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■ 열왕기상 20장
1. 아람 왕 벤하닷이 그 군대를 다 모으니 왕 삼십이 인이 저와 함께 있고 또 말과 병거들이 있더라 이에 올라가서 사마리아를 에워싸고 치며
And Ben–hadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together : and there were thirty and two kings with him, and horses , and chariots : and he went up and besieged Samaria , and warred against it.
2. 사자들을 성 중 이스라엘 왕 아합에게 보내어 이르기를 벤하닷은 이르노니
And he sent messengers to Ahab king of Israel into the city , and said unto him, Thus saith Ben–hadad ,
3. 네 은금은 내 것이요 네 처들과 네 자녀들의 아름다운 자도 내 것이니라 하매
Thy silver and thy gold is mine; thy wives also and thy children , even the goodliest , are mine.
4. 이스라엘 왕이 대답하여 말하기를 내 주 왕이여 왕의 말씀 같이 나와 나의 것은 다 왕의 것이니이다 하였더니
And the king of Israel answered and said , My lord , O king , according to thy saying , I am thine, and all that I have.
5. 사자가 다시 와서 이르기를 벤하닷은 이르노라 내가 이미 네게 보내어 말하기를 너는 네 은금과 처들과 자녀들을 내게 붙이라 하였거니와
And the messengers came again , and said , Thus speaketh Ben–hadad , saying , Although I have sent unto thee, saying , Thou shalt deliver me thy silver , and thy gold , and thy wives , and thy children ;
6. 내일 이맘때에 내가 내 신복을 네게 보내리니 저희가 네 집과 네 신복의 집을 수탐하여 무릇 네 눈이 기뻐하는 것을 그 손으로 잡아 가져가리라 한지라
Yet I will send my servants unto thee to morrow about this time , and they shall search thine house , and the houses of thy servants ; and it shall be , that whatsoever is pleasant in thine eyes , they shall put it in their hand , and take it away .
7. 이에 이스라엘 왕이 나라의 장로를 다 불러 이르되 너희는 이 사람이 잔해하려고 구하는 줄을 자세히 알라 저가 나의 처들과 자녀들과 은금을 취하려고 사람을 내게 보내었으나 내가 거절치 못하였노라
Then the king of Israel called all the elders of the land , and said , Mark , I pray you, and see how this man seeketh mischief : for he sent unto me for my wives , and for my children , and for my silver , and for my gold ; and I denied him not.
8. 모든 장로와 백성들이 다 왕께 고하되 왕은 듣지도 말고 허락지도 마옵소서 한지라
And all the elders and all the people said unto him, Hearken not unto him, nor consent .
9. 그러므로 왕이 벤하닷의 사자에게 이르되 너희는 내 주 왕께 고하기를 왕이 처음에 보내어 종에게 구하신 것은 내가 다 그대로 하려니와 이것은 내가 할 수 없나이다 하라 사자들이 돌아가서 고하니라
Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben–hadad , Tell my lord the king , All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do : but this thing I may not do . And the messengers departed , and brought him word again .
10. 벤하닷이 다시 저에게 보내어 이르되 사마리아의 부스러진 것이 나를 좇는 백성의 무리의 손에 채우기에 족할 것 같으면 신들이 내게 벌 위에 벌을 내림이 마땅하니라 하매
And Ben–hadad sent unto him, and said , The gods do so unto me, and more also , if the dust of Samaria shall suffice for handfuls for all the people that follow me.
11. 이스라엘 왕이 대답하여 가로되 갑옷 입은 자가 갑옷 벗는 자 같이 자랑치 못할 것이라 하라 하니라
And the king of Israel answered and said , Tell him, Let not him that girdeth on his harness boast himself as he that putteth it off .
12. 벤하닷이 왕들과 장막에서 마시다가 이 말을 듣고 그 신복에게 이르되 너희는 진을 베풀라 하매 곧 성을 향하여 진을 베푸니라
And it came to pass, when Ben–hadad heard this message , as he was drinking , he and the kings in the pavilions , that he said unto his servants , Set yourselves in array. And they set themselves in array against the city .
13. 한 선지자가 이스라엘 왕 아합에게 나아가서 가로되 여호와의 말씀이 네가 이 큰 무리를 보느냐 내가 오늘 저희를 네 손에 붙이리니 너는 내가 여호와인줄 알리라 하셨나이다
And, behold, there came a prophet unto Ahab king of Israel , saying , Thus saith the Lord , Hast thou seen all this great multitude ? behold, I will deliver it into thine hand this day ; and thou shalt know that I am the Lord .
14. 아합이 가로되 누구로 하시리이까 대답하되 여호와의 말씀이 각도의 방백의 소년들로 하리라 하셨나이다 아합이 가로되 누가 싸움을 시작하리이까 대답하되 왕이니이다
And Ahab said , By whom? And he said , Thus saith the Lord , Even by the young men of the princes of the provinces . Then he said , Who shall order the battle ? And he answered , Thou.
15. 아합이 이에 각 도의 방백의 소년들을 계수하니 이백삼십이 인이요 그 외에 모든 백성 곧 이스라엘의 모든 자손을 계수하니 칠천 인이더라
Then he numbered the young men of the princes of the provinces , and they were two hundred and thirty two : and after them he numbered all the people , even all the children of Israel , being seven thousand .
16. 저희가 오정에 나가니 벤하닷은 장막에서 돕는 왕 삼십이 인으로 더불어 마시고 취한 중이라
And they went out at noon . But Ben–hadad was drinking himself drunk in the pavilions , he and the kings , the thirty and two kings that helped him.
17. 각 도의 방백의 소년들이 먼저 나갔더라 벤하닷이 탐지꾼을 보내었더니 저희가 회보하여 가로되 사마리아에서 사람들이 나오더이다 하매
And the young men of the princes of the provinces went out first ; and Ben–hadad sent out , and they told him, saying , There are men come out of Samaria .
18. 저가 이르되 화친하러 나올지라도 사로잡고 싸우러 나올지라도 사로잡으라 하니라
And he said , Whether they be come out for peace , take them alive ; or whether they be come out for war , take them alive .
19. 각 도의 방백의 소년들과 저희를 좇는 군대들이 성에서 나가서
So these young men of the princes of the provinces came out of the city , and the army which followed them.
20. 각각 적군을 쳐 죽이매 아람 사람이 도망하는지라 이스라엘이 쫓으니 아람 왕 벤하닷이 말을 타고 마병으로 더불어 도망하여 면하니라
And they slew every one his man : and the Syrians fled ; and Israel pursued them: and Ben–hadad the king of Syria escaped on an horse with the horsemen .
21. 이스라엘 왕이 나가서 말과 병거를 치고 또 아람 사람을 쳐서 크게 도륙하였더라
And the king of Israel went out , and smote the horses and chariots , and slew the Syrians with a great slaughter .
22. 그 선지자가 이스라엘 왕에게 나아와 가로되 왕은 가서 힘을 기르고 왕의 행할 일을 알고 준비하소서 해가 돌아오면 아람 왕이 왕을 치러 오리이다 하니라
And the prophet came to the king of Israel , and said unto him, Go , strengthen thyself, and mark , and see what thou doest : for at the return of the year the king of Syria will come up against thee.
23. 아람 왕의 신복들이 왕께 고하되 저희의 신은 산의 신이므로 저희가 우리보다 강하였거니와 우리가 만일 평지에서 저희와 싸우면 정녕 저희보다 강할지라
And the servants of the king of Syria said unto him, Their gods are gods of the hills ; therefore they were stronger than we; but let us fight against them in the plain , and surely we shall be stronger than they.
24. 왕은 이 일을 행하실지니 곧 왕들을 제하여 각각 그곳에서 떠나게 하고 저희 대신에 장관들을 두시고
And do this thing , Take the kings away, every man out of his place , and put captains in their rooms:
25. 또 왕의 잃어버린 군대와 같은 군대를 왕을 위하여 충수하고 말도 말대로, 병거도 병거대로 충수하고 우리가 평지에서 저희와 싸우면 정녕 저희보다 강하리이다 왕이 그 말을 듣고 그리하니라
And number thee an army , like the army that thou hast lost , horse for horse , and chariot for chariot : and we will fight against them in the plain , and surely we shall be stronger than they. And he hearkened unto their voice , and did so .
26. 해가 돌아오매 벤하닷이 아람 사람을 점고하고 아벡으로 올라와서 이스라엘과 싸우려 하매
And it came to pass at the return of the year , that Ben–hadad numbered the Syrians , and went up to Aphek , to fight against Israel .
27. 이스라엘 자손도 점고함을 입고 군량을 받고 마주 나가서 저희 앞에 진을 치니 이스라엘은 염소 새끼의 두 적은 떼와 같고 아람 사람은 그 땅에 가득하였더라
And the children of Israel were numbered , and were all present , and went against them: and the children of Israel pitched before them like two little flocks of kids ; but the Syrians filled the country .
28. 때에 하나님의 사람이 이스라엘 왕에게 나아와 고하여 가로되 여호와의 말씀이 아람 사람이 말하기를 여호와는 산의 신이요 골짜기의 신은 아니라 하도다 그러므로 내가 이 큰 군대를 다 네 손에 붙이리니 너희는 내가 여호와인줄 알리라 하셨나이다 하니라
And there came a man of God , and spake unto the king of Israel , and said , Thus saith the Lord , Because the Syrians have said , The Lord is God of the hills , but he is not God of the valleys , therefore will I deliver all this great multitude into thine hand , and ye shall know that I am the Lord .
29. 진이 서로 대한지 칠 일이라 제칠일에 접전하여 이스라엘 자손이 하루에 아람 보병 십만을 죽이매
And they pitched one over against the other seven days . And so it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined : and the children of Israel slew of the Syrians an hundred thousand footmen in one day .
30. 그 남은 자는 아벡으로 도망하여 성읍으로 들어갔더니 그 성이 그 남은 자 이만 칠천 위에 무너지고 벤하닷은 도망하여 성읍에 이르러 골방으로 들어가니라
But the rest fled to Aphek , into the city ; and there a wall fell upon twenty and seven thousand of the men that were left . And Ben–hadad fled , and came into the city , into an inner chamber .
31. 그 신복들이 저에게 고하되 우리가 들은즉 이스라엘 집의 왕들은 인자한 왕이라 하니 만일 우리가 굵은 베로 허리를 묶고 테두리를 머리에 이고 이스라엘 왕에게로 나아가면 저가 혹시 왕의 생명을 살리리이다 하고
And his servants said unto him, Behold now, we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are merciful kings : let us, I pray thee, put sackcloth on our loins , and ropes upon our heads , and go out to the king of Israel : peradventure he will save thy life .
32. 저희가 굵은 베로 허리를 묶고 테두리를 머리에 이고 이스라엘 왕에게 이르러 가로되 왕의 종 벤하닷이 청하기를 나의 생명을 살려주옵소서 하더이다 아합이 가로되 저가 오히려 살았느냐 저는 나의 형제니라
So they girded sackcloth on their loins , and put ropes on their heads , and came to the king of Israel , and said , Thy servant Ben–hadad saith , I pray thee, let me live . And he said , Is he yet alive ? he is my brother .
33. 그 사람들이 징조로 여기고 그 말을 얼른 받아 대답하여 가로되 벤하닷은 왕의 형제니이다 왕이 가로되 너희는 가서 저를 인도하여 오라 벤하닷이 이에 왕에게 나아오니 왕이 저를 병거에 올린지라
Now the men did diligently observe whether any thing would come from him, and did hastily catch it: and they said , Thy brother Ben–hadad . Then he said , Go ye, bring him. Then Ben–hadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into the chariot .
34. 벤하닷이 왕께 고하되 내 부친이 당신의 부친에게서 빼앗은 모든 성읍을 내가 돌려 보내리이다 또 나의 부친이 사마리아에서 만든 것 같이 당신도 다메섹에서 당신을 위하여 거리를 만드소서 아합이 가로되 내가 이 약조로 당신을 놓으리라 하고 이에 더불어 약조하고 저를 놓았더라
And Ben–hadad said unto him, The cities , which my father took from thy father , I will restore ; and thou shalt make streets for thee in Damascus , as my father made in Samaria . Then said Ahab, I will send thee away with this covenant . So he made a covenant with him, and sent him away .
35. 선지자의 무리 중 한 사람이 여호와의 말씀으로 그 동무에게 이르되 너는 나를 치라 하였더니 그 사람이 치기를 싫어하는지라
And a certain man of the sons of the prophets said unto his neighbour in the word of the Lord , Smite me, I pray thee. And the man refused to smite him.
36. 저가 그 사람에게 이르되 네가 여호와의 말씀을 듣지 아니하였으니 네가 나를 떠나갈 때에 사자가 너를 죽이리라 그 사람이 저의 곁을 떠나가더니 사자가 그를 만나 죽였더라
Then said he unto him, Because thou hast not obeyed the voice of the Lord , behold, as soon as thou art departed from me, a lion shall slay thee. And as soon as he was departed from him , a lion found him, and slew him.
37. 저가 또 다른 사람을 만나 가로되 너는 나를 치라 하매 그 사람이 저를 치되 상하도록 친지라
Then he found another man , and said , Smite me, I pray thee. And the man smote him, so that in smiting he wounded him.
38. 선지자가 가서 수건으로 그 눈을 가리워 변형하고 길 가에서 왕을 기다리다가
So the prophet departed , and waited for the king by the way , and disguised himself with ashes upon his face .
39. 왕이 지나갈 때에 소리질러 왕을 불러 가로되 종이 전장 가운데 나갔더니 한 사람이 돌이켜 어떤 사람을 끌고 내게로 와서 말하기를 이 사람을 지키라 만일 저를 잃어버리면 네 생명으로 저의 생명을 대신하거나 그렇지 아니하면 네가 은 한 달란트를 내어야 하리라 하였거늘
And as the king passed by , he cried unto the king : and he said , Thy servant went out into the midst of the battle ; and, behold, a man turned aside , and brought a man unto me, and said , Keep this man : if by any means he be missing , then shall thy life be for his life , or else thou shalt pay a talent of silver .
40. 종이 이리 저리 일 볼 동안에 저가 없어졌나이다 이스라엘 왕이 저에게 이르되 네가 스스로 결정하였으니 그대로 당하여야 하리라
And as thy servant was busy here and there, he was gone . And the king of Israel said unto him, So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast decided it.
41. 저가 급히 그 눈에 가리운 수건을 벗으니 이스라엘 왕이 저는 선지자 중 한 사람인 줄 알아 본지라
And he hasted , and took the ashes away from his face ; and the king of Israel discerned him that he was of the prophets .
42. 저가 왕께 고하되 여호와의 말씀이 내가 멸하기로 작정한 사람을 네 손으로 놓았은즉 네 목숨은 저의 목숨을 대신하고 네 백성은 저의 백성을 대신하리라 하셨나이다
And he said unto him, Thus saith the Lord , Because thou hast let go out of thy hand a man whom I appointed to utter destruction , therefore thy life shall go for his life , and thy people for his people .
43. 이스라엘 왕이 근심하고 답답하여 그 궁으로 돌아가려고 사마리아에 이르니라
And the king of Israel went to his house heavy and displeased , and came to Samaria .
■ 주석 보기
【왕상20:1 JFB】왕상20:1-12. Ben-hadad Besieges Samaria.
1. Ben-hadad the king of Syria—This monarch was the son of that Ben-hadad who, in the reign of Baasha, made a raid on the northern towns of Galilee (왕상15:20). The thirty-two kings that were confederate with him were probably tributary princes. The ancient kings of Syria and Phœnicia ruled only over a single city, and were independent of each other, except when one great city, as Damascus, acquired the ascendency, and even then they were allied only in time of war. The Syrian army encamped at the gates and besieged the town of Samaria.
【왕상20:1 CWC】[CLOSE OF AHAB'S REIGN]
1. His Dealing with Ben-hadad, c. 20.
Among the remarkable chapters of this book the present stands out distinctively, but we shall be unable to give it the consideration it should have if we forget God's purpose in dealing with Israel. It has been reiterated that He is using that people as an instrument in the redemption of mankind, and especially as a witness to Himself before the nations. This explains everything in their history, and to ignore it is to make that history like a tale of the Arabian nights. We should remember also that what is written is ofttimes the barest outline of what was said and done, and while we are by no means to fill in what we please, yet the omissions should have a qualifying influence in our understanding of the record.
"Ben-hadad" means the son of Hadad, and is a general title for the kings of Syria of that period, like the Pharaohs of Egypt or the Caesars of Rome. He was a descendant of the king met with in Baasha's reign (15:20). The thirty-two kings with him (v. 1) were petty tributary princes, rulers over cities in his neighborhood.
His claim for tribute (v. 3) would have been acceded to had he not over-reached himself, (vv. 5, 6), and had not frightened Ahab been encouraged by his subjects (vv. 7-11).
What an evidence we have of God's goodness and providential purpose in Israel in verse 13! Wine and panic explain the victory from the human side, but God's interposition from the divine side (vv. 19-21).
If this victory was great, that of the succeeding year was greater (vv. 22-30). Note the relative size of the armies (v. 27), and the giving way of the walls under the weight of those who there made a stand against Israel.
Ahab's clemency to Ben-hadad (vv. 31-34) was a repetition of Saul's disloyalty to God in the case of Agag (1 Sam. 15) and explains the circumstance following (vv. 35-43). The parabolic manner of the prophet in announcing Ahab's judgment suggests Nathan's dealing with David (2 Sam. 12).
2. His Dealings with Naboth, c. 21.
Note that Naboth's refusal to Ahab was not disregard for him, nor for selfish reasons, but from obedience to God. (Compare verse 3 with 레25:23, 민36:78.) "Sons of Belial" (v. 10) means "ungodly men."
For the fulfillment of verse 19 compare the next chapter, verses 37 and 38. The phrase, "sold thyself to work evil" means that he allowed evil to get the mastery over him. (Compare 롬7:11). For the fulfillment of verse 23 compare 왕하9:30-37. Note God's mercy to the penitent (vv. 27-29) and compare 왕하9:21-26.
3. His Dealings with Jehoshaphat, c. 22.
Verse 3 indicates that Ben-hadad had not fulfilled the covenant with Ahab he had been so ready to make (compa계20:34).
Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, has not been met with before, but a history of his reign is found in the concluding verses of the chapter. He is a striking Old Testament type of the New Testament Christian who forms entangling alliances with the world, but more is said concerning him in 2 Chronicles 18.
Note the piety of Jehoshaphat (v. 15), and observe that a good man is sometimes found voluntarily in bad company.
Micaiah (v. 9) was in prison because of his faithful testimony to God against Ahab. Zedekiah was one of the false prophets (v. 11), but what worship he represented, now that Baalism had been discredited, is difficult to say; but certainly not that of Jehovah.
Observe the temptation placed before Micaiah and the manner in which he met it (vv. 13, 14). His words in verse 15 are ironical, but those of verse 17 are a prediction of the defeat that followed. It is he who speaks in verses 19-23, for a commentary on which see 1 Samuel 18, and also the first two chapters of Job. With verses 24 and 25 compare 렘20:1-6.
Observe that Jehoshaphat's "unholy alliance" nearly cost him his life (vv. 30-33), but it taught him a lesson (v. 49).
【왕상20:1 MHCC】Benhadad sent Ahab a very insolent demand. Ahab sent a very disgraceful submission; sin brings men into such straits, by putting them out of the Divine protection. If God do not rule us, our enemies shall: guilt dispirits men, and makes them cowards. Ahab became desperate. Men will part with their most pleasant things, those they most love, to save their lives; yet they lose their souls rather than part with any pleasure or interest to prevent it. Here is one of the wisest sayings that ever Ahab spake, and it is a good lesson to all. It is folly to boast of any day to come, since we know not what it may bring forth. Apply it to our spiritual conflicts. Peter fell by self-confidence. Happy is the man who is never off his watch.
【왕상20:2 JFB】2-12. Thus said Ben-hadad, Thy silver and thy gold is mine—To this message sent him during the siege, Ahab returned a tame and submissive answer, probably thinking it meant no more than an exaction of tribute. But the demand was repeated with greater insolence; and yet, from the abject character of Ahab, there is reason to believe he would have yielded to this arrogant claim also, had not the voice of his subjects been raised against it. Ben-hadad's object in these and other boastful menaces was to intimidate Ahab. But the weak sovereign began to show a little more spirit, as appears in his abandoning "my lord the king" for the single "tell him," and giving him a dry but sarcastic hint to glory no more till the victory is won. Kindling into a rage at the cool defiance, Ben-hadad gave orders for the immediate sack of the city.
【왕상20:12 JFB】12. as he was drinking, he and the kings in the pavilions—booths made of branches of trees and brushwood; which were reared for kings in the camp, as they still are for Turkish pashas or agas in their expeditions [Keil].
Set yourselves in array—Invest the city.
【왕상20:12 MHCC】The proud Syrians were beaten, and the despised Israelites were conquerors. The orders of the proud, drunken king disordered his troops, and prevented them from attacking the Israelites. Those that are most secure, are commonly least courageous. Ahab slew the Syrians with a great slaughter. God often makes one wicked man a scourge to another.
【왕상20:13 JFB】왕상20:13-20. The Syrians Are Slain.
13-21. behold, there came a prophet unto Ahab—Though the king and people of Israel had highly offended Him, God had not utterly cast them off. He still cherished designs of mercy towards them, and here, though unasked, gave them a signal proof of His interest in them, by a prophet's animating announcement that the Lord would that day deliver the mighty hosts of the enemy into his hand by means of a small, feeble, inadequate band. Conformably to the prophet's instructions, two hundred thirty-two young men went boldly out towards the camp of the enemy, while seven thousand more, apparently volunteers, followed at some little distance, or posted themselves at the gate, to be ready to reinforce those in front if occasion required it. Ben-hadad and his vassals and princes were already, at that early hour—scarcely midday—deep in their cups; and though informed of this advancing company, yet confiding in his numbers, or it may be, excited with wine, he ordered with indifference the proud intruders to be taken alive, whether they came with peaceful or hostile intentions. It was more easily said than done; the young men smote right and left, making terrible havoc among their intended captors; and their attack, together with the sight of the seven thousand, who soon rushed forward to mingle in the fray, created a panic in the Syrian army, who immediately took up flight. Ben-hadad himself escaped the pursuit of the victors on a fleet horse, surrounded by a squadron of horse guards. This glorious victory, won so easily, and with such a paltry force opposed to overwhelming numbers, was granted that Ahab and his people might know (왕상20:13) that God is the Lord. But we do not read of this acknowledgment being made, or of any sacrifices being offered in token of their national gratitude.
【왕상20:22 JFB】22-26. the prophet came to the king of Israel, and said—The same prophet who had predicted the victory shortly reappeared, admonishing the king to take every precaution against a renewal of hostilities in the following campaign.
at the return of the year—that is, in spring, when, on the cessation of the rainy season, military campaigns (삼하11:1), were anciently begun. It happened as the prophet had forewarned. Brooding over their late disastrous defeat, the attendants of Ben-hadad ascribed the misfortune to two causes—the one arose from the principles of heathenism which led them to consider the gods of Israel as "gods of the hills"; whereas their power to aid the Israelites would be gone if the battle was maintained on the plains. The other cause to which the Syrian courtiers traced their defeat at Samaria, was the presence of the tributary kings, who had probably been the first to take flight; and they recommended "captains to be put in their rooms." Approving of these recommendations, Ben-hadad renewed his invasion of Israel the next spring by the siege of Aphek in the valley of Jezreel (compare 삼상29:1, with 삼상28:4), not far from En-dor.
【왕상20:22 MHCC】Those about Benhadad advised him to change his ground. They take it for granted that it was not Israel, but Israel's gods, that beat them; but they speak very ignorantly of Jehovah. They supposed that Israel had many gods, to whom they ascribed limited power within a certain district; thus vain were the Gentiles in their imaginations concerning God. The greatest wisdom in worldly concerns is often united with the most contemptible folly in the things of God.
【왕상20:27 JFB】27-31. like two little flocks of kids—Goats are never seen in large flocks, or scattered, like sheep; and hence the two small but compact divisions of the Israelite force are compared to goats, not sheep. Humanly speaking, that little handful of men would have been overpowered by numbers. But a prophet was sent to the small Israelite army to announce the victory, in order to convince the Syrians that the God of Israel was omnipotent everywhere, in the valley as well as on the hills. And, accordingly, after the two armies had pitched opposite each other for seven days, they came to an open battle. One hundred thousand Syrians lay dead on the field, while the fugitives took refuge in Aphek, and there, crowding on the city walls, they endeavored to make a stand against their pursuers; but the old walls giving way under the incumbent weight, fell and buried twenty-seven thousand in the ruins. Ben-hadad succeeded in extricating himself, and, with his attendants, sought concealment in the city, fleeing from chamber to chamber; or, as some think it, an inner chamber, that is, a harem; but seeing no ultimate means of escape, he was advised to throw himself on the tender mercies of the Israelitish monarch.
【왕상20:31 MHCC】This encouragement sinners have to repent and humble themselves before God; Have we not heard, that the God of Israel is a merciful God? Have we not found him so? That is gospel repentance, which flows from an apprehension of the mercy of God, in Christ; there is forgiveness with him. What a change is here! The most haughty in prosperity often are most abject in adversity; an evil spirit will thus affect a man in both these conditions. There are those on whom, like Ahab, success is ill bestowed; they know not how to serve either God or their generation, or even their own true interests with their prosperity: Let favour be showed to the wicked, yet will he not learn righteousness. The prophet designed to reprove Ahab by a parable. If a good prophet were punished for sparing his friend and God's when God said, Smite, of much sorer punishment should a wicked king be thought worthy, who spared his enemy and God's, when God said, Smite. Ahab went to his house, heavy and displeased, not truly penitent, or seeking to undo what he had done amiss; every way out of humour, notwithstanding his victory. Alas! many that hear the glad tidings of Christ, are busy and there till the day of salvation is gone.
【왕상20:32 JFB】32-34. put ropes on their heads—Captives were dragged by ropes round their necks in companies, as is depicted on the monuments of Egypt. Their voluntary attitude and language of submission flattered the pride of Ahab, who, little concerned about the dishonor done to the God of Israel by the Syrian king, and thinking of nothing but victory, paraded his clemency, called the vanquished king "his brother," invited him to sit in the royal chariot, and dismissed him with a covenant of peace.
【왕상20:34 JFB】34. streets for thee in Damascus—implying that a quarter of that city was to be assigned to Jews, with the free exercise of their religion and laws, under a judge of their own. This misplaced kindness to a proud and impious idolater, so unbecoming a theocratic monarch, exposed Ahab to the same censure and fate as Saul (삼상15:9, &c.). It was in opposition to God's purpose in giving him the victory.
【왕상20:35 JFB】왕상20:35-42. A Prophet Reproves Him.
35-38. Smite me—This prophet is supposed (왕상20:8) to have been Micaiah. The refusal of his neighbor to smite the prophet was manifestly wrong, as it was a withholding of necessary aid to a prophet in the discharge of a duty to which he had been called by God, and it was severely punished [왕상20:36], as a beacon to warn others (see on 왕상13:2-24). The prophet found a willing assistant, and then, waiting for Ahab, leads the king unconsciously, in the parabolic manner of Nathan (삼하12:1-4), to pronounce his own doom; and this consequent punishment was forthwith announced by a prophet (see on 왕상21:17).
【왕상20:39 JFB】39. a talent of silver—£342.
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