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■ 열왕기하 25장
1. 시드기야 구년 시월 십일에 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살이 그 모든 군대를 거느리고 예루살렘을 치러 올라와서 진을 치고 사면으로 토성을 쌓으매
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign , in the tenth month , in the tenth day of the month , that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came , he, and all his host , against Jerusalem , and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about .
2. 성이 시드기야왕 십일년까지 에워싸였더니
And the city was besieged unto the eleventh year of king Zedekiah .
3. 그 사월 구일에 성중에 기근이 심하여 그 땅 백성의 양식이 진하였고
And on the ninth day of the fourth month the famine prevailed in the city , and there was no bread for the people of the land .
4. 갈대아 사람이 그 성읍을 에워쌌으므로 성벽에 구멍을 뚫은지라 모든 군사가 밤중에 두 성벽 사이 왕의 동산 곁문 길로 도망하여 아라바 길로 가더니
And the city was broken up , and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between two walls , which is by the king’s garden : (now the Chaldees were against the city round about :) and the king went the way toward the plain .
5. 갈대아 군사가 왕을 쫓아가서 여리고 평지에 미치매 왕의 모든 군사가 저를 떠나 흩어진지라
And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king , and overtook him in the plains of Jericho : and all his army were scattered from him.
6. 갈대아 군사가 왕을 잡아 립나 바벨론 왕에게로 끌고 가매 저에게 신문하고
So they took the king , and brought him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah ; and they gave judgment upon him.
7. 시드기야의 아들들을 저의 목전에서 죽이고 시드기야의 두 눈을 빼고 사슬로 결박하여 바벨론으로 끌어갔더라
And they slew the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes , and put out the eyes of Zedekiah , and bound him with fetters of brass , and carried him to Babylon .
8. 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살의 십구년 오월 칠일에 바벨론 왕의 신하 시위대 장관 느부사라단이 예루살렘에 이르러
And in the fifth month , on the seventh day of the month , which is the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon , came Nebuzar–adan , captain of the guard , a servant of the king of Babylon , unto Jerusalem :
9. 여호와의 전과 왕궁을 사르고 예루살렘의 모든 집을 귀인의 집까지 불살랐으며
And he burnt the house of the Lord , and the king’s house , and all the houses of Jerusalem , and every great man’s house burnt he with fire .
10. 시위대 장관을 좇는 갈대아 온 군대가 예루살렘 사면 성벽을 헐었으며
And all the army of the Chaldees , that were with the captain of the guard , brake down the walls of Jerusalem round about .
11. 성중에 남아 있는 백성과 바벨론 왕에게 항복한 자와 무리의 남은 자는 시위대 장관 느부사라단이 다 사로잡아 가고
Now the rest of the people that were left in the city , and the fugitives that fell away to the king of Babylon , with the remnant of the multitude , did Nebuzar–adan the captain of the guard carry away .
12. 빈천한 국민을 그 땅에 남겨두어 포도원을 다스리는 자와 농부가 되게 하였더라
But the captain of the guard left of the poor of the land to be vinedressers and husbandmen .
13. 갈대아 사람이 또 여호와의 전의 두 놋기둥과 받침들과 여호와의 전의 놋바다를 깨뜨려 그 놋을 바벨론으로 가져가고
And the pillars of brass that were in the house of the Lord , and the bases , and the brasen sea that was in the house of the Lord , did the Chaldees break in pieces , and carried the brass of them to Babylon .
14. 또 가마들과 부삽들과 불집게들과 숟가락들과 섬길 때에 쓰는 모든 놋그릇을 다 가져갔으며
And the pots , and the shovels , and the snuffers , and the spoons , and all the vessels of brass wherewith they ministered , took they away .
15. 시위대 장관이 또 불 옮기는 그릇들과 주발들 곧 금물의 금과 은물의 은을 가져갔으며
And the firepans , and the bowls , and such things as were of gold , in gold , and of silver , in silver , the captain of the guard took away .
16. 또 솔로몬이 여호와의 전을 위하여 만든 두 기둥과 한 바다와 받침들을 취하였는데 이 모든 기구의 놋 중수를 헤아릴 수 없었으니
The two pillars , one sea , and the bases which Solomon had made for the house of the Lord ; the brass of all these vessels was without weight .
17. 그 한 기둥은 고가 십팔 규빗이요 그 꼭대기에 놋머리가 있어 고가 삼 규빗이요 그 머리에 둘린 그물과 석류가 다 놋이라 다른 기둥의 장식과 그물도 이와 같았더라
The height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits , and the chapiter upon it was brass : and the height of the chapiter three cubits ; and the wreathen work , and pomegranates upon the chapiter round about , all of brass : and like unto these had the second pillar with wreathen work .
18. 시위대 장관이 대제사장 스라야와 부제사장 스바냐와 전 문지기 세 사람을 잡고
And the captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest , and Zephaniah the second priest , and the three keepers of the door :
19. 또 성중에서 사람을 잡았으니 곧 군사를 거느린 내시 하나와 또 성중에서 만난바 왕의 시종 다섯 사람과 국민을 초모하는 장관의 서기관 하나와 성중에서 만난바 국민 육십 명이라
And out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war , and five men of them that were in the king’s presence , which were found in the city , and the principal scribe of the host , which mustered the people of the land , and threescore men of the people of the land that were found in the city :
20. 시위대 장관 느부사라단이 저희를 잡아가지고 립나 바벨론 왕에게 나아가매
And Nebuzar–adan captain of the guard took these, and brought them to the king of Babylon to Riblah :
21. 바벨론 왕이 하맛 땅 립나에서 다 쳐 죽였더라 이와 같이 유다가 사로잡혀 본토에서 떠났더라
And the king of Babylon smote them, and slew them at Riblah in the land of Hamath . So Judah was carried away out of their land .
22. 유다 땅에 머물러 있는 백성은 곧 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살이 남긴 자라 왕이 사반의 손자 아히감의 아들 그달리야로 관할하게 하였더라
And as for the people that remained in the land of Judah , whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had left , even over them he made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam , the son of Shaphan , ruler .
23. 모든 군대 장관과 그 좇는 자가 바벨론 왕이 그달리야로 방백을 삼았다 함을 듣고 이에 느다니야의 아들 이스마엘과 가레아의 아들 요하난과 느도바 사람 단후멧의 아들 스라야와 마아가 사람의 아들 야아사니야와 그 좇는 사람이 모두 미스바로 가서 그달리야에게 나아가매
And when all the captains of the armies , they and their men , heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor , there came to Gedaliah to Mizpah , even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah , and Johanan the son of Careah , and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite , and Jaazaniah the son of a Maachathite , they and their men .
24. 그달리야가 저희와 그 좇는 자들에게 맹세하여 이르되 너희는 갈대아 신복을 인하여 두려워 말고 이 땅에 거하여 바벨론 왕을 섬기라 그리하면 너희가 평안하리라 하니라
And Gedaliah sware to them, and to their men , and said unto them, Fear not to be the servants of the Chaldees : dwell in the land , and serve the king of Babylon ; and it shall be well with you.
25. 칠월에 왕족 엘리사마의 손자 느다니야의 아들 이스마엘이 십 인을 거느리고 와서 그달리야를 쳐서 죽이고 또 저와 함께 미스바에 있는 유다 사람과 갈대아 사람을 죽인지라
But it came to pass in the seventh month , that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah , the son of Elishama , of the seed royal , came , and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah , that he died , and the Jews and the Chaldees that were with him at Mizpah .
26. 대소 백성과 군대 장관들이 다 일어나서 애굽으로 갔으니 이는 갈대아 사람을 두려워함이었더라
And all the people , both small and great , and the captains of the armies , arose , and came to Egypt : for they were afraid of the Chaldees .
27. 유다 왕 여호야긴이 사로잡혀 간지 삼십칠년 곧 바벨론 왕 에윌므로닥의 즉위한 원년 십이월 이십칠일에 유다 왕 여호야긴을 옥에서 내어놓아 그 머리를 들게 하고
And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah , in the twelfth month , on the seven and twentieth day of the month , that Evil–merodach king of Babylon in the year that he began to reign did lift up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison ;
28. 선히 말하고 그 위를 바벨론에 저와 함께 있는 모든 왕의 위보다 높이고
And he spake kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon ;
29. 그 죄수의 의복을 바꾸게 하고 그 일평생에 항상 왕의 앞에서 먹게 하였고
And changed his prison garments : and he did eat bread continually before him all the days of his life .
30. 저의 쓸 것은 날마다 왕에게서 받는 정수가 있어서 종신토록 끊이지 아니하였더라
And his allowance was a continual allowance given him of the king , a daily rate for every day , all the days of his life .
■ 주석 보기
【왕하25:1 JFB】왕하25:1-3. Jerusalem Again Besieged.
1. Nebuchadnezzar … came … against Jerusalem—Incensed by the revolt of Zedekiah, the Assyrian despot determined to put an end to the perfidious and inconstant monarchy of Judea. This chapter narrates his third and last invasion, which he conducted in person at the head of an immense army, levied out of all the tributary nations under his sway. Having overrun the northern parts of the country and taken almost all the fenced cities (렘34:7), he marched direct to Jerusalem to invest it. The date of the beginning as well as the end of the siege is here carefully marked (compare 겔24:1; 렘39:1; 52:4-6); from which it appears, that, with a brief interruption caused by Nebuchadnezzar's marching to oppose the Egyptians who were coming to its relief but who retreated without fighting, the siege lasted a year and a half. So long a resistance was owing, not to the superior skill and valor of the Jewish soldiers, but to the strength of the city fortifications, on which the king too confidently relied (compare 렘21:1-14; 37:1-38:28).
pitched against it, and … built forts—rather, perhaps, drew lines of circumvallation, with a ditch to prevent any going out of the city. On this rampart were erected his military engines for throwing missiles into the city.
【왕하25:1 CWC】1. The Last of the Kings, c. 24.
In the previous lesson we left Judah tributary to Egypt, which had been victorious at Megiddo. This lasted, five years, when Babylon, now master of her old-time enemy Assyria, and eager to cross swords with Egypt for world-supremacy, came up against her, and compelled allegiance.
After three years Jehoiakim revolted (v. 1), and for the remainder of his reign was harassed by bands of enemies (v. 2) perhaps incited by the king of Babylon, himself too much occupied in other directions to attack Judah in person.
After he has defeated Egypt, however (v. 7), he turns his attention to Judah. Jehoiakim is dead, and his son, Jehoiachin, is on the throne (v. 8). The latter is taken captive, and with him many of the best people of the land (vv. 12-16), among them Ezekiel, as we learn from the book bearing his name. (The prophet Daniel, with others, had been carried away by the same king on an earlier advance against Jehoiakim.)
Nebuchadnezzar shows the same consideration as the king of Egypt in placing another of the royal family instead of a stranger on the throne (v. 17), but his confidence is misplaced and the end comes. The whole situation is of God, and the execution of His judgment upon the unholy people (v. 20).
2. The Death Agony, 25:1-21.
For a comment on this chapter, read Jeremiah and Ezekiel. Jeremiah 21, 27, 22, 34, 27, 40 and 41 cover this period pretty thoroughly and also the first twenty-four chapters of Ezekiel.
3. The Remnant Left in the Land, vv. 22-26.
Gedaliah, whom the king of Babylon made governor over the few people remaining, was, like his father, a friend of Jeremiah and joined with him in advising Zedekiah to surrender. Had this counsel prevailed, Judah would not have been plucked up out of her land. All this will be seen when Jeremiah is reached. This was known to Nebuchadnezzar, however, and explains his choice of Gedaliah, as well as the treachery of the people towards him, notwithstanding his oath (vv. 24, 25). Read Jeremiah 40 to 44.
4. The Favored Captive, vv. 27-30.
This closing incident carries its explanation on its face. The Babylonian king was the son and successor of Nebuchadnezzar. The grace bestowed on Jehoiachin is difficult to account for, except on some personal ground, especially as he is preferred before the other captive kings, who were retained at the court to enhance its triumph and glory.
In conclusion let it again be emphasized that the fall of Judah was God's judgment upon her faithlessness as a witness to Him. All the prophets testify to this. But, let it also be noted that it was His purpose that Judah should be restored after a period (70 years, 렘25:12). Her land was not populated by other peoples, a striking fulfillment of prophecy in itself. She must needs give birth to the Messiah there as the prophets had foretold, and so, when her captivity brought her in her senses she repented, and returned to Jehovah with a sincerity she had not before.
【왕하25:1 MHCC】Jerusalem was so fortified, that it could not be taken till famine rendered the besieged unable to resist. In the prophecy and Lamentations of Jeremiah, we find more of this event; here it suffices to say, that the impiety and misery of the besieged were very great. At length the city was taken by storm. The king, his family, and his great men escaped in the night, by secret passages. But those deceive themselves who think to escape God's judgments, as much as those who think to brave them. By what befell Zedekiah, two prophecies, which seemed to contradict each other, were both fulfilled. Jeremiah prophesied that Zedekiah should be brought to Babylon, 렘32:5; 34:3; Ezekiel, that he should not see Babylon, 겔12:13. He was brought thither, but his eyes being put out, he did not see it.
【왕하25:3 JFB】3. on the ninth day of the fourth month the famine prevailed—In consequence of the close and protracted blockade, the inhabitants were reduced to dreadful extremities; and under the maddening influence of hunger, the most inhuman atrocities were perpetrated (애2:20, 22; 4:9, 10; 겔5:10). This was a fulfilment of the prophetic denunciations threatened on the apostasy of the chosen people (레26:29; 신28:53-57; 렘15:2; 27:13; 겔4:16).
【왕하25:4 JFB】왕하25:4-30. Zedekiah Taken.
4. the city was broken up—that is, a breach was effected, as we are elsewhere informed, in a part of the wall belonging to the lower city (대하32:5; 33:14).
the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between two walls, which is by the king's garden—The king's garden was (느3:15) at the pool of Siloam, that is, at the mouth of the Tyropæon. A trace of the outermost of these walls appears to be still extant in the rude pathway which crosses the mouth of the Tyropæon, on a mound hard by the old mulberry tree, which marks the traditional spot of Isaiah's martyrdom [Robinson]. It is probable that the besiegers had overlooked this pass.
the king went … toward the plain—that is, the Ghor, or valley of Jordan, estimated at five hours' distance from Jerusalem. The plain near Jericho is about eleven or twelve miles broad.
【왕하25:6 JFB】6, 7. they took the king, and brought him … to Riblah—Nebuchadnezzar, having gone from the siege to oppose the auxiliary forces of Pharaoh-hophra, left his generals to carry on the blockade, he himself not returning to the scene of action, but taking up his station at Riblah in the land of Hamath (왕하23:33).
they gave judgment upon him—They, that is, the council (렘39:3, 13; 단6:7, 8, 12), regarding him as a seditious and rebellious vassal, condemned him for violating his oath and neglecting the announcement of the divine will as made known to him by Jeremiah (compare 렘32:5; 34:2; 38:17). His sons and the nobles who had joined in his flight were slain before his eyes (렘39:6; 52:10). In conformity with Eastern ideas, which consider a blind man incapable of ruling, his eyes were put out, and being put in chains, he was carried to perpetual imprisonment in Babylon (렘52:11), which, though he came to it, as Ezekiel had foretold, he did not see (렘32:5; 겔12:13; 17:16).
【왕하25:8 JFB】8-18. on the seventh day of the month … came Nebuzar-adan—(compare 렘52:12). In attempting to reconcile these two passages, it must be supposed either that, though he had set out on the seventh, he did not arrive in Jerusalem till the tenth, or that he did not put his orders in execution till that day. His office as captain of the guard (창37:36; 39:1) called him to execute the awards of justice on criminals; and hence, although not engaged in the siege of Jerusalem (렘39:13), Nebuzar-adan was despatched to rase the city, to plunder the temple, to lay both in ruins, demolish the fortifications, and transport the inhabitants to Babylon. The most eminent of these were taken to the king at Riblah (왕하25:27) and executed, as instigators and abettors of the rebellion, or otherwise obnoxious to the Assyrian government. In their number were Seraiah, the high priest, grandfather of Ezra (스7:1), his sagan or deputy, a priest of the second order (렘21:2; 29:25, 29; 37:3).
【왕하25:8 MHCC】The city and temple were burnt, and, it is probable, the ark in it. By this, God showed how little he cares for the outward pomp of his worship, when the life and power of religion are neglected. The walls of Jerusalem were thrown down, and the people carried captive to Babylon. The vessels of the temple were carried away. When the things signified were sinned away, what should the signs stand there for? It was righteous with God to deprive those of the benefit of his worship, who had preferred false worships before it; those that would have many altars, now shall have none. As the Lord spared not the angels that sinned, as he doomed the whole race of fallen men to the grave, and all unbelievers to hell, and as he spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, we need not wonder at any miseries he may bring upon guilty nations, churches, or persons.
【왕하25:18 JFB】18. the three keepers of the door—not mere porters, but officers of high trust among the Levites (왕하22:4; 대상9:26).
【왕하25:19 JFB】19. five men of them that were in the king's presence—that is, who belonged to the royal retinue. It is probable that there were five at first, and that other two were found afterwards (렘52:25).
【왕하25:22 JFB】22-26. Nebuchadnezzar … made Gedaliah … ruler—The people permitted to remain were, besides the king's daughters, a few court attendants and others (렘40:7) too insignificant to be removed, only the peasantry who could till the land and dress the vineyards. Gedaliah was Jeremiah's friend (렘26:24), and having, by the prophet's counsel, probably fled from the city as abandoned of God, he surrendered himself to the conqueror (렘38:2, 17), and being promoted to the government of Judea, fixed his provincial court at Mizpeh. He was well qualified to surmount the difficulties of ruling at such a crisis. Many of the fugitive Jews, as well as the soldiers of Zedekiah who had accompanied the king in his flight to the plains of Jericho, left their retreats (렘40:11, 12) and flocked around the governor; who having counselled them to submit, promised them on complying with this condition, security on oath that they would retain their possessions and enjoy the produce of their land (렘40:9).
【왕하25:22 MHCC】The king of Babylon appointed Gedaliah to be the governor and protector of the Jews left their land. But the things of their peace were so hidden from their eyes, that they knew not when they were well off. Ishmael basely slew him and all his friends, and, against the counsel of Jeremiah, the rest went to Egypt. Thus was a full end made of them by their own folly and disobedience; see Jeremiah chap. 40 to 45 Jehoiachin was released out of prison, where he had been kept 37 years. Let none say that they shall never see good again, because they have long seen little but evil: the most miserable know not what turn Providence may yet give to their affairs, nor what comforts they are reserved for, according to the days wherein they have been afflicted. Even in this world the Saviour brings a release from bondage to the distressed sinner who seeks him, bestowing foretastes of the pleasures which are at his right hand for evermore. Sin alone can hurt us; Jesus alone can do good to sinners.
【왕하25:25 JFB】25. Ishmael … of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah—He had found refuge with Baalis, king of the Ammonites, and he returned with a bad design, being either instigated by envy of a governor not descended from the house of David, or bribed by Baalis to murder Gedaliah. The generous governor, though apprised of his intentions, refused to credit the report, much less to sanction the proposal made by an attached friend to cut off Ishmael. The consequence was, that he was murdered by this same Ishmael, when entertaining him in his own house (렘41:1).
【왕하25:26 JFB】26. and all the people … came to Egypt—In spite of Jeremiah's dissuasions (렘43:7, 8) they settled in various cities of that country (렘44:1).
【왕하25:27 JFB】27. seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin—corresponding with the year of Nebuchadnezzar's death, and his son Evil-merodach's ascension to the throne.
Evil-merodach … did lift up the head of Jehoiachin … and spake kindly—gave him liberty upon parole. This kindly feeling is said to have originated in a familiar acquaintance formed in prison, in which Evil-merodach had lain till his father's death, on account of some malversation while acting as regent during Nebuchadnezzar's seven years' illness (단4:32, 33). But doubtless the improvement in Zedekiah's condition is to be traced to the overruling providence and grace of Him who still cherished purposes of love to the house of David (삼하7:14, 15).
【왕하25:29 JFB】29. Jehoiachin … did eat … continually before him—According to an ancient usage in Eastern courts, had a seat at the royal table on great days, and had a stated provision granted him for the maintenance of his exiled court.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.