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■ 신명기 1장
1. 이는 모세가 요단 저편 숩 맞은편의 아라바 광야 곧 바란과 도벨과 라반과 하세롯과 디사합 사이에서 이스라엘 무리에게 선포한 말씀이니라
These be the words which Moses spake unto all Israel on this side Jordan in the wilderness , in the plain over against the Red sea, between Paran , and Tophel , and Laban , and Hazeroth , and Dizahab .
2. 호렙 산에서 세일 산을 지나 가데스 바네아에까지 열하룻 길이었더라
(There are eleven days’ journey from Horeb by the way of mount Seir unto Kadesh–barnea .)
3. 제사십년 십일월 그 달 초일일에 모세가 이스라엘 자손에게 여호와께서 그들을 위하여 자기에게 주신 명령을 다 고하였으니
And it came to pass in the fortieth year , in the eleventh month , on the first day of the month , that Moses spake unto the children of Israel , according unto all that the Lord had given him in commandment unto them;
4. 때는 모세가 헤스본에 거하는 아모리 왕 시혼을 쳐 죽이고 에드레이에서 아스다롯에 거하는 바산 왕 옥을 쳐 죽인 후라
After he had slain Sihon the king of the Amorites , which dwelt in Heshbon , and Og the king of Bashan , which dwelt at Astaroth in Edrei :
5. 모세가 요단 저편 모압 땅에서 이 율법 설명하기를 시작하였더라 일렀으되
On this side Jordan , in the land of Moab , began Moses to declare this law , saying ,
6. 우리 하나님 여호와께서 호렙 산에서 우리에게 말씀하여 이르시기를 너희가 이 산에서 거한지 오래니
The Lord our God spake unto us in Horeb , saying , Ye have dwelt long enough in this mount :
7. 방향을 돌려 진행하여 아모리 족속의 산지로 가고 그 근지 곳곳으로 가고 아라바와 산지와 평지와 남방과 해변과 가나안 족속의 땅과 레바논과 큰 강 유브라데까지 가라 하셨나니
Turn you, and take your journey , and go to the mount of the Amorites , and unto all the places nigh thereunto, in the plain , in the hills , and in the vale , and in the south , and by the sea side , to the land of the Canaanites , and unto Lebanon , unto the great river , the river Euphrates .
8. 여호와께서 너희의 열조 아브라함과 이삭과 야곱에게 맹세하사 그들과 그 후손에게 주리라 하신 땅이 너희 앞에 있으니 들어가서 얻을지니라
Behold , I have set the land before you: go in and possess the land which the Lord sware unto your fathers , Abraham , Isaac , and Jacob , to give unto them and to their seed after them.
9. 그 때에 내가 너희에게 말하여 이르기를 나는 홀로 너희 짐을 질 수 없도다
And I spake unto you at that time , saying , I am not able to bear you myself alone :
10. 너희 하나님 여호와께서 너희를 번성케 하셨으므로 너희가 오늘날 하늘의 별 같이 많거니와
The Lord your God hath multiplied you, and, behold, ye are this day as the stars of heaven for multitude .
11. 너희 열조의 하나님 여호와께서 너희를 현재보다 천 배나 많게 하시며 너희에게 허락하신 것과 같이 너희에게 복 주시기를 원하노라
(The Lord God of your fathers make you a thousand times so many more as ye are, and bless you, as he hath promised you!)
12. 그런즉 나 홀로 어찌 능히 너희의 괴로운 것과 너희의 무거운 짐과 너희의 다툼을 담당할 수 있으랴
How can I myself alone bear your cumbrance , and your burden , and your strife ?
13. 너희의 각 지파에서 지혜와 지식이 있는 유명한 자를 택하라 내가 그들을 세워 너희 두령을 삼으리라 한즉
Take you wise men , and understanding , and known among your tribes , and I will make them rulers over you.
14. 너희가 대답하여 이르기를 당신의 말씀대로 하는 것이 좋다 하기에
And ye answered me, and said , The thing which thou hast spoken is good for us to do .
15. 내가 너희 지파의 두령으로 지혜가 있는 유명한 자를 취하여 너희의 어른을 삼되 곧 각 지파를 따라 천부장과 백부장과 오십부장과 십부장과 패장을 삼고
So I took the chief of your tribes , wise men , and known , and made them heads over you, captains over thousands , and captains over hundreds , and captains over fifties , and captains over tens , and officers among your tribes .
16. 내가 그 때에 너희 재판장들에게 명하여 이르기를 너희가 너희 형제 중에 송사를 들을 때에 양방간에 공정히 판결할 것이며 그들 중의 타국인에게도 그리 할것이라
And I charged your judges at that time , saying , Hear the causes between your brethren , and judge righteously between every man and his brother , and the stranger that is with him.
17. 재판은 하나님께 속한 것인즉 너희는 재판에 외모를 보지 말고 귀천을 일반으로 듣고 사람의 낯을 두려워 말것이며 스스로 결단하기 어려운 일이거든 내게로 돌리라 내가 들으리라 하였고
Ye shall not respect persons in judgment ; but ye shall hear the small as well as the great ; ye shall not be afraid of the face of man ; for the judgment is God’s : and the cause that is too hard for you, bring it unto me, and I will hear it.
18. 내가 너희의 행할 모든 일을 그 때에 너희에게 다 명하였느니라
And I commanded you at that time all the things which ye should do .
19. 우리 하나님 여호와께서 우리에게 명하신 대로 우리가 호렙 산에서 발행하여 너희의 본바 크고 두려운 광야를 지나 아모리 족속 산지 길로 가데스 바네아에 이른 때에
And when we departed from Horeb , we went through all that great and terrible wilderness , which ye saw by the way of the mountain of the Amorites , as the Lord our God commanded us; and we came to Kadesh–barnea .
20. 내가 너희에게 이르기를 우리 하나님 여호와께서 우리에게 주신 아모리 족속의 산지에 너희가 이르렀나니
And I said unto you, Ye are come unto the mountain of the Amorites , which the Lord our God doth give unto us.
21. 너희 하나님 여호와께서 이 땅을 너희 앞에 두셨은즉 너희 열조의 하나님 여호와께서 너희에게 이르신 대로 올라가서 얻으라 두려워 말라 주저하지 말라 한즉
Behold , the Lord thy God hath set the land before thee: go up and possess it, as the Lord God of thy fathers hath said unto thee; fear not, neither be discouraged .
22. 너희가 다 내 앞으로 나아와 말하기를 우리가 사람을 우리 앞서 보내어 우리를 위하여 그 땅을 정탐하고 어느 길로 올라가야 할 것과 어느 성읍으로 들어가야 할 것을 우리에게 회보케 하자 하기에
And ye came near unto me every one of you, and said , We will send men before us, and they shall search us out the land , and bring us word again by what way we must go up , and into what cities we shall come .
23. 내가 그 말을 선히 여겨 너희 중에서 매 지파에 한 사람씩 열둘을 택하매
And the saying pleased me well : and I took twelve men of you, one of a tribe :
24. 그들이 앞으로 가서 산지에 올라 에스골 골짜기에 이르러 그곳을 정탐하고
And they turned and went up into the mountain , and came unto the valley of Eshcol , and searched it out .
25. 그 땅의 과실을 손에 가지고 우리에게로 돌아와서 우리에게 회보하여 이르되 우리의 하나님 여호와께서 우리에게 주시는 땅이 좋더라 하였느니라
And they took of the fruit of the land in their hands , and brought it down unto us, and brought us word again , and said , It is a good land which the Lord our God doth give us.
26. 그러나 너희가 올라가기를 즐겨 아니하고 너희 하나님 여호와의 명을 거역하여
Notwithstanding ye would not go up , but rebelled against the commandment of the Lord your God :
27. 장막 중에서 원망하여 이르기를 여호와께서 우리를 미워하시는 고로 아모리 족속의 손에 붙여 멸하시려고 우리를 애굽 땅에서 인도하여 내셨도다
And ye murmured in your tents , and said , Because the Lord hated us, he hath brought us forth out of the land of Egypt , to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites , to destroy us.
28. 우리가 어디로 갈꼬 우리의 형제들이 우리로 낙심케 하여 말하기를 그 백성은 우리보다 장대하며 그 성읍은 크고 성곽은 하늘에 닿았으며 우리가 또 거기서 아낙 자손을 보았노라 하는도다 하기로
Whither shall we go up ? our brethren have discouraged our heart , saying , The people is greater and taller than we; the cities are great and walled up to heaven ; and moreover we have seen the sons of the Anakims there.
29. 내가 너희에게 말하기를 그들을 무서워 말라 두려워하지 말라
Then I said unto you, Dread not, neither be afraid of them.
30. 너희 앞서 행하시는 너희 하나님 여호와께서 애굽에서 너희를 위하여 너희 목전에서 모든 일을 행하신 것 같이 이제도 너희를 위하여 싸우실 것이며
The Lord your God which goeth before you, he shall fight for you, according to all that he did for you in Egypt before your eyes ;
31. 광야에서도 너희가 당하였거니와 사람이 자기 아들을 안음 같이 너희 하나님 여호와께서 너희의 행로 중에 너희를 안으사 이곳까지 이르게 하셨느니라 하나
And in the wilderness , where thou hast seen how that the Lord thy God bare thee, as a man doth bear his son , in all the way that ye went , until ye came into this place .
32. 이 일에 너희가 너희 하나님 여호와를 믿지 아니하였도다
Yet in this thing ye did not believe the Lord your God ,
33. 그는 너희 앞서 행하시며 장막 칠 곳을 찾으시고 밤에는 불로, 낮에는 구름으로 너희의 행할 길을 지시하신 자니라
Who went in the way before you, to search you out a place to pitch your tents in, in fire by night , to shew you by what way ye should go , and in a cloud by day .
34. 여호와께서 너희의 말소리를 들으시고 노하사 맹세하여 가라사대
And the Lord heard the voice of your words , and was wroth , and sware , saying ,
35. 이 악한 세대 사람들 중에는 내가 그들의 열조에게 주기로 맹세한 좋은 땅을 볼 자가 하나도 없으리라
Surely there shall not one of these men of this evil generation see that good land , which I sware to give unto your fathers ,
36. 오직 여분네의 아들 갈렙은 온전히 여호와를 순종하였은즉 그는 그것을 볼 것이요 그가 밟은 땅을 내가 그와 그의 자손에게 주리라 하시고
Save Caleb the son of Jephunneh ; he shall see it, and to him will I give the land that he hath trodden upon , and to his children , because he hath wholly followed the Lord .
37. 여호와께서 너희의 연고로 내게도 진노하사 가라사대 너도 그리로 들어가지 못하리라
Also the Lord was angry with me for your sakes , saying , Thou also shalt not go in thither .
38. 너의 종자 눈의 아들 여호수아는 그리로 들어갈 것이니 너는 그를 담대케 하라 그가 이스라엘에게 그 땅을 기업으로 얻게 하리라
But Joshua the son of Nun , which standeth before thee, he shall go in thither: encourage him: for he shall cause Israel to inherit it.
39. 또 너희가 사로잡히리라 하던 너희의 아이들과 당일에 선악을 분변치 못하던 너희 자녀들 그들은 그리로 들어갈 것이라 내가 그 땅을 그들에게 주어 산업이 되게 하리라
Moreover your little ones , which ye said should be a prey , and your children , which in that day had no knowledge between good and evil , they shall go in thither, and unto them will I give it, and they shall possess it.
40. 너희는 회정하여 홍해 길로 하여 광야로 들어갈지니라 하시매
But as for you, turn you, and take your journey into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea .
41. 너희가 대답하여 내게 이르기를 우리가 여호와께 범죄하였사오니 우리 하나님께서 우리에게 명하신 대로 우리가 올라가서 싸우리이다 하고 너희가 각각 병기를 띠고 경솔히 산지로 올라가려 할 때에
Then ye answered and said unto me, We have sinned against the Lord , we will go up and fight , according to all that the Lord our God commanded us. And when ye had girded on every man his weapons of war , ye were ready to go up into the hill .
42. 여호와께서 내게 이르시되 너는 그들에게 이르기를 너희는 올라가지 말라 싸우지도 말라 내가 너희 중에 있지 아니하니 너희가 대적에게 패할까 하노라 하셨다 하라 하시기로
And the Lord said unto me, Say unto them, Go not up , neither fight ; for I am not among you; lest ye be smitten before your enemies .
43. 내가 너희에게 고하였으나 너희가 듣지 아니하고 여호와의 명을 거역하고 천자히 산지로 올라가매
So I spake unto you; and ye would not hear , but rebelled against the commandment of the Lord , and went presumptuously up into the hill .
44. 그 산지에 거하는 아모리 족속이 너희를 마주 나와서 벌떼 같이 너희를 쫓아 세일 산에서 쳐서 호르마까지 미친지라
And the Amorites , which dwelt in that mountain , came out against you, and chased you, as bees do , and destroyed you in Seir , even unto Hormah .
45. 너희가 돌아와서 여호와 앞에서 통곡하나 여호와께서 너희의 소리를 듣지 아니하시며 너희에게 귀를 기울이지 아니하셨으므로
And ye returned and wept before the Lord ; but the Lord would not hearken to your voice , nor give ear unto you.
46. 너희가 가데스에 여러날 동안 거하였었나니 곧 너희가 그 곳에 거하던 날 수대로니라
So ye abode in Kadesh many days , according unto the days that ye abode there.
■ 주석 보기
【신1:1 JFB】신1:1-46. Moses' Speech at the End of the Fortieth Year.
1. These be the words which Moses spake unto all Israel—The mental condition of the people generally in that infantine age of the Church, and the greater number of them being of young or tender years, rendered it expedient to repeat the laws and counsels which God had given. Accordingly, to furnish a recapitulation of the leading branches of their faith and duty was among the last public services which Moses rendered to Israel. The scene of their delivery was on the plains of Moab where the encampment was pitched
on this side Jordan—or, as the Hebrew word may be rendered "on the bank of the Jordan."
in the wilderness, in the plain—the Arabah, a desert plain, or steppe, extended the whole way from the Red Sea north to the Sea of Tiberias. While the high tablelands of Moab were "cultivated fields," the Jordan valley, at the foot of the mountains where Israel was encamped, was a part of the great desert plain, little more inviting than the desert of Arabia. The locale is indicated by the names of the most prominent places around it. Some of these places are unknown to us. The Hebrew word, Suph, "red" (for "sea," which our translators have inserted, is not in the original, and Moses was now farther from the Red Sea than ever), probably meant a place noted for its reeds (민21:14).
Tophel—identified as Tafyle or Tafeilah, lying between Bozrah and Kerak.
Hazeroth—is a different place from that at which the Israelites encamped after leaving "the desert of Sinai."
【신1:1 CWC】[REVIEW OF ISRAEL'S HISTORY]
A book has been written by Canon Bernard entitled, "The Progress of Doctrine in the New Testament," in which he shows not only that the contents of its books are inspired, but their arrangement and order as well.
The same might be said of the Old Testament, especially of the Pentateuch. To illustrate, the purpose of the Bible is to give the history of redemption through a special seed. In Genesis we have the election of that seed (Abraham), in Exodus their redemption, in Leviticus their worship, in Numbers their walk and warfare, and in Deuteronomy their final preparation for the experience towards which all has been directed. (C. H. M.)
The Book of Review.
A secondary name for Deuteronomy might be "The Book of Review." The word comes from two Greek words, deuter, "second," and nomos, "law," the second law, or the repetition of the law. And yet when it comes to reviewing the law it adds certain things not mentioned previously (see 29:1).
The one great lesson it contains is that of obedience grounded on a known and recognized relationship to God through redemption.
The Divisions of the Book.
1., Review of the History, 1-3; 2. Review of the Law, 4-1 1; 3. Instructions and Warnings, 12-27; 4. Prophecy of Israel's Future, 28-30; 5. Moses' Final Counsels, 31; 6. Moses' Song and Blessing, 32-33; 7. Moses' death, 34.
Review of the History.
"This side Jordan" (v. 1), is in the Revised Version "beyond Jordan," and means the east side, where Moses and the people now were. How long is the direct journey from Horeb (or Sinai) to Kadesh-Barnea (2)? The allusion is doubtless to remind the people of their sin, which prolonged this journey from eleven days to forty years.
What is the first great fact of the review (5-8)? The second (11-18)? What do you recall about this second fact from our previous studies? What is the third fact (19-46)? What do you recall about this? What is the fourth (2:1-8)? The fifth (9-12)? Is there anything in vv. 10-12 to suggest an addition by a later hand than Moses?
Note to the Student.
It is hardly necessary to analyze the chapter further. Every student who has pursued the course thus far will be able to do it for himself, after receiving the suggestions above. If there are any beginning to study the Commentary now for the first time, let them examine the marginal references in their Bible for the places where the facts are first mentioned in Numbers, and it will be easy to compare the instruction given upon it in the previous lessons.
This may be a good place to again state that the object of this Commentary is to assist the reader to study the Bible. It has little value for those who eat only predigested food. There are better helps of that kind at hand, and more are scarcely called for.
The author also has in mind leaders of adult Bible classes who are looking for suggestions more than anything else, and to whom it is hoped the Commentary may be a blessing.
An Explanation or Two.
While further questions on the text of this lesson are hardly necessary, there are some things calling for explanation.
For example, chapter 2:4 says: "The children of Esau shall be afraid of you," which seems contradictory to Num. 20: 14. But the solution is that in the former instance the Israelites were on their western frontier where the Edomites were strong, while now they were on the eastern, where they were weak.
It may be asked why they should be necessitated to buy food of the Edomites, when the manna, still continued to be given them. The reply is, that there was no prohibition against eating other food, if they did not have an inordinate desire for it.
A reasonable explanation of other seeming contradictions may be found, but the student must be referred to larger commentaries, and a good many of them, if he wishes to learn everything that can be learned. Many things must be taken for granted in these lessons, but if we only get well acquainted with those that are explained we shall be in a fair way to master the rest.
Og and His Bedstead.
But what about the giant Og and his bedstead? He was the only remnant in the transjordanic country (수15:14) of a gigantic race, supposed to be the most ancient inhabitants of Palestine.
Although beds in the east are with the common people a simple mattress, yet bedsteads were not unknown among the great. Taking a cubit at half a yard, the bedstead of Og would measure thirteen and one-half feet, and as beds are usually a little larger than the persons who occupy them, the stature of the Amorite king may be estimated at about eleven or twelve feet.
But how did the bedstead come to be "in Rabbath, of the children of Ammon"? Perhaps on the eve of the engagement they conveyed it to Rabbath for safety. This is so unlikely, however, that some take the Hebrew word "bedstead" to mean "coffin," and think that the king having been wounded in battle, fled to Rabbath, where he died and was buried, and that here we have the size of his coffin.
【신1:1 MHCC】Moses spake to the people all the Lord had given him in commandment. Horeb was but eleven days distant from Kadesh-barnea. This was to remind them that their own bad conduct had occasioned their tedious wanderings; that they might the more readily understand the advantages of obedience. They must now go forward. Though God brings his people into trouble and affliction, he knows when they have been tried long enough. When God commands us to go forward in our Christian course, he sets the heavenly Canaan before us for our encouragement.
【신1:2 JFB】2. There are eleven days' journey from Horeb—Distances are computed in the East still by the hours or days occupiesd by the journey. A day's journey on foot is about twenty miles—on camels, at the rate of three miles an hour, thirty miles—and by caravans, about twenty-five miles. But the Israelites, with children and flocks, would move at a slow rate. The length of the Ghor from Ezion-geber to Kadesh is a hundred miles. The days here mentioned were not necessarily successive days [Robinson], for the journey can be made in a much shorter period. But this mention of the time was made to show that the great number of years spent in travelling from Horeb to the plain of Moab was not owing to the length of the way, but to a very different cause; namely, banishment for their apostasy and frequent rebellions.
mount Seir—the mountainous country of Edom.
【신1:3 JFB】3-8. in the fortieth year … Moses spake unto the children of Israel, &c.—This impressive discourse, in which Moses reviewed all that God had done for His people, was delivered about a month before his death, and after peace and tranquillity had been restored by the complete conquest of Sihon and Og.
【신1:4 JFB】4. Ashtaroth—the royal residence of Og, so called from Astarte ("the moon"), the tutelary goddess of the Syrians. Og was slain at
Edrei—now Edhra, the ruins of which are fourteen miles in circumference [Burckhardt]; its general breadth is about two leagues.
【신1:5 JFB】5. On this side Jordan, in the land of Moab, began Moses to declare this law—that is, explain this law. He follows the same method here that he elsewhere observes; namely, that of first enumerating the marvellous doings of God in behalf of His people, and reminding them what an unworthy requital they had made for all His kindness—then he rehearses the law and its various precepts.
【신1:6 JFB】6. The Lord our God spake unto us in Horeb, saying, Ye have dwelt long enough in this mount—Horeb was the general name of a mountainous district; literally, "the parched" or "burnt region," whereas Sinai was the name appropriated to a particular peak [see on 출19:2]. About a year had been spent among the recesses of that wild solitude, in laying the foundation, under the immediate direction of God, of a new and peculiar community, as to its social, political, and, above all, religious character; and when this purpose had been accomplished, they were ordered to break up their encampment in Horeb. The command given them was to march straight to Canaan, and possess it [신1:7].
【신1:7 JFB】7. the mount of the Amorites—the hilly tract lying next to Kadesh-barnea in the south of Canaan.
to the land of the Canaanites, and unto Lebanon—that is, Phœnicia, the country of Sidon, and the coast of the Mediterranean—from the Philistines to Lebanon. The name "Canaanite" is often used synonymously with that of "Phœnician."
【신1:8 JFB】8. I have set the land before you—literally, "before your faces"—it is accessible; there is no impediment to your occupation. The order of the journey as indicated by the places mentioned would have led to a course of invasion, the opposite of what was eventually followed; namely, from the seacoast eastward—instead of from the Jordan westward (see on 민20:1).
【신1:9 JFB】9-18. I spake unto you at that time, saying, I am not able to bear you myself alone—a little before their arrival in Horeb. Moses addresses that new generation as the representatives of their fathers, in whose sight and hearing all the transactions he recounts took place. A reference is here made to the suggestion of Jethro (출18:18). In noticing his practical adoption of a plan by which the administration of justice was committed to a select number of subordinate officers, Moses, by a beautiful allusion to the patriarchal blessing, ascribed the necessity of that memorable change in the government to the vast increase of the population.
【신1:9 MHCC】Moses reminds the people of the happy constitution of their government, which might make them all safe and easy, if it was not their own fault. He owns the fulfilment of God's promise to Abraham, and prays for the further accomplishment of it. We are not straitened in the power and goodness of God; why should we be straitened in our own faith and hope? Good laws were given to the Israelites, and good men were to see to the execution of them, which showed God's goodness to them, and the care of Moses.
【신1:10 JFB】10. ye are this day as the stars of heaven for multitude—This was neither an Oriental hyperbole nor a mere empty boast. Abraham was told (창15:5, 6) to look to the stars, and though they "appear" innumerable, yet those seen by the naked eye amount, in reality, to no more than three thousand ten in both hemispheres. The Israelites already far exceeded that number, being at the last census above six hundred thousand [민26:51]. It was a seasonable memento, calculated to animate their faith in the accomplishment of other parts of the divine promise.
【신1:19 JFB】19-21. we went through all that great and terrible wilderness—of Paran, which included the desert and mountainous space lying between the wilderness of Shur westward, or towards Egypt and mount Seir, or the land of Edom eastwards; between the land of Canaan northwards, and the Red Sea southwards; and thus it appears to have comprehended really the wilderness of Sin and Sinai [Fisk]. It is called by the Arabs El Tih, "the wandering." It is a dreary waste of rock and of calcareous soil covered with black sharp flints; all travellers, from a feeling of its complete isolation from the world, describe it as a great and terrible wilderness.
【신1:19 MHCC】Moses reminds the Israelites of their march from Horeb to Kadesh-barnea, through that great and terrible wilderness. He shows how near they were to a happy settlement in Canaan. It will aggravate the eternal ruin of hypocrites, that they were not far from the kingdom of God. As if it were not enough that they were sure of their God before them, they would send men before them. Never any looked into the Holy Land, but they must own it to be a good land. And was there any cause to distrust this God? An unbelieving heart was at the bottom of all this. All disobedience to God's laws, and distrust of his power and goodness, flow from disbelief of his word, as all true obedience springs from faith. It is profitable for us to divide our past lives into distinct periods; to give thanks to God for the mercies we have received in each, to confess and seek the forgiveness of all the sins we can remember; and thus to renew our acceptance of God's salvation, and our surrender of ourselves to his service. Our own plans seldom avail to good purpose; while courage in the exercise of faith, and in the path of duty, enables the believer to follow the Lord fully, to disregard all that opposes, to triumph over all opposition, and to take firm hold upon the promised blessings.
【신1:22 JFB】22-33. ye came … and said, We will send men before us, and they shall search us out the land—The proposal to despatch spies emanated from the people through unbelief; but Moses, believing them sincere, gave his cordial assent to this measure, and God on being consulted permitted them to follow the suggestion (see on 민13:1). The issue proved disastrous to them, only through their own sin and folly.
【신1:28 JFB】28. the cities are great, and walled up to heaven—an Oriental metaphor, meaning very high. The Arab marauders roam about on horseback, and hence the walls of St. Catherine's monastery on Sinai are so lofty that travellers are drawn up by a pulley in a basket.
Anakims—(See on 민13:33). The honest and uncompromising language of Moses, in reminding the Israelites of their perverse conduct and outrageous rebellion at the report of the treacherous and fainthearted scouts, affords a strong evidence of the truth of this history as well as of the divine authority of his mission. There was great reason for his dwelling on this dark passage in their history, as it was their unbelief that excluded them from the privilege of entering the promised land (히3:19); and that unbelief was a marvellous exhibition of human perversity, considering the miracles which God had wrought in their favor, especially in the daily manifestations they had of His presence among them as their leader and protector.
【신1:34 JFB】34-36. the Lord heard the voice of your words, and was wroth—In consequence of this aggravated offense (unbelief followed by open rebellion), the Israelites were doomed, in the righteous judgment of God, to a life of wandering in that dreary wilderness till the whole adult generation had disappeared by death. The only exceptions mentioned are Caleb and Joshua, who was to be Moses' successor.
【신1:37 JFB】37. Also the Lord was angry with me for your sakes—This statement seems to indicate that it was on this occasion Moses was condemned to share the fate of the people. But we know that it was several years afterwards that Moses betrayed an unhappy spirit of distrust at the waters of strife (시106:32, 33). This verse must be considered therefore as a parenthesis.
【신1:39 JFB】39. your children … who in that day had no knowledge between good and evil—All ancient versions read "to-day" instead of "that day"; and the sense is—"your children who now know," or "who know not as yet good or evil." As the children had not been partakers of the sinful outbreak, they were spared to obtain the privilege which their unbelieving parents had forfeited. God's ways are not as man's ways [사55:8, 9].
【신1:40 JFB】40-45. turn you, and take your journey into the … Red Sea—This command they disregarded, and, determined to force an onward passage in spite of the earnest remonstrances of Moses, they attempted to cross the heights then occupied by the combined forces of the Amorites and Amalekites (compare 민14:43), but were repulsed with great loss. People often experience distress even while in the way of duty. But how different their condition who suffer in situations where God is with them from the feelings of those who are conscious that they are in a position directly opposed to the divine will! The Israelites were grieved when they found themselves involved in difficulties and perils; but their sorrow arose not from a sense of the guilt so much as the sad effects of their perverse conduct; and "though they wept," they were not true penitents. So the Lord would not hearken to their voice, nor give ear unto them.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.