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■ 아모스 6장
1. 화 있을진저 시온에서 안일한 자와 사마리아 산에서 마음이 든든한 자 곧 열국 중 우승하여 유명하므로 이스라엘 족속이 따르는 자들이여
Woe to them that are at ease in Zion , and trust in the mountain of Samaria , which are named chief of the nations , to whom the house of Israel came !
2. 너희는 갈레에 건너가고 거기서 대 하맛으로 가고 또 블레셋 사람의 가드로 내려가 보라 그곳들이 이 나라들보다 나으냐 그 토지가 너희 토지보다 넓으냐
Pass ye unto Calneh , and see ; and from thence go ye to Hamath the great : then go down to Gath of the Philistines : be they better than these kingdoms ? or their border greater than your border ?
3. 너희는 흉한 날이 멀다 하여 강포한 자리로 가까워지게 하고
Ye that put far away the evil day , and cause the seat of violence to come near ;
4. 상아 상에 누우며 침상에서 기지개 켜며 양떼에서 어린 양과 우리에서 송아지를 취하여 먹고
That lie upon beds of ivory , and stretch themselves upon their couches , and eat the lambs out of the flock , and the calves out of the midst of the stall ;
5. 비파에 맞추어 헛된 노래를 지절거리며 다윗처럼 자기를 위하여 악기를 제조하며
That chant to the sound of the viol , and invent to themselves instruments of musick , like David ;
6. 대접으로 포도주를 마시며 귀한 기름을 몸에 바르면서 요셉의 환난을 인하여는 근심치 아니하는 자로다
That drink wine in bowls , and anoint themselves with the chief ointments : but they are not grieved for the affliction of Joseph .
7. 그러므로 저희가 이제는 사로잡히는 자 중에 앞서 사로잡히리니 기지개 켜는 자의 떠드는 소리가 그치리라
Therefore now shall they go captive with the first that go captive , and the banquet of them that stretched themselves shall be removed .
8. 만군의 하나님 여호와께서 가라사대 주 여호와가 자기를 가리켜 맹세하였노라 내가 야곱의 영광을 싫어하며 그 궁궐들을 미워하므로 이 성읍과 거기 가득한 것을 대적에게 붙이리라 하셨느니라
The Lord God hath sworn by himself , saith the Lord the God of hosts , I abhor the excellency of Jacob , and hate his palaces : therefore will I deliver up the city with all that is therein .
9. 한 집에 열 사람이 남는다 하여도 다 죽을 것이라
And it shall come to pass, if there remain ten men in one house , that they shall die .
10. 죽은 사람의 친척 곧 그 시체를 불사를 자가 그 뼈를 집 밖으로 가져갈 때에 그 집 내실에 있는 자에게 묻기를 아직 너와 함께한 자가 있느냐 하여 대답하기를 아주 없다 하면 저가 또 말하기를 잠잠하라 우리가 여호와의 이름을 일컫지 못할 것이라 하리라
And a man’s uncle shall take him up , and he that burneth him, to bring out the bones out of the house , and shall say unto him that is by the sides of the house , Is there yet any with thee? and he shall say , No . Then shall he say , Hold thy tongue : for we may not make mention of the name of the Lord .
11. 보라 여호와께서 명하시므로 큰 집이 침을 받아 갈라지며 작은 집이 침을 받아 터지리라
For, behold, the Lord commandeth , and he will smite the great house with breaches , and the little house with clefts .
12. 말들이 어찌 바위 위에서 달리겠으며 소가 어찌 거기 밭 갈겠느냐 그런데 너희는 공법을 쓸개로 변하며 정의의 열매를 인진으로 변하여
Shall horses run upon the rock ? will one plow there with oxen ? for ye have turned judgment into gall , and the fruit of righteousness into hemlock :
13. 허무한 것을 기뻐하며 이르기를 우리의 뿔은 우리 힘으로 취하지 아니하였느냐 하는 자로다
Ye which rejoice in a thing of nought , which say , Have we not taken to us horns by our own strength ?
14. 만군의 하나님 여호와께서 가라사대 이스라엘 족속아 내가 한 나라를 일으켜 너희를 치리니 저희가 하맛 어귀에서부터 아라바 시내까지 너희를 학대하리라 하셨느니라
But, behold, I will raise up against you a nation , O house of Israel , saith the Lord the God of hosts ; and they shall afflict you from the entering in of Hemath unto the river of the wilderness .
■ 주석 보기
【암6:1 JFB】암6:1-14. Denunciation of Both the Sister Nations (Especially Their Nobles) For Wanton Security—Zion, as Well as Samaria: Threat of the Exile: Ruin of Their Palaces and Slaughter of the People: Their Perverse Injustice.
1. named chief of the nations—that is, you nobles, so eminent in influence, that your names are celebrated among the chief nations [Ludovicus De Dieu]. Hebrew, "Men designated by name among the first-fruits of the nations," that is, men of note in Israel, the people chosen by God as first of the nations (출19:5; compare 민24:20) [Piscator].
to whom … Israel came—that is, the princes to whom the Israelites used to repair for the decision of controversies, recognizing their authority [Maurer]. I prefer to refer "which" to the antecedent "Zion" and "Samaria"; these were esteemed "chief" strongholds among the heathen nations "to whom … Israel came" when it entered Canaan; 암6:2 accords with this.
【암6:1 CWC】It will be seen from the opening verse that Amos, like Hosea, was a prophet sent to Israel, though his home, Tekoa, was in Judah. He was contemporary with Hosea for a while, though the latter prophesied longer than he.
After the introduction (1:1-3) there follows a series of messages concerning Gentile nations (1:4-2:3), each beginning with the words "For three transgressions . . . and for four, I will not turn away the punishment," an orientalism, meaning that it was not for three or four transgressions merely, but an innumerable number, that the judgments predicted were to fall.
These messages are succeeded by one to Judah (2:4, 5) while the remainder of the book is concerned with Israel.
The messages of Amos are more orderly than Hosea, and admit of homiletic divisions like the following: The first, beginning at chapter 2, verse 6, and concluding with the chapter, contains, (1), an indictment for sin (6-8), aggravated by the divine goodness toward them (9-12); and (2), a declaration of the judgment to follow (13-15). This sin is greed (6), lust (7) and oppression (8). The marginal references frequently give the meaning of expressions in the prophets. Compare 출22:26 with verse 8 for example, and 렘11:21 with verse 12.
God will press them as a cart full of sheaves presseth the ground (2:13, R. v.). In other words none shall escape the Assyrian hosts when they come down against them (14-16).
The second discourse is limited to the third chapter, and contains, after the introduction, verses 1 and 2, (1), the prophet's justification of his message (3-8); (2) an indictment for sin (9, 10); (3), a declaration of punishment (11-15).
When God says, "You only have I known," etc., (2), He means what is expressed in 신7:6, Psalm 147: 19, 20, and other places. Israel's punishment is proportioned to her privilege, Amos prophesied because he could not do otherwise, is practically the interpretation of verses 3-8. As two do not walk together except they are agreed, or have made an appointment; as a lion does not roar when it has no prey, etc, so the fact that Amos prophecies is an evidence that Jehovah hath spoken to him (8).
Notice the suggestion of the preservation of a faithful remnant in the "two legs" or "piece of an ear" of a sheep taken out of the mouth of the lion (12).
Messages of this character continue till the seventh chapter when a series of visions begins.
In the first vision (1-3), Jehovah is withholding the coming judgment at the prophet's intercession, and the same is true of the second (4-6), but not of the rest (7-9; 8:1-3; 9:1-10).
And yet notice the conclusion of the last message growing out of the vision of the Lord beside the altar (9:8, 9). He will not "utterly destroy." He will sift Israel "among all nations" as He has been doing all these centuries, but only the chaff will be destroyed.
This thought is amplified m the epilogue of the book (9:11-15), where the prophet definitely reveals the history of Israel in the latter days: (1) the kingdom is to be restored (11); (2) Israel is to be the head of the nations (12); (3) the land of Palestine is to be greatly increased in fruitfulness (13); (4) the cities are to be rebuilt (14); (5) the blessing is to be perpetual (15).
【암6:1 MHCC】Those are looked upon as doing well for themselves, who do well for their bodies; but we are here told what their ease is, and what their woe is. Here is a description of the pride, security, and sensuality, for which God would reckon. Careless sinners are every where in danger; but those at ease in Zion, who are stupid, vainly confident, and abusing their privileges, are in the greatest danger. Yet many fancy themselves the people of God, who are living in sin, and in conformity to the world. But the examples of others' ruin forbid us to be secure. Those who are set upon their pleasures are commonly careless of the troubles of others, but this is great offence to God. Those who placed their happiness in the pleasures of sense, and set their hearts upon them, shall be deprived of those pleasures. Those who try to put the evil day far from them, find it nearest to them.
【암6:2 JFB】2. Calneh—on the east bank of the Tigris. Once powerful, but recently subjugated by Assyria (사10:9; about 794 B.C.).
Hameth—subjugated by Jeroboam II (왕하14:25). Also by Assyria subsequently (왕하18:34). Compare 암6:14.
Gath—subjugated by Uzziah (대하26:6).
be they better—no. Their so recent subjugation renders it needless for Me to tell you they are not. And yet they once were; still they could not defend themselves against the enemy. How vain, then, your secure confidence in the strength of Mounts Zion and Samaria! He takes cities respectively east, north, south, and west of Israel (compare 나3:8).
【암6:3 JFB】3. Ye persuade yourselves that "the evil day" foretold by the prophets is "far off," though they declare it near (겔12:22, 27). Ye in your imagination put it far off, and therefore bring near violent oppression, suffering it to sit enthroned, as it were, among you (시94:20). The notion of judgment being far off has always been an incentive to the sinner's recklessness of living (전8:12, 13; 마24:48). Yet that very recklessness brings near the evil day which he puts far off. "Ye bring on fever by your intemperance, and yet would put it far off" [Calvin].
【암6:4 JFB】4. (See 암2:8).
beds of ivory—that is, adorned, or inlaid, with ivory (암3:15).
stretch themselves—in luxurious self-indulgence.
lambs out of the flock—picked out as the choicest, for their owners' selfish gratification.
【암6:5 JFB】5. chant—literally, "mark distinct sounds and tones."
viol—the lyre, or lute.
invent … instruments … like David—They fancy they equal David in musical skill (대상23:5; 느12:36). They defend their luxurious passion for music by his example: forgetting that he pursued this study when at peace and free from danger, and that for the praise of God; but they pursue for their own self-gratification, and that when God is angry and ruin is imminent.
【암6:6 JFB】6. drink … in bowls—in the large vessels or basins in which wine was mixed; not satisfied with the smaller cups from which it was ordinarily drunk, after having been poured from the large mixer.
chief ointments—that is, the most costly: not for health or cleanliness, but wanton luxury.
not grieved for the affliction of Joseph—literally, "the breach," that is, the national wound or calamity (시60:2; 겔34:4) of the house of Joseph (암5:6); resembling in this the heartlessness of their forefathers, the sons of Jacob, towards Joseph, "eating bread" while their brother lay in the pit, and then selling him to Ishmaelites.
【암6:7 JFB】7. Therefore … shall they go captive with the first—As they were first among the people in rank (암6:1), and anointed themselves "with the chief ointments" (암6:6), so shall they be among the foremost in going into captivity.
banquet—literally, the "merry-making shout of revellers"; from an Arabic root, "to cry out." In the Hebrew, marzeach; here, there is an allusion to mizraqu, "bowls" (암6:6).
them that stretched themselves—on luxurious couches (암6:4).
【암6:8 JFB】8. the excellency of Jacob—(시47:4). The sanctuary which was the great glory of the covenant-people [Vatablus], (겔24:21). The priesthood, and kingdom, and dignity, conferred on them by God. These, saith God, are of no account in My eyes towards averting punishment [Calvin].
hate his palaces—as being the storehouses of "robbery" (암3:10, 15). How sad a change from God's love of Zion's gates (시87:2) and palaces (시48:3, 13), owing to the people's sin!
the city—collectively: both Zion and Samaria (암6:1).
all that is therein—literally, "its fulness"; the multitude of men and of riches in it (compare 시24:1).
【암6:8 MHCC】How dreadful, how miserable, is the case of those whose eternal ruin the Lord himself has sworn; for he can execute his purpose, and none can alter it! Those hearts are wretchedly hardened that will not be brought to mention God's name, and to worship him, when the hand of God is gone out against them, when sickness and death are in their families. Those that will not be tilled as fields, shall be abandoned as rocks. When our services of God are soured with sin, his providences will justly be made bitter to us. Men should take warning not to harden their hearts, for those who walk in pride, God will destroy.
【암6:9 JFB】9. If as many as ten (레26:26; Z전8:23) remain in a house (a rare case, and only in the scattered villages, as there will be scarcely a house in which the enemy will leave any), they shall all, to a man, die of the plague, a frequent concomitant of war in the East (렘24:10; 44:13; 겔6:11).
【암6:10 JFB】10. a man's uncle—The nearest relatives had the duty of burying the dead (창25:9; 35:29; 유16:31). No nearer relative was left of this man than an uncle.
and he that burneth him—the uncle, who is also at the same time the one that burneth him (one of the "ten," 암6:9). Burial was the usual Hebrew mode of disposing of their dead. But in cases of necessity, as when the men of Jabesh-gilead took the bodies of Saul and his three sons from the walls of Beth-shan and burned them to save them from being insulted by the Philistines, burning was practised. So in this case, to prevent contagion.
the bones—that is, the dead body (창50:25). Perhaps here there is an allusion in the phrase to the emaciated condition of the body, which was little else but skin and bones.
say unto him that is by the sides of the house—that is, to the only one left of the ten in the interior of the house [Maurer] (compare Note, see on 사14:13).
Hold thy tongue … we may not … mention … the Lord—After receiving the reply, that none is left besides the one addressed, when the man outside fancies the man still surviving inside to be on the point, as was customary, of expressing devout gratitude to God who spared him, the man outside interrupts him, "Hold thy tongue! for there is not now cause for mentioning with praise (수23:7) the name of Jehovah"; for thou also must die; as all the ten are to die to the last man (암6:9; compare 암8:3). Formerly ye boasted in the name of Jehovah, as if ye were His peculiar people; now ye shall be silent and shudder at His name, as hostile to you, and as one from whom ye wish to be hidden (계6:16), [Calvin].
【암6:11 JFB】11. commandeth, and he will smite—His word of command, when once given, cannot but be fulfilled (사55:11). His mere word is enough to smite with destruction.
great house … little house—He will spare none, great or small (암3:15). Jerome interprets "the great house" as Israel, and "the small house" as Judah: the former being reduced to branches or ruins, literally, "small drops"; the latter, though injured with "clefts" or rents, which threaten its fall, yet still permitted to stand.
【암6:12 JFB】12. In turning "judgment (justice) into gall (poison), and … righteousness into hemlock" (or wormwood, bitter and noxious), ye act as perversely as if one were to make "horses run upon the rock" or to "plough with oxen there" [Maurer]. As horses and oxen are useless on a rock, so ye are incapable of fulfilling justice [Grotius]. Ye impede the course of God's benefits, because ye are as it were a hard rock on which His favor cannot run. "Those that will not be tilled as fields, shall be abandoned as rocks" [Calvin].
【암6:13 JFB】13. rejoice in a thing of naught—that is, in your vain and fleeting riches.
Have we not taken to us horns—that is, acquired power, so as to conquer our neighbors (왕하14:25). Horns are the Hebrew symbol of power, being the instrument of strength in many animals (시75:10).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.