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■ 에스더 2장
1. 그 후에 아하수에로 왕의 노가 그치매 와스디와 그의 행한 일과 그에 대하여 내린 조서를 생각하거늘
After these things , when the wrath of king Ahasuerus was appeased , he remembered Vashti , and what she had done , and what was decreed against her.
2. 왕의 시신이 아뢰되 왕은 왕을 위하어 아리따운 처녀들을 구하게 하시되
Then said the king’s servants that ministered unto him, Let there be fair young virgins sought for the king :
3. 전국 각 도에 관리를 명령하여 아리따운 처녀를 다 도성 수산으로 모아 후궁으로 들여 궁녀를 주관하는 내시 헤개의 손에 붙여 그 몸을 정결케 하는 물품을 주게 하시고
And let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom , that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the palace , to the house of the women , unto the custody of Hege the king’s chamberlain , keeper of the women ; and let their things for purification be given them:
4. 왕의 눈에 아름다운 처녀로 와스디를 대신하여 왕후를 삼으소서 왕이 그 말을 선히 여겨 그대로 행하니라
And let the maiden which pleaseth the king be queen instead of Vashti . And the thing pleased the king ; and he did so .
5. 도성 수산에 한 유다인이 있으니 이름은 모르드개라 저는 베냐민 자손이니 기스의 증손이요 시므이의 소자요 야일의 아들이라
Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew , whose name was Mordecai , the son of Jair , the son of Shimei , the son of Kish , a Benjamite ;
6. 전에 바벨론 왕 느부갓네살이 예루살렘에서 유다 왕 여고냐와 백성을 사로잡아 갈 때에 모르드개도 함께 사로잡혔더라
Who had been carried away from Jerusalem with the captivity which had been carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah , whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away .
7. 저의 삼촌의 딸 하닷사 곧 에스더는 부모가 없고 용모가 곱고 아리따운 처녀라 그 부모가 죽은 후에 모르드개가 자기 딸 같이 양육하더라
And he brought up Hadassah , that is, Esther , his uncle’s daughter : for she had neither father nor mother , and the maid was fair and beautiful ; whom Mordecai , when her father and mother were dead , took for his own daughter .
8. 왕의 조명이 반포되매 처녀들이 도성 수산에 많이 모여 헤개의 수하에 나아갈 때에 에스더도 왕궁으로 이끌려 가서 궁녀를 주관하는 헤개의 수하에 속하니
So it came to pass, when the king’s commandment and his decree was heard , and when many maidens were gathered together unto Shushan the palace , to the custody of Hegai , that Esther was brought also unto the king’s house , to the custody of Hegai , keeper of the women .
9. 헤개가 이 처녀를 기뻐하여 은혜를 베풀어 몸을 정결케 할 물품과 일용품을 곧 주며 또 왕궁에서 의례히 주는 일곱 궁녀를 주고 에스더와 그 궁녀들을 후궁 아름다운 처소로 옮기더라
And the maiden pleased him, and she obtained kindness of him ; and he speedily gave her her things for purification , with such things as belonged to her, and seven maidens , which were meet to be given her, out of the king’s house : and he preferred her and her maids unto the best place of the house of the women .
10. 에스더가 자기의 민족과 종족을 고하지 아니하니 이는 모르드개가 명하여 고하지 말라 하였음이라
Esther had not shewed her people nor her kindred : for Mordecai had charged her that she should not shew it.
11. 모르드개가 날마다 후궁 뜰 앞으로 왕래하며 에스더의 안부와 어떻게 될 것을 알고자 하더라
And Mordecai walked every day before the court of the women’s house , to know how Esther did , and what should become of her.
12. 처녀마다 차례대로 아하수에로 왕에게 나아가기 전에 여자에 대하여 정한 규례대로 열두 달 동안을 행하되 여섯 달은 몰약 기름을 쓰고 여섯 달은 향품과 여자에게 쓰는 다른 물품을 써서 몸을 정결케 하는 기한을 마치며
Now when every maid’s turn was come to go in to king Ahasuerus , after that she had been twelve months , according to the manner of the women , (for so were the days of their purifications accomplished , to wit, six months with oil of myrrh , and six months with sweet odours , and with other things for the purifying of the women ;)
13. 처녀가 왕에게 나아갈 때에는 그 구하는 것을 다 주어 후궁에서 왕궁으로 가지고 가게 하고
Then thus came every maiden unto the king ; whatsoever she desired was given her to go with her out of the house of the women unto the king’s house .
14. 저녁이면 갔다가 아침에는 둘째 후궁으로 돌아와서 비빈을 주관하는 내시 사아스가스의 수하에 속하고 왕이 저를 기뻐하여 그 이름을 부르지 아니하면 다시 왕에게 나아가지 못하더라
In the evening she went , and on the morrow she returned into the second house of the women , to the custody of Shaashgaz , the king’s chamberlain , which kept the concubines : she came in unto the king no more, except the king delighted in her, and that she were called by name .
15. 모르드개의 삼촌 아비하일의 딸 곧 모르드개가 자기의 딸 같이 양육하는 에스더가 차례대로 왕에게 나아갈 때에 궁녀를 주관하는 내시 헤개의 정한 것 외에는 다른 것을 구하지 아니하였으나 모든 보는 자에게 굄을 얻더라
Now when the turn of Esther , the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai , who had taken her for his daughter , was come to go in unto the king , she required nothing but what Hegai the king’s chamberlain , the keeper of the women , appointed . And Esther obtained favour in the sight of all them that looked upon her.
16. 아하수에로 왕의 칠년 시월 곧 데벳월에 에스더가 이끌려 왕궁에 들어가서 왕의 앞에 나아가니
So Esther was taken unto king Ahasuerus into his house royal in the tenth month , which is the month Tebeth , in the seventh year of his reign .
17. 왕이 모든 여자보다 에스더를 더욱 사랑하므로 저가 모든 처녀보다 왕의 앞에 더욱 은총을 얻은지라 왕이 그 머리에 면류관을 씌우고 와스디를 대신하여 왕후를 삼은 후에
And the king loved Esther above all the women , and she obtained grace and favour in his sight more than all the virgins ; so that he set the royal crown upon her head , and made her queen instead of Vashti .
18. 왕이 크게 잔치를 베푸니 이는 에스더를 위한 잔치라 모든 방백과 신복을 향응하고 또 각 도의 세금을 면제하고 왕의 풍부함을 따라 크게 상 주니라
Then the king made a great feast unto all his princes and his servants , even Esther’s feast ; and he made a release to the provinces , and gave gifts , according to the state of the king .
19. 처녀들을 다시 모을 때에는 모르드개가 대궐 문에 앉았더라
And when the virgins were gathered together the second time , then Mordecai sat in the king’s gate .
20. 에스더가 모르드개의 명한 대로 그 종족과 민족을 고하지 아니하니 저가 모르드개의 명을 양육 받을 때와 같이 좇음이더라
Esther had not yet shewed her kindred nor her people ; as Mordecai had charged her: for Esther did the commandment of Mordecai , like as when she was brought up with him.
21. 모르드개가 대궐 문에 앉았을 때에 문 지킨 왕의 내시 빅단과 데레스 두 사람이 아하수에로 왕을 원한하여 모살하려 하거늘
In those days , while Mordecai sat in the king’s gate , two of the king’s chamberlains , Bigthan and Teresh , of those which kept the door , were wroth , and sought to lay hand on the king Ahasuerus .
22. 모르드개가 알고 왕후 에스더에게 고하니 에스더가 모르드개의 이름으로 왕에게 고한지라
And the thing was known to Mordecai , who told it unto Esther the queen ; and Esther certified the king thereof in Mordecai’s name .
23. 사실하여 실정을 얻었으므로 두 사람을 나무에 달고 그 일을 왕의 앞에서 궁중 일기에 기록하니라
And when inquisition was made of the matter , it was found out ; therefore they were both hanged on a tree : and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king .
■ 주석 보기
【에2:1 JFB】에2:1-20. Esther Chosen to Be Queen.
1-3. After these things, when the wrath of king Ahasuerus was appeased—On recovering from the violent excitement of his revelry and rage, the king was pierced with poignant regret for the unmerited treatment he had given to his beautiful and dignified queen. But, according to the law, which made the word of a Persian king irrevocable, she could not be restored. His counsellors, for their own sake, were solicitous to remove his disquietude, and hastened to recommend the adoption of all suitable means for gratifying their royal master with another consort of equal or superior attractions to those of his divorced queen. In the despotic countries of the East the custom obtains that when an order is sent to a family for a young damsel to repair to the royal palace, the parents, however unwilling, dare not refuse the honor for their daughter; and although they know that when she is once in the royal harem, they will never see her again, they are obliged to yield a silent and passive compliance. On the occasion referred to, a general search was commanded to be made for the greatest beauties throughout the empire, in the hope that, from their ranks, the disconsolate monarch might select one for the honor of succeeding to the royal honors of Vashti. The damsels, on arrival at the palace, were placed under the custody of "Hege, the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women," that is, the chief eunuch, usually a repulsive old man, on whom the court ladies are very dependent, and whose favor they are always desirous to secure.
【에2:1 CWC】[THE JEWS IMPERILLED]
The events of this book belong chronologically after Zerubbabel's company have gone up to Jerusalem, and before the commissions of Ezra and Nehemiah. The scene is laid in Persia. Cyrus and Darius I have passed away, and Ahasuerus, son of the last named, and identified by some with Xerxes, and by others with Darius Hystaspes, is on the throne. He is a sensual, fickle, cruel despot. It was his great fleet that was defeated by the much smaller one of Greece at Salamis, about 480 B. C. He is mentioned in 스4:6. He was succeeded by his son Artaxerxes, who figures in the later chapters of Ezra and Nehemiah.
The story of the book is well known, and may be divided as follows:
Queen Vashti's Fall, 1:1-22.
Esther's Exaltation, 2:1-23.
Haman's Conspiracy, 3:1-15.
Esther's Intervention, 4:1-7:10.
Haman's Judgment, 8:1-9:19.
The Commemorative Feast, 9:20-32.
The Epilog, 10:1-3.
1. Queen Vashti's Fall, c. 1:1-22.
Some think this feast (v. 3) was the occasion when the great campaign against Greece was determined upon. If a half-year seems long (v. 4), perhaps the time was extended to allow the different nobles and princes to "make their appearance at the court successively." The climax was the "garden party" of a week (vv. 5-7), although it should be understood that only men were present (v. 9). Verse eight seems to mean that in contrast with the customary excessive drinking, any were free to remain sober if they would. "Knew the times" (v. 13) is equivalent to "Skilled in the law."
2. Esther Exalted, c. 2:1-23.
When sober, the king rued his action (v. 1), but had he changed his mind and restored Vashti, the consequences would have been serious to his advisers, hence their present counsel (vv. 2-4). "Things for purification" (v. 3) mean the oils for cleansing and anointing (v. 12). "She required nothing, etc." (v. 15), points to a desire of the virgins on similar occasions to bedeck themselves with ornaments, but Esther acted differently on the chamberlains advice, and with good results (v. 17). Note the expiration of four years between 1:3 and 2:7, which some think was occupied by the expedition against Greece, and for which secular history gives some justification. The incident of verses 21-23 is recorded here to explain that which follows later.
3. Haman's Conspiracy, c. 3:1-15.
The casting of the lot (Hebrew "Pur", v. 7), was for the purpose of selecting the most propitious day for the murderous undertaking Haman had in mind. While in western nations such an idea as in verses six and nine would never occur to a revengeful man, it was different in the East. Massacres of a race, or a class, have at all times been among the incidents of history there. A great massacre of the Magi occurred only about fifty years before this, and a massacre of the Scythians fifty years before that again. The 10,000 talents (v. 9), or as some calculate it $12,500,000 of our money, was to be obtained by the confiscation of the Jews' property.
4. Esther's Intervention, c. 4:1-7:10.
It would appear by a comparison of verses 12 and 13 of the preceding chapter, that the Jews were for a whole year harassed because of their impending fate. This explains the opening verses of the present chapter (4:1-3). Observe Mordecai's reliance on the promises of God concerning Israel (v. 14). They can not all be destroyed. God would not permit it, for it would defeat His purpose concerning the Messiah, the Redeemer of the world, and all else that was included in that purpose. Esther's request to fast is a call to repentance and a request for prayer (compare 왕상21:27-29, 욜1:14, and 욘3:5). Her boldness is seen in the following: She proposed to go to the king without being called; to make request for the change of a law which, according to Persian custom, could not be done; to reveal herself as a Jew; to place herself in opposition to the all-powerful favorite, Haman.
Rawlinson says the usual situation of the throne in the throne-room of an oriental palace, is one from which the monarch can see into the court through the doorway opposite to him (v. 1). Esther's tactful delay in making known her request (vv. 7, 8), was doubtless to further impress the king, or possibly to evolve her plan, which may not yet have been clear in her own mind.
God's hand is seen clearly in 6:1, which, compare with 2:23. The dramatic incidents of the chapter tell their own story as they swiftly pass before us. In 7:3, Esther's words are to be understood as offering her own life in the place of the people. The loss of the people would be a great damage to the king (v. 4). In the East at banquets they recline on couches (v. 8).
【에2:1 MHCC】We see to what absurd practices those came, who were destitute of Divine revelation, and what need there was of the gospel of Christ, to purify men from the lusts of the flesh, and to bring them back to the original institution of marriage. Esther was preferred as queen. Those who suggest that Esther committed sin to come at this dignity, do not consider the custom of those times and countries. Every one that the king took was married to him, and was his wife, though of a lower rank. But how low is human nature sunk, when such as these are the leading pursuits and highest worldly happiness of men! Disappointment and vexation must follow; and he most wisely consults his enjoyment, even in this present life, who most exactly obeys the precepts of the Divine law. But let us turn to consider the wise and merciful providence of God, carrying on his deep but holy designs in the midst of all this. And let no change in our condition be a pretext for forgetting our duties to parents, or the friends who have stood in their place.
【에2:5 JFB】5. Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew—Mordecai held some office about the court. But his "sitting at the king's gate" (에2:21) does not necessarily imply that he was in the humble condition of a porter; for, according to an institute of Cyrus, all state officers were required to wait in the outer courts till they were summoned into the presence chamber. He might, therefore, have been a person of some official dignity. This man had an orphan cousin, born during the exile, under his care, who being distinguished by great personal beauty, was one of the young damsels taken into the royal harem on this occasion. She had the good fortune at once to gain the good will of the chief eunuch [에2:9]. Her sweet and amiable appearance made her a favorite with all who looked upon her (에2:15, last clause). Her Hebrew name (에2:7) was Hadassah, that is, "myrtle," which, on her introduction into the royal harem, was changed to Esther, that is, the star Venus, indicating beauty and good fortune [Gesenius].
【에2:11 JFB】11. Mordecai walked every day before the court of the women's house—The harem is an inviolable sanctuary, and what is transacted within its walls is as much a secret to those without as if they were thousands of miles away. But hints were given him through the eunuchs.
【에2:12 JFB】12. Now when every maid's turn was come to go in to king Ahasuerus—A whole year was spent in preparation for the intended honor. Considering that this took place in a palace, the long period prescribed, together with the profusion of costly and fragrant cosmetics employed, was probably required by state etiquette.
【에2:17 JFB】17. the king loved Esther above all the women—The choice fell on Esther, who found favor in the eyes of Ahasuerus. He elevated her to the dignity of chief wife, or queen. The other competitors had apartments assigned them in the royal harem, and were retained in the rank of secondary wives, of whom Oriental princes have a great number.
he set the royal crown upon her head—This consisted only of a purple ribbon, streaked with white, bound round the forehead. The nuptials were celebrated by a magnificent entertainment, and, in honor of the auspicious occasion, "he made a release to the provinces, and gave gifts, according to the state of the king." The dotation of Persian queens consisted in consigning to them the revenue of certain cities, in various parts of the kingdom, for defraying their personal and domestic expenditure. Some of these imposts the king remitted or lessened at this time.
【에2:21 JFB】에2:21-23. Mordecai, Discovering a Treason, Is Recorded in the Chronicles.
21. In those days … two of the king's chamberlains … were wroth and sought to lay hand on the king, &c.—This secret conspiracy against the king's life probably arose out of revenge for the divorce of Vashti, in whose interest, and at whose instigation, these eunuchs may have acted. Through the vigilance of Mordecai, whose fidelity, however, passed unnoticed, the design was frustrated, while the conspirators were condemned to be executed and as the matter was recorded in the court annals, it became the occasion afterwards of Mordecai's preferment to the place of power and influence for which, in furtherance of the national interests of the Jews, divine providence intended him.
【에2:21 MHCC】Good subjects must not conceal any bad design they know of against the prince, or the public peace. Mordecai was not rewarded at the time, but a remembrance was written. Thus, with respect to those who serve Christ, though their recompence is not till the resurrection of the just, yet an account is kept of their work of faith and labour of love, which God is not unrighteous to forget. The servant of God must be faithful to every trust, and watchful for those who employ him. If he appear to be neglected now, he will be remembered hereafter. None of our actions can be forgotten; even our most secret thoughts are written in lasting registers, 계20:12.
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