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■ 여호수아 5장
1. 요단 서편의 아모리 사람의 모든 왕과 해변의 가나안 사람의 모든 왕이 여호와께서 요단 물을 이스라엘 자손들 앞에서 말리시고 우리를 건네셨음을 듣고 마음이 녹았고 이스라엘 자손들의 연고로 정신을 잃었더라
And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites , which were on the side of Jordan westward , and all the kings of the Canaanites , which were by the sea , heard that the Lord had dried up the waters of Jordan from before the children of Israel , until we were passed over , that their heart melted , neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel .
2. 그때에 여호와께서 여호수아에게 이르시되 너는 부싯돌로 칼을 만들어 이스라엘 자손들에게 다시 할례를 행하라 하시매
At that time the Lord said unto Joshua , Make thee sharp knives , and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time .
3. 여호수아가 부싯돌로 칼을 만들어 할례산에서 이스라엘 자손들에게 할례를 행하니라
And Joshua made him sharp knives , and circumcised the children of Israel at the hill of the foreskins .
4. 여호수아가 할례를 시행한 까닭은 이것이니 애굽에서 나온 모든 백성 중 남자 곧 모든 군사는 애굽에서 나온 후 광야 노중에서 죽었는데
And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise : All the people that came out of Egypt , that were males , even all the men of war , died in the wilderness by the way , after they came out of Egypt .
5. 그 나온 백성은 다 할례를 받았으나 오직 애굽에서 나온 후 광야 노중에서 난 자는 할례를 받지 못하였음이라
Now all the people that came out were circumcised : but all the people that were born in the wilderness by the way as they came forth out of Egypt , them they had not circumcised .
6. 이스라엘 자손들이 여호와의 말씀을 청종치 아니하므로 여호와께서 그들에게 대하여 맹세하사 그들의 열조에게 맹세하여 우리에게 주마 하신 땅 곧 젖과 꿀이 흐르는 땅을 그들로 보지 못하게 하리라 하시매 애굽에서 나온 족속 곧 군사들이 다 멸절하기까지 사십 년 동안을 광야에 행하였더니
For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness , till all the people that were men of war , which came out of Egypt , were consumed , because they obeyed not the voice of the Lord : unto whom the Lord sware that he would not shew them the land , which the Lord sware unto their fathers that he would give us, a land that floweth with milk and honey .
7. 그들의 대를 잇게 하신 이 자손에게 여호수아가 할례를 행하였으니 길에서는 그들에게 할례를 행치 못하였으므로 할례 없는 자가 되었음이었더라
And their children , whom he raised up in their stead, them Joshua circumcised : for they were uncircumcised , because they had not circumcised them by the way .
8. 온 백성에게 할례 행하기를 필하매 백성이 진중 각 처소에 처하여 낫기를 기다릴 때에
And it came to pass, when they had done circumcising all the people , that they abode in their places in the camp , till they were whole .
9. 여호와께서 여호수아에게 이르시되 내가 오늘날 애굽의 수치를 너희에게서 굴러가게 하였다 하셨으므로 그 곳 이름을 오늘까지 길갈이라 하느니라
And the Lord said unto Joshua , This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. Wherefore the name of the place is called Gilgal unto this day .
10. 이스라엘 자손들이 길갈에 진 쳤고 그 달 십사일 저녁에는 여리고 평지에서 유월절을 지켰고
And the children of Israel encamped in Gilgal , and kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at even in the plains of Jericho .
11. 유월절 이튿날에 그 땅 소산을 먹되 그 날에 무교병과 볶은 곡식을 먹었더니
And they did eat of the old corn of the land on the morrow after the passover , unleavened cakes , and parched corn in the selfsame day .
12. 그 땅 소산을 먹은 다음 날에 만나가 그쳤으니 이스라엘 사람들이 다시는 만나를 얻지 못하였고 그 해에 가나안 땅의 열매를 먹었더라
And the manna ceased on the morrow after they had eaten of the old corn of the land ; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year .

13. 여호수아가 여리고에 가까웠을 때에 눈을 들어 본즉 한 사람이 칼을 빼어 손에 들고 마주 섰는지라 여호수아가 나아가서 그에게 묻되 너는 우리를 위하느냐 우리의 대적을 위하느냐
And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho , that he lifted up his eyes and looked , and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand : and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries ?
14. 그가 가로되 아니라 나는 여호와의 군대 장관으로 이제 왔느니라 여호수아가 땅에 엎드려 절하고 가로되 나의 주여 종에게 무슨 말씀을 하려 하시나이까
And he said , Nay; but as captain of the host of the Lord am I now come . And Joshua fell on his face to the earth , and did worship , and said unto him, What saith my lord unto his servant ?
15. 여호와의 군대 장관이 여호수아에게 이르되 네 발에서 신을 벗으라 네가 선 곳은 거룩하니라 여호수아가 그대로 행하니라
And the captain of the Lord’s host said unto Joshua , Loose thy shoe from off thy foot ; for the place whereon thou standest is holy . And Joshua did so.
■ 주석 보기
【수5:1 JFB】수5:1. The Canaanites Afraid.
1. the kings of the Amorites, which were on the side of Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, which were by the sea—Under the former designation were included the people who inhabited the mountainous region, and under the latter those who were on the seacoast of Palestine.
heard that the Lord had dried up the waters of Jordan … that their heart melted—They had probably reckoned on the swollen river interposing for a time a sure barrier of defense. But seeing it had been completely dried up, they were completely paralyzed by so incontestable a proof that God was on the side of the invaders. In fact, the conquest had already begun in the total prostration of spirit among the native chiefs. "Their heart melted," but unhappily not into faith and penitent submission.
【수5:1 CWC】[JORDAN CROSSED]
1. Preparation of the People, 3:1-13.
The events in this section are the removal to Shittim and the encampment there (v. 1); directions about the leadership of the priests (vv. 2-4); sanctification of the people (v. 5); encouragement of Joshua (vv. 7-8); encouragement of the people (vv. 9-13).
There is little requiring explanation, but notice in v. 4 the care God took for the people's guidance and the occasion for it. And as not forget the obedience required if the guidance were to prove effectual. All these things have their spiritual lessons and were "written for our ensamples."
Notice in v. 5 the forerunner of divine wonders. When we sanctify ourselves by putting away all known sin, God does wonders among us. Notice the demand for faith, "tomorrow" He will do it.
Notice in v. 7 how God removes all apprehension from Joshua so far as the allegiance of the people is concerned. They will follow him because God will put His honor upon him as upon his predecessor. When God calls a man into His service He equips him for it, and makes it so plain that His people recognize it and submit themselves to his leadership (cp. 4:14).
Notice in vv. 9-13 that presumably the people had no knowledge how they were to cross the river till just before the event. These words of Joshua therefore, with the miraculous result, must have greatly confirmed their faith in Jehovah as unlike the idols of the nations round about.
2. The Division of the Waters, 3:14-17.
What play for the imagination here: "As the feet of the priests were dipped in the brim (brink) of the water"! Not a minute before, but just then "the waters which came down from above stood and rose up upon an heap." Read the comment in Psalm 114.
All the more marvelous because it was the time that Jordan overflowed its banks (v. 15), i. e. about our April or May, the period of the early harvest in that land. The river about Jericho is ordinarily only about 150 to 180 feet across, but at this time it was twice as broad, as well as deep and rapid.
The city of Adam beside Zaretan (v. 16) is about 30 miles north. There the river suddenly stayed and the waters gathered into a heap. From that point downward being no longer supplied from above, they began to fail, and hurrying towards the Dead Sea were swallowed up. The river-bed for miles was dry, it has a pebbly bottom there, and the people "passed over right against Jericho."
3. The Memorial Stones, 4:1-9.
Observe that v. 2 is a repetition of 3:12, indicating that these 12 men had been chosen previously for this service, though only now had they been made acquainted with its nature. That nature is described in the verses following. Verses 19 and 20 show where the stones were placed.
Observe their purpose (vv. 6-7). A common mode in earlier times of remembering remarkable events. No inscription need have been placed upon them, as tradition would hand down the story from age to age.
Observe that another set of stones was set up elsewhere (v. 9). "Unto this day" means when the record was made in the book, which may have been in Joshua's own time and by him, or at a later time by some other hand.
4. The Circumcision and the Passover, 5:2-12.
The reason for this circumcision is in vv. 2-7, but the moral effect of it is stated in v. 9.
The observance of the Passover at the time fixed by the law (v. 10, see marginal references) was another evidence that the national existence was recommenced, and it was appropriate that the manna should cease at this time and the new chapter of their history begin with a new dietetic regimen.
"The old corn of the land" seems to mean that found in the storehouses of Gilgal and its neighborhood on which they levied. The fact that the manna ceased at this time when they no longer needed it, is a further proof of its miraculous provision in the wilderness.
5. The Lord of Hosts, vv. 13-15.
This occurrence is another of the theophanies, a subject on which we have commented. "Theophany" means a manifestation of God to men by actual appearance. It might be called a "Christophany" or manifestation of Christ, for all such appearances in the Old Testament were those of the Second Person of the Trinity.
We are impressed with the intrepidity of Joshua, suggesting a supernatural enduement of courage (v. 13). We are impressed, too, with the warlike appearance and the warlike declaration of his divine visitor. As before stated, men ask in ignorance whether war is ever justifiable . Let them remember that the Lord is a God of war, and that until His enemies are subdued war will never end. In the present instance everything betokens heaven's approval of this war of invasion. Only a weak apprehension of sin, and of the divine character, can argue otherwise.
Observe the evidences of the deity of this Person -- His name. His acceptance of worship. His command and the reason for it. The place of His appearance was Gilgal, part of accursed Canaan, and yet His presence made it holy (v. 15).
【수5:1 MHCC】How dreadful is their case, who see the wrath of God advancing towards them, without being able to turn it aside, or escape it! Such will be the horrible situation of the wicked; nor can words express the anguish of their feelings, or the greatness of their terror. Oh that they would now take warning, and before it be too late, flee for refuge to lay hold upon that hope set before them in the gospel! God impressed these fears on the Canaanites, and dispirited them. This gave a short rest to the Israelites, and circumcision rolled away the reproach of Egypt. They were hereby owned to be the free-born children of God, having the seal of the covenant. When God glorifies himself in perfecting the salvation of his people, he not only silences all enemies, but rolls back their reproaches upon themselves.
【수5:2 JFB】수5:2-12. Circumcision Is Renewed.
2. At that time—on the encampment being made after the passage.
the Lord said unto Joshua, Make thee sharp knives—Stone knives, collect and make them ready. Flints have been used in the early times of all people; and although the use of iron was known to the Hebrews in the days of Joshua, probably the want of a sufficient number of metallic implements dictated the employment of flints on this occasion (compare 출4:25).
circumcise again the children of Israel the second time—literally, "return and circumcise." The command did not require him to repeat the operation on those who had undergone it, but to resume the observance of the rite, which had been long discontinued. The language, however, evidently points to a general circumcising on some previous occasion, which, though unrecorded, must have been made before the celebration of the passover at Sinai (compare 출12:48; 민9:5), as a mixed multitude accompanied the camp. "The second time" of general circumcising was at the entrance into Canaan.
【수5:3 JFB】3. at the hill—probably one of the argillaceous hills that form the highest terrace of the Jordan, on a rising ground at the palm forest.
【수5:4 JFB】4-7. this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise—The omission to circumcise the children born in the wilderness might have been owing to the incessant movements of the people; but it is most generally thought that the true cause was a temporary suspension of the covenant with the unbelieving race who, being rejected of the Lord, were doomed to perish in the wilderness, and whose children had to bear the iniquity of their fathers (민14:33), though, as the latter were to be brought into the promised land, the covenant would be renewed with them.
【수5:8 JFB】8. when they had done circumcising all the people—As the number of those born in the wilderness and uncircumcised must have been immense, a difficulty is apt to be felt how the rite could have been performed on such a multitude in so short a time. But it has been calculated that the proportion between those already circumcised (under twenty when the doom was pronounced) and those to be circumcised, was one to four, and consequently the whole ceremony could easily have been performed in a day. Circumcision being the sign and seal of the covenant, its performance was virtually an investment in the promised land, and its being delayed till their actual entrance into the country was a wise and gracious act on the part of God, who postponed this trying duty till the hearts of the people, animated by the recent astonishing miracle, were prepared to obey the divine will.
they abode in their places … till they were whole—It is calculated that, of those who did not need to be circumcised, more than fifty thousand were left to defend the camp if an attack had been then made upon it.
【수5:9 JFB】9. the Lord said unto Joshua, This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt—The taunts industriously cast by that people upon Israel as nationally rejected by God by the cessation of circumcision and the renewal of that rite was a practical announcement of the restoration of the covenant [Keil].
Gilgal—No trace either of the name or site is now to be found; but it was about two miles from Jericho [Josephus], and well suited for an encampment by the advantages of shade and water. It was the first place pronounced "holy" in the Holy Land (수5:15).
【수5:10 JFB】10. kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at even—The time fixed by the law (see on 출12:17; 레23:5; 민28:16). Thus the national existence was commenced by a solemn act of religious dedication.
【수5:10 MHCC】A solemn passover was kept, at the time appointed by the law, in the plains of Jericho, in defiance of the Canaanites round about them. It was a performance of the promise, that when they went up to keep the feasts, their land should be under the special protection of the Divine providence, 출34:24. Notice is taken of the ceasing of the manna as soon as they had eaten the old corn of the land. For as it came just when they needed, so it continued as long as they needed it. This teaches us not to expect supplies by miracles, when they may be had in a common way. The word and ordinances of God are spiritual manna, with which God nourishes his people in this wilderness. Though often forfeited, yet they are continued while we are here; but when we come to the heavenly Canaan, this manna will cease, for we shall no longer need it.
【수5:11 JFB】11, 12. And they did eat of the old corn of the land—found in storehouses of the inhabitants who had fled into Jericho.
parched corn—new grain (see on 레23:10), probably lying in the fields. Roasted—a simple and primitive preparation, much liked in the East. This abundance of food led to the discontinuance of the manna; and the fact of its then ceasing, viewed in connection with its seasonable appearance in the barren wilderness, is a striking proof of its miraculous origin.
【수5:13 JFB】수5:13-15. An Angel Appears to Joshua.
13. when Joshua was by Jericho—in the immediate vicinity of that city, probably engaged in surveying the fortifications, and in meditating the best plan of a siege.
there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn—It is evident from the strain of the context that this was not a mere vision, but an actual appearance; the suddenness of which surprised, but did not daunt, the intrepid leader.
【수5:13 MHCC】We read not of any appearance of God's glory to Joshua till now. There appeared to him one as a man to be noticed. This Man was the Son of God, the eternal Word. Joshua gave him Divine honours: he received them, which a created angel would not have done, and he is called Jehovah, chap. 6:2. To Abraham he appeared as a traveller; to Joshua as a man of war. Christ will be to his people what their faith needs. Christ had his sword drawn, which encouraged Joshua to carry on the war with vigour. Christ's sword drawn in his hand, denotes how ready he is for the defence and salvation of his people. His sword turns every way. Joshua will know whether he is a friend or a foe. The cause between the Israelites and Canaanites, between Christ and Beelzebub, will not admit of any man's refusing to take one part or the other, as he may do in worldly contests. Joshua's inquiry shows an earnest desire to know the will of Christ, and a cheerful readiness and resolution to do it. All true Christians must fight under Christ's banner, and they will conquer by his presence and assistance.
【수5:14 JFB】14. the host of the Lord—either the Israelitish people (출7:4; 12:41; 사55:4), or the angels (시148:2), or both included, and the Captain of it was the angel of the covenant, whose visible manifestations were varied according to the occasion. His attitude of equipment betokened his approval of, and interest in, the war of invasion.
Joshua fell on his face …, and did worship—The adoption by Joshua of this absolute form of prostration demonstrates the sentiments of profound reverence with which the language and majestic bearing of the stranger inspired him. The real character of this personage was disclosed by His accepting the homage of worship (compare 행10:25, 26; 계19:10), and still further in the command, "Loose thy shoe from off thy foot" (출3:5).
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