was meant an internal and efficacious operation, for in recalling the statement here He says, it must be "given to a man to come" to Christ.
【요6:66 JFB】66-71. From that time, &c.—or, in consequence of this. Those last words of our Lord seemed to have given them the finishing stroke—they could not stand it any longer.
walked no more—Many a journey, it may be, they had taken with Him, but now they gave Him up finally!
【요6:66 MHCC】When we admit into our minds hard thoughts of the words and works of Jesus, we enter into temptation, which, if the Lord in mercy prevent not, will end in drawing back. The corrupt and wicked heart of man often makes that an occasion for offence, which is matter of the greatest comfort. Our Lord had, in the foregoing discourse, promised eternal life to his followers; the disciples fastened on that plain saying, and resolved to cleave to him, when others fastened on hard sayings, and forsook him. Christ's doctrine is the word of eternal life, therefore we must live and die by it. If we forsake Christ, we forsake our own mercies. They believed that this Jesus was the Messiah promised to their fathers, the Son of the living God. When we are tempted to backslide or turn away, it is good to remember first principles, and to keep to them. And let us ever remember our Lord's searching question; Shall we go away and forsake our Redeemer? To whom can we go? He alone can give salvation by the forgiveness of sins. And this alone brings confidence, comfort, and joy, and bids fear and despondency flee away. It gains the only solid happiness in this world, and opens a way to the happiness of the next.
【요6:67 JFB】67. the twelve—the first time they are thus mentioned in this Gospel.
Will ye also go away?—Affecting appeal! Evidently Christ felt the desertion of Him even by those miserable men who could not abide His statements; and seeing a disturbance even of the wheat by the violence of the wind which blew away the chaff (not yet visibly showing itself, but open to His eyes of fire), He would nip it in the bud by this home question.
【요6:68 JFB】68. Then Simon Peter—whose forwardness in this case was noble, and to the wounded spirit of His Lord doubtless very grateful.
Lord, to whom, &c.—that is, "We cannot deny that we have been staggered as well as they, and seeing so many go away who, as we thought, might have been retained by teaching a little less hard to take in, our own endurance has been severely tried, nor have we been able to stop short of the question, Shall we follow the rest, and give it up? But when it came to this, our light returned, and our hearts were reassured. For as soon as we thought of going away, there arose upon us that awful question, 'To whom shall we go?' To the lifeless formalism and wretched traditions of the elders? to the gods many and lords many of the heathen around us? or to blank unbelief? Nay, Lord, we are shut up. They have none of that 'ETERNAL LIFE' to offer us whereof Thou hast been discoursing, in words rich and ravishing as well as in words staggering to human wisdom. That life we cannot want; that life we have learnt to crave as a necessity of the deeper nature which Thou hast awakened: 'the words of that eternal life' (the authority to reveal it and the power to confer it). Thou hast: Therefore will we stay with Thee—we must."
【요6:69 JFB】69. And we believe,—(See on 마16:16). Peter seems to have added this not merely—probably not so much—as an assurance to his Lord of his heart's belief in Him, as for the purpose of fortifying himself and his faithful brethren against that recoil from his Lord's harsh statements which he was probably struggling against with difficulty at that moment. Note.—There are seasons when one's faith is tried to the utmost, particularly by speculative difficulties; the spiritual eye then swims, and all truth seems ready to depart from us. At such seasons, a clear perception that to abandon the faith of Christ is to face black desolation, ruin and death; and on recoiling from this, to be able to fall back, not merely on first principles and immovable foundations, but on personal experience of a Living Lord in whom all truth is wrapt up and made flesh for our very benefit—this is a relief unspeakable. Under that blessed Wing taking shelter, until we are again fit to grapple with the questions that have staggered us, we at length either find our way through them, or attain to a calm satisfaction in the discovery that they lie beyond the limits of present apprehension.
【요6:70 JFB】70. Have not I chosen … and one of you is a devil:—"Well said, Simon-Barjonas, but that 'we' embraces not so wide a circle as in the simplicity of thine heart thou thinkest; for though I have chosen you but twelve, one even of these is a 'devil'" (the temple, the tool of that wicked one).
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.