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■ 열왕기하 22장
1. 요시야가 위에 나아갈 때에 나이 팔 세라 예루살렘에서 삼십일 년을 치리하니라 그 모친의 이름은 여디다라 보스갓 아다야의 딸이더라
Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign , and he reigned thirty and one years in Jerusalem . And his mother’s name was Jedidah , the daughter of Adaiah of Boscath .
2. 요시야가 여호와 보시기에 정직히 행하여 그 조상 다윗의 모든 길로 행하고 좌우로 치우치지 아니하였더라
And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord , and walked in all the way of David his father , and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left .
3. 요시야 왕 십팔 년에 왕이 므술람의 손자 아살리야의 아들 서기관 사반을 여호와의 전에 보내며 가로되
And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah , that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah , the son of Meshullam , the scribe , to the house of the Lord , saying ,
4. 너는 대제사장 힐기야에게 올라가서 백성이 여호와의 전에 드린 은 곧 문 지킨 자가 수납한 은을 계수하여
Go up to Hilkiah the high priest , that he may sum the silver which is brought into the house of the Lord , which the keepers of the door have gathered of the people :
5. 여호와의 전 역사 감독자의 손에 붙여 저희로 여호와의 전에 있는 공장에게 주어 전의 퇴락한 것을 수리하게 하되
And let them deliver it into the hand of the doers of the work , that have the oversight of the house of the Lord : and let them give it to the doers of the work which is in the house of the Lord , to repair the breaches of the house ,
6. 곧 목수와 건축자와 미장이에게 주게 하고 또 재목과 다듬은 돌을 사서 그 전을 수리하게 하라 하니라
Unto carpenters , and builders , and masons , and to buy timber and hewn stone to repair the house .
7. 그러나 저희 손에 붙인 은을 회계하지 아니하였으니 이는 그 행하는 것이 진실함이었더라
Howbeit there was no reckoning made with them of the money that was delivered into their hand , because they dealt faithfully .
8. 대제사장 힐기야가 서기관 사반에게 이르되 내가 여호와의 전에서 율법책을 발견하였노라 하고 그 책을 사반에게 주니 사반이 읽으니라
And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe , I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord . And Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan , and he read it.
9. 서기관 사반이 왕에게 돌아가서 복명하여 가로되 왕의 신복들이 전에 있던 돈을 쏟아 여호와의 전 역사 감독자의 손에 붙였나이다 하고
And Shaphan the scribe came to the king , and brought the king word again , and said , Thy servants have gathered the money that was found in the house , and have delivered it into the hand of them that do the work , that have the oversight of the house of the Lord .
10. 또 왕에게 고하여 가로되 제사장 힐기야가 내게 책을 주더이다 하고 왕의 앞에서 읽으매
And Shaphan the scribe shewed the king , saying , Hilkiah the priest hath delivered me a book . And Shaphan read it before the king .
11. 왕이 율법책의 말을 듣자 곧 그 옷을 찢으니라
And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the book of the law , that he rent his clothes .
12. 왕이 제사장 힐기야와 사반의 아들 아히감과 미가야의 아들 악볼과 서기관 사반과 왕의 시신 아사야에게 명하여 가로되
And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest , and Ahikam the son of Shaphan , and Achbor the son of Michaiah , and Shaphan the scribe , and Asahiah a servant of the king’s , saying ,
13. 너희는 가서 나와 백성과 온 유다를 위하여 이 발견한 책의 말씀에 대하여 여호와께 물으라 우리 열조가 이 책의 말씀을 듣지 아니하며 이 책에 우리를 위하여 기록된 모든 것을 준행치 아니하였으므로 여호와께서 우리에게 발하신 진노가 크도다
Go ye, enquire of the Lord for me, and for the people , and for all Judah , concerning the words of this book that is found : for great is the wrath of the Lord that is kindled against us, because our fathers have not hearkened unto the words of this book , to do according unto all that which is written concerning us.
14. 이에 제사장 힐기야와 또 아히감과 악볼과 사반과 아사야가 여선지 훌다에게로 나아가니 저는 할하스의 손자 디과의 아들 예복을 주관하는 살룸의 아내라 예루살렘 둘째 구역에 거하였더라 저희가 더불어 말하매
So Hilkiah the priest , and Ahikam , and Achbor , and Shaphan , and Asahiah , went unto Huldah the prophetess , the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvah , the son of Harhas , keeper of the wardrobe ; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college ;) and they communed with her.
15. 훌다가 저희에게 이르되 이스라엘 하나님 여호와의 말씀이 너희는 너희를 내게 보낸 사람에게 고하기를
And she said unto them, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel , Tell the man that sent you to me,
16. 여호와의 말씀이 내가 이곳과 그 거민에게 재앙을 내리되 곧 유다 왕의 읽은 책의 모든 말대로 하리니
Thus saith the Lord , Behold, I will bring evil upon this place , and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the words of the book which the king of Judah hath read :
17. 이는 이 백성이 나를 버리고 다른 신에게 분향하며 그 손의 모든 소위로 나의 노를 격발하였음이라 그러므로 나의 이곳을 향하여 발한 진노가 꺼지지 아니하리라 하라 하셨느니라
Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods , that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands ; therefore my wrath shall be kindled against this place , and shall not be quenched .
18. 너희를 보내어 여호와께 묻게 한 유다 왕에게는 너희가 이렇게 고하라 이스라엘 하나님 여호와의 말씀이 네가 들은 말을 의논컨대
But to the king of Judah which sent you to enquire of the Lord , thus shall ye say to him, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel , As touching the words which thou hast heard ;
19. 내가 이곳과 그 거민에게 대하여 빈 터가 되고 저주가 되리라 한 말을 네가 듣고 마음이 연하여 여호와 앞 곧 내 앞에서 겸비하여 옷을 찢고 통곡하였으므로 나도 네 말을 들었노라 여호와가 말하였느니라
Because thine heart was tender , and thou hast humbled thyself before the Lord , when thou heardest what I spake against this place , and against the inhabitants thereof, that they should become a desolation and a curse , and hast rent thy clothes , and wept before me; I also have heard thee, saith the Lord .
20. 그러므로 내가 너로 너의 열조에게 돌아가서 평안히 묘실로 들어가게 하리니 내가 이곳에 내리는 모든 재앙을 네가 눈으로 보지 못하리라 하셨느니라 사자들이 왕에게 복명하니라
Behold therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fathers , and thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace ; and thine eyes shall not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place . And they brought the king word again .
■ 주석 보기
【왕하22:1 JFB】왕하22:1, 2. Josiah's Good Reign.
1, 2. Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign—Happier than his grandfather Manasseh, he seems to have fallen during his minority under the care of better guardians, who trained him in the principles and practice of piety; and so strongly had his young affections been enlisted on the side of true and undefiled religion, that he continued to adhere all his life, with undeviating perseverance, to the cause of God and righteousness.
【왕하22:1 CWC】[JUDAH UNDER JOSIAH]
1. His Immediate Predecessors, 21:1-26.
Manasseh's history shows that a good father does not always make a good son. The summary of his reign (vv. 1-9) ranks him with Ahaz, as the two wickedest kings Judah had known. Note that the same punishment which had fallen on Israel is soon to overtake Judah (v. 13), and this notwithstanding Manasseh's "humbleness," as indicated in 대하33:11-19.
The brief reign of Amon (vv. 19-26) was in character a continuation of that of his father, and marks the lowest period in the history of the nation until that time.
2. His Restoration of the True Worship, c. 22.
The youth of Josiah suggests that he may have been under a regency at first as in the case of Joash (12:3) though there is no mention of it. The temple had not been repaired since that king, 250 years before, which explains certain things in this chapter, especially when the wickedness and idolatry of some of the intervening reigns are considered.
"The book of the law" (v. 8) is regarded by scholars as the Pentateuch, which during the apostasy had been lost to public knowledge except as a tradition. Some of the older rabbis held that it was the original manuscript of Moses. Another theory is that Manasseh had ordered all copies to be destroyed, but that some faithful priest had concealed this copy until now.
Jeremiah and Zephaniah were prophets contemporaneous with Josiah, but the reason Huldah was inquired of, and not they, is probably because she "dwelt in Jerusalem" (v. 14), where the others may not have been at this time.
3. His Extension of the Reform Movement, c. 23.
It will be noticed that after the king had put an end to all illegal worship in Judah, he extended the reform, or the revival, to the former kingdom of Israel, where that worship had originally arisen (23:15-20).
Observe from verses 26 and 27 that God has not changed His purpose concerning the removal of Judah, which proves that, although in this reign the law was kept externally, yet the nation was by no means converted.
4. His Death and the Succession, vv. 29-37.
The story of Josiah's death (vv. 29, 30) is more fully related in 2 Chronicles. One reason he marched against Pharaoh was that although the latter's objective was Assyria, yet he was trespassing on Jewish soil to attain it.Jehoahaz, whom the people preferred as his successor (v. 30), was a younger son, but he was soon deposed by the Egyptians, who placed his brother on the throne, making him their vassal (vv. 34, 35).Questions.
1. How long did Manasseh reign?
2. What chastisement befell him during his lifetime, and why?
3. What effect had this upon his spirit?
4. What decree is now uttered against Judah?
5. What earlier king of Judah does Josiah suggest?
6. Name two or three parallel incidents in their histories.
7. How would you explain the loss of the book of the law?
8. With what is this book identified?
9. What two prophets, whose books have come down to us, were contemporaneous with this reign?
10. Did Josiah die a natural death?
THE BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY
【왕하22:1 MHCC】The different event of Josiah's early succession from that of Manasseh, must be ascribed to the distinguishing grace of God; yet probably the persons that trained him up were instruments in producing this difference. His character was most excellent. Had the people joined in the reformation as heartily as he persevered in it, blessed effects would have followed. But they were wicked, and had become fools in idolatry. We do not obtain full knowledge of the state of Judah from the historical records, unless we refer to the writings of the prophets who lived at the time. In repairing the temple, the book of the law was found, and brought to the king. It seems, this book of the law was lost and missing; carelessly mislaid and neglected, as some throw their Bibles into corners, or maliciously concealed by some of the idolaters. God's care of the Bible plainly shows his interest in it. Whether this was the only copy in being or not, the things contained in it were new, both to the king and to the high priest. No summaries, extracts, or collections out of the Bible, can convey and preserve the knowledge of God and his will, like the Bible itself. It was no marvel that the people were so corrupt, when the book of the law was so scarce; they that corrupted them, no doubt, used arts to get that book out of their hands. The abundance of Bibles we possess aggravates our national sins; for what greater contempt of God can we show, than to refuse to read his word when put into our hands, or, reading it, not to believe and obey it? By the holy law is the knowledge of sin, and by the blessed gospel is the knowledge of salvation. When the former is understood in its strictness and excellence, the sinner begins to inquire, What must I do to be saved? And the ministers of the gospel point out to him Jesus Christ, as the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth.
【왕하22:3 JFB】왕하22:3-7. He Provides for the Repair of the Temple.
3, 4. in the eighteenth year of king Josiah—Previous to this period, he had commenced the work of national reformation. The preliminary steps had been already taken; not only the builders were employed, but money had been brought by all the people and received by the Levites at the door, and various other preparations had been made. But the course of this narrative turns on one interesting incident which happened in the eighteenth year of Josiah's reign, and hence that date is specified. In fact the whole land was thoroughly purified from every object and all traces of idolatry. The king now addressed himself to the repair and embellishment of the temple and gave directions to Hilkiah the high priest to take a general survey, in order to ascertain what was necessary to be done (see on 대하34:8-15).
【왕하22:8 JFB】왕하22:8-15. Hilkiah Finds the Book of the Law.
8-11. Hilkiah said … I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord, &c.—that is, the law of Moses, the Pentateuch. It was the temple copy which, had been laid (신31:25, 26) beside the ark in the most holy place. During the ungodly reigns of Manasseh and Amon—or perhaps under Ahaz, when the temple itself had been profaned by idols, and the ark also (대하35:3) removed from its site; it was somehow lost, and was now found again during the repair of the temple [Keil]. Delivered by Hilkiah the discoverer to Shaphan the scribe [왕하22:8], it was by the latter shown and read to the king. It is thought, with great probability, that the passage read to the king, and by which the royal mind was so greatly excited, was a portion of Deuteronomy, the twenty-eighth, twenty-ninth, and thirtieth chapters, in which is recorded a renewal of the national covenant, and an enumeration of the terrible threats and curses denounced against all who violated the law, whether prince or people. The impressions of grief and terror which the reading produced on the mind of Josiah have seemed to many unaccountable. But, as it is certain from the extensive and familiar knowledge displayed by the prophets, that there were numbers of other copies in popular circulation, the king must have known its sacred contents in some degree. But he might have been a stranger to the passage read him, or the reading of it might, in the peculiar circumstances, have found a way to his heart in a manner that he never felt before. His strong faith in the divine word, and his painful consciousness that the woeful and long-continued apostasies of the nation had exposed them to the infliction of the judgments denounced, must have come with overwhelming force on the heart of so pious a prince.
【왕하22:11 MHCC】The book of the law is read before the king. Those best honour their Bibles, who study them; daily feed on that bread, and walk by that light. Convictions of sin and wrath should put us upon this inquiry, What shall we do to be saved? Also, what we may expect, and must provide for. Those who are truly apprehensive of the weight of God's wrath, cannot but be very anxious how they may be saved. Huldah let Josiah know what judgments God had in store for Judah and Jerusalem. The generality of the people were hardened, and their hearts unhumbled, but Josiah's heart was tender. This is tenderness of heart, and thus he humbled himself before the Lord. Those who most fear God's wrath, are least likely to feel it. Though Josiah was mortally wounded in battle, yet he died in peace with God, and went to glory. Whatever such persons suffer or witness, they are gathered to the grave in peace, and shall enter into the rest which remaineth for the people of God.
【왕하22:12 JFB】12-15. the king commanded … Go, inquire of the Lord for me, &c.—The agitated feelings of the king prompted him to ask immediate counsel how to avert those curses under which his kingdom lay; and forthwith a deputation of his principal officers was sent to one endowed with the prophetic spirit.
Ahikam—a friend of Jeremiah (렘26:24).
【왕하22:14 JFB】14. Achbor—or Abdon (대하34:20), a man of influence at court (렘26:22). The occasion was urgent, and therefore they were sent—not to Zephaniah (습1:1), who was perhaps young—nor to Jeremiah, who was probably absent at his house in Anathoth, but to one who was at hand and known for her prophetic gifts—to Huldah, who was probably at this time a widow. Her husband Shallum was grandson of one Harhas, "keeper of the wardrobe." If this means the priestly wardrobe, [Harhas] must have been a Levite. But it probably refers to the royal wardrobe.
she dwelt … in the college—rather, "in the Misnah," taking the original word as a proper name, not a school or college, but a particular suburb of Jerusalem. She was held in such veneration that Jewish writers say she and Jehoiada the priest were the only persons not of the house of David (대하24:15, 16) who were ever buried in Jerusalem.
【왕하22:15 JFB】15-20. she said unto them, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, Tell the man that sent you to me—On being consulted, she delivered an oracular response in which judgment was blended with mercy; for it announced the impending calamities that at no distant period were to overtake the city and its inhabitants. But at the same time the king was consoled with an assurance that this season of punishment and sorrow should not be during his lifetime, on account of the faith, penitence, and pious zeal for the divine glory and worship which, in his public capacity and with his royal influence, he had displayed.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.