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■ 요한복음 15장
1. 내가 참 포도나무요 내 아버지는 그 농부라
I am the true vine , and my Father is the husbandman .
2. 무릇 내게 있어 과실을 맺지 아니하는 가지는 아버지께서 이를 제해 버리시고 무릇 과실을 맺는 가지는 더 과실을 맺게 하려 하여 이를 깨끗케 하시느니라
Every branch in me that beareth not fruit he taketh away : and every branch that beareth fruit , he purgeth it , that it may bring forth more fruit .
3. 너희는 내가 일러 준 말로 이미 깨끗하였으니
Now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you .
4. 내 안에 거하라 나도 너희 안에 거하리라 가지가 포도나무에 붙어 있지 아니하면 절로 과실을 맺을 수 없음 같이 너희도 내 안에 있지 아니하면 그러하리라
Abide in me , and I in you . As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself , except it abide in the vine ; no more can ye , except ye abide in me .
5. 나는 포도나무요 너희는 가지니 저가 내 안에, 내가 저 안에 있으면 이 사람은 과실을 많이 맺나니 나를 떠나서는 너희가 아무 것도 할 수 없음이라
I am the vine , ye are the branches : He that abideth in me , and I in him , the same bringeth forth much fruit : for without me ye can do nothing .
6. 사람이 내 안에 거하지 아니하면 가지처럼 밖에 버리워 말라지나니 사람들이 이것을 모아다가 불에 던져 사르느니라
If a man abide not in me , he is cast forth as a branch , and is withered ; and men gather them , and cast them into the fire , and they are burned .
7. 너희가 내 안에 거하고 내 말이 너희 안에 거하면 무엇이든지 원하는 대로 구하라 그리하면 이루리라
If ye abide in me , and my words abide in you , ye shall ask what ye will , and it shall be done unto you .
8. 너희가 과실을 많이 맺으면 내 아버지께서 영광을 받으실 것이요 너희가 내 제자가 되리라
Herein is my Father glorified , that ye bear much fruit ; so shall ye be my disciples .
9. 아버지께서 나를 사랑하신 것 같이 나도 너희를 사랑하였으니 나의 사랑 안에 거하라
As the Father hath loved me , so have I loved you : continue ye in my love .
10. 내가 아버지의 계명을 지켜 그의 사랑 안에 거하는 것 같이 너희도 내 계명을 지키면 내 사랑 안에 거하리라
If ye keep my commandments , ye shall abide in my love ; even as I have kept my Father’s commandments , and abide in his love .
11. 내가 이것을 너희에게 이름은 내 기쁨이 너희 안에 있어 너희 기쁨을 충만하게 하려 함이니라
These things have I spoken unto you , that my joy might remain in you , and that your joy might be full .
12. 내 계명은 곧 내가 너희를 사랑한 것 같이 너희도 서로 사랑하라 하는 이것이니라
This is my commandment , That ye love one another , as I have loved you .
13. 사람이 친구를 위하여 자기 목숨을 버리면 이에서 더 큰 사랑이 없나니
Greater love hath no man than this , that a man lay down his life for his friends .
14. 너희가 나의 명하는 대로 행하면 곧 나의 친구라
Ye are my friends , if ye do whatsoever I command you .
15. 이제부터는 너희를 종이라 하지 아니하리니 종은 주인의 하는 것을 알지 못함이라 너희를 친구라 하였노니 내가 내 아버지께 들은 것을 다 너희에게 알게 하였음이니라
Henceforth I call you not servants ; for the servant knoweth not what his lord doeth : but I have called you friends ; for all things that I have heard of my Father I have made known unto you .
16. 너희가 나를 택한 것이 아니요 내가 너희를 택하여 세웠나니 이는 너희로 가서 과실을 맺게 하고 또 너희 과실이 항상 있게 하여 내 이름으로 아버지께 무엇을 구하든지 다 받게 하려 함이니라
Ye have not chosen me , but I have chosen you , and ordained you , that ye should go and bring forth fruit , and that your fruit should remain : that whatsoever ye shall ask of the Father in my name , he may give it you .
17. 내가 이것을 너희에게 명함은 너희로 서로 사랑하게 하려 함이로라
These things I command you , that ye love one another .
18. 세상이 너희를 미워하면 너희보다 먼저 나를 미워한 줄을 알라
If the world hate you , ye know that it hated me before it hated you .
19. 너희가 세상에 속하였으면 세상이 자기의 것을 사랑할 터이나 너희는 세상에 속한 자가 아니요 도리어 세상에서 나의 택함을 입은 자인 고로 세상이 너희를 미워하느니라
If ye were of the world , the world would love his own : but because ye are not of the world , but I have chosen you out of the world , therefore the world hateth you .
20. 내가 너희더러 종이 주인보다 더 크지 못하다 한 말을 기억하라 사람들이 나를 핍박하였은즉 너희도 핍박할 터이요 내 말을 지켰은즉 너희 말도 지킬 터이라
Remember the word that I said unto you , The servant is not greater than his lord . If they have persecuted me , they will also persecute you ; if they have kept my saying , they will keep yours also .
21. 그러나 사람들이 내 이름을 인하여 이 모든 일을 너희에게 하리니 이는 나 보내신 이를 알지 못함이니라
But all these things will they do unto you for my name’s sake , because they know not him that sent me .
22. 내가 와서 저희에게 말하지 아니하였더면 죄가 없었으려니와 지금은 그 죄를 핑계할 수 없느니라
If I had not come and spoken unto them , they had not had sin : but now they have no cloke for their sin .
23. 나를 미워하는 자는 또 내 아버지를 미워하느니라
He that hateth me hateth my Father also .
24. 내가 아무도 못한 일을 저희 중에서 하지 아니하였더면 저희가 죄 없었으려니와 지금은 저희가 나와 및 내 아버지를 보았고 또 미워하였도다
If I had not done among them the works which none other man did , they had not had sin : but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father .
25. 그러나 이는 저희 율법에 기록된 바 저희가 연고 없이 나를 미워하였다 한 말을 응하게 하려 함이니라
But this cometh to pass, that the word might be fulfilled that is written in their law , They hated me without a cause .
26. 내가 아버지께로서 너희에게 보낼 보혜사 곧 아버지께로서 나오시는 진리의 성령이 오실 때에 그가 나를 증거하실 것이요
But when the Comforter is come , whom I will send unto you from the Father , even the Spirit of truth , which proceedeth from the Father , he shall testify of me :
27. 너희도 처음부터 나와 함께 있었으므로 증거하느니라
And ye also shall bear witness , because ye have been with me from the beginning .
■ 주석 보기
【요15:1 JFB】요15:1-27. Discourse at the Supper Table Continued.
1-8.The spiritual oneness of Christ and His people, and His relation to them as the Source of all their spiritual life and fruitfulness, are here beautifully set forth by a figure familiar to Jewish ears (사5:1, &c.).
I am the true vine—of whom the vine of nature is but a shadow.
my Father is the husbandman—the great Proprietor of the vineyard, the Lord of the spiritual kingdom. (It is surely unnecessary to point out the claim to supreme divinity involved in this).
【요15:1 CWC】Bernard speaks of the fundamental subject of what follows in this discourse as "that of the relation of believers to Jesus Christ in respect to practical life under the coming dispensation."
1. The relation of members who share in His life and thereby bring forth fruit unto God (15:1-8).
2. The relation of friends who share in His love and maintain its continuance and manifest its effect by love to each other (9-17).
3. The relation of followers who share in His work toward the world, and therefore in its enmity (18:16, 3).
4. The relation of adherents on whom He bestows a share in His own Spirit, the comforter, advocate and teacher (16:4-15).
Then follow answers to thoughts raised in the minds of His hearers, renewed warnings, promises and assurances, closing with a sad intimation of desertion, which passes again into a note of peace and victory.
Under the first of the above relationships (1-8), we learn that the union between Christ and His true disciples is a living one -- the branch lives in the vine and the vine in the branch. All the meaning that can be gathered out of that simile belongs to the Christian's faith. We learn also, that there are false Christians as well as true ones, branches which appear to be joined to the vine and yet bear no fruit. Further, we are taught that the only satisfactory evidence of being a true Christian is fruit. Again, that fruitfulness is increased in such by God's providential dealing with them. Verse 7 is a distinct promise of power and success in prayer as a result of fruit bearing.
Under the second relationship (9-17) think of the measureless compass in the words, "Even as the Father hath loved Me, so have I loved you" (9); think how simple it is to continue in that love, just to keep His commandments; and the two-fold motive for so doing, that He may have joy in us, and that our own joy may be filled full. Note the high privilege of a believer in verse 15 and compare it with 창18:17.
As to the enmity of the world, how kind that our Lord should relieve His disciples of fault or blame in the promises (18-21)! Verse 22 does not teach that they would not have been sinners at all had not Christ come, but that they would have had a less degree of guilt (cf. 요9:41).
In the teaching about the Holy Spirit there is a mysterious saying at verse 7 of chapter 16. It is hard to understand why it could be good for Christ to go away from His disciples, but the fact remains that when He went away and the Comforter came at Pentecost the faith of the disciples became a new thing altogether. The Acts of the Apostle will teach us this. If Christ had remained bodily with them He could not have been in more places than one at the same time, and there would have been far less room for the exercise of their faith, and hope and trust. And what about His exalted life in heaven as our High Priestly intercessor? How could His people have continued without that? Verse 8 is also mysterious. As commonly understood, it describes the ordinary operation of the Holy Spirit in saving sinners, but there is more in it. Bishop Ryle thinks it means that when the Spirit came at Pentecost He would stop the mouths of enemies, and oblige them however unwillingly, to think of Christ and what He taught very differently from what they were thinking now. The Acts illustrates this for there was a peculiar irresistible power accompanying the work of the Apostles which neither the heathen nor the unbelieving Jews were able to resist or gainsay. Witness the stoning of Stephen, Acts 7, and Pliny's famous letter to Trojan about the Christians. Verses 12 and 13 of this chapter are "Christ's pre-authentications of the New Testament." He would leave many things to be revealed for example, and this revelation would be completed after the Spirit came (cf. 고전14:37 and 계22:19.
But there is nothing in this sublime discourse of more practical value than what it teaches about prayer. See 14:13, 14, 15:16, 16:23-27. To ask the Father in Christ's name is in advance of asking for His sake. To ask in His name is as though He asked Himself with all the assurance of answer which such a fact implies. This is the privilege of the true believer who is thus a member of Christ's body, and of Him only, and it is a revelation of truth which Christ at no time had made known to His followers until now, doubtless because they were not prepared to receive it.
【요15:1 MHCC】Jesus Christ is the Vine, the true Vine. The union of the human and Divine natures, and the fulness of the Spirit that is in him, resemble the root of the vine made fruitful by the moisture from a rich soil. Believers are branches of this Vine. The root is unseen, and our life is hid with Christ; the root bears the tree, diffuses sap to it, and in Christ are all supports and supplies. The branches of the vine are many, yet, meeting in the root, are all but one vine; thus all true Christians, though in place and opinion distant from each other, meet in Christ. Believers, like the branches of the vine, are weak, and unable to stand but as they are borne up. The Father is the Husbandman. Never was any husbandman so wise, so watchful, about his vineyard, as God is about his church, which therefore must prosper. We must be fruitful. From a vine we look for grapes, and from a Christian we look for a Christian temper, disposition, and life. We must honour God, and do good; this is bearing fruit. The unfruitful are taken away. And even fruitful branches need pruning; for the best have notions, passions, and humours, that require to be taken away, which Christ has promised to forward the sanctification of believers, they will be thankful, for them. The word of Christ is spoken to all believers; and there is a cleansing virtue in that word, as it works grace, and works out corruption. And the more fruit we bring forth, the more we abound in what is good, the more our Lord is glorified. In order to fruitfulness, we must abide in Christ, must have union with him by faith. It is the great concern of all Christ's disciples, constantly to keep up dependence upon Christ, and communion with him. True Christians find by experience, that any interruption in the exercise of their faith, causes holy affections to decline, their corruptions to revive, and their comforts to droop. Those who abide not in Christ, though they may flourish for awhile in outward profession, yet come to nothing. The fire is the fittest place for withered branches; they are good for nothing else. Let us seek to live more simply on the fulness of Christ, and to grow more fruitful in every good word and work, so may our joy in Him and in his salvation be full.
【요15:2 JFB】2. Every branch in me that beareth not fruit … every branch that beareth fruit—As in a fruit tree, some branches may be fruitful, others quite barren, according as there is a vital connection between the branch and the stock, or no vital connection; so the disciples of Christ may be spiritually fruitful or the reverse, according as they are vitally and spiritually connected with Christ, or but externally and mechanically attached to Him. The fruitless He "taketh away" (see on 요15:6); the fruitful He "purgeth" (cleanseth, pruneth)—stripping it, as the husbandman does, of what is rank (막4:19), "that it may bring forth more fruit"; a process often painful, but no less needful and beneficial than in the natural husbandry.
【요15:3 JFB】3. Now—rather, "Already."
ye are clean through—by reason of.
the word I have spoken to you—already in a purified, fruitful condition, in consequence of the long action upon them of that searching "word" which was "as a refiner's fire" (말3:2, 3).
【요15:4 JFB】4. Abide in me, and I in you; as the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine, &c.—As all spiritual fruitfulness had been ascribed to the mutual inhabitation, and living, active interpenetration (so to speak) of Christ and His disciples, so here the keeping up of this vital connection is made essential to continued fruitfulness.
【요15:5 JFB】5. without me—apart, or vitally disconnected from Me.
ye can do nothing—spiritually, acceptably.
【요15:6 JFB】6. If a man abide not in me, he is cast forth as a branch … withered … cast into the fire … burned—The one proper use of the vine is to bear fruit; failing this, it is good for one other thing—fuel. (See 겔15:1-5). How awfully striking the figure, in this view of it!
【요15:7 JFB】7. If ye abide in me, and my words … in you—Mark the change from the inhabitation of Himself to that of His words, paving the way for the subsequent exhortations (요15:9, 10).
ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you—because this indwelling of His words in them would secure the harmony of their askings with the divine will.
【요15:8 JFB】8. glorified that ye bear much fruit—not only from His delight in it for its own sake, but as from "the juices of the Living Vine."
so shall ye be my disciples—evidence your discipleship.
【요15:9 JFB】9-11. continue ye in my love—not, "Continue to love Me," but, "Continue in the possession and enjoyment of My love to you"; as is evident from the next words.
【요15:9 MHCC】Those whom God loves as a Father, may despise the hatred of all the world. As the Father loved Christ, who was most worthy, so he loved his disciples, who were unworthy. All that love the Saviour should continue in their love to him, and take all occasions to show it. The joy of the hypocrite is but for a moment, but the joy of those who abide in Christ's love is a continual feast. They are to show their love to him by keeping his commandments. If the same power that first shed abroad the love of Christ's in our hearts, did not keep us in that love, we should not long abide in it. Christ's love to us should direct us to love each other. He speaks as about to give many things in charge, yet names this only; it includes many duties.
【요15:10 JFB】10. If ye keep my commandments, ye shall abide in my love—the obedient spirit of true discipleship cherishing and attracting the continuance and increase of Christ's love; and this, He adds, was the secret even of His own abiding in His Father's love!
【요15:12 JFB】12-16. That ye love one another, &c.—(See on 요13:34, 35).
【요15:13 JFB】13. Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends—The emphasis lies not on "friends," but on "laying down his life" for them; that is, "One can show no greater regard for those dear to him than to give his life for them, and this is the love ye shall find in Me."
【요15:14 JFB】14. Ye are my friends, if ye do whatsoever I command you—hold yourselves in absolute subjection to Me.
【요15:15 JFB】15. Henceforth I call you not servants—that is, in the sense explained in the next words; for servants He still calls them (요15:20), and they delight to call themselves so, in the sense of being "under law to Christ" (고전9:20).
the servant knoweth not what his lord doeth—knows nothing of his master's plans and reasons, but simply receives and executes his orders.
but … friends, for all things that I have heard of my Father I have made known unto you—admitted you to free, unrestrained fellowship, keeping back nothing from you which I have received to communicate. (Compare 창18:17; 시25:14; 사50:4).
【요15:16 JFB】16. Ye have not chosen me, but I … you—a wholesale memento after the lofty things He had just said about their mutual indwelling, and the unreservedness of the friendship they had been admitted to.
ordained—appointed.
you, that ye should go and bring forth fruit—that is, give yourselves to it.
and that your fruit should remain—showing itself to be an imperishable and ever growing principle. (Compare 잠4:18; 2Jo 8).
that whatsoever ye shall ask, &c.—(See on 요15:7).
【요15:17 JFB】17-21. The substance of these important verses has occurred more than once before. (See on 마10:34-36; Lu 12:49-53, &c.).
【요15:18 MHCC】How little do many persons think, that in opposing the doctrine of Christ as our Prophet, Priest, and King, they prove themselves ignorant of the one living and true God, whom they profess to worship! The name into which Christ's disciples were baptized, is that which they will live and die by. It is a comfort to the greatest sufferers, if they suffer for Christ's name's sake. The world's ignorance is the true cause of its hatred to the disciples of Jesus. The clearer and fuller the discoveries of the grace and truth of Christ, the greater is our sin if we do not love him and believe in him.
【요15:22 JFB】22-25. (See on 요9:39-41).
If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin—comparatively none; all other sins being light compared with the rejection of the Son of God.
now they have no cloak for their sin—rather, "pretext."
【요15:24 JFB】24. If I had not done … the works which none other … did—(See on 요12:37).
【요15:25 JFB】25. that the word might be fulfilled … They hated me without a cause—quoted from the Messianic 시69:4, applied also in the same sense in 요2:17; 행1:20; 롬11:9, 10; 15:3.
【요15:26 JFB】26, 27. (See on 요14:15; 요14:17).
【요15:26 MHCC】The blessed Spirit will maintain the cause of Christ in the world, notwithstanding the opposition it meets with. Believers taught and encouraged by his influences, would bear testimony to Christ and his salvation.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.