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■ 신명기 26장
1. 네 하나님 여호와께서 네게 기업으로 주사 얻게 하시는 땅에 네가 들어가서 거기 거할 때에
And it shall be, when thou art come in unto the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance , and possessest it, and dwellest therein;
2. 네 하나님 여호와께서 네게 주시는 땅에서 그 토지 모든 소산의 맏물을 거둔 후에 그것을 취하여 광주리에 담고 네 하나님 여호와께서 그 이름을 두시려고 택하신 곳으로 그것을 가지고 가서
That thou shalt take of the first of all the fruit of the earth , which thou shalt bring of thy land that the Lord thy God giveth thee, and shalt put it in a basket , and shalt go unto the place which the Lord thy God shall choose to place his name there.
3. 당시 제사장에게 나아가서 그에게 이르기를 내가 오늘날 당신의 하나님 여호와께 고하나이다 내가 여호와께서 우리에게 주리라고 우리 열조에게 맹세하신 땅에 이르렀나이다 할 것이요
And thou shalt go unto the priest that shall be in those days , and say unto him, I profess this day unto the Lord thy God , that I am come unto the country which the Lord sware unto our fathers for to give us.
4. 제사장은 네 손에서 그 광주리를 취하여다가 네 하나님 여호와의 단 앞에 놓을 것이며
And the priest shall take the basket out of thine hand , and set it down before the altar of the Lord thy God .
5. 너는 또 네 하나님 여호와 앞에 아뢰기를 내 조상은 유리하는 아람 사람으로서 소수의 사람을 거느리고 애굽에 내려가서 거기 우거하여 필경은 거기서 크고 강하고 번성한 민족이 되었더니
And thou shalt speak and say before the Lord thy God , A Syrian ready to perish was my father , and he went down into Egypt , and sojourned there with a few , and became there a nation , great , mighty , and populous :
6. 애굽 사람이 우리를 학대하며 우리를 괴롭게 하며 우리에게 중역을 시키므로
And the Egyptians evil entreated us, and afflicted us, and laid upon us hard bondage :
7. 우리가 우리 조상의 하나님 여호와께 부르짖었더니 여호와께서 우리 음성을 들으시고 우리의 고통과 신고와 압제를 하감하시고
And when we cried unto the Lord God of our fathers , the Lord heard our voice , and looked on our affliction , and our labour , and our oppression :
8. 여호와께서 강한 손과 편 팔과 큰 위엄과 이적과 기사로 우리를 애굽에서 인도하여 내시고
And the Lord brought us forth out of Egypt with a mighty hand , and with an outstretched arm , and with great terribleness , and with signs , and with wonders :
9. 이 곳으로 인도하사 이 땅 곧 젖과 꿀이 흐르는 땅을 주셨나이다
And he hath brought us into this place , and hath given us this land , even a land that floweth with milk and honey .
10. 여호와여 이제 내가 주께서 내게 주신 토지 소산의 맏물을 가져왔나이다 하고 너는 그것을 네 하나님 여호와 앞에 두고 네 하나님 여호와 앞에 경배할 것이며
And now, behold, I have brought the firstfruits of the land , which thou, O Lord , hast given me. And thou shalt set it before the Lord thy God , and worship before the Lord thy God :
11. 네 하나님 여호와께서 너와 네 집에 주신 모든 복을 인하여 너는 레위인과 너의 중에 우거하는 객과 함께 즐거워할지니라
And thou shalt rejoice in every good thing which the Lord thy God hath given unto thee, and unto thine house , thou, and the Levite , and the stranger that is among you.
12. 제삼년 곧 십일조를 드리는 해에 네 모든 소산의 십일조 다 내기를 마친 후에 그것을 레위인과 객과 고아와 과부에게 주어서 네 성문 안에서 먹어 배부르게 하라
When thou hast made an end of tithing all the tithes of thine increase the third year , which is the year of tithing , and hast given it unto the Levite , the stranger , the fatherless , and the widow , that they may eat within thy gates , and be filled ;
13. 그리할 때에 네 하나님 여호와 앞에 고하기를 내가 성물을 내 집에서 내어 레위인과 객과 고아와 과부에게 주기를 주께서 내게 명하신 명령대로 하였사오니 내가 주의 명령을 범치도 아니하였고 잊지도 아니하였나이다
Then thou shalt say before the Lord thy God , I have brought away the hallowed things out of mine house , and also have given them unto the Levite , and unto the stranger , to the fatherless , and to the widow , according to all thy commandments which thou hast commanded me: I have not transgressed thy commandments , neither have I forgotten them:
14. 내가 애곡하는 날에 이 성물을 먹지 아니하였고 부정한 몸으로 이를 떼어두지 아니하였고 죽은 자를 위하여 이를 쓰지 아니하였고 내 하나님 여호와의 말씀을 청종하여 주께서 내게 명령하신 대로 다 행하였사오니
I have not eaten thereof in my mourning , neither have I taken away ought thereof for any unclean use, nor given ought thereof for the dead : but I have hearkened to the voice of the Lord my God , and have done according to all that thou hast commanded me.
15. 원컨대 주의 거룩한 처소 하늘에서 하감하시고 주의 백성 이스라엘에게 복을 주시며 우리 열조에게 맹세하여 우리에게 주신 바 젖과 꿀이 흐르는 땅에 복을 내리소서 할지니라
Look down from thy holy habitation , from heaven , and bless thy people Israel , and the land which thou hast given us, as thou swarest unto our fathers , a land that floweth with milk and honey .
16. 오늘날 네 하나님 여호와께서 이 규례와 법도를 행하라고 네게 명하시나니 그런즉 너는 마음을 다하고 성품을 다하여 지켜 행하라
This day the Lord thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments : thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thine heart , and with all thy soul .
17. 네가 오늘날 여호와를 네 하나님으로 인정하고 또 그 도를 행하고 그 규례와 명령과 법도를 지키며 그 소리를 들으리라 확언하였고
Thou hast avouched the Lord this day to be thy God , and to walk in his ways , and to keep his statutes , and his commandments , and his judgments , and to hearken unto his voice :
18. 여호와께서도 네게 말씀하신 대로 오늘날 너를 자기의 보배로운 백성으로 인정하시고 또 그 모든 명령을 지키게 하리라 확언하셨은즉
And the Lord hath avouched thee this day to be his peculiar people , as he hath promised thee, and that thou shouldest keep all his commandments ;
19. 여호와께서 너의 칭찬과 명예와 영광으로 그 지으신 모든 민족 위에 뛰어나게 하시고 그 말씀하신 대로 너로 네 하나님 여호와의 성민이 되게 하시리라
And to make thee high above all nations which he hath made , in praise , and in name , and in honour ; and that thou mayest be an holy people unto the Lord thy God , as he hath spoken .
■ 주석 보기
【신26:1 JFB】신26:1-15. The Confession of Him That Offers the Basket of First Fruits.
【신26:1 CWC】[DIVERS REGULATIONS -- CONTINUED]
1. Public Privileges, c. 23:1-9.
The privileges referred to here are doubtless honors in the state and perhaps, in the case of foreigners, incorporation with Israel by marriage. Eunuchs and bastards were denied these privileges (1, 2), and also members of what Gentile nations (3)? What caused the latter prohibition (4-6)? Such passages as 느13:1; 룻4:10, and 왕하10:2, show that there were some exceptions to this prohibition, although it may be that it excluded males, but not females. What other two nations were exempt from this rule, and on what grounds (7, 8)?
2. Bodily Uncleanness and Other Details, vv. 10-25.
Verse 13, should be translated as in the Revised Version, "thou shalt have a paddle (marg. or shovel) among thy weapons," which explains the meaning of the direction. Think of it in the light of the following verse, and remember the words of Wesley, that "cleanliness is next to godliness." There is a sense indeed, in which it is godliness, and the man who honors his Creator and Redeemer will see to it that himself and his surroundings are ever in a wholesome and sanitary condition. These directions have reference to camp life when engaged in war (9), but how much more obligatory in ordinary living.
Verses 15 and 16 refer to slaves who run away from tyrannical masters, or for deliverance from heathenism, and they afforded a ground for the action of Northern abolitionists who aided runaway slaves prior to our civil war.
As to verses 19 and 20, the Israelites lived in a simple state of society, and were encouraged to lend to each other without hope of gain. But the case was different with foreigners, who, engaged in trade and commerce, borrowed to enlarge their capital, and might reasonably be expected to pay interest on loans. Besides, the distinction was conducive to keeping the Israelites separate from the rest of the world.
3. Marriage and Divorce, c. 24:1-5.
Divorce seems to have become known to the Hebrews in Egypt, and was tolerated by the Mosaic laws for the reason indicated in 마19:3-9. But it was restricted by two conditions. What was the first (1)? And the second (4)? Because of increasing laxity in these matters today, we ought to familiarize ourselves with these two passages of Scripture, and especially the words of Christ.
4. Consideration for the Poor, vv. 6-22.
Why was a creditor not at liberty to take either the mill (R. V.), or the upper millstone as a pledge for debt (6)? Corn was ground every morning for that day's consumption, and if either were taken it would be depriving a man of his necessary provision.
According to verses 10 and 11, how were a borrower's feelings to be considered?
Verses 12 and 13 are explained by the fact that the cloak of a poor man was commonly all the covering he had to wrap himself in when he retired for the night.
What beneficient provision for the poor is made in verses 19-22, and why?
5. Justice in Law and in Trade, c. 25.
The bastinado was common to Egypt, but God through Moses here introduces two important restrictions (1-3):
First, the punishment should be inflicted in presence of the judge, instead of in private by some heartless official;
Second, the maximum amount should be forty stripes, instead of the arbitrary will of the magistrate. The Egyptian, like Turkish and Chinese rulers, often applied the stick till they caused death or lameness for life. In later times, when the Jews were exceedingly scrupulous in adhering to the letter of the law, and, for fear of miscalculation, were desirous of keeping within the prescribed limit, the scourge was formed of three cords, terminating in leathern thongs, and thirteen strokes of this counted thirty-nine (고후11:24).
The usage concerning a childless widow existed before this time (Gen. 38), but the law now made it obligatory on younger brothers or the nearest kinsman to marry the widow (룻4:4, 마22:25). The reason for this was not only to perpetuate the name but also preserve the property in the family and tribe.
The reference to Amalek's deed (17-19) is not mentioned in Exod. 17, where the battle is recorded, but as it was a daring defiance of God, this command against them went forth. (See 1 Sam. 15.)
6. The Laws of Tithing, c. 26.
The regulations here considered, like almost all the foregoing, were for observance, not in the wilderness, but in Canaan after they should enter it (1). What were they then to do? Where were they to go (2)? What were they to say (3)? After the priest's acceptance of the basket and its contents, what was the next feature in this ritual (5-10)? In what spirit should this be done (11)?
This is not so much a question of tithing, i. e., the giving of one-tenth, as a general acknowledgment that all belongs to God as represented by the basket of first fruits and the confession and thanksgiving.
The actual tithing is referred to in the verses following (12-15). There were really two tithings. The first was appropriated to the Levites (민18:21); and the second, the tenth of what remained, was brought to Jerusalem, in kind or in money value. In the latter case, the money was used to purchase materials for the offerings and their thanksgiving feast (신14:22, 23). This was done for two years together, but on the third year (신14:28, 29), the thanksgiving was to be eaten at home and distribution to be made among the poor.
【신26:1 MHCC】When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing from the fountain of the promise. The person who offered his first-fruits, must remember and own the mean origin of that nation, of which he was a member. A Syrian ready to perish was my father. Jacob is here called a Syrian. Their nation in its infancy sojourned in Egypt as strangers, they served there as slaves. They were a poor, despised, oppressed people in Egypt; and though become rich and great, had no reason to be proud, secure, or forgetful of God. He must thankfully acknowledge God's great goodness to Israel. The comfort we have in our own enjoyments, should lead us to be thankful for our share in public peace and plenty; and with present mercies we should bless the Lord for the former mercies we remember, and the further mercies we expect and hope for. He must offer his basket of first-fruits. Whatever good thing God gives us, it is his will that we make the most comfortable use we can of it, tracing the streams to the Fountain of all consolation.
【신26:2 JFB】2. Thou shalt take of the first of all the fruit of the earth—The Israelites in Canaan, being God's tenants-at-will, were required to give Him tribute in the form of first-fruits and tithes. No Israelite was at liberty to use any productions of his field until he had presented the required offerings. The tribute began to be exigible after the settlement in the promised land, and it was yearly repeated at one of the great feasts (레2:14; 23:10; 23:15; 민28:26; 신16:9). Every master of a family carried it on his shoulders in a little basket of osier, peeled willow, or palm leaves, and brought it to the sanctuary.
【신26:5 JFB】5. thou shalt say … A Syrian ready to perish was my father—rather, "a wandering Syrian." The ancestors of the Hebrews were nomad shepherds, either Syrians by birth as Abraham, or by long residence as Jacob. When they were established as a nation in the possession of the promised land, they were indebted to God's unmerited goodness for their distinguished privileges, and in token of gratitude they brought this basket of first-fruits.
【신26:11 JFB】11. thou shalt rejoice—feasting with friends and the Levites, who were invited on such occasions to share in the cheerful festivities that followed oblations (신12:7; 16:10-15).
【신26:12 JFB】12-15. When thou hast made an end of tithing all the tithes of thine increase the third year—Among the Hebrews there were two tithings. The first was appropriated to the Levites (민18:21). The second, being the tenth of what remained, was brought to Jerusalem in kind; or it was converted into money, and the owner, on arriving in the capital, purchased sheep, bread, and oil (신14:22, 23). This was done for two consecutive years. But this second tithing was eaten at home, and the third year distributed among the poor of the place (신14:28, 29).
【신26:12 MHCC】How should the earth yield its increase, or, if it does, what comfort can we take in it, unless therewith our God gives us his blessing? All this represented the covenant relation between a reconciled God and every true believer, and the privileges and duties belonging to it. We must be watchful, and show that according to the covenant of grace in Christ Jesus, the Lord is our God, and we are his people, waiting in his appointed way for the performance of his gracious promises.
【신26:13 JFB】13. thou shalt say before the Lord thy God, I have brought away the hallowed things out of mine house—This was a solemn declaration that nothing which should be devoted to the divine service had been secretly reserved for personal use.
【신26:14 JFB】14. I have not eaten thereof in my mourning—in a season of sorrow, which brought defilement on sacred things; under a pretense of poverty, and grudging to give any away to the poor.
neither … for any unclean use—that is, any common purpose, different from what God had appointed and which would have been a desecration of it.
nor given ought thereof for the dead—on any funeral service, or, to an idol, which is a dead thing.
【신26:16 MHCC】Moses here enforces the precepts. They are God's laws, therefore thou shalt do them, to that end were they given thee; do them, and dispute them not; do them, and draw not back; do them, not carelessly and hypocritically, but with thy heart and soul, thy whole heart and thy whole soul. We forswear ourselves, and break the most sacred engagement, if, when we have taken the Lord to be our God, we do not make conscience of obeying his commands. We are elected to obedience, 벧전1:2; chosen that we should be holy, 엡1:4; purified a peculiar people, that we might not only do good works, but be zealous in them, 딛2:14. Holiness is true honour, and the only way to everlasting honour.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.