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■ 신명기 8장
1. 내가 오늘날 명하는 모든 명령을 너희는 지켜 행하라 그리하면 너희가 살고 번성하고 여호와께서 너희의 열조에게 맹세하신 땅에 들어가서 그것을 얻으리라
All the commandments which I command thee this day shall ye observe to do , that ye may live , and multiply , and go in and possess the land which the Lord sware unto your fathers .
2. 네 하나님 여호와께서 이 사십 년 동안에 너로 광야의 길을 걷게 하신 것을 기억하라 이는 너를 낮추시며 너를 시험하사 네 마음이 어떠한지 그 명령을 지키는지 아니 지키는지 알려 하심이라
And thou shalt remember all the way which the Lord thy God led thee these forty years in the wilderness , to humble thee, and to prove thee, to know what was in thine heart , whether thou wouldest keep his commandments , or no.
3. 너를 낮추시며 너로 주리게 하시며 또 너도 알지 못하며 네 열조도 알지 못하던 만나를 네게 먹이신 것은 사람이 떡으로만 사는 것이 아니요 여호와의 입에서 나오는 모든 말씀으로 사는 줄을 너로 알게 하려 하심이니라
And he humbled thee, and suffered thee to hunger , and fed thee with manna , which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know ; that he might make thee know that man doth not live by bread only , but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of the Lord doth man live .
4. 이 사십 년 동안에 네 의복이 해어지지 아니하였고 네 발이 부릍지 아니하였느니라
Thy raiment waxed not old upon thee, neither did thy foot swell , these forty years .
5. 너는 사람이 그 아들을 징계함 같이 네 하나님 여호와께서 너를 징계하시는 줄 마음에 생각하고
Thou shalt also consider in thine heart , that, as a man chasteneth his son , so the Lord thy God chasteneth thee.
6. 네 하나님 여호와의 명령을 지켜 그 도를 행하며 그를 경외할지니라
Therefore thou shalt keep the commandments of the Lord thy God , to walk in his ways , and to fear him.
7. 네 하나님 여호와께서 너를 아름다운 땅에 이르게 하시나니 그곳은 골짜기에든지 산지에든지 시내와 분천과 샘이 흐르고
For the Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land , a land of brooks of water , of fountains and depths that spring out of valleys and hills ;
8. 밀과 보리의 소산지요 포도와 무화과와 석류와 감람들의 나무와 꿀의 소산지라
A land of wheat , and barley , and vines , and fig trees , and pomegranates ; a land of oil olive , and honey ;
9. 너의 먹는 식물의 결핍함이 없고 네게 아무 부족함이 없는 땅이며 그 땅의 돌은 철이요 산에서는 동을 캘 것이라
A land wherein thou shalt eat bread without scarceness , thou shalt not lack any thing in it; a land whose stones are iron , and out of whose hills thou mayest dig brass .
10. 네가 먹어서 배불리고 네 하나님 여호와께서 옥토로 네게 주셨음을 인하여 그를 찬송하리라
When thou hast eaten and art full , then thou shalt bless the Lord thy God for the good land which he hath given thee.
11. 내가 오늘날 네게 명하는 여호와의 명령과 법도와 규례를 지키지 아니하고 네 하나님 여호와를 잊어버리게 되지 않도록 삼갈지어다
Beware that thou forget not the Lord thy God , in not keeping his commandments , and his judgments , and his statutes , which I command thee this day :
12. 네가 먹어서 배불리고 아름다운 집을 짓고 거하게 되며
Lest when thou hast eaten and art full , and hast built goodly houses , and dwelt therein;
13. 또 네 우양이 번성하며 네 은금이 증식되며 네 소유가 다 풍부하게 될 때에
And when thy herds and thy flocks multiply , and thy silver and thy gold is multiplied , and all that thou hast is multiplied ;
14. 두렵건대 네 마음이 교만하여 네 하나님 여호와를 잊어버릴까 하노라 여호와는 너를 애굽 땅 종 되었던 집에서 이끌어 내시고
Then thine heart be lifted up , and thou forget the Lord thy God , which brought thee forth out of the land of Egypt , from the house of bondage ;
15. 너를 인도하여 그 광대하고 위험한 광야 곧 불뱀과 전갈이 있고 물이 없는 간조한 땅을 지나게 하셨으며 또 너를 위하여 물을 굳은 반석에서 내셨으며
Who led thee through that great and terrible wilderness , wherein were fiery serpents , and scorpions , and drought , where there was no water ; who brought thee forth water out of the rock of flint ;
16. 네 열조도 알지 못하던 만나를 광야에서 네게 먹이셨나니 이는 다 너를 낮추시며 너를 시험하사 마침내 네게 복을 주려 하심이었느니라
Who fed thee in the wilderness with manna , which thy fathers knew not, that he might humble thee, and that he might prove thee, to do thee good at thy latter end ;
17. 또 두렵건대 네가 마음에 이르기를 내 능과 내 손의 힘으로 내가 이 재물을 얻었다 할까 하노라
And thou say in thine heart , My power and the might of mine hand hath gotten me this wealth .
18. 네 하나님 여호와를 기억하라 그가 네게 재물 얻을 능을 주셨음이라 이같이 하심은 네 열조에게 맹세하신 언약을 오늘과 같이 이루려 하심이니라
But thou shalt remember the Lord thy God : for it is he that giveth thee power to get wealth , that he may establish his covenant which he sware unto thy fathers , as it is this day .
19. 네가 만일 네 하나님 여호와를 잊어버리고 다른 신들을 좇아 그들을 섬기며 그들에게 절하면 내가 너희에게 증거하노니 너희가 정녕히 멸망할 것이라
And it shall be, if thou do at all forget the Lord thy God , and walk after other gods , and serve them, and worship them, I testify against you this day that ye shall surely perish .
20. 여호와께서 너희의 앞에서 멸망시키신 민족들 같이 너희도 멸망하리니 이는 너희가 너희 하나님 여호와의 소리를 청종치 아니함이니라
As the nations which the Lord destroyeth before your face , so shall ye perish ; because ye would not be obedient unto the voice of the Lord your God .
■ 주석 보기
【신8:1 JFB】신8:1-20. An Exhortation to Obedience.
1. All the commandments which I command thee this day shall ye observe to do, that ye may live—In all the wise arrangements of our Creator duty has been made inseparably connected with happiness; and the earnest enforcement of the divine law which Moses was making to the Israelites was in order to secure their being a happy (because a moral and religious) people: a course of prosperity is often called "life" (창17:18; 잠3:2).
live, and multiply—This reference to the future increase of their population proves that they were too few to occupy the land fully at first.
【신8:1 CWC】[WARNINGS AND EXHORTATIONS]
1. Obedience, c. 7.
What were the names of the seven nations of Canaan to be cast out for their iniquity (1)? Who would cast them out, and in what manner is the supernatural character of the act emphasized? Nevertheless, what illustrates the divine use of means (2)? What command is laid on the Israelites in the premises (2, 3)? And why (4)? To what extent should their zeal be exhibited, and why (5, 6)? What shows the choice of Israel to be of grace and not debt (7, 8)?
What shows the blessing of Israel to be grounded on obedience (9-12)? How is the temporal and material character of the blessing illustrated (13-15)? How are the people encouraged (17-21)? What shows God's very particular care for them {22, 23)?
2. Gratitude, c. 8.
What shows that Israel was too small a people to occupy the land at first (1)? Notice in the verses following (2, 3), how their experiences in the wilderness were intended to teach obedience as well as impress them with the goodness of God. What miraculous occurrence is noted in verse 4? Compa계29:5.
What attractive features of the land are named (7-9)? All accounts, speak of the natural beauty and fertility of Palestine, and its great capabilities when properly developed. To be among its brooks, and hills and valleys after passing through the desert, can be appreciated by those who have entered California after crossing the plains.
For the plenteousness of the wheat and barley of Palestine see 마13:8; but these products of the northern regions were equalled by the fruits of the south. "Honey'' is often used indeterminately to signify a syrup of dates or grapes, which was esteemed a great luxury in the east, "Iron" was found in the mountains of Lebanon. The "brass" was not the alloy brass, but copper ore. Compare 대상22:3; 29:2-7; 사60:17.
After mentioning these instances of God's goodness, what arguments are founder upon them in the closing verses? Note the appropriateness of this chapter to be read on Thanksgiving day, and other national holidays.
3. Humility, cc. 9-11.
Notice the description of the Canaanitish cities in v. 1. They are called "great" because of the space they covered. Unlike our cities, the houses stood far apart, with gardens and fields intervening. They were usually fenced, sometimes as high as forty feet, with burnt or sun-dried bricks. It would not be much to demolish such a wall in our day, but such engineering skill was then unknown. Nevertheless, would any obstacle prevent their taking possession?
Would the victory be theirs, or God's? And would He give it to them on the ground of merit (4)? What would move Him in the premises (4, 5)? How does Moses dissuade the people from any idea of their own righteousness (see the remainder of the chapter)? The plainness of Moses' speech and the submission of the people is a strong evidence of the truth of the history. An impostor would have operated on opposite lines.
What instances of unfaithfulness does Moses name? For answer note vv. 12-21, 22, 23. The reference to his humiliation in the last-named verse does not apply to a third experience of the kind, but is a fuller description of the second named in v. 18.
The Bible Commentary has the following on "the brook that descended out of the mount" (21): "Though the Israelites were supplied with water from this rock when they were stationed at Rephidim (Wady Feiran), there is nothing in the narrative which should lead us to suppose that the rock was in the immediate neighborhood of that place (see on 출17:5, 6). The water of this rock was probably the brook that descended from the mount. The water may have flowed many miles from the rock, as the winter torrents do now through the wadys of Arabia Petraea (시78:15, 16). And the rock may have been smitten at such a height, and at a spot bearing such a relation to the Sinaitic valleys, as to furnish supplies of water during the journey from Horeb by the way of Mount Seir and Kadesh-Barnea (c. 1:1, 2). On this supposition new light is cast on the language of the apostle, when he speaks of 'the rock following' the Israelites (고전10:4)."
The general subject of chapter 9 is extended into chapters 10 and 11.
In chapter 10 note, in verse 4, that it was not Moses who wrote the words on the tables of stone, but God Himself. A professor in one of our universities is quoted as making light of this by inquiring whether God is supposed to have turned stone mason and chiselled these words with His own hand. We can afford to treat such remarks with silence, remembering the words of Scripture that some professing themselves to be wise have become fools (롬1:22).
Note in v. 5, a minute circumstance, the mention of which at the time attests the truth of the record.
Note that vv. 6-9 seem to be inserted out of their place, the explanation of which no one knows. The address of Moses is resumed again at v. 10.
With v. 16 compare 롬2:25, 29 for its New Testament application to the Jew, and 골2:11, to the Christian.
In chapter 11 there is little requiring particular notice. The blessing and the curse (26-32) will be referred to in a later chapter, but just here it may be mentioned that "most signally is the execution of the curse seen in the present sterility of Palestine."
【신8:1 MHCC】Obedience must be, 1. Careful, observe to do; 2. Universal, to do all the commandments; and 3. From a good principle, with a regard to God as the Lord, and their God, and with a holy fear of him. To engage them to this obedience. Moses directs them to look back. It is good to remember all the ways, both of God's providence and grace, by which he has led us through this wilderness, that we may cheerfully serve him and trust in him. They must remember the straits they were sometimes brought into, for mortifying their pride, and manifesting their perverseness; to prove them, that they and others might know all that was in their heart, and that all might see that God chose them, not for any thing in them which might recommend them to his favour. They must remember the miraculous supplies of food and raiment granted them. Let none of God's children distrust their Father, nor take any sinful course for the supply of their necessities. Some way or other, God will provide for them in the way of duty and honest diligence, and verily they shall be fed. It may be applied spiritually; the word of God is the food of the soul. Christ is the word of God; by him we live. They must also remember the rebukes they had been under, and not without need. This use we should make of all our afflictions; by them let us be quickened to our duty. Moses also directs them to look forward to Canaan. Look which way we will, both to look back and to look forward, to Canaan. Look which way we will, both to look back and to look forward will furnish us with arguments for obedience. Moses saw in that land a type of the better country. The gospel church is the New Testament Canaan, watered with the Spirit in his gifts and graces, planted with trees of righteousness, bearing fruits of righteousness. Heaven is the good land, in which nothing is wanting, and where is fulness of joy.
【신8:2 JFB】2, 3. thou shalt remember all the way which the Lord thy God led thee these forty years in the wilderness—The recapitulation of all their checkered experience during that long period was designed to awaken lively impressions of the goodness of God. First, Moses showed them the object of their protracted wanderings and varied hardships. These were trials of their obedience as well as chastisements for sin. Indeed, the discovery of their infidelity, inconstancy, and their rebellions and perverseness which this varied discipline brought to light, was of eminently practical use to the Israelites themselves, as it has been to the church in all subsequent ages. Next, he enlarged on the goodness of God to them, while reduced to the last extremities of despair, in the miraculous provision which, without anxiety or labor, was made for their daily support (see on 출16:4). Possessing no nutritious properties inherent in it, this contributed to their sustenance, as indeed all food does (마4:4) solely through the ordinance and blessing of God. This remark is applicable to the means of spiritual as well as natural life.
【신8:4 JFB】4. Thy raiment waxed not old upon thee, neither did thy foot swell, these forty years—What a striking miracle was this! No doubt the Israelites might have brought from Egypt more clothes than they wore at their outset; they might also have obtained supplies of various articles of food and raiment in barter with the neighboring tribes for the fleeces and skins of their sheep and goats; and in furnishing them with such opportunities the care of Providence appeared. But the strong and pointed terms which Moses here uses (see also 신29:5) indicate a special or miraculous interposition of their loving Guardian in preserving them amid the wear and tear of their nomadic life in the desert. Thirdly, Moses expatiated on the goodness of the promised land.
【신8:7 JFB】7. For the Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land—All accounts, ancient and modern, concur in bearing testimony to the natural beauty and fertility of Palestine, and its great capabilities if properly cultivated.
a land of brooks of water, of fountains and depths that spring out of valleys and hills—These characteristic features are mentioned first, as they would be most striking; and all travellers describe how delightful and cheerful it is, after passing through the barren and thirsty desert, to be among running brooks and swelling hills and verdant valleys. It is observable that water is mentioned as the chief source of its ancient fertility.
【신8:8 JFB】8. A land of wheat, and barley—These cereal fruits were specially promised to the Israelites in the event of their faithful allegiance to the covenant of God (시81:16; 147:14). The wheat and barley were so abundant as to yield sixty and often an hundredfold (창26:12; 마13:8).
vines, and fig trees, and pomegranates—The limestone rocks and abrupt valleys were entirely covered, as traces of them still show, with plantations of figs, vines, and olive trees. Though in a southern latitude, its mountainous formations tempered the excessive heat, and hence, figs, pomegranates, &c., were produced in Palestine equally with wheat and barley, the produce of northern regions.
honey—The word "honey" is used often in a loose, indeterminate sense, very frequently to signify a syrup of dates or of grapes, which under the name of dibs is much used by all classes, wherever vineyards are found, as a condiment to their food. It resembles thin molasses, but is more pleasant to the taste [Robinson]. This is esteemed a great delicacy in the East, and it was produced abundantly in Palestine.
【신8:9 JFB】9. a land whose stones are iron—The abundance of this metal in Palestine, especially among the mountains of Lebanon, those of Kesraoun, and elsewhere, is attested not only by Josephus, but by Volney, Buckingham, and other travellers.
brass—not the alloy brass, but the ore of copper. Although the mines may now be exhausted or neglected, they yielded plenty of those metals anciently (대상22:3; 29:2-7; 사60:17).
【신8:10 MHCC】Moses directs to the duty of a prosperous condition. Let them always remember their Benefactor. In everything we must give thanks. Moses arms them against the temptations of a prosperous condition. When men possess large estates, or are engaged in profitable business, they find the temptation to pride, forgetfulness of God, and carnal-mindedness, very strong; and they are anxious and troubled about many things. In this the believing poor have the advantage; they more easily perceive their supplies coming from the Lord in answer to the prayer of faith; and, strange as it may seem, they find less difficulty in simply trusting him for daily bread. They taste a sweetness therein, which is generally unknown to the rich, while they are also freed from many of their temptations. Forget not God's former dealings with thee. Here is the great secret of Divine Providence. Infinite wisdom and goodness are the source of all the changes and trials believers experience. Israel had many bitter trials, but it was “to do them good.” Pride is natural to the human heart. Would one suppose that such a people, after their slavery at the brick-kilns, should need the thorns of the wilderness to humble them? But such is man! And they were proved that they might be humbled. None of us live a single week without giving proofs of our weakness, folly, and depravity. To broken-hearted souls alone the Saviour is precious indeed. Nothing can render the most suitable outward and inward trials effectual, but the power of the Spirit of God. See here how God's giving and our getting are reconciled, and apply it to spiritual wealth. All God's gifts are in pursuance of his promises. Moses repeats the warning he had often given of the fatal consequences of forsaking God. Those who follow others in sin, will follow them to destruction. If we do as sinners do, we must expect to fare as sinners fare.
【신8:11 JFB】11-20. Beware that thou forget not the Lord—After mentioning those instances of the divine goodness, Moses founded on them an argument for their future obedience.
【신8:15 JFB】15. Who led thee through that great and terrible wilderness, wherein were fiery serpents, and scorpions—Large and venomous reptiles are found in great numbers there still, particularly in autumn. Travellers must use great caution in arranging their tents and beds at night; even during the day the legs not only of men, but of the animals they ride, are liable to be bitten.
who brought thee forth water out of the rock of flint—(See on 신9:21).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.