티스토리 뷰
■ 목차
├ 본문 보기
├ 주석 보기
└ 일러두기
| 한글듣기☞ | 영어듣기☞ |
■ 스가랴 12장
1. 이스라엘에 관한 여호와의 말씀의 경고라 여호와 곧 하늘을 펴시며 땅의 터를 세우시며 사람 안에 심령을 지으신 자가 가라사대
The burden of the word of the Lord for Israel , saith the Lord , which stretcheth forth the heavens , and layeth the foundation of the earth , and formeth the spirit of man within him.
2. 보라 내가 예루살렘으로 그 사면 국민에게 혼취케 하는 잔이 되게 할 것이라 예루살렘이 에워싸일 때에 유다에까지 미치리라
Behold, I will make Jerusalem a cup of trembling unto all the people round about , when they shall be in the siege both against Judah and against Jerusalem .
3. 그 날에는 내가 예루살렘으로 모든 국민에게 무거운 돌이 되게 하리니 무릇 그것을 드는 자는 크게 상할 것이라 천하 만국이 그것을 치려고 모이리라
And in that day will I make Jerusalem a burdensome stone for all people : all that burden themselves with it shall be cut in pieces , though all the people of the earth be gathered together against it.
4. 여호와가 말하노라 그 날에 내가 모든 말을 쳐서 놀라게 하며 그 탄 자를 쳐서 미치게 하되 유다 족속은 내가 돌아보고 모든 국민의 말을 쳐서 눈이 멀게 하리니
In that day , saith the Lord , I will smite every horse with astonishment , and his rider with madness : and I will open mine eyes upon the house of Judah , and will smite every horse of the people with blindness .
5. 유다의 두목들이 심중에 이르기를 예루살렘 거민이 그들의 하나님 만군의 여호와로 말미암아 힘을 얻었다 할지라
And the governors of Judah shall say in their heart , The inhabitants of Jerusalem shall be my strength in the Lord of hosts their God .
6. 그 날에 내가 유다 두목들로 나무 가운데 화로 같게 하며 곡식단 사이에 횃불 같게 하리니 그들이 그 좌우에 에워싼 모든 국민을 사를 것이요 예루살렘 사람은 다시 그 본 곳 예루살렘에 거하게 되리라
In that day will I make the governors of Judah like an hearth of fire among the wood , and like a torch of fire in a sheaf ; and they shall devour all the people round about , on the right hand and on the left : and Jerusalem shall be inhabited again in her own place, even in Jerusalem .
7. 여호와가 먼저 유다 장막을 구원하리니 이는 다윗의 집의 영광과 예루살렘 거민의 영광이 유다보다 더하지 못하게 하려 함이니라
The Lord also shall save the tents of Judah first , that the glory of the house of David and the glory of the inhabitants of Jerusalem do not magnify themselves against Judah .
8. 그 날에 여호와가 예루살렘 거민을 보호하리니 그 중에 약한 자가 그 날에는 다윗 같겠고 다윗의 족속은 하나님 같고 무리 앞에 있는 여호와의 사자 같을 것이라
In that day shall the Lord defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem ; and he that is feeble among them at that day shall be as David ; and the house of David shall be as God , as the angel of the Lord before them.
9. 예루살렘을 치러 오는 열국을 그 날에 내가 멸하기를 힘쓰리라
And it shall come to pass in that day , that I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem .
10. 내가 다윗의 집과 예루살렘 거민에게 은총과 간구하는 심령을 부어 주리니 그들이 그 찌른바 그를 바라보고 그를 위하여 애통하기를 독자를 위하여 애통하듯 하며 그를 위하여 통곡하기를 장자를 위하여 통곡하듯 하리로다
And I will pour upon the house of David , and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem , the spirit of grace and of supplications : and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced , and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn .
11. 그 날에 예루살렘에 큰 애통이 있으리니 므깃도 골짜기 하다드림몬에 있던 애통과 같을 것이라
In that day shall there be a great mourning in Jerusalem , as the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon .
12. 온 땅 각 족속이 따로 애통하되 다윗의 족속이 따로 하고 그 아내들이 따로 하며 나단의 족속이 따로 하고 그 아내들이 따로 하며
And the land shall mourn , every family apart ; the family of the house of David apart, and their wives apart; the family of the house of Nathan apart, and their wives apart;
13. 레위의 족속이 따로 하고 그 아내들이 따로 하며 시므이의 족속이 따로 하고 그 아내들이 따로 하며
The family of the house of Levi apart, and their wives apart; the family of Shimei apart, and their wives apart;
14. 모든 남은 족속도 각기 따로 하고 그 아내들이 따로 하리라
All the families that remain , every family apart, and their wives apart.
■ 주석 보기
【슥12:1 JFB】Z전12:1-14. Jerusalem the Instrument of Judgment on Her Foes Hereafter; Her Repentance and Restoration.
1. burden—"weighty prophecy"; fraught with destruction to Israel's foes; the expression may also refer to the distresses of Israel implied as about to precede the deliverance.
for Israel—concerning Israel [Maurer].
stretcheth forth—present; now, not merely "hath stretched forth," as if God only created and then left the universe to itself (요5:17). To remove all doubts of unbelief as to the possibility of Israel's deliverance, God prefaces the prediction by reminding us of His creative and sustaining power. Compare a similar preface in 사42:5; 43:1; 65:17, 18.
formeth … spirit of man—(민16:22; 히12:9).
【슥12:1 CWC】[END OF THE AGE AND THE OPENING OF THE MILLENNIUM]
It was stated that the first part of the book, chapters 1-8, referred chiefly, though not entirely, to the prophet's own time. The basis of all the prophecies in that part had a historical relation to the period then present. They were uttered, to encourage the people in rebuilding the temple. And yet there is not one of them that did not take cognizance of the far future. The discourses of this, the second part, deal almost entirely with the future.
It will aid in the understanding of these chapters if we recall a few historical facts. At the date of this book the Medo-Persian was the world-power to which the Jews were subject.
It was followed by the Greeks, and the Greeks by the Romans. During the Roman regime our Lord was crucified and Jerusalem destroyed. The present (i. e. our own time), is an interregnum so far as Jewish national history is concerned, which will continue till Israel is once more in Jerusalem, in covenant with Antichrist and about to pass through the tribulation prior to her final deliverance and blessing. Here are three periods in Jewish history which we may call, the Grecian, the Roman and the final periods. Zechariah, it is believed, treats of each of these in the chapters following.
1. The Grecian Period, 9-10.
You will recall from Daniel that this period begins with Alexander the Great, the notable horn between the eyes of the he-goat. When he crossed from Greece into Asia he swept down the Phoenician and Palestinian coast of the Mediterranean, besieging and capturing Damascus, Sidon, Tyre, Gaza and other cities in the south Philistine country. But he passed by Jerusalem more than once without doing it harm. The Jewish historian Josephus explains this by a dream the great monarch had, and which was fulfilled by the appearance to him at Jerusalem of the high priest and his train. However this may be, the opening verses of chapter 9 give us the prophetic outline of his career at this time. Read verses 1-7. For the deliverance of Jerusalem which occurred, read verse 8.
But now we come to a further illustration of the law of double reference, for the verse which speaks of the deliverance of Jerusalem from Alexander, speaks evidently of another deliverance which can only find fulfillment in the latter times. What shows that this deliverance, thus foreshadowed, is connected with the coming of Christ (9)? When were these words fulfilled at least in part? (마21:5). What shows that their complete fulfillment is reserved for the latter times, or Christ's second coming (10-11)?
Verses 13-17 are obscure, but thought to refer to the period of the Maccabees who delivered their people for a while from the yoke of the tyrant Antiochus Epiphanes B. C. 170, or thereabouts, while the Grecians represented by him were still in power. However this may be, it is evident from what follows that, as in so many other instances, this deliverance foreshadowed a greater and final one to come.
The Roman Period, 11.
Greek supremacy is at an end, and we have reached the Roman period culminating in the rejection by the Jews of the Son of God. The eleventh chapter opens with a scene of judgment (verses 1-6). Then follows the cause of it (verses 7-14). In verse 4 the prophet is commanded to do a symbolic act, and in verse 7 he is in the performance of it. What was this act? There will be little doubt after reading the context, that in this act he is the type of the Good Shepherd, Jesus Christ. Compare 마9:36, and John 10. What does the Shepherd carry with Him to guide and protect His flock? There is difficulty in the meaning of these staves unless we adopt that hinted at in verses 10 and 14, where "Beauty" seems to refer to the divine covenant, and "Bands" to the union between the ten tribes and the two.
Who are "cut off" in verse 8? It is supposed that these "three shepherds" "stand for the three classes of rulers that governed Israel," priests, prophets and lawyers, 렘2:8, 마16:21. Our Lord pronounced woes against them (Matthew 23), and when the city was destroyed their rule came to an end. What portion of the flock paid attention to and were fed by the shepherd (11)? Compare 마5:3, 11:25; 고전1:26-29. How does verse 12 point to the rejection of the Shepherd by the flock? What is foreshadowed in the next verse? Who is the prophet commanded to impersonate (15)? What person yet to come will answer the description in verses 16 and 17? Can this be any other ultimately than the Antichrist? Read 요5:43.
The Final Period, 12-14.
The prophecies in this section of the book are to be fulfilled at the end period frequently referred to. It is the time when Israel is once more in Jerusalem in the national sense, though at first in an unconverted condition.
We saw in Daniel that the Antichrist would at this time enter into covenant with Israel, and afterwards (in the middle of the last seven years), break that covenant. Then "the time of Jacob's trouble" begins, the nature of which will in part be the combination of the Gentile nations, i. e., the Roman world, against it. Antichrist will be at the head of this combination if we may judge from a comparison of Daniel with Revelation. It is at this point, when the nations are besieging the Holy City, that the "burden of the Word of the LORD" begins (12:1, 2).
We can not outline these chapters in detail, nor is it necessary for those who have perused the earlier prophets in connection with these lessons. A hint here and there will suffice. For example, in this siege Jerusalem will for the first time be victorious (12:2, 3); the victory, however, will be of a supernatural character (4-8, R. V.); the conversion of the nation will accompany it (10), al아13:1, and it will take place coincident with the great tribulation (13:8, 9, 14:1-3); Christ shall appear to them (14:4); the earth will rejoice (9); and especially Judah and Jerusalem (10, 11); their enemies will be punished, and the millennium will have begun (16, and the following verses).
【슥12:1 MHCC】Here is a Divine prediction, which will be a heavy burden to all the enemies of the church. But it is for Israel; for their comfort and benefit. It is promised that God will make foolish the counsels, and weaken the courage of the enemies of the church. The exact meaning is not clear; but God often begins by calling the poor and despised; and in that day even the feeblest will resemble David, and be as eminent in courage and every thing good. Desirable indeed is it that the examples and labours of Christians should render them as fire among wood, as a torch in a sheaf, to kindle the flame of Divine love, to spread religion on the right hand and on the left.
【슥12:2 JFB】2. cup of trembling—a cup causing those who drink it to reel (from a Hebrew root "to reel"). Jerusalem, who drank the "cup of trembling" herself, shall be so to her foes (사51:17, 22; 렘13:13). Calvin with the Septuagint translates, "threshold of destruction," on which they shall stumble and be crushed when they attempt to cross it. English Version is better.
both against Judah—The Hebrew order of words is literally, "And also against Judah shall he (the foe) be in the siege against Jerusalem"; implying virtually that Judah, as it shares the invasion along with Jerusalem, so it shall, like the metropolis, prove a cup of trembling to the invaders. Maurer with Jerome translates, "Also upon Judah shall be (the cup of trembling); that is, some Jews forced by the foe shall join in the assault on Jerusalem, and shall share the overthrow with the besiegers. But Z전12:6, 7 show that Judah escapes and proves the scourge of the foe.
【슥12:3 JFB】3. (Z전14:4, 6-9, 13). Jerome states it was a custom in Palestine to test the strength of youths by their lifting up a massive stone; the phrase, "burden themselves with it," refers to this custom. Compare 마21:44: The Jews "fell" on the rock of offense, Messiah, and were "broken"; but the rock shall fall on Antichrist, who "burdens himself with it" by his assault on the restored Jews, and "grind him to powder."
all … people of … earth—The Antichristian confederacy against the Jews shall be almost universal.
【슥12:4 JFB】4. I will smite … horse—The arm of attack especially formidable to Judah, who was unprovided with cavalry. So in the overthrow of Pharaoh (출15:19, 21).
open mine eyes upon … Judah—to watch over Judah's safety. Heretofore Jehovah seemed to have shut His eyes, as having no regard for her.
blindness—so as to rush headlong on to their own ruin (compare Z전14:12, 13).
【슥12:5 JFB】5. shall say—when they see the foe divinely smitten with "madness."
Judah … Jerusalem—here distinguished as the country and the metropolis. Judah recognizes her "strength" to be "Jerusalem and its inhabitants" as the instrument, and "Jehovah of hosts their God" (dwelling especially there) as the author of all power (Joe 3:16). My strength is the inhabitants of Jerusalem, who have the Lord their God as their help. The repulse of the foe by the metropolis shall assure the Jews of the country that the same divine aid shall save them.
【슥12:6 JFB】6. On "governors of Judah," see on Z전9:7.
hearth—or pan.
torch … in a sheaf—Though small, it shall consume the many foes around. One prophet supplements the other. Thus 사29:1-24; Joe 3:1-21; Z전12:1-14:21, describe more Antichrist's army than himself. Daniel represents him as a horn growing out of the fourth beast or fourth kingdom; St. John, as a separate beast having an individual existence. Daniel dwells on his worldly conquests as a king; St. John, more on his spiritual tyranny, whence he adds a second beast, the false prophet coming in a semblance of spirituality. What is briefly described by one is more fully prophesied by the other [Roos].
【슥12:7 JFB】7. Judah is to be "first saved," because of her meek acknowledgment of dependence on Jerusalem, subordinate to Jehovah's aid.
tents—shifting and insecure, as contrasted with the solid fortifications of Judah. But God chooses the weak to confound the mighty, that all human glorying may be set aside.
【슥12:8 JFB】8. Jerusalem, however, also shall be specially strengthened against the foe.
feeble … shall be as David—to the Jew, the highest type of strength and glory on earth (삼하17:8; 18:3; Joe 3:10).
angel of the Lord before them—the divine angel that went "before them" through the desert, the highest type of strength and glory in heaven (출23:20; 32:34). "The house of David" is the "prince," and his family sprung from David (겔45:7, 9). David's house was then in a comparatively weak state.
【슥12:9 JFB】9. I will seek to destroy—I will set Myself with determined earnestness to destroy, etc. (학2:22).
【슥12:9 MHCC】The day here spoken of, is the day of Jerusalem's defence and deliverance, that glorious day when God will appear for the salvation of his people. In Christ's first coming he bruised the serpent's head, and broke all the powers of darkness that fought against God's kingdom among men. In his second coming he will complete their destruction, when he shall put down all opposing rule, principality, and power; and death itself shall be swallowed up in that victory. The Holy Spirit is gracious and merciful, and is the Author of all grace or holiness. He, also, is the Spirit of supplications, and shows men their ignorance, want, guilt, misery, and danger. At the time here foretold, the Jews will know who the crucified Jesus was; then they shall look by faith to him, and mourn with the deepest sorrow, not only in public, but in private, even each one separately. There is a holy mourning, the effect of the pouring out of the Spirit; a mourning for sin, which quickens faith in Christ, and qualifies for joy in God. This mourning is a fruit of the Spirit of grace, a proof of a work of grace in the soul, and of the Spirit of supplications. It is fulfilled in all who sorrow for sin after a godly sort; they look to Christ crucified, and mourn for him. Looking by faith upon the cross of Christ will cause us to mourn for sin after a godly sort.
【슥12:10 JFB】10. Future conversion of the Jews is to flow from an extraordinary outpouring of the Holy Spirit (렘31:9, 31-34; 겔39:29).
spirit of grace … supplications—"spirit" is here not the spirit produced, but THE Holy Spiritproducing a "gracious" disposition, and inclination for "supplications." Calvin explains "spirit of grace" as the grace of God itself (whereby He "pours" out His bowels of mercy), "conjoined with the sense of it in man's heart." The "spirit of supplications" is the mercury whose rise or fall is an unerring test of the state of the Church [Moore]. In Hebrew, "grace" and "supplications" are kindred terms; translate, therefore, "gracious supplications." The plural implies suppliant prayers "without ceasing." Herein not merely external help against the foe, as before, but internal grace is promised subsequently.
look upon me—with profoundly earnest regard, as the Messiah whom they so long denied.
pierced—implying Messiah's humanity: as "I will pour … spirit" implies His divinity.
look … mourn—True repentance arises from the sight by faith of the crucified Saviour. It is the tear that drops from the eye of faith looking on Him. Terror only produces remorse. The true penitent weeps over his sins in love to Him who in love has suffered for them.
me … him—The change of person is due to Jehovah-Messiah speaking in His own person first, then the prophet speaking of Him. The Jews, to avoid the conclusion that He whom they have "pierced" is Jehovah-Messiah, who says, "I will pour out … spirit," altered "me" into "him," and represent the "pierced" one to be Messiah Ben (son of) Joseph, who was to suffer in the battle with Cog, before Messiah Ben David should come to reign. But Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic oppose this; and the ancient Jews interpreted it of Messiah. 시22:16 also refers to His being "pierced." So 요19:37; 계1:7. The actual piercing of His side was the culminating point of all their insulting treatment of Him. The act of the Roman soldier who pierced Him was their act (마27:25), and is so accounted here in Zechariah. The Hebrew word is always used of a literal piercing (so Z전13:3); not of a metaphorical piercing, "insulted," as Maurer and other Rationalists (from the Septuagint) represent.
as one mourneth for … son—(렘6:26; 암8:10). A proverbial phrase peculiarly forcible among the Jews, who felt childlessness as a curse and dishonor. Applied with peculiar propriety to mourning for Messiah, "the first-born among many brethren" (롬8:29).
【슥12:11 JFB】11. As in Z전12:10 the bitterness of their mourning is illustrated by a private case of mourning, so in this verse by a public one, the greatest recorded in Jewish history, that for the violent death in battle with Pharaoh-necho of the good King Josiah, whose reign had been the only gleam of brightness for the period from Hezekiah to the downfall of the state; lamentations were written by Jeremiah for the occasion (왕하23:29, 30; 대하35:22-27).
Hadad-rimmon—a place or city in the great plain of Esdraelon, the battlefield of many a conflict, near Megiddo; called so from the Syrian idol Rimmon. Hadad also was the name of the sun, a chief god of the Syrians [Macrobius, Saturnalia, 1.23].
【슥12:12 JFB】12-14. A universal and an individual mourning at once.
David … Nathan—representing the highest and lowest of the royal order. Nathan, not the prophet, but a younger son of David (삼하5:14; Lu 3:31).
apart—Retirement and seclusion are needful for deep personal religion.
wives apart—Jewish females worship separately from the males (출15:1, 20).
【슥12:13 JFB】13. Levi … Shimei—the highest and lowest of the priestly order (민3:18, 21). Their example and that of the royal order would of course influence the rest.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.