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■ 신명기 12장
1. 네 열조의 하나님 여호와께서 네게 주셔서 얻게 하신 땅에서 너희가 평생에 지켜 행할 규례와 법도는 이러하니라
These are the statutes and judgments , which ye shall observe to do in the land , which the Lord God of thy fathers giveth thee to possess it, all the days that ye live upon the earth .
2. 너희가 쫓아 낼 민족들이 그 신들을 섬기는 곳은 높은 산이든지 작은 산이든지 푸른 나무 아래든지 무론하고 그 모든 곳을 너희가 마땅히 파멸하며
Ye shall utterly destroy all the places , wherein the nations which ye shall possess served their gods , upon the high mountains , and upon the hills , and under every green tree :
3. 그 단을 헐며 주상을 깨뜨리며 아세라 상을 불사르고 또 그 조각한 신상들을 찍어서 그 이름을 그곳에서 멸하라
And ye shall overthrow their altars , and break their pillars , and burn their groves with fire ; and ye shall hew down the graven images of their gods , and destroy the names of them out of that place .
4. 너희 하나님 여호와에게는 너희가 그처럼 행하지 말고
Ye shall not do so unto the Lord your God .
5. 오직 너희 하나님 여호와께서 자기 이름을 두시려고 너희 모든 지파 중에서 택하신 곳인 그 거하실 곳으로 찾아 나아가서
But unto the place which the Lord your God shall choose out of all your tribes to put his name there, even unto his habitation shall ye seek , and thither thou shalt come :
6. 너희 번제와 너희 희생과 너희의 십일조와 너희 손의 거제와 너희 서원제와 낙헌 예물과 너희 우양의 처음 낳은 것들을 너희는 그리로 가져다가 드리고
And thither ye shall bring your burnt offerings , and your sacrifices , and your tithes , and heave offerings of your hand , and your vows , and your freewill offerings , and the firstlings of your herds and of your flocks :
7. 거기 곧 너희 하나님 여호와 앞에서 먹고 너희 하나님 여호와께서 너희 손으로 수고한 일에 복 주심을 인하여 너희와 너희 가족이 즐거워할지니라
And there ye shall eat before the Lord your God , and ye shall rejoice in all that ye put your hand unto, ye and your households , wherein the Lord thy God hath blessed thee.
8. 우리가 오늘날 여기서는 각기 소견대로 하였거니와 너희가 거기서는 하지 말지니라
Ye shall not do after all the things that we do here this day , every man whatsoever is right in his own eyes .
9. 너희가 너희 하나님 여호와의 주시는 안식과 기업에 아직은 이르지 못하였거니와
For ye are not as yet come to the rest and to the inheritance , which the Lord your God giveth you.
10. 너희가 요단을 건너 너희 하나님 여호와께서 너희에게 기업으로 주시는 땅에 거하게 될 때 또는 여호와께서 너희로 너희 사방의 모든 대적을 이기게 하시고 너희에게 안식을 주사 너희로 평안히 거하게 하실 때에
But when ye go over Jordan , and dwell in the land which the Lord your God giveth you to inherit , and when he giveth you rest from all your enemies round about , so that ye dwell in safety ;
11. 너희는 너희 하나님 여호와께서 자기 이름을 두시려고 한 곳을 택하실 그 곳으로 나의 명하는 것을 모두 가지고 갈지니 곧 너희 번제와 너희 희생과 너희 십일조와 너희 손의 거제와 너희가 여호와께 서원하는 모든 아름다운 서원물을 가져가고
Then there shall be a place which the Lord your God shall choose to cause his name to dwell there; thither shall ye bring all that I command you; your burnt offerings , and your sacrifices , your tithes , and the heave offering of your hand , and all your choice vows which ye vow unto the Lord :
12. 너희와 너희 자녀와 노비와 함께 너희 하나님 여호와 앞에서 즐거워할 것이요 네 성중에 거하는 레위인과도 그리할찌니 레위인은 너희 중에 분깃이나 기업이 없음이니라
And ye shall rejoice before the Lord your God , ye, and your sons , and your daughters , and your menservants , and your maidservants , and the Levite that is within your gates ; forasmuch as he hath no part nor inheritance with you.
13. 너는 삼가서 네게 보이는 아무 곳에서든지 번제를 드리지 말고
Take heed to thyself that thou offer not thy burnt offerings in every place that thou seest :
14. 오직 너희의 한 지파 중에 여호와의 택하실 그 곳에서 너는 번제를 드리고 또 내가 네게 명하는 모든 것을 거기서 행할지니라
But in the place which the Lord shall choose in one of thy tribes , there thou shalt offer thy burnt offerings , and there thou shalt do all that I command thee.
15. 그러나 네 하나님 여호와께서 네게 주신 복을 따라 각 성에서 네 마음에 즐기는 대로 생축을 잡아 그 고기를 먹을 수 있나니 곧 정한 자나 부정한 자를 무론하고 노루나 사슴을 먹음과 같이 먹으려니와
Notwithstanding thou mayest kill and eat flesh in all thy gates , whatsoever thy soul lusteth after , according to the blessing of the Lord thy God which he hath given thee: the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck , and as of the hart .
16. 오직 그 피는 먹지 말고 물 같이 땅에 쏟을 것이며
Only ye shall not eat the blood ; ye shall pour it upon the earth as water .
17. 너는 곡식과 포도주와 기름의 십일조와 네 우양의 처음 낳은 것과 너의 서원을 갚는 예물과 너의 낙헌 예물과 네 손의 거제물은 너의 각 성에서 먹지 말고
Thou mayest not eat within thy gates the tithe of thy corn , or of thy wine , or of thy oil , or the firstlings of thy herds or of thy flock , nor any of thy vows which thou vowest , nor thy freewill offerings , or heave offering of thine hand :
18. 오직 네 하나님 여호와께서 택하실 곳에서 네 하나님 여호와 앞에서 너는 네 자녀와 노비와 성중에 거하는 레위인과 함께 그것을 먹고 또 네 손으로 수고한 모든 일을 인하여 네 하나님 여호와 앞에서 즐거워하되
But thou must eat them before the Lord thy God in the place which the Lord thy God shall choose , thou, and thy son , and thy daughter , and thy manservant , and thy maidservant , and the Levite that is within thy gates : and thou shalt rejoice before the Lord thy God in all that thou puttest thine hands unto.
19. 너는 삼가서 네 땅에 거하는 동안에 레위인을 저버리지 말지니라
Take heed to thyself that thou forsake not the Levite as long as thou livest upon the earth .
20. 네 하나님 여호와께서 네게 허락하신 대로 네 지경을 넓히신 후에 네 마음에 고기를 먹고자 하여 이르기를 내가 고기를 먹으리라 하면 네가 무릇 마음에 좋아하는 대로 고기를 먹을 수 있으리니
When the Lord thy God shall enlarge thy border , as he hath promised thee, and thou shalt say , I will eat flesh , because thy soul longeth to eat flesh ; thou mayest eat flesh , whatsoever thy soul lusteth after .
21. 만일 네 하나님 여호와께서 자기 이름을 두시려고 택하신 곳이 네게서 멀거든 내가 네게 명한 대로 너는 여호와의 주신 우양을 잡아 너의 각 성에서 네가 무릇 마음에 좋아하는 것을 먹되
If the place which the Lord thy God hath chosen to put his name there be too far from thee, then thou shalt kill of thy herd and of thy flock , which the Lord hath given thee, as I have commanded thee, and thou shalt eat in thy gates whatsoever thy soul lusteth after .
22. 정한 자나 부정한 자를 무론하고 노루나 사슴을 먹음 같이 먹을 수 있거니와
Even as the roebuck and the hart is eaten , so thou shalt eat them: the unclean and the clean shall eat of them alike .
23. 오직 크게 삼가서 그 피는 먹지 말라 피는 그 생명인즉 네가 그 생명을 고기와 아울러 먹지 못하리니
Only be sure that thou eat not the blood : for the blood is the life ; and thou mayest not eat the life with the flesh .
24. 너는 그것을 먹지 말고 물 같이 땅에 쏟으라
Thou shalt not eat it; thou shalt pour it upon the earth as water .
25. 너는 피를 먹지 말라 네가 이같이 여호와께서 의롭게 여기시는 일을 행하면 너와 네 후손이 복을 누리리라
Thou shalt not eat it; that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee, when thou shalt do that which is right in the sight of the Lord .
26. 오직 네 성물과 서원물을 여호와께서 택하신 곳으로 가지고 가라
Only thy holy things which thou hast, and thy vows , thou shalt take , and go unto the place which the Lord shall choose :
27. 네가 번제를 드릴 때에는 그 고기와 피를 네 하나님 여호와의 단에 드릴 것이요 다른 제 희생을 드릴 때에는 그 피를 네 하나님 여호와의 단 위에 붓고 그 고기는 먹을지니라
And thou shalt offer thy burnt offerings , the flesh and the blood , upon the altar of the Lord thy God : and the blood of thy sacrifices shall be poured out upon the altar of the Lord thy God , and thou shalt eat the flesh .
28. 내가 네게 명하는 이 모든 말을 너는 듣고 지키라 네 하나님 여호와의 목전에 선과 의를 행하면 너와 네 후손에게 영원히 복이 있으리라
Observe and hear all these words which I command thee, that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee for ever , when thou doest that which is good and right in the sight of the Lord thy God .
29. 네 하나님 여호와께서 네가 들어가서 쫓아낼 그 민족들을 네 앞에서 멸절하시고 너로 그 땅을 얻어 거기 거하게 하실 때에
When the Lord thy God shall cut off the nations from before thee, whither thou goest to possess them, and thou succeedest them, and dwellest in their land ;
30. 너는 스스로 삼가서 네 앞에서 멸망한 그들의 자취를 밟아 올무에 들지 말라 또 그들의 신을 탐구하여 이르기를 이 민족들은 그 신들을 어떻게 위하였는고 나도 그와 같이 하겠다 하지 말라
Take heed to thyself that thou be not snared by following them, after that they be destroyed from before thee; and that thou enquire not after their gods , saying , How did these nations serve their gods ? even so will I do likewise .
31. 네 하나님 여호와께는 네가 그와 같이 행하지 못할 것이라 그들은 여호와의 꺼리시며 가증히 여기시는 일을 그 신들에게 행하여 심지어 그 자녀를 불살라 그 신들에게 드렸느니라
Thou shalt not do so unto the Lord thy God : for every abomination to the Lord , which he hateth , have they done unto their gods ; for even their sons and their daughters they have burnt in the fire to their gods .

32. 내가 너희에게 명하는 이 모든 말을 너희는 지켜 행하고 그것에 가감하지 말지니라
What thing soever I command you, observe to do it: thou shalt not add thereto, nor diminish from it.
■ 주석 보기
【신12:1 JFB】신12:1-15. Monuments of Idolatry to Be Destroyed.
1. These are the statutes and judgments, which ye shall observe—Having in the preceding chapter inculcated upon the Israelites the general obligation to fear and love God, Moses here enters into a detail of some special duties they were to practise on their obtaining possession of the promised land.
【신12:1 CWC】[CONDITIONS OF BLESSING IN THE LAND]
1. Places of Worship, c. 12.
In Canaan, what were the Israelites to destroy and how thoroughly was the work to be done (1-3)? What contrast were they to place between themselves and the heathen in public worship (4-7)? Did this apply to the same extent in the wilderness, and if not, why not (8-14)? What exception was made as to their private and domestic affairs (15, 16)? What were they not at liberty to eat in their own homes (17-19) Against what snare were they to be on their guard (29-32)?
In explanation of the foregoing it should be observed that no mention is made of heathen temples in Canaan at this time, and doubtless none were in existence. The places chosen for worship were the mountain tops, or groves, in order to direct attention toward heaven and secure retirement.
Note that while God promises to choose a place for the worship of Himself in the land, yet He does not divulge it in advance. Was this to prevent the Canaanites from concentrating their opposition there, or to prevent a course of strife among the Israelites themselves?
Notice from v. 12 that while the males only were commanded to appear before God at the annual feasts (i. e. at Jerusalem), yet the women were at liberty to accompany them.
The heathen believed in local deities who expected their dues from all who came to inhabit the country they protected.
This explains the caution in the closing verses of the chapter.
2. False Prophets, c. 13.
How were they to regard the teachings of false prophets (1-3)? How were they to deal with the prophets themselves (5)? Did it make any difference even if the wonders of the prophet had a show of reality? Does God ever permit such wonders to be done by false prophets, and if so, for what purpose? How are God's people to be preserved from such temptations (4)? Compare 사7:19, 20, and 1 요4:1-6. The student will see the bearing of this upon the false teachings of the present day, such as Theosophy, the New Thought, Spiritualism, Christian Science, and anything else, no matter how fair it appears, that is not in accord with the Gospel (see 갈1:8).
In the case of these false teachers should it make any difference if they were friends or relations (6-11)? Suppose a whole city should have been led away into idolatry thus, what then (12-16)? Might this action be taken hastily, or only after investigation?
The Jews appeal to this chapter as justifying their crucifixion of Jesus Christ, but it is replied that "to Him gave all the prophets witness." He had all the characteristics of the true prophet and was the fulfillment of all that had been written in the Scriptures concerning the Coming One. Moreover so far from alienating the people from Jehovah and His worship, He honored Him by observing His worship, and the purpose of His life was to fulfill the law and the prophets and put away the reproach of sin.
3. Dietary Matters, c. 14.
This chapter is taken up chiefly with dietary matters, but before they are touched upon what prohibition is laid in vv. 1, 2, and for what cause? It was an idolatrous practice on certain occasions (왕상18:28; 렘16:6, 41:5), to make cuttings on the face and other parts of the body with the finger nails or sharp instruments. To make a large bare space between the eyebrows was another such custom in honor of the dead. This was referred to in Lev. 19. These usages, were degrading, and inconsistent with the people of God (살전4:13).
Coming to the dietary matters, the student must be referred to what was said in earlier lessons, particularly in Leviticus.
No misunderstanding of verse 21 should be allowed as though what was not good enough in the physical sense for the Jew might do for the Gentile. The explanation has been shown previously, that it was for ceremonial and spiritual reasons.
4. The Sabbatic Year, c. 15.
The subject of this chapter has been dealt with in Exodus and Leviticus (see the marginal references in your Bible), but there are a few features calling for particular notice.
(1) The first matter is release from debt in the Sabbatic year (1-11). At this time what is every creditor obliged to do, and why (2)? It is not necessary to suppose that this was an absolute discharge of the debt, but a suspension of payment for the period named; and this, because in that period there was a suspension of agricultural labor which might have made it a hardship to pay a debt. We have seen that the underlying idea of the Sabbatic year was to impress all with the fact that they held their property from God, and that supreme gratitude was due to Him.
From whom might such civil rights and privileges be withheld (3)? What further qualifying thought is in v. 4? This seems to mean that in the case of well-to-do Israelites debts might be collected even in the Sabbatic year. But some think the words should be: "In order that there may be no poor among you," which would preclude any exception.
What promise does God renew unto Israel (6)? Remember that this is to be literally fulfilled unto Israel in that day when, obedient and penitent, they shall return unto God and Jesus as their Messiah.
Read carefully vv. 7-11, and observe the detail with which God as the theocratic King of His people would watch over their welfare. The foregoing law of release might prevent some covetous Hebrew from lending to the poor, hence the warning and the promise.
(2) The second matter is release from slavery. For the former treatment see Lev. 25. What provision is made for enabling such an one to regain his original status in society (13-14)? For the ceremony of the awl-boring see the chapter before mentioned. The meaning of verse 18 seems to be that such a servant is entitled to double wages because his service was more advantageous on the ground that he was serving "without wages and for a length of time, while hired servants were commonly engaged only by the year."
5. The Feasts, c. 16.
There is nothing in this chapter calling for particular attention. Students will find the feasts treated of in Exodus and Leviticus where they are first brought before us. See the marginal references in your Bibles for these places.
【신12:1 MHCC】Moses comes to the statutes he had to give in charge to Israel; and begins with such as relate to the worship of God. The Israelites are charged not to bring the rites and usages of idolaters into the worship of God; not under colour of making it better. We cannot serve God and mammon; nor worship the true God and idols; nor depend upon Christ Jesus and upon superstitious or self-righteous confidences.
【신12:2 JFB】2. Ye shall utterly destroy all the places, wherein the nations which ye shall possess served their gods—This divine command was founded on the tendencies of human nature; for to remove out of sight everything that had been associated with idolatry, that it might never be spoken of and no vestige of it remain, was the only effectual way to keep the Israelites from temptations to it. It is observable that Moses does not make any mention of temples, for such buildings were not in existence at that early period. The "places" chosen as the scene of heathen worship were situated either on the summit of a lofty mountain, or on some artificial mound, or in a grove, planted with particular trees, such as oaks, poplars, and elms (사57:5-7; 호4:13). The reason for the selection of such sites was both to secure retirement and to direct the attention upward to heaven; and the "place" was nothing else than a consecrated enclosure, or at most, a canopy or screen from the weather.
【신12:3 JFB】3. And ye shall overthrow their altars—piles of turf or small stones.
and break their pillars—Before the art of sculpture was known, the statues of idols were only rude blocks of colored stones.
【신12:5 JFB】5. unto the place which the Lord your God shall choose … to put his name there … thou shalt come—They were forbidden to worship either in the impure superstitious manner of the heathen, or in any of the places frequented by them. A particular place for the general rendezvous of all the tribes would be chosen by God Himself; and the choice of one common place for the solemn rites of religion was an act of divine wisdom, for the security of the true religion. It was admirably calculated to prevent the corruption which would otherwise have crept in from their frequenting groves and high hills—to preserve uniformity of worship and keep alive their faith in Him to whom all their sacrifices pointed. The place was successively Mizpeh, Shiloh, and especially Jerusalem. But in all the references made to it by Moses, the name is never mentioned. This studied silence was maintained partly lest the Canaanites within whose territories it lay might have concentrated their forces to frustrate all hopes of obtaining it; partly lest the desire of possessing a place of such importance might have become a cause of strife or rivalry amongst the Hebrew tribes, as about the appointment to the priesthood (민16:1-30).
【신12:5 MHCC】The command to bring ALL the sacrifices to the door of the tabernacle, was now explained with reference to the promised land. As to moral service, then, as now, men might pray and worship every where, as they did in their synagogues. The place which God would choose, is said to be the place where he would put his name. It was to be his habitation, where, as King of Israel, he would be found by all who reverently sought him. Now, under the gospel, we have no temple or altar that sanctifies the gift but Christ only: and as to the places of worship, the prophets foretold that in every place the spiritual incense should be offered, 말1:11. Our Saviour declared, that those are accepted as true worshippers, who worship God in sincerity and truth, without regard either to this mountain or Jerusalem, 요4:21. And a devout Israelite might honour God, keep up communion with him, and obtain mercy from him, though he had no opportunity of bringing a sacrifice to his altar. Work for God should be done with holy joy and cheerfulness. Even children and servants must rejoice before God; the services of religion are to be a pleasure, and not a task or drudgery. It is the duty of people to be kind to their ministers, who teach them well, and set them good examples. As long as we live, we need their assistance, till we come to that world where ordinances will not be needed. Whether we eat or drink, or whatever we do, we are commanded to do all to the glory of God. And we must do all in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, giving thanks to the Father through him. They must not even inquire into the modes and forms of idolatrous worship. What good would it do them to know those depths of Satan? And our inward satisfaction will be more and more, as we abound in love and good works, which spring from faith and the in-dwelling Spirit of Christ.
【신12:7 JFB】7. there ye shall eat before the Lord—of the things mentioned (신12:6); but of course, none of the parts assigned to the priests before the Lord—in the place where the sanctuary should be established, and in those parts of the Holy City which the people were at liberty to frequent and inhabit.
【신12:12 JFB】12. ye shall rejoice before the Lord your God, ye, and your sons, and your daughters, &c.—Hence it appears that, although males only were commanded to appear before God at the annual solemn feasts (출23:17), the women were allowed to accompany them (삼상1:3-23).
【신12:15 JFB】15. Notwithstanding thou mayest kill and eat flesh in all thy gates—Every animal designed for food, whether ox, goat, or lamb, was during the abode in the wilderness ordered to be slain as a peace offering at the door of the tabernacle; its blood to be sprinkled, and its fat burnt upon the altar by the priest. The encampment, being then round about the altar, made this practice, appointed to prevent idolatry, easy and practicable. But on the settlement in the promised land, the obligation to slay at the tabernacle was dispensed with. The people were left at liberty to prepare their meat in their cities or homes.
according to the blessing of the Lord thy God which he hath given thee—The style of living should be accommodated to one's condition and means—profuse and riotous indulgence can never secure the divine blessing.
the unclean and the clean may eat thereof—The unclean here are those who were under some slight defilement, which, without excluding them from society, yet debarred them from eating any of the sacred meats (레7:20). They were at liberty freely to partake of common articles of food.
of the roebuck—the gazelle.
and as of the hart—The Syrian deer (Cervus barbatus) is a species between our red and fallow deer, distinguished by the want of a bis-antler, or second branch on the horns, reckoning from below, and for a spotted livery which is effaced only in the third or fourth year.
【신12:16 JFB】신12:16-25. Blood Prohibited.
16. ye shall not eat the blood; ye shall pour it upon the earth as water—The prohibition against eating or drinking blood as an unnatural custom accompanied the announcement of the divine grant of animal flesh for food (창9:4), and the prohibition was repeatedly renewed by Moses with reference to the great objects of the law (레17:12), the prevention of idolatry, and the consecration of the sacrificial blood to God. In regard, however, to the blood of animals slain for food, it might be shed without ceremony and poured on the ground as a common thing like water—only for the sake of decency, as well as for preventing all risk of idolatry, it was to be covered over with earth (레17:13), in opposition to the practice of heathen sportsmen, who left it exposed as an offering to the god of the chase.
【신12:22 JFB】22-28. Even as the roebuck and the hart is eaten, so shalt thou eat them, &c.—Game when procured in the wilderness had not been required to be brought to the door of the tabernacle. The people were now to be as free in the killing of domestic cattle as of wild animals. The permission to hunt and use venison for food was doubtless a great boon to the Israelites, not only in the wilderness, but on their settlement in Canaan, as the mountainous ranges of Lebanon, Carmel, and Gilead, on which deer abounded in vast numbers, would thus furnish them with a plentiful and luxuriant repast.
【신12:26 JFB】신12:26-32. Holy Things to Be Eaten in the Holy Place.
26. Only thy holy things which thou hast—The tithes mentioned (신12:17) are not to be considered ordinary tithes, which belonged to the Levites, and of which private Israelites had a right to eat; but they are other extraordinary tithes or gifts, which the people carried to the sanctuary to be presented as peace offerings, and on which, after being offered and the allotted portion given to the priest, they feasted with their families and friends (레27:30).
【신12:29 JFB】29, 30. Take heed to thyself that thou be not snared by following them … saying, How did these nations serve their gods?—The Israelites, influenced by superstitious fear, too often endeavored to propitiate the deities of Canaan. Their Egyptian education had early impressed that bugbear notion of a set of local deities, who expected their dues of all who came to inhabit the country which they honored with their protection, and severely resented the neglect of payment in all newcomers [Warburton]. Taking into consideration the prevalence of this idea among them, we see that against an Egyptian influence was directed the full force of the wholesome caution with which this chapter closes.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.