티스토리 뷰
■ 목차
├ 본문 보기
├ 주석 보기
└ 일러두기
| 한글듣기☞ | 영어듣기☞ |
■ 열왕기상 1장
1. 다윗 왕이 나이 많아 늙으니 이불을 덮어도 따뜻하지 아니한지라
Now king David was old and stricken in years ; and they covered him with clothes , but he gat no heat .
2. 그 신복들이 왕께 고하되 우리 주 왕을 위하여 젊은 처녀 하나를 구하여 저로 왕을 모셔 봉양하고 왕의 품에 누워 우리 주 왕으로 따뜻하시게 하리이다 하고
Wherefore his servants said unto him, Let there be sought for my lord the king a young virgin : and let her stand before the king , and let her cherish him, and let her lie in thy bosom , that my lord the king may get heat .
3. 이스라엘 사방 경내에 아리따운 동녀를 구하다가 수넴 여자 아비삭을 얻어 왕께 데려왔으니
So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the coasts of Israel , and found Abishag a Shunammite , and brought her to the king .
4. 이 동녀는 심히 아리따운 자라 저가 왕을 봉양하며 수종하였으나 왕이 더불어 동침하지 아니하였더라
And the damsel was very fair , and cherished the king , and ministered to him: but the king knew her not.
5. 때에 학깃의 아들 아도니야가 스스로 높여서 이르기를 내가 왕이 되리라 하고 자기를 위하여 병거와 기병과 전배 오십 인을 예비하니
Then Adonijah the son of Haggith exalted himself, saying , I will be king : and he prepared him chariots and horsemen , and fifty men to run before him.
6. 저는 압살롬의 다음에 난 자요 체용이 심히 준수한 자라 그 부친이 네가 어찌하여 그리하였느냐 하는 말로 한번도 저를 섭섭하게 한 일이 없었더라
And his father had not displeased him at any time in saying , Why hast thou done so ? and he also was a very goodly man; and his mother bare him after Absalom .
7. 아도니야가 스루야의 아들 요압과 제사장 아비아달과 모의하니 저희가 좇아 도우나
And he conferred with Joab the son of Zeruiah , and with Abiathar the priest : and they following Adonijah helped him.
8. 제사장 사독과 여호야다의 아들 브나야와 선지자 나단과 시므이와 레이와 다윗에게 속한 용사들은 아도니야와 같이 하지 아니하였더라
But Zadok the priest , and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada , and Nathan the prophet , and Shimei , and Rei , and the mighty men which belonged to David , were not with Adonijah .
9. 아도니야가 에느로겔 근방 소헬렛 돌 곁에서 양과 소와 살찐 송아지를 잡고 왕자 곧 자기의 모든 동생과 왕의 신복 유다 모든 사람을 다 청하였으나
And Adonijah slew sheep and oxen and fat cattle by the stone of Zoheleth , which is by En–rogel , and called all his brethren the king’s sons , and all the men of Judah the king’s servants :
10. 선지자 나단과 브나야와 용사들과 자기 동생 솔로몬은 청하지 아니하였더라
But Nathan the prophet , and Benaiah , and the mighty men , and Solomon his brother , he called not.
11. 나단이 솔로몬의 모친 밧세바에게 고하여 가로되 학깃의 아들 아도니야가 왕이 됨을 듣지 못하였나이까 우리 주 다윗은 알지 못하시나이다
Wherefore Nathan spake unto Bath–sheba the mother of Solomon , saying , Hast thou not heard that Adonijah the son of Haggith doth reign , and David our lord knoweth it not?
12. 이제 나로 당신의 생명과 당신의 아들 솔로몬의 생명 구원할 계교 베풀기를 허락하소서
Now therefore come , let me, I pray thee, give thee counsel , that thou mayest save thine own life , and the life of thy son Solomon .
13. 당신은 다윗 왕 앞에 들어가서 고하기를 내 주 왕이여 전에 왕이 계집종에게 맹세하여 이르시기를 네 아들 솔로몬이 정녕 나를 이어 왕이 되어 내 위에 앉으리라 하지 아니하셨나이까 그런데 아도니야가 무슨 연고로 왕이 되었나이까 하소서
Go and get thee in unto king David , and say unto him, Didst not thou, my lord , O king , swear unto thine handmaid , saying , Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne ? why then doth Adonijah reign ?
14. 당신이 거기서 왕과 말씀할 때에 나도 이어 들어가서 당신의 말씀을 증거하리이다
Behold, while thou yet talkest there with the king , I also will come in after thee, and confirm thy words .
15. 밧세바가 이에 침실에 들어가 왕에게 이르니 왕이 심히 늙었으므로 수넴 여자 아비삭이 시종하였더라
And Bath–sheba went in unto the king into the chamber : and the king was very old ; and Abishag the Shunammite ministered unto the king .
16. 밧세바가 몸을 굽혀 왕께 절하니 왕이 이르되 어찜이냐
And Bath–sheba bowed , and did obeisance unto the king . And the king said , What wouldest thou?
17. 저가 왕께 대답하되 내 주여 왕이 전에 왕의 하나님 여호와를 가리켜 계집종에게 맹세하시기를 네 아들 솔로몬이 정녕 나를 이어 왕이 되어 내 위에 앉으리라 하셨거늘
And she said unto him, My lord , thou swarest by the Lord thy God unto thine handmaid , saying, Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne .
18. 이제 아도니야가 왕이 되었어도 내 주 왕은 알지 못하시나이다
And now, behold, Adonijah reigneth ; and now, my lord the king , thou knowest it not:
19. 저가 수소와 살진 송아지와 양을 많이 잡고 왕의 모든 아들과 제사장 아비아달과 군대장관 요압을 청하였으나 왕의 종 솔로몬은 청치 아니하였나이다
And he hath slain oxen and fat cattle and sheep in abundance , and hath called all the sons of the king , and Abiathar the priest , and Joab the captain of the host : but Solomon thy servant hath he not called .
20. 내 주 왕이여 온 이스라엘이 왕에게 다 주목하고 누가 내 주 왕을 이어 그 위에 앉을 것을 반포하시기를 기다리나이다
And thou, my lord , O king , the eyes of all Israel are upon thee, that thou shouldest tell them who shall sit on the throne of my lord the king after him.
21. 그렇지 아니하면 내 주 왕께서 그 열조와 함께 잘 때에 나와 내 아들 솔로몬은 죄인이 되리이다
Otherwise it shall come to pass, when my lord the king shall sleep with his fathers , that I and my son Solomon shall be counted offenders .
22. 밧세바가 왕과 말씀할 때에 선지자 나단이 들어온지라
And, lo, while she yet talked with the king , Nathan the prophet also came in .
23. 혹이 왕께 고하여 가로되 선지자 나단이 여기 있나이다 하니 저가 왕 앞에 들어와서 얼굴을 땅에 대어 왕께 절하고
And they told the king , saying , Behold Nathan the prophet . And when he was come in before the king , he bowed himself before the king with his face to the ground .
24. 가로되 내 주 왕께서 이르시기를 아도니야가 나를 이어 왕이 되어 내 위에 앉으리라 하셨나이까
And Nathan said , My lord , O king , hast thou said , Adonijah shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne ?
25. 저가 오늘 내려가서 수소와 살진 송아지와 양을 많이 잡고 왕의 모든 아들과 군대장관들과 제사장 아비아달을 청하였는데 저희가 아도니야 앞에서 먹고 마시며 아도니야 왕 만세를 불렀나이다
For he is gone down this day , and hath slain oxen and fat cattle and sheep in abundance , and hath called all the king’s sons , and the captains of the host , and Abiathar the priest ; and, behold, they eat and drink before him, and say , God save king Adonijah .
26. 그러나 왕의 종 나와 제사장 사독과 여호야다의 아들 브나야와 왕의 종 솔로몬은 청치 아니하였사오니
But me, even me thy servant , and Zadok the priest , and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada , and thy servant Solomon , hath he not called .
27. 이것이 내 주 왕의 하신 일이니이까 그런데 왕께서 내 주 왕을 이어 그 위에 앉을 자를 종에게 알게 하지 아니하셨나이다
Is this thing done by my lord the king , and thou hast not shewed it unto thy servant , who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?
28. 다윗 왕이 명하여 가로되 밧세바를 내 앞으로 부르라 하매 저가 왕의 앞으로 들어와 그 앞에 서는지라
Then king David answered and said , Call me Bath–sheba . And she came into the king’s presence , and stood before the king .
29. 왕이 가로되 내 생명을 모든 환난에서 구원하신 여호와의 사심을 가리켜 맹세하노라
And the king sware , and said , As the Lord liveth , that hath redeemed my soul out of all distress ,
30. 내가 이전에 이스라엘 하나님 여호와를 가리켜 네게 맹세하여 이르기를 네 아들 솔로몬이 정녕 나를 이어 왕이 되고 나를 대신하여 내 위에 앉으리라 하였으니 내가 오늘날 그대로 행하리라
Even as I sware unto thee by the Lord God of Israel , saying , Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne in my stead; even so will I certainly do this day .
31. 밧세바가 얼굴을 땅에 대어 절하며 내 주 다윗 왕은 만세수를 하옵소서 하니라
Then Bath–sheba bowed with her face to the earth , and did reverence to the king , and said , Let my lord king David live for ever .
32. 다윗 왕이 가로되 제사장 사독과 선지자 나단과 여호야다의 아들 브나야를 내 앞으로 부르라 하니 저희가 왕 앞에 이른지라
And king David said , Call me Zadok the priest , and Nathan the prophet , and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada . And they came before the king .
33. 왕이 저희에게 이르되 너희는 너희 주의 신복들을 데리고 내 아들 솔로몬을 나의 노새에 태우고 기혼으로 인도하여 내려가고
The king also said unto them, Take with you the servants of your lord , and cause Solomon my son to ride upon mine own mule , and bring him down to Gihon :
34. 거기서 제사장 사독과 선지자 나단은 저에게 기름을 부어 이스라엘 왕을 삼고 너희는 양각을 불며 솔로몬 왕 만세를 부르고
And let Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anoint him there king over Israel : and blow ye with the trumpet , and say , God save king Solomon .
35. 저를 따라 올라오라 저가 와서 내 위에 앉아 나를 대신하여 왕이 되리라 내가 저를 세워 이스라엘과 유다의 주권자가 되게 하기로 작정하였느니라
Then ye shall come up after him, that he may come and sit upon my throne ; for he shall be king in my stead: and I have appointed him to be ruler over Israel and over Judah .
36. 여호야다의 아들 브나야가 왕께 대답하여 가로되 아멘 내 주 왕의 하나님 여호와께서도 이렇게 말씀하시기를 원하오며
And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada answered the king , and said , Amen : the Lord God of my lord the king say so too.
37. 또 여호와께서 내 주 왕과 함께 계심 같이 솔로몬과 함께 계셔서 그 위를 내 주 다윗 왕의 위보다 더 크게 하시기를 원하나이다 하니라
As the Lord hath been with my lord the king , even so be he with Solomon , and make his throne greater than the throne of my lord king David .
38. 제사장 사독과 선지자 나단과 여호야다의 아들 브나야와 그렛 사람과 블렛 사람이 내려가서 솔로몬을 다윗 왕의 노새에 태우고 인도하여 기혼으로 가서
So Zadok the priest , and Nathan the prophet , and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada , and the Cherethites , and the Pelethites , went down , and caused Solomon to ride upon king David’s mule , and brought him to Gihon .
39. 제사장 사독이 성막 가운데서 기름 뿔을 가져다가 솔로몬에게 기름을 부으니 이에 양각을 불고 모든 백성이 솔로몬 왕 만세를 부르니라
And Zadok the priest took an horn of oil out of the tabernacle , and anointed Solomon . And they blew the trumpet ; and all the people said , God save king Solomon .
40. 모든 백성이 왕을 따라 올라와서 피리를 불며 크게 즐거워하므로 땅이 저희 소리로 인하여 갈라질 듯하니
And all the people came up after him, and the people piped with pipes , and rejoiced with great joy , so that the earth rent with the sound of them.
41. 아도니야와 저와 함께 한 손들이 먹기를 마칠 때에 다 들은지라 요압이 양각 소리를 듣고 가로되 성중에서 소리가 어찌하여 요란하뇨
And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating . And when Joab heard the sound of the trumpet , he said , Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar ?
42. 말할 때에 제사장 아비아달의 아들 요나단이 오는지라 아도니야가 가로되 들어오라 너는 용사라 아름다운 소식을 가져오는도다
And while he yet spake , behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came : and Adonijah said unto him, Come in ; for thou art a valiant man , and bringest good tidings .
43. 요나단이 아도니야에게 대답하여 가로되 과연 우리 주 다윗 왕이 솔로몬으로 왕을 삼으셨나이다
And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah , Verily our lord king David hath made Solomon king .
44. 왕께서 제사장 사독과 선지자 나단과 여호야다의 아들 브나야와 그렛 사람과 블렛 사람을 솔로몬과 함께 보내셨는데 저희 무리가 왕의 노새에 솔로몬을 태워다가
And the king hath sent with him Zadok the priest , and Nathan the prophet , and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada , and the Cherethites , and the Pelethites , and they have caused him to ride upon the king’s mule :
45. 제사장 사독과 선지자 나단이 기혼에서 기름을 부어 왕을 삼고 무리가 그곳에서 올라오며 즐거워하므로 성중이 진동하였나니 당신들에게 들린 소리가 이것이라
And Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet have anointed him king in Gihon : and they are come up from thence rejoicing , so that the city rang again . This is the noise that ye have heard .
46. 솔로몬이 나라 위에 앉았고
And also Solomon sitteth on the throne of the kingdom .
47. 또 왕의 신복들이 와서 우리 주 다윗 왕에게 축복하여 이르기를 왕의 하나님이 솔로몬의 이름을 왕의 이름보다 아름답게 하시고 그 위를 왕의 위보다 크게 하시기를 원하나이다 하매 왕이 침상에서 몸을 굽히고
And moreover the king’s servants came to bless our lord king David , saying , God make the name of Solomon better than thy name , and make his throne greater than thy throne . And the king bowed himself upon the bed .
48. 이르시기를 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와를 찬송하리로다 여호와께서 오늘날 내 위에 앉을 자를 주사 나로 목도하게 하셨도다 하셨나이다 하니
And also thus said the king , Blessed be the Lord God of Israel , which hath given one to sit on my throne this day , mine eyes even seeing it.
49. 아도니야와 함께 한 손들이 다 놀라 일어나 각기 갈 길로 간지라
And all the guests that were with Adonijah were afraid , and rose up , and went every man his way .
50. 아도니야도 솔로몬을 두려워하여 일어나 가서 제단 뿔을 잡으니
And Adonijah feared because of Solomon , and arose , and went , and caught hold on the horns of the altar .
51. 혹이 솔로몬에게 고하여 가로되 아도니야가 솔로몬 왕을 두려워하여 지금 제단 뿔을 잡고 말하기를 솔로몬 왕이 오늘날 칼로 자기 종을 죽이지 않겠다고 내게 맹세하기를 원한다 하나이다
And it was told Solomon , saying , Behold, Adonijah feareth king Solomon : for, lo, he hath caught hold on the horns of the altar , saying , Let king Solomon swear unto me to day that he will not slay his servant with the sword .
52. 솔로몬이 가로되 저가 만일 선한 사람이 될진대 그 머리카락 하나라도 땅에 떨어지지 아니하려니와 저의 가운데 악한 것이 보이면 죽으리라 하고
And Solomon said , If he will shew himself a worthy man , there shall not an hair of him fall to the earth : but if wickedness shall be found in him, he shall die .
53. 사람을 보내어 저를 제단에서 이끌어 내리니 저가 와서 솔로몬 왕께 절하매 솔로몬이 이르기를 네 집으로 가라 하였더라
So king Solomon sent , and they brought him down from the altar . And he came and bowed himself to king Solomon : and Solomon said unto him, Go to thine house .
■ 주석 보기
【왕상1:1 JFB】왕상1:1-4. Abishag Cherishes David in His Extreme Age.
1, 2. Now king David was old—He was in the seventieth year of his age (삼하5:4, 5). But the wear and tear of a military life, bodily fatigue, and mental care, had prematurely, if we may say it, exhausted the energies of David's strong constitution (삼상16:12). In modern Palestine and Egypt the people, owing to the heat of the climate, sleep each in a "separate" bed. They only depart from this practice for medical reasons (전4:11). The expedient recommended by David's physicians is the regimen still prescribed in similar cases in the East, particularly among the Arab population, not simply to give heat, but "to cherish," as they are aware that the inhalation of young breath will give new life and vigor to the worn-out frame. The fact of the health of the young and healthier person being, as it were, stolen to support that of the more aged and sickly is well established among the medical faculty. And hence the prescription for the aged king was made in a hygienic point of view for the prolongation of his valuable life, and not merely for the comfort to be derived from the natural warmth imparted to his withered frame [Porter,Tent and Khan]. The polygamy of the age and country may account for the introduction of this practice; and it is evident that Abishag was made a concubine or secondary wife to David (see on 왕상2:22).
【왕상1:1 CWC】[THE CORONATION OF SOLOMON]
1. The Occasion for it, 1:10.
The incident in the first four verses is recorded not for itself, but because of what grew out of it in Adonijah's case (2:13-25). It was a custom in the Orient, and still is, to do this for hygienic reasons on the supposition "that the inhalation of young breath will give new vigor to a worn-out frame." The event shows that Abishag was made a concubine or secondary wife to the king (2:22).
Adonijah, doubtless, felt some justification for his conduct in that he was now the eldest son of David (삼하3:4), and no public intimation had been made as to the successor on the throne. Moreover, his father seems to have indulged him in certain liberties (v. 6).
For the history of Zadok and Benaiah see 2 Samuel, 8:17; 15:24; 21:53 and 8:18; 20:23. With Nathan we have met (2 Sam. 7). There was something ominous in the omission of these men from Adonijah's feast (v. 10).
2. The Way of Procedure, 1:11-40.
Bathsheba was a capable woman, for it is inferred from verse 17 that she had great influence with the king. Nathan must have known of the promise spoken of and been aware of its harmony with the divine will to explain his action (vv. 11-27).
3. The Earliest Results, 1:41-2:46.
(4) Adonijah (1:50-53, 2:13-25). The four corners of the altar of burnt offering to which sacrifices were bound, were symbols of salvation and considered as a sanctuary for all except certain classes of offenders (출21:14). Adonijah's offense was rebellion, but he is spared on the conditions named. Unhappily, however, he violates them and, apparently instigated by Joab and Abiathar (v. 22), adopts a course which, according to eastern ideas, was of dangerous consequence to the state.
(2) Abiathar (vv. 26, 27). The punishment of the priest follows that of the usurper. (Note the fulfillment of 삼상2:30).
(3) Joab (vv. 28-34). The crimes of this military leader merited death, according to the divine law (민35:22) which would have been visited upon him earlier, no doubt, had it not been for his power with the army. Compare David's words in 삼하3:28, 29.
(4) Shimei (vv. 36-46). By the death of this man all the leaders of factions inimical to Solomon were cut off, which explains the last sentence of the chapter.
【왕상1:1 MHCC】We have David sinking under infirmities. He was chastised for his recent sins, and felt the effects of his former toils and hardships.
【왕상1:3 JFB】3. a Shunammite—Shunem, in the tribe of Issachar (수19:18), lay on an eminence in the plain of Esdraelon, five miles south of Tabor. It is now called Sulam.
【왕상1:5 JFB】왕상1:5-31. Adonijah Usurps the Kingdom.
5, 6. Then Adonijah the son of Haggith exalted himself—Nothing is said as to the origin or rank of Haggith, so that it is probable she was not distinguished by family descent. Adonijah, though David's fourth son (삼하3:4; 대상3:2), was now the oldest alive; and his personal attractions and manners (삼상9:2) not only recommended him to the leading men about court, but made him the favorite of his father, who, though seeing him assume an equipage becoming only the heir-presumptive to the throne (삼하15:1), said nothing; and his silence was considered by many, as well as by Adonijah, to be equivalent to an expression of consent. The sinking health of the king prompted him to take a decisive step in furtherance of his ambitious designs.
【왕상1:5 MHCC】Indulgent parents are often chastised with disobedient children, who are anxious to possess their estates. No worldly wisdom, nor experience, nor sacredness of character, can insure the continuance in any former course of those who remain under the power of self-love. But we may well wonder by what arts Joab and Abiathar could be drawn aside.
【왕상1:7 JFB】7. he conferred with Joab—The anxiety of Adonijah to secure the influence of a leader so bold, enterprising, and popular with the army was natural, and the accession of the hoary commander is easily accounted for from his recent grudge at the king (see on 삼하19:13).
and with Abiathar the priest—His influence was as great over the priests and Levites—a powerful body in the kingdom—as that of Joab over the troops. It might be that both of them thought the crown belonged to Adonijah by right of primogeniture, from his mature age and the general expectations of the people (왕상2:15).
【왕상1:8 JFB】8. But Zadok the priest—He had been high priest in the tabernacle at Gibeon under Saul (대상16:39). David, on his accession, had conjoined him and Abiathar equal in the exercise of their high functions (삼하8:17; 15:24, 29, 35). But it is extremely probable that some cause of jealousy or discord between them had arisen, and hence each lent his countenance and support to opposite parties.
Benaiah—Distinguished for his bravery (삼상23:20), he had been appointed captain of the king's bodyguard (삼하8:18; 20:23; 대상18:17), and was regarded by Joab as a rival.
Nathan the prophet—He was held in high estimation by David, and stood on the most intimate relations with the royal family (삼하12:25).
Shimei—probably the person of this name who was afterwards enrolled among Solomon's great officers (왕상4:18).
Rei—supposed to be the same as Ira (삼하20:26).
and the mighty men—the select band of worthies.
【왕상1:9 JFB】9, 10. En-rogel—situated (수15:7-10) east of Jerusalem, in a level place, just below the junction of the valley of Hinnom with that of Jehoshaphat. It is a very deep well, measuring one hundred twenty-five feet in depth; the water is sweet, but not very cold, and it is at times quite full to overflowing. The Orientals are fond of enjoying festive repasts in the open air at places which command the advantage of shade, water, and verdure; and those fetes champetres are not cold collations, but magnificent entertainments, the animals being killed and dressed on the spot. Adonijah's feast at En-rogel was one of this Oriental description, and it was on a large scale (삼하3:4, 5; 5:14-16; 대상14:1-7). At the accession of a new king there were sacrifices offered (삼상11:15). But on such an occasion it was no less customary to entertain the grandees of the kingdom and even the populace in a public manner (대상12:23-40). There is the strongest probability that Adonijah's feast was purely political, to court popularity and secure a party to support his claim to the crown.
【왕상1:11 JFB】11-27. Nathan spake unto Bath-sheba … let me … give thee counsel, &c.—The revolt was defeated by this prophet, who, knowing the Lord's will (삼하7:12; 대상22:9), felt himself bound, in accordance with his character and office, to take the lead in seeing it executed. Hitherto the succession of the Hebrew monarchy had not been settled. The Lord had reserved to Himself the right of nomination (신17:15), which was acted upon in the appointments both of Saul and David; and in the case of the latter the rule was so far modified that his posterity were guaranteed the perpetual possession of the sovereignty (삼하7:12). This divine purpose was known throughout the kingdom; but no intimation had been made as to whether the right of inheritance was to belong to the oldest son. Adonijah, in common with the people generally, expected that this natural arrangement should be followed in the Hebrew kingdom as in all others. Nathan, who was aware of the old king's solemn promise to Solomon, and, moreover, that this promise was sanctioned by the divine will, saw that no time was to be lost. Fearing the effects of too sudden excitement in the king's feeble state, he arranged that Bath-sheba should go first to inform him of what was being transacted without the walls, and that he himself should follow to confirm her statement. The narrative here not only exhibits the vivid picture of a scene within the interior of a palace, but gives the impression that a great deal of Oriental state ceremonial had been established in the Hebrew court.
【왕상1:11 MHCC】Observe Nathan's address to Bathsheba. Let me give thee counsel how to save thy own life, and the life of thy son. Such as this is the counsel Christ's ministers give us in his name, to give all diligence, not only that no man take our crown, 계3:11, but that we save our lives, even the lives of our souls. David made a solemn declaration of his firm cleaving to his former resolution, that Solomon should be his successor. Even the recollection of the distresses from which the Lord redeemed him, increased his comfort, inspired his hopes, and animated him to his duty, under the decays of nature and the approach of death.
【왕상1:20 JFB】20. the eyes of all Israel are upon thee, that thou shouldest tell them who shall sit on the throne—When the kings died without declaring their will, then their oldest son succeeded. But frequently they designated long before their death which of their sons should inherit the throne. The kings of Persia, as well as of other Eastern countries, have exercised the same right in modern and even recent times.
【왕상1:21 JFB】21. I and my son … shall be counted offenders—that is, slain, according to the barbarous usage of the East towards all who are rivals to the throne.
【왕상1:28 JFB】28-31. Then king David answered and said, Call me Bath-sheba—He renews to her the solemn pledge he had given, in terms of solemnity and impressiveness which show that the aged monarch had roused himself to the duty the emergency called for.
【왕상1:32 JFB】왕상1:32-49. Solomon, by David's Appointment, Is Anointed King.
【왕상1:32 MHCC】The people expressed great joy and satisfaction in the elevation of Solomon. Every true Israelite rejoices in the exaltation of the Son of David. Combinations formed upon evil principles will soon be dissolved, when self-interest calls another way. How can those who do evil deeds expect to have good tidings? Adonijah had despised Solomon, but soon dreaded him. We see here, as in a glass, Jesus, the Son of David and the Son of God, exalted to the throne of glory, notwithstanding all his enemies. His kingdom is far greater than that of his father David, and therein all the true people of God cordially rejoice. The prosperity of his cause is vexation and terror to his enemies. No horns of the altar, nor forms of godliness, nor pretences to religion, can profit those who will not submit to His authority, and accept of his salvation; and if their submission be hypocritical, they shall perish without remedy.
【왕상1:33 JFB】33. cause Solomon my son to ride upon mine own mule—Directions were forthwith given for the immediate coronation of Solomon. A procession was to be formed by the "servants of their lord"—that is, the king's bodyguard. Mules were then used by all the princes (삼하13:29); but there was a state mule of which all subjects were forbidden, under pain of death, to make use, without special permission; so that its being granted to Solomon was a public declaration in his favor as the future king (see on 에6:8, 9).
bring him down to Gihon—a pool or fountain on the west of Jerusalem (see on 대하32:30), chosen as equally public for the counter proclamation.
【왕상1:34 JFB】34. anoint him—done only in the case of a new dynasty or disputed succession (see on 삼상16:13; 삼하2:1).
【왕상1:35 JFB】35. Then ye shall come up after him, that he may come and sit upon my throne—The public recognition of the successor to the throne, during the old king's lifetime, is accordant with the customs of the East.
【왕상1:39 JFB】39. an horn of oil out of the tabernacle—It was the sacred oil (출30:25) with which the kings were anointed.
【왕상1:40 JFB】40. all the people came up after him—that is, from the valley to the citadel of Zion.
【왕상1:41 JFB】41-49. Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating—The loud shouts raised by the populace at the joyous proclamation at Gihon, and echoed by assembled thousands, from Zion to En-rogel, were easily heard at that distance by Adonijah and his confederates. The arrival of a trusty messenger, who gave a full detail of the coronation ceremony [왕상1:43-48], spread dismay in their camp. The wicked and ambitious plot they had assembled to execute was dissipated, and every one of the conspirators consulted his safety by flight.
【왕상1:50 JFB】왕상1:50-53. Adonijah, Fleeing to the Horns of the Altar, Is Dismissed by Solomon.
50-53. Adonijah … went, and caught hold on the horns of the altar—most probably the altar of burnt offering which had been erected on Mount Zion, where Abiathar, one of his partisans, presided as high priest. The horns or projections at the four corners of the altar, to which the sacrifices were bound, and which were tipped with the blood of the victim, were symbols of grace and salvation to the sinner. Hence the altar was regarded as a sanctuary (출21:14), but not to murderers, rebels, or deliberate perpetrators. Adonijah, having acted in opposition to the will of the reigning king, was guilty of rebellion, and stood self-condemned. Solomon spared his life on the express condition of his good behavior—living in strict privacy, leading a quiet, peaceable life, and meddling with the affairs of neither the court nor the kingdom.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.