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■ 열왕기상 10장
1. 스바 여왕이 여호와의 이름으로 말미암은 솔로몬의 명예를 듣고 와서 어려운 문제로 저를 시험코자 하여
And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon concerning the name of the Lord , she came to prove him with hard questions .
2. 예루살렘에 이르니 수원이 심히 많고 향품과 심히 많은 금과 보석을 약대에 실었더라 저가 솔로몬에게 나아와 자기 마음에 있는 것을 다 말하매
And she came to Jerusalem with a very great train , with camels that bare spices , and very much gold , and precious stones : and when she was come to Solomon , she communed with him of all that was in her heart .
3. 솔로몬이 그 묻는 말을 다 대답하였으니 왕이 은미하여 대답지 못한 것이 없었더라
And Solomon told her all her questions : there was not any thing hid from the king , which he told her not.
4. 스바 여왕이 솔로몬의 모든 지혜와 그 건축한 궁과
And when the queen of Sheba had seen all Solomon’s wisdom , and the house that he had built ,
5. 그 상의 식물과 그 신복들의 좌석과 그 신하들의 시립한 것과 그들의 공복과 술 관원들과 여호와의 전에 올라가는 층계를 보고 정신이 현황하여
And the meat of his table , and the sitting of his servants , and the attendance of his ministers , and their apparel , and his cupbearers , and his ascent by which he went up unto the house of the Lord ; there was no more spirit in her.
6. 왕께 고하되 내가 내 나라에서 당신의 행위와 당신의 지혜에 대하여 들은 소문이 진실하도다
And she said to the king , It was a true report that I heard in mine own land of thy acts and of thy wisdom .
7. 내가 그 말들을 믿지 아니하였더니 이제 와서 목도한즉 내게 말한 것은 절반도 못되니 당신의 지혜와 복이 나의 들은 소문에 지나도다
Howbeit I believed not the words , until I came , and mine eyes had seen it: and, behold, the half was not told me: thy wisdom and prosperity exceedeth the fame which I heard .
8. 복되도다 당신의 사람들이여 복되도다 당신의 이 신복들이여 항상 당신의 앞에 서서 당신의 지혜를 들음이로다
Happy are thy men , happy are these thy servants , which stand continually before thee, and that hear thy wisdom .
9. 당신의 하나님 여호와를 송축할지로다 여호와께서 당신을 기뻐하사 이스라엘 위에 올리셨고 여호와께서 영영히 이스라엘을 사랑하시므로 당신을 세워 왕을 삼아 공과 의를 행하게 하셨도다 하고
Blessed be the Lord thy God , which delighted in thee, to set thee on the throne of Israel : because the Lord loved Israel for ever , therefore made he thee king , to do judgment and justice .
10. 이에 저가 금 일백이십 달란트와 심히 많은 향품과 보석을 왕께 드렸으니 스바 여왕이 솔로몬 왕께 드린 것처럼 많은 향품이 다시 오지 아니하였더라
And she gave the king an hundred and twenty talents of gold , and of spices very great store , and precious stones : there came no more such abundance of spices as these which the queen of Sheba gave to king Solomon .
11. (오빌에서부터 금을 실어 온 히람의 배들이 오빌에서 많은 백단목과 보석을 운반하여 오매
And the navy also of Hiram , that brought gold from Ophir , brought in from Ophir great plenty of almug trees , and precious stones .
12. 왕이 백단목으로 여호와의 전과 왕궁의 난간을 만들고 또 노래하는 자를 위하여 수금과 비파를 만들었으니 이 같은 백단목은 전에도 온 일이 없었고 오늘까지도 보지 못하였더라)
And the king made of the almug trees pillars for the house of the Lord , and for the king’s house , harps also and psalteries for singers : there came no such almug trees , nor were seen unto this day .
13. 솔로몬 왕이 왕의 규례대로 스바 여왕에게 물건을 준 외에 또 저의 소원대로 무릇 구하는 것을 주니 이에 저가 그 신복들로 더불어 본국으로 돌아갔더라
And king Solomon gave unto the queen of Sheba all her desire , whatsoever she asked , beside that which Solomon gave her of his royal bounty . So she turned and went to her own country , she and her servants .
14. 솔로몬의 세입금의 중수가 육백육십육 금 달란트요
Now the weight of gold that came to Solomon in one year was six hundred threescore and six talents of gold ,
15. 그 외에 또 상고와 무역하는 객상과 아라비아 왕들과 나라의 방백들에게서도 가져온지라
Beside that he had of the merchantmen , and of the traffick of the spice merchants , and of all the kings of Arabia , and of the governors of the country .
16. 솔로몬 왕이 쳐서 늘인 금으로 큰 방패 이백을 만들었으니 매 방패에 든 금이 육백 세겔이며
And king Solomon made two hundred targets of beaten gold : six hundred shekels of gold went to one target .
17. 또 쳐서 늘인 금으로 작은 방패 삼백을 만들었으니 매 방패에 든 금이 삼 마네라 왕이 이것들을 레바논 나무 궁에 두었더라
And he made three hundred shields of beaten gold ; three pound of gold went to one shield : and the king put them in the house of the forest of Lebanon .
18. 왕이 또 상아로 큰 보좌를 만들고 정금으로 입혔으니
Moreover the king made a great throne of ivory , and overlaid it with the best gold .
19. 그 보좌에는 여섯 층계가 있고 보좌 뒤에 둥근 머리가 있고 앉는 자리 양편에는 팔걸이가 있고 팔걸이 곁에는 사자가 하나씩 섰으며
The throne had six steps , and the top of the throne was round behind : and there were stays on either side on the place of the seat , and two lions stood beside the stays .
20. 또 열두 사자가 있어 그 여섯 층계 좌우편에 섰으니 아무 나라에도 이같이 만든 것이 없었더라
And twelve lions stood there on the one side and on the other upon the six steps : there was not the like made in any kingdom .
21. 솔로몬 왕의 마시는 그릇은 다 금이요 레바논 나무 궁의 그릇들도 다 정금이라 은 기물이 없으니 솔로몬의 시대에 은을 귀히 여기지 아니함은
And all king Solomon’s drinking vessels were of gold , and all the vessels of the house of the forest of Lebanon were of pure gold ; none were of silver : it was nothing accounted of in the days of Solomon .
22. 왕이 바다에 다시스 배들을 두어 히람의 배와 함께 있게 하고 그 다시스 배로 삼 년에 일차씩 금과 은과 상아와 잔나비와 공작을 실어왔음이더라
For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram : once in three years came the navy of Tharshish , bringing gold , and silver , ivory , and apes , and peacocks .
23. 솔로몬 왕의 재산과 지혜가 천하 열왕보다 큰지라
So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth for riches and for wisdom .
24. 천하가 다 하나님께서 솔로몬의 마음에 주신 지혜를 들으며 그 얼굴을 보기 원하여
And all the earth sought to Solomon , to hear his wisdom , which God had put in his heart .
25. 각기 예물을 가지고 왔으니 곧 은 그릇과 금 그릇과 의복과 갑옷과 향품과 말과 노새라 해마다 정한 수가 있었더라
And they brought every man his present , vessels of silver , and vessels of gold , and garments , and armour , and spices , horses , and mules , a rate year by year .
26. 솔로몬이 병거와 마병을 모으매 병거가 일천사백이요 마병이 일만 이천이라 병거성에도 두고 예루살렘 왕에게도 두었으며
And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen : and he had a thousand and four hundred chariots , and twelve thousand horsemen , whom he bestowed in the cities for chariots , and with the king at Jerusalem .
27. 왕이 예루살렘에서 은을 돌 같이 흔하게 하고 백향목을 평지의 뽕나무 같이 많게 하였더라
And the king made silver to be in Jerusalem as stones , and cedars made he to be as the sycomore trees that are in the vale , for abundance .
28. 솔로몬의 말들은 애굽에서 내어왔으니 왕의 상고들이 떼로 정가하여 산 것이며
And Solomon had horses brought out of Egypt , and linen yarn : the king’s merchants received the linen yarn at a price .
29. 애굽에서 내어 올린 병거는 하나에 은 육백 세겔이요 말은 일백오십 세겔이라 이와 같이 헷 사람의 모든 왕과 아람 왕들을 위하여도 그 손으로 내어왔더라
And a chariot came up and went out of Egypt for six hundred shekels of silver , and an horse for an hundred and fifty : and so for all the kings of the Hittites , and for the kings of Syria , did they bring them out by their means .
■ 주석 보기
【왕상10:1 JFB】왕상10:1-13. The Queen of Sheba Admires the Wisdom of Solomon.
1. the queen of Sheba—Some think her country was the Sabean kingdom of Yemen, of which the capital was Saba, in Arabia-Felix; others, that it was in African Ethiopia, that is, Abyssinia, towards the south of the Red Sea. The opinions preponderate in favor of the former. This view harmonizes with the language of our Lord, as Yemen means "South"; and this country, extending to the shores of the Indian ocean, might in ancient times be considered "the uttermost parts of the earth."
heard of the fame of Solomon—doubtless by the Ophir fleet.
concerning the name of the Lord—meaning either his great knowledge of God, or the extraordinary things which God had done for him.
hard questions—enigmas or riddles. The Orientals delight in this species of intellectual exercise and test wisdom by the power and readiness to solve them.
【왕상10:1 CWC】[CLOSE OF SOLOMON'S REIGN]
1. Wisdom and Wealth, 9:26-10:29.
A look at map No. 5, at the back of your Bible, will identify the locality of verse 26, whence Solomon, with the assistance of Hiram, extended his influence by sea. "Ophir" (v. 28) has been regarded as a general name for all the territory on the south and in the neighborhood of the inland seas. A "talent" is not easy to estimate but, on the supposition of some that a talent of gold represented about $30,000, we have here a contribution of between $12,000,000 and $14,000,000. In our day not so much, but in that day a tremendous fortune.
One result of expansion by the sea was the visitors it brought, as illustrated by the queen of Sheba, whose country cannot be identified except in a general way as indicated by our Lord (마12:42, 눅11:31). A query arises as to whether verse 9 means that she was really converted to Jehovah as the result of what she saw and heard.
The "targets" or shields of verse 16, usually made of wood and covered with leather, were weapons of defense for the palace. (See 14:26.)
"Tarshish" (v. 22) is a general term for the west, as Ophir was for the south, and points to Solomon's commercial ventures across the Mediterranean.
Verse 26 shows him departing from the commandment of God about horses and chariots (신17:16), and at a wholesale rate, judging by verses 28 and 29 in the Revised Version.
2. Voluptuousness and Idolatry, 11:1-8.
What had become of Solomon's wisdom? The answer is, that the wisdom he had was of the earthly rather than the heavenly kind. It was sufficient to keep the city but not to keep his heart. It helped him rule the kingdom but not his own spirit. Was Solomon really regenerated, who can tell? (Compare Pro v. 31:1-3 and Eccl에4:13.)
The princesses were daughters of tributary kings taken as hostages perhaps, or to strengthen Solomon's hands in the political sense; but the concubines were secondary wives not having the same recognition in the kingdom.
Compare 왕하23:13 for the name given to that part of Olivet on which Solomon built the temples for the false gods. These he had been induced to worship through the influence of his harem. God alone knows what loathsome wickedness this may have introduced into Israel.
3. Chastisement and Sorrow, 11:9-43.
What aggravated Solomon's offence (vv. 9, 10)? What judgment is threatened (v. 11)? But what mercy is shown and why (v. 12)? To what extent was the kingdom to be rent from Solomon (v. 13)? The significance of this is that in the line of David that "greater than Solomon" was to come of whom we learned in 2 Samuel 11. (Compare also vv. 35 and 36.) We shall see later that not only was Judah left to Solomon's son, but Benjamin and Levi as well, three tribes, although here named as one. Many individuals and families in the other tribes in addition stayed with him for religious reasons. (See 12:17 and 대하11:12, 13.)
Who was the first rod of God's anger raised against Solomon (v. 14)? And the second (vv. 23-25)? And the third (v. 26)?
This last was the most formidable because of the internal commotion he aroused. He came first into notice as a mechanical engineer in charge of some of Solomon's many works (vv. 27, 28); but God had chosen him for a higher task, the knowledge of which seems to have turned his head (vv. 29-31). He could not wait patiently for God to remove Solomon as David did in the case of Saul, but began to take matters into his own hand with the consequences in verse 40.
Observe the name of the book of record from which the inspired compiler of 1 Kings may have obtained his data (v. 41), and compare with it the statement in 대하9:29.
【왕상10:1 MHCC】The queen of Sheba came to Solomon to hear his wisdom, thereby to improve her own. Our Saviour mentions her inquiries after God, by Solomon, as showing the stupidity of those who inquire not after God, by our Lord Jesus Christ. By waiting and prayer, by diligently searching the Scriptures, by consulting wise and experienced Christians, and by practising what we have learned, we shall be delivered from difficulties. Solomon's wisdom made more impression upon the queen of Sheba than all his prosperity and grandeur. There is a spiritual excellence in heavenly things, and in consistent Christians, to which no reports can do justice. Here the truth exceeded; and all who, through grace, are brought to commune with God, will say the one half was not told them of the pleasures and the advantages of wisdom's ways. Glorified saints, much more, will say of heaven, that the thousandth part was not told them, 고전2:9. She pronounced them happy that constantly attended Solomon. With much more reason may we say of Christ's servants, Blessed are they that dwell in his house; they will be still praising him. She made a noble present to Solomon. What we present to Christ, he needs not, but will have us do so to express our gratitude. The believer who has been with Jesus, will return to his station, discharge his duties with readiness, and from better motives; looking forward to the day when, being absent from the body, he shall be present with the Lord.
【왕상10:2 JFB】2. she came to Jerusalem with a very great train, with camels—A long train of those beasts of burden forms the common way of travelling in Arabia; and the presents specified consist of the native produce of that country. Of course, a royal equipage would be larger and more imposing than an ordinary caravan.
【왕상10:6 JFB】6. It was a true report that I heard in mine own land of thy acts and of thy wisdom—The proofs she obtained of Solomon's wisdom—not from his conversation only, but also from his works; the splendor of his palace; the economy of his kitchen and table; the order of his court; the gradations and gorgeous costume of his servants; above all, the arched viaduct that led from his palace to the temple (왕하16:18), and the remains of which have been recently discovered [Robinson]—overwhelmed her with astonishment. [See on 대하9:4.]
【왕상10:9 JFB】9. Blessed be the Lord thy God—(See on 왕상5:7). It is quite possible, as Jewish writers say, that this queen was converted, through Solomon's influence, to the worship of the true God. But there is no record of her making any gift or offering in the temple.
【왕상10:10 JFB】10. she gave the king an hundred and twenty talents of gold—£720,00.
【왕상10:11 JFB】11. almug trees—Parenthetically, along with the valuable presents of the queen of Sheba, is mentioned a foreign wood, which was brought in the Ophir ships. It is thought by some to be the sandalwood; by others, to be the deodar—a species of fragrant fir, much used in India for sacred and important works. Solomon used it for stairs in his temple and palace (대하9:11), but chiefly for musical instruments.
【왕상10:13 JFB】13. King Solomon gave unto the queen of Sheba all her desire, whatsoever she asked, beside—that is, Solomon not only gave his illustrious guest all the insight and information she wanted; but, according to the Oriental fashion, he gave her ample remuneration for the presents she had brought.
【왕상10:14 JFB】왕상10:14-29. His Riches.
14, 15. Now the weight of gold that came to Solomon in one year—666 talents, equal to £3,996,000. The sources whence this was derived are not mentioned; nor was it the full amount of his revenue; for this was "Beside that he had of the merchantmen, and of the traffic of the spice merchants, and of all the kings of Arabia, and of the governors of the country." The great encouragement he gave to commerce was the means of enriching his royal treasury. By the fortifications which he erected in various parts of his kingdom, (particularly at such places as Thapsacus, one of the passages of Euphrates, and at Tadmor, in the Syrian desert), he gave complete security to the caravan trade from the depredations of the Arab marauders; and it was reasonable that, in return for this protection, he should exact a certain toll or duty for the importation of foreign goods. A considerable revenue, too, would arise from the use of the store cities and khans he built; and it is not improbable that those cities were emporia, where the caravan merchants unloaded their bales of spices and other commodities and sold them to the king's factors, who, according to the modern practice in the East, retailed them in the Western markets at a profit. "The revenue derived from the tributary kings and from the governors of the country" must have consisted in the tribute which all inferior magistrates periodically bring to their sovereigns in the East, in the shape of presents of the produce of their respective provinces.
【왕상10:14 MHCC】Solomon increased his wealth. Silver was nothing accounted of. Such is the nature of worldly wealth, plenty of it makes it the less valuable; much more should the enjoyment of spiritual riches lessen our esteem of all earthly possessions. If gold in abundance makes silver to be despised, shall not wisdom, and grace, and the foretastes of heaven, which are far better than gold, make gold to be lightly esteemed? See in Solomon's greatness the performance of God's promise, and let it encourage us to seek first the righteousness of God's kingdom. This was he, who, having tasted all earthly enjoyments, wrote a book, to show the vanity of all worldly things, the vexation of spirit that attends them, and the folly of setting our hearts upon them: and to recommend serious godliness, as that which will do unspeakably more to make us happy, that all the wealth and power he was master of; and, through the grace of God, it is within our reach.
【왕상10:16 JFB】16, 17. two hundred targets, six hundred shekels—These defensive arms were anciently made of wood and covered with leather; those were covered with fine gold. 600 shekels were used in the gilding of each target—300 for each shield. They were intended for the state armory of the palace (see 왕상14:26).
【왕상10:18 JFB】18-26. a great throne of ivory—It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing—while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footstool is mentioned (대하9:18) as attached to this throne, whose magnificence is described as unrivalled.
【왕상10:22 JFB】22. a navy of Tharshish—Tartessus in Spain. There gold, and especially silver, was obtained, anciently, in so great abundance that it was nothing accounted of in the days of Solomon. But "Tarshish" came to be a general term for the West (욘1:3).
at sea—on the Mediterranean.
once in three years—that is, every third year. Without the mariner's compass they had to coast along the shore. The ivory, apes, and peacocks might have been purchased, on the outward or homeward voyage, on the north coast of Africa, where the animals were to be found. They were particularized, probably as being the rarest articles on board.
【왕상10:26 JFB】26-29.—(See on 대하1:14 [and 대하9:25].)
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