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■ 여호수아 4장
1. 온 백성이 요단 건너기를 마치매 여호와께서 여호수아에게 일러 가라사대
And it came to pass, when all the people were clean passed over Jordan , that the Lord spake unto Joshua , saying ,
2. 백성의 매 지파에 한 사람씩 열두 사람을 택하고
Take you twelve men out of the people , out of every tribe a man ,
3. 그들에게 명하여 이르기를 요단 가운데 제사장들의 발이 굳게 선 그곳에서 돌 열둘을 취하고 그것을 가져다가 오늘밤 너희의 유숙할 그 곳에 두라 하라
And command ye them, saying , Take you hence out of the midst of Jordan , out of the place where the priests’ feet stood firm , twelve stones , and ye shall carry them over with you, and leave them in the lodging place , where ye shall lodge this night .
4. 여호수아가 이스라엘 자손 중에서 매 지파에 한 사람씩 예비한 그 열두 사람을 불러서
Then Joshua called the twelve men , whom he had prepared of the children of Israel , out of every tribe a man :
5. 그들에게 이르되 요단 가운데 너희 하나님 여호와의 궤 앞으로 들어가서 이스라엘 자손들의 지파 수대로 각기 돌 한 개씩 취하여 어깨에 메라
And Joshua said unto them, Pass over before the ark of the Lord your God into the midst of Jordan , and take ye up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder , according unto the number of the tribes of the children of Israel :
6. 이것이 너희 중에 표징이 되리라 후일에 너희 자손이 물어 가로되 이 돌들은 무슨 뜻이뇨 하거든
That this may be a sign among you, that when your children ask their fathers in time to come , saying , What mean ye by these stones ?
7. 그들에게 이르기를 요단 물이 여호와의 언약궤 앞에서 끊어졌었나니 곧 언약궤가 요단을 건널 때에 요단 물이 끊어졌으므로 이 돌들이 이스라엘 자손에게 영영한 기념이 되리라 하라
Then ye shall answer them, That the waters of Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the Lord ; when it passed over Jordan , the waters of Jordan were cut off : and these stones shall be for a memorial unto the children of Israel for ever .
8. 이스라엘 자손들이 여호수아의 명한 대로 행하되 여호와께서 여호수아에게 이르신 대로 이스라엘 자손들의 지파 수를 따라 요단 가운데서 돌 열둘을 취하여 자기들의 유숙할 곳으로 가져다가 거기 두었더라
And the children of Israel did so as Joshua commanded , and took up twelve stones out of the midst of Jordan , as the Lord spake unto Joshua , according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel , and carried them over with them unto the place where they lodged , and laid them down there.
9. 여호수아가 또 요단 가운데 곧 언약궤를 멘 제사장들의 발이 선 곳에 돌 열둘을 세웠더니 오늘까지 거기 있더라
And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of Jordan , in the place where the feet of the priests which bare the ark of the covenant stood : and they are there unto this day .
10. 궤를 멘 제사장들이 여호와께서 여호수아에게 명하사 백성에게 이르게 하신 일 곧 모세가 여호수아에게 명한 일이 다 마치기까지 요단 가운데 섰고 백성은 속히 건넜으며
For the priests which bare the ark stood in the midst of Jordan , until every thing was finished that the Lord commanded Joshua to speak unto the people , according to all that Moses commanded Joshua : and the people hasted and passed over .
11. 모든 백성이 건너기를 마친 후에 여호와의 궤와 제사장들이 백성의 목전에서 건넜으며
And it came to pass, when all the people were clean passed over , that the ark of the Lord passed over , and the priests , in the presence of the people .
12. 르우벤 자손과 갓 자손과 므낫세 반 지파는 모세가 그들에게 이른 것 같이 무장하고 이스라엘 자손들보다 앞서 건너갔으니
And the children of Reuben , and the children of Gad , and half the tribe of Manasseh , passed over armed before the children of Israel , as Moses spake unto them:
13. 사만 명 가량이라 무장하고 여호와 앞에서 건너가서 싸우려고 여리고 평지에 이르니라
About forty thousand prepared for war passed over before the Lord unto battle , to the plains of Jericho .
14. 그 날에 여호와께서 모든 이스라엘의 목전에서 여호수아를 크게 하시매 그의 생존한 날 동안에 백성이 두려워하기를 모세를 두려워하던 것 같이 하였더라
On that day the Lord magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel ; and they feared him, as they feared Moses , all the days of his life .
15. 여호와께서 여호수아에게 일러 가라사대
And the Lord spake unto Joshua , saying ,
16. 증거궤를 멘 제사장들을 명하여 요단에서 올라오게 하라 하신지라
Command the priests that bear the ark of the testimony , that they come up out of Jordan .
17. 여호수아가 제사장들에게 명하여 요단에서 올라오라 하매
Joshua therefore commanded the priests , saying , Come ye up out of Jordan .
18. 여호와의 언약궤를 멘 제사장들이 요단 가운데서 나오며 그 발바닥으로 육지를 밟는 동시에 요단 물이 본 곳으로 도로 흘러 여전히 언덕에 넘쳤더라
And it came to pass, when the priests that bare the ark of the covenant of the Lord were come up out of the midst of Jordan , and the soles of the priests’ feet were lifted up unto the dry land , that the waters of Jordan returned unto their place , and flowed over all his banks , as they did before .
19. 정월 십일에 백성이 요단에서 올라와서 여리고 동편 지경 길갈에 진 치매
And the people came up out of Jordan on the tenth day of the first month , and encamped in Gilgal , in the east border of Jericho .
20. 여호수아가 그 요단에서 가져온 열두 돌을 길갈에 세우고
And those twelve stones , which they took out of Jordan , did Joshua pitch in Gilgal .
21. 이스라엘 자손들에게 일러 가로되 후일에 너희 자손이 그 아비에게 묻기를 이 돌은 무슨 뜻이냐 하거든
And he spake unto the children of Israel , saying , When your children shall ask their fathers in time to come , saying , What mean these stones ?
22. 너희는 자손에게 알게 하여 이르기를 이스라엘이 마른 땅을 밟고 이 요단을 건넜음이라
Then ye shall let your children know , saying , Israel came over this Jordan on dry land .
23. 너희 하나님 여호와께서 요단 물을 너희 앞에 마르게 하사 너희로 건너게 하신 것이 너희 하나님 여호와께서 우리 앞에 홍해를 말리시고 우리로 건너게 하심과 같았나니
For the Lord your God dried up the waters of Jordan from before you, until ye were passed over , as the Lord your God did to the Red sea , which he dried up from before us, until we were gone over :
24. 이는 땅의 모든 백성으로 여호와의 손이 능하심을 알게 하며 너희로 너희 하나님 여호와를 영원토록 경외하게 하려 하심이라 하라
That all the people of the earth might know the hand of the Lord , that it is mighty : that ye might fear the Lord your God for ever .
■ 주석 보기
【수4:1 JFB】수4:1-8. Twelve Stones Taken for a Memorial Out of Jordan.
1-3. the Lord spake unto Joshua, Take you twelve men—each representing a tribe. They had been previously chosen for this service (수3:12), and the repetition of the command is made here solely to introduce the account of its execution. Though Joshua had been divinely instructed to erect a commemorative pile, the representatives were not apprised of the work they were to do till the time of the passage.
【수4:1 CWC】[JORDAN CROSSED]
1. Preparation of the People, 3:1-13.
The events in this section are the removal to Shittim and the encampment there (v. 1); directions about the leadership of the priests (vv. 2-4); sanctification of the people (v. 5); encouragement of Joshua (vv. 7-8); encouragement of the people (vv. 9-13).
There is little requiring explanation, but notice in v. 4 the care God took for the people's guidance and the occasion for it. And as not forget the obedience required if the guidance were to prove effectual. All these things have their spiritual lessons and were "written for our ensamples."
Notice in v. 5 the forerunner of divine wonders. When we sanctify ourselves by putting away all known sin, God does wonders among us. Notice the demand for faith, "tomorrow" He will do it.
Notice in v. 7 how God removes all apprehension from Joshua so far as the allegiance of the people is concerned. They will follow him because God will put His honor upon him as upon his predecessor. When God calls a man into His service He equips him for it, and makes it so plain that His people recognize it and submit themselves to his leadership (cp. 4:14).
Notice in vv. 9-13 that presumably the people had no knowledge how they were to cross the river till just before the event. These words of Joshua therefore, with the miraculous result, must have greatly confirmed their faith in Jehovah as unlike the idols of the nations round about.
2. The Division of the Waters, 3:14-17.
What play for the imagination here: "As the feet of the priests were dipped in the brim (brink) of the water"! Not a minute before, but just then "the waters which came down from above stood and rose up upon an heap." Read the comment in Psalm 114.
All the more marvelous because it was the time that Jordan overflowed its banks (v. 15), i. e. about our April or May, the period of the early harvest in that land. The river about Jericho is ordinarily only about 150 to 180 feet across, but at this time it was twice as broad, as well as deep and rapid.
The city of Adam beside Zaretan (v. 16) is about 30 miles north. There the river suddenly stayed and the waters gathered into a heap. From that point downward being no longer supplied from above, they began to fail, and hurrying towards the Dead Sea were swallowed up. The river-bed for miles was dry, it has a pebbly bottom there, and the people "passed over right against Jericho."
3. The Memorial Stones, 4:1-9.
Observe that v. 2 is a repetition of 3:12, indicating that these 12 men had been chosen previously for this service, though only now had they been made acquainted with its nature. That nature is described in the verses following. Verses 19 and 20 show where the stones were placed.
Observe their purpose (vv. 6-7). A common mode in earlier times of remembering remarkable events. No inscription need have been placed upon them, as tradition would hand down the story from age to age.
Observe that another set of stones was set up elsewhere (v. 9). "Unto this day" means when the record was made in the book, which may have been in Joshua's own time and by him, or at a later time by some other hand.
4. The Circumcision and the Passover, 5:2-12.
The reason for this circumcision is in vv. 2-7, but the moral effect of it is stated in v. 9.
The observance of the Passover at the time fixed by the law (v. 10, see marginal references) was another evidence that the national existence was recommenced, and it was appropriate that the manna should cease at this time and the new chapter of their history begin with a new dietetic regimen.
"The old corn of the land" seems to mean that found in the storehouses of Gilgal and its neighborhood on which they levied. The fact that the manna ceased at this time when they no longer needed it, is a further proof of its miraculous provision in the wilderness.
5. The Lord of Hosts, vv. 13-15.
This occurrence is another of the theophanies, a subject on which we have commented. "Theophany" means a manifestation of God to men by actual appearance. It might be called a "Christophany" or manifestation of Christ, for all such appearances in the Old Testament were those of the Second Person of the Trinity.
We are impressed with the intrepidity of Joshua, suggesting a supernatural enduement of courage (v. 13). We are impressed, too, with the warlike appearance and the warlike declaration of his divine visitor. As before stated, men ask in ignorance whether war is ever justifiable . Let them remember that the Lord is a God of war, and that until His enemies are subdued war will never end. In the present instance everything betokens heaven's approval of this war of invasion. Only a weak apprehension of sin, and of the divine character, can argue otherwise.
Observe the evidences of the deity of this Person -- His name. His acceptance of worship. His command and the reason for it. The place of His appearance was Gilgal, part of accursed Canaan, and yet His presence made it holy (v. 15).
【수4:1 MHCC】The works of the Lord are so worthy of rememberance, and the heart of man is so prone to forget them, that various methods are needful to refresh our memories, for the glory of God, our advantage, and that of our children. God gave orders for preparing this memorial.
【수4:4 JFB】4, 5. Joshua called the twelve men—They had probably, from a feeling of reverence, kept back, and were standing on the eastern bank. They were now ordered to advance. Picking up each a stone, probably as large as he could carry, from around the spot "where the priests stood," they pass over before the ark and deposit the stones in the place of next encampment (수4:19, 20), namely, Gilgal.
【수4:6 JFB】6, 7. That this may be a sign among you—The erection of cairns, or huge piles of stones, as monuments of remarkable incidents has been common among all people, especially in the early and rude periods of their history. They are the established means of perpetuating the memory of important transactions, especially among the nomadic people of the East. Although there be no inscription engraved on them, the history and object of such simple monuments are traditionally preserved from age to age. Similar was the purpose contemplated by the conveyance of the twelve stones to Gilgal: it was that they might be a standing record to posterity of the miraculous passage of the Jordan.
【수4:8 JFB】8. the children of Israel did so as Joshua commanded—that is, it was done by their twelve representatives.
【수4:9 JFB】수4:9. Twelve Stones Set Up in the Midst of Jordan.
9. Joshua set up twelve stones … in the place where the feet of the priests … stood—In addition to the memorial just described, there was another memento of the miraculous event, a duplicate of the former, set up in the river itself, on the very spot where the ark had rested. This heap of stones might have been a large and compactly built one and visible in the ordinary state of the river. As nothing is said where these stones were obtained, some have imagined that they might have been gathered in the adjoining fields and deposited by the people as they passed the appointed spot.
they are there unto this day—at least twenty years after the event, if we reckon by the date of this history (수24:26), and much later, if the words in the latter clause were inserted by Samuel or Ezra.
【수4:10 JFB】수4:10-13. The People Pass Over.
10. the priests which bare the ark stood in the midst of Jordan—This position was well calculated to animate the people, who probably crossed below the ark, as well as to facilitate Joshua's execution of the minutest instructions respecting the passage (민27:21-23). The unfaltering confidence of the priests contrasts strikingly with the conduct of the people, who "hasted and passed over." Their faith, like that of many of God's people, was, through the weakness of nature, blended with fears. But perhaps their "haste" may be viewed in a more favorable light, as indicating the alacrity of their obedience, or it might have been enjoined in order that the the whole multitude might pass in one day.
【수4:10 MHCC】The priests with the ark did not stir till ordered to move. Let none be weary of waiting, while they have the tokens of God's presence with them, even the ark of the covenant, though it be in the depths of adversity. Notice is taken of the honour put upon Joshua. Those are feared in the best manner, and to the best purpose, who make it appear that God is with them, and that they set him before them.
【수4:11 JFB】11. the ark of the Lord passed over, and the priests, in the presence of the people—The ark is mentioned as the efficient cause; it had been the first to move—it was the last to leave—and its movements arrested the deep attention of the people, who probably stood on the opposite bank, wrapt in admiration and awe of this closing scene. It was a great miracle, greater even than the passage of the Red Sea in this respect: that, admitting the fact, there is no possibility of rationalistic insinuations as to the influence of natural causes in producing it, as have been made in the former case.
【수4:12 JFB】12, 13. the children of Reuben … passed over armed before the children of Israel—There is no precedency to the other tribes indicated here; for there is no reason to suppose that the usual order of march was departed from; but these are honorably mentioned to show that, in pursuance of their promise (수1:16-18), they had sent a complement of fighting men to accompany their brethren in the war of invasion.
【수4:13 JFB】13. to the plains of Jericho—That part of the Arabah or Ghor, on the west, is about seven miles broad from the Jordan to the mountain entrance at Wady-Kelt. Though now desert, this valley was in ancient times richly covered with wood. An immense palm forest, seven miles long, surrounded Jericho.
【수4:14 JFB】수4:14-24. God Magnifies Joshua.
14-17. On that day the Lord magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel—It appeared clear from the chief part he acted, that he was the divinely appointed leader; for even the priests did not enter the river or quit their position, except at his command; and thenceforward his authority was as firmly established as that of his predecessor.
【수4:18 JFB】18. it came to pass, when the priests that bare the ark … were come out of the midst of Jordan … that the waters of Jordan returned unto their place—Their crossing, which was the final act, completed the evidence of the miracle; for then, and not till then, the suspended laws of nature were restored, the waters returned to their place, and the river flowed with as full a current as before.
【수4:19 JFB】19. the people came up out of Jordan on the tenth day of the first month—that is, the month Nisan, four days before the passover, and the very day when the paschal lamb required to be set apart, the providence of God having arranged that the entrance into the promised land should be at the feast.
and encamped in Gilgal—The name is here given by anticipation (see on 수5:9). It was a tract of land, according to Josephus, fifty stadia (six and one-half miles) from Jordan, and ten stadia (one and one-fourth miles) from Jericho, at the eastern outskirts of the palm forest, now supposed to be the spot occupied by the village Riha.
【수4:20 JFB】20-24. those twelve stones, which they took out of Jordan, did Joshua pitch in Gilgal—Probably to render them more conspicuous, they might be raised on a foundation of earth or turf. The pile was designed to serve a double purpose—that of impressing the heathen with a sense of the omnipotence of God, while at the same time it would teach an important lesson in religion to the young and rising Israelites in after ages.
【수4:20 MHCC】It is the duty of parents to tell their children betimes of the words and works of God, that they may be trained up in the way they should go. In all the instruction parents give their children, they should teach them to fear God. Serious godliness is the best learning. Are we not called, as much as the Israelites, to praise the loving-kindness of our God? Shall we not raise a pillar to our God, who has brought us through dangers and distresses in so wonderful a way? For hitherto the Lord hath helped us, as much as he did his saints of old. How great the stupidity and ingratitude of men, who perceive not His hand, and will not acknowledge his goodness, in their frequent deliverances!
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.