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■ 여호수아 24장
1. 여호수아가 이스라엘 모든 지파를 세겜에 모으고 이스라엘 장로들과 그 두령들과 재판장들과 유사들을 부르매 그들이 하나님 앞에 보인지라
And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem , and called for the elders of Israel , and for their heads , and for their judges , and for their officers ; and they presented themselves before God .
2. 여호수아가 모든 백성에게 이르되 이스라엘 하나님 여호와의 말씀에 옛적에 너희 조상들 곧 아브라함의 아비, 나홀의 아비 데라 가 강 저편에 거하여 다른 신들을 섬겼으나
And Joshua said unto all the people , Thus saith the Lord God of Israel , Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the flood in old time , even Terah , the father of Abraham , and the father of Nachor : and they served other gods .
3. 내가 너희 조상 아브라함을 강 저편에서 이끌어내어 가나안으로 인도하여 온 땅을 두루 행하게 하고 그 씨를 번성케 하려고 그에게 이삭을 주었고
And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the flood , and led him throughout all the land of Canaan , and multiplied his seed , and gave him Isaac .
4. 이삭에게는 야곱과 에서를 주었으며 에서에게는 세일 산을 소유로 주었으나 야곱과 그 자손들은 애굽으로 내려갔으므로
And I gave unto Isaac Jacob and Esau : and I gave unto Esau mount Seir , to possess it; but Jacob and his children went down into Egypt .
5. 내가 모세와 아론을 보내었고 또 애굽에 재앙을 내렸나니 곧 내가 그 가운데 행한 것과 같고 그 후에 너희를 인도하여 내었었노라
I sent Moses also and Aaron , and I plagued Egypt , according to that which I did among them: and afterward I brought you out .
6. 내가 너희 열조를 애굽에서 인도하여 내어 바다에 이르게 한즉 애굽 사람이 병거와 마병을 거느리고 너희 열조를 홍해까지 따르므로
And I brought your fathers out of Egypt : and ye came unto the sea ; and the Egyptians pursued after your fathers with chariots and horsemen unto the Red sea .
7. 너희 열조가 나 여호와께 부르짖기로 내가 너희와 애굽 사람 사이에 흑암을 두고 바다를 이끌어 그들을 덮었었나니 내가 애굽에서 행한 일을 너희가 목도하였으며 또 너희가 여러 날을 광야에 거하였었느니라
And when they cried unto the Lord , he put darkness between you and the Egyptians , and brought the sea upon them, and covered them; and your eyes have seen what I have done in Egypt : and ye dwelt in the wilderness a long season .
8. 내가 또 너희를 인도하여 요단 저편에 거하는 아모리 사람의 땅으로 들어가게 하매 그들이 너희와 싸우기로 내가 그들을 너희 손에 붙이매 너희가 그 땅을 점령하였고 나는 그들을 너희 앞에서 멸절시켰으며
And I brought you into the land of the Amorites , which dwelt on the other side Jordan ; and they fought with you: and I gave them into your hand , that ye might possess their land ; and I destroyed them from before you.
9. 때에 모압 왕 십볼의 아들 발락이 일어나 이스라엘을 대적하여 사람을 보내어 브올의 아들 발람을 불러다가 너희를 저주케 하려 하였으나
Then Balak the son of Zippor , king of Moab , arose and warred against Israel , and sent and called Balaam the son of Beor to curse you:
10. 내가 발람을 듣기를 원치 아니한고로 그가 오히려 너희에게 축복하였고 나는 너희를 그 손에서 건져 내었으며
But I would not hearken unto Balaam ; therefore he blessed you still : so I delivered you out of his hand .
11. 너희가 요단을 건너 여리고에 이른즉 여리고 사람과 아모리 사람과 브리스 사람과 가나안 사람과 헷 사람과 기르가스 사람과 히위 사람과 여부스 사람들이 너희와 싸우기로 내가 그들을 너희의 손에 붙였으며
And ye went over Jordan , and came unto Jericho : and the men of Jericho fought against you, the Amorites , and the Perizzites , and the Canaanites , and the Hittites , and the Girgashites , the Hivites , and the Jebusites ; and I delivered them into your hand .
12. 내가 왕벌을 너희 앞에 보내어 그 아모리 사람의 두 왕을 너희 앞에서 쫓아내게 하였나니 너희 칼로나 너희 활로나 이같이 한 것이 아니며
And I sent the hornet before you, which drave them out from before you, even the two kings of the Amorites ; but not with thy sword , nor with thy bow .
13. 내가 또 너희의 수고하지 아니한 땅과 너희가 건축지 아니한 성읍을 너희에게 주었더니 너희가 그 가운데 거하며 너희가 또 자기의 심지 아니한 포도원과 감람원의 과실을 먹는다 하셨느니라
And I have given you a land for which ye did not labour , and cities which ye built not, and ye dwell in them; of the vineyards and oliveyards which ye planted not do ye eat .
14. 그러므로 이제는 여호와를 경외하며 성실과 진정으로 그를 섬길 것이라 너희의 열조가 강 저편과 애굽에서 섬기던 신들을 제하여 버리고 여호와만 섬기라
Now therefore fear the Lord , and serve him in sincerity and in truth : and put away the gods which your fathers served on the other side of the flood , and in Egypt ; and serve ye the Lord .
15. 만일 여호와를 섬기는 것이 너희에게 좋지 않게 보이거든 너희 열조가 강 저편에서 섬기던 신이든지 혹 너희의 거하는 땅 아모리 사람의 신이든지 너희 섬길 자를 오늘날 택하라 오직 나와 내 집은 여호와를 섬기겠노라
And if it seem evil unto you to serve the Lord , choose you this day whom ye will serve ; whether the gods which your fathers served that were on the other side of the flood , or the gods of the Amorites , in whose land ye dwell : but as for me and my house , we will serve the Lord .
16. 백성이 대답하여 가로되 여호와를 버리고 다른 신들 섬기는 일을 우리가 결단코 하지 아니하오리니
And the people answered and said , God forbid that we should forsake the Lord , to serve other gods ;
17. 이는 우리 하나님 여호와 그가 우리와 우리 열조를 인도하여 애굽 땅 종 되었던 집에서 나오게 하시고 우리 목전에서 그 큰 이적들을 행하시고 우리가 행한 모든 길에서, 우리의 지난 모든 백성 중에서 우리를 보호하셨음이며
For the Lord our God , he it is that brought us up and our fathers out of the land of Egypt , from the house of bondage , and which did those great signs in our sight , and preserved us in all the way wherein we went , and among all the people through whom we passed :
18. 여호와께서 또 모든 백성 곧 이 땅에 거하던 아모리 사람을 우리 앞에서 쫓아내셨음이라 그러므로 우리도 여호와를 섬기리니 그는 우리 하나님이심이니이다
And the Lord drave out from before us all the people , even the Amorites which dwelt in the land : therefore will we also serve the Lord ; for he is our God .
19. 여호수아가 백성에게 이르되 너희가 여호와를 능히 섬기지 못할 것은 그는 거룩하신 하나님이시요 질투하는 하나님이시니 너희 허물과 죄를 사하지 아니하실 것임이라
And Joshua said unto the people , Ye cannot serve the Lord : for he is an holy God ; he is a jealous God ; he will not forgive your transgressions nor your sins .
20. 만일 너희가 여호와를 버리고 이방신들을 섬기면 너희에게 복을 내리신 후에라도 돌이켜 너희에게 화를 내리시고 너희를 멸하시리라
If ye forsake the Lord , and serve strange gods , then he will turn and do you hurt , and consume you, after that he hath done you good .
21. 백성이 여호수아에게 말하되 아니니이다 우리가 정녕 여호와를 섬기겠나이다
And the people said unto Joshua , Nay; but we will serve the Lord .
22. 여호수아가 백성에게 이르되 너희가 여호와를 택하고 그를 섬기리라 하였으니 스스로 증인이 되었느니라 그들이 가로되 우리가 증인이 되었나이다
And Joshua said unto the people , Ye are witnesses against yourselves that ye have chosen you the Lord , to serve him. And they said , We are witnesses .
23. 여호수아가 가로되 그러면 이제 너희 중에 있는 이방신들을 제하여 버리고 너희 마음을 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와께로 향하라
Now therefore put away , said he, the strange gods which are among you, and incline your heart unto the Lord God of Israel .
24. 백성이 여호수아에게 말하되 우리 하나님 여호와를 우리가 섬기고 그 목소리를 우리가 청종하리이다 한지라
And the people said unto Joshua , The Lord our God will we serve , and his voice will we obey .
25. 그 날에 여호수아가 세겜에서 백성으로 더불어 언약을 세우고 그들을 위하여 율례와 법도를 베풀었더라
So Joshua made a covenant with the people that day , and set them a statute and an ordinance in Shechem .
26. 여호수아가 이 모든 말씀을 하나님의 율법책에 기록하고 큰 돌을 취하여 거기 여호와의 성소 곁에 있는 상수리나무 아래 세우고
And Joshua wrote these words in the book of the law of God , and took a great stone , and set it up there under an oak , that was by the sanctuary of the Lord .
27. 모든 백성에게 이르되 보라 이 돌이 우리에게 증거가 되리니 이는 여호와께서 우리에게 하신 모든 말씀을 이 돌이 들었음이라 그런즉 너희로 너희 하나님을 배반치 않게 하도록 이 돌이 증거가 되리라 하고
And Joshua said unto all the people , Behold, this stone shall be a witness unto us; for it hath heard all the words of the Lord which he spake unto us: it shall be therefore a witness unto you, lest ye deny your God .
28. 백성을 보내어 각기 기업으로 돌아가게 하였더라
So Joshua let the people depart , every man unto his inheritance .
29. 이 일 후에 여호와의 종 눈의 아들 여호수아가 일백십 세에 죽으매
And it came to pass after these things , that Joshua the son of Nun , the servant of the Lord , died , being an hundred and ten years old .
30. 무리가 그를 그의 기업의 경내 딤낫 세라에 장사하였으니 딤낫 세라는 에브라임 산지 가아스 산 북이었더라
And they buried him in the border of his inheritance in Timnath–serah , which is in mount Ephraim , on the north side of the hill of Gaash .
31. 이스라엘이 여호수아의 사는 날 동안과 여호수아 뒤에 생존한 장로들 곧 여호와께서 이스라엘을 위하여 행하신 모든 일을 아는 자의 사는 날 동안 여호와를 섬겼더라
And Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua , and all the days of the elders that overlived Joshua , and which had known all the works of the Lord , that he had done for Israel .
32. 이스라엘 자손이 애굽에서 이끌어 낸 요셉의 뼈를 세겜에 장사하였으니 이곳은 야곱이 세겜의 아비 하몰의 자손에게 금 일백 개를 주고 산 땅이라 그것이 요셉 자손의 기업이 되었더라
And the bones of Joseph , which the children of Israel brought up out of Egypt , buried they in Shechem , in a parcel of ground which Jacob bought of the sons of Hamor the father of Shechem for an hundred pieces of silver : and it became the inheritance of the children of Joseph .
33. 아론의 아들 엘르아살도 죽으매 무리가 그를 그 아들 비느하스가 에브라임 산지에서 받은 산에 장사하였더라
And Eleazar the son of Aaron died ; and they buried him in a hill that pertained to Phinehas his son , which was given him in mount Ephraim .
■ 주석 보기
【수24:1 JFB】수24:1. Joshua Assembling the Tribes.
1. Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem—Another and final opportunity of dissuading the people against idolatry is here described as taken by the aged leader, whose solicitude on this account arose from his knowledge of the extreme readiness of the people to conform to the manners of the surrounding nations. This address was made to the representatives of the people convened at Shechem, and which had already been the scene of a solemn renewal of the covenant (수8:30, 35). The transaction now to be entered upon being in principle and object the same, it was desirable to give it all the solemn impressiveness which might be derived from the memory of the former ceremonial, as well as from other sacred associations of the place (창12:6, 7; 33:18-20; 35:2-4).
they presented themselves before God—It is generally assumed that the ark of the covenant had been transferred on this occasion to Shechem; as on extraordinary emergencies it was for a time removed (유20:1-18; 삼상4:3; 삼하15:24). But the statement, not necessarily implying this, may be viewed as expressing only the religious character of the ceremony [Hengstenberg].
【수24:1 CWC】[RENEWAL OF THE COVENANT AND DEATH OF JOSHUA]
1. The Gathering at Shiloh, c. 23.
"A long time after that the Lord had given rest unto Israel," refers to a period elapsing after the distribution of the land. We do not know how long it was, but Joshua is old and his departure is near (v. 1).
This is a gathering of the leaders presumably at Shiloh, where the central place of worship was (v. 2).
It is an occasion to exhort the people to faithfulness in their obligations to God, the address of Joshua falling into three parts: (1) He recalls past blessings (vv. 3, 4); (2) He rehearses promises yet to be fulfilled (vv. 5-11); (3) He renews the warnings in the event of disobedience (vv. 12-16).
Under the second head, he applies almost the same words to Israel that the Lord spake to him at the beginning (v. 6). Courage is necessary to drive out the enemy, but it consists in doing the will of God. The enemy will vanish if they do this. Moreover the will of God is their separation from the nations which constitute the enemy, and especially the worship of their gods. How aptly this fits in with the obligations of the Christian. The world is our enemy, but "this is the victory that overcometh the world, even our faith" (1 요5:4). That is, as we believe God and obey Him in the Gospel of His Son, He subdues our enemy and the world loses its power over us. "The Lord your God, He it is that fighteth for you" (v. 10).
Under the third head, note verses 12 and 13, which serve as a text, alas! for the whole story of the book of Judges which follows this.
2. The Gathering at Shechem, c. 24. Just why this gathering was held at Shechem instead of Shiloh is not revealed, but it may have been because this was the locality between Mounts Gerizim and Ebal, where the covenant had been ratified on their entrance into the land (see chapter 8). It may have been desired to give the present occasion the impressiveness of that memory, and of other events which had taken place there (see 창12:6, 7; 33:18-20; 35:2-4).
(1) God's past blessings are once more rehearsed (vv. 2-13): (2) The covenant solemnly renewed (vv. 14-25); (3) The words written and the witness recorded (vv. 26-28). It is a wondrous recital of God's grace towards Israel that verses 2 to 13 contain. And it was grace towards all the world, too, when we consider the purpose of Israel in the redemption of the latter. Let not these verses be passed over hastily.
Grace precedes service on our part, but service follows grace, hence the obligations in verses 14-25. Notice Joshua's example (v. 15), and the all too prompt vow of the people. Joshua seems to doubt them (vv. 19, 20), but they reiterate their allegiance (vv. 21-24), and the scene closes.
Note the existence of "the book of the law of God" in Joshua's time and his own addition to it (v. 26), as a historical fact bearing upon the science of Biblical criticism in our time. This testifies to the early origin of the Pentateuch and points to Moses as the author.
Archaeological Corroboration of Joshua.
Before concluding our lessons in Joshua it will be stimulating to faith to speak of the new light thrown on Canaan during Joshua's time by the excavation work in southern Palestine under Prof. Sellin.
He tells us that the foundations of the walls built by the Canaanites around their cities can easily be traced. During their occupation by the Israelites these walls were repaired or "pointed," and as the Canaanites used polygonal stones and the Israelites four-sided ones, the archaeologist is enabled to exactly define the portions of the walls of Israelitish origin.
The ruins of the walls of Jericho are well preserved, and the remnants of house walls over six feet high. The houses of the Israelites were small, and the difference between those occupied by the common people and the princes is largely one of the number of rooms.
These discoveries bear on the religious conditions of the people and their development. Under the high altars in the groves, vessels, amulets, and idols, made of clay and bronze, were found. The inscriptions point to the offering of newborn children in these vessels as a votive offering to the goddess, Astarte. Professor Sellin says that the exact truthfulness of the Biblical records receives emphatic corroboration from these discoveries.
Speaking of the walls of Jericho again, a well-defined citadel was unearthed upon the northern boundary having two sturdy towers upon its flanks, one of them with an area of 40 x 16 feet. The inner wall was about 26 feet high and afforded protection to various apartments and offices for military and domestic uses. In and about the citadel were remains of the older Canaanite time which preceded the siege of Joshua.
It is doubtful whether the towers existed in Joshua's time, although they seemed to have preceded the reign of Ahab, during which Hiel of Bethel rebuilt the city. Referring to this rebuilding, Professor Vincent speaks of a gap observed by explorers between the early Canaanite remains and those of the Jewish monarchy, and he sees in this a corroboration of the fact that Jericho lay in ruins for several centuries between its destruction at the hands of Joshua and its rebuilding under Ahab.
Of course the material of these discoveries needs sifting and collocating, and some conclusions may receive modification, but nevertheless they are of great value and likely to become increasingly so.
【수24:1 MHCC】We must never think our work for God done, till our life is done. If he lengthen out our days beyond what we expected, like those of Joshua, it is because he has some further service for us to do. He who aims at the same mind which was in Christ Jesus, will glory in bearing the last testimony to his Saviour's goodness, and in telling to all around, the obligations with which the unmerited goodness of God has bound him. The assembly came together in a solemn religious manner. Joshua spake to them in God's name, and as from him. His sermon consists of doctrine and application. The doctrinal part is a history of the great things God had done for his people, and for their fathers before them. The application of this history of God's mercies to them, is an exhortation to fear and serve God, in gratitude for his favour, and that it might be continued.
【수24:2 JFB】수24:2-13. Relates God's Benefits.
2. Joshua said unto all the people—His address briefly recapitulated the principal proofs of the divine goodness to Israel from the call of Abraham to their happy establishment in the land of promise; it showed them that they were indebted for their national existence as well as their peculiar privileges, not to any merits of their own, but to the free grace of God.
Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the flood—The Euphrates, namely, at Ur.
Terah, the father of Abraham, and the father of Nachor—(see 창11:27). Though Terah had three sons, Nahor only is mentioned with Abraham, as the Israelites were descended from him on the mother's side through Rebekah and her nieces, Leah and Rachel.
served other gods—conjoining, like Laban, the traditional knowledge of the true God with the domestic use of material images (창31:19, 34).
【수24:3 JFB】3. I took your father Abraham from the other side of the flood, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan—It was an irresistible impulse of divine grace which led the patriarch to leave his country and relatives, to migrate to Canaan, and live a "stranger and pilgrim" in that land.
【수24:4 JFB】4. I gave unto Esau mount Seir—(See on 창36:8). In order that he might be no obstacle to Jacob and his posterity being the exclusive heirs of Canaan.
【수24:12 JFB】12. I sent the hornet before you—a particular species of wasp which swarms in warm countries and sometimes assumes the scourging character of a plague; or, as many think, it is a figurative expression for uncontrollable terror (see on 출23:28).
【수24:14 JFB】14-28. Now therefore fear the Lord, and serve him in sincerity and in truth—After having enumerated so many grounds for national gratitude, Joshua calls on them to declare, in a public and solemn manner, whether they will be faithful and obedient to the God of Israel. He avowed this to be his own unalterable resolution, and urged them, if they were sincere in making a similar avowal, "to put away the strange gods that were among them"—a requirement which seems to imply that some were suspected of a strong hankering for, or concealed practice of, the idolatry, whether in the form of Zabaism, the fire-worship of their Chaldean ancestors, or the grosser superstitions of the Canaanites.
【수24:15 MHCC】It is essential that the service of God's people be performed with a willing mind. For LOVE is the only genuine principle whence all acceptable service of God can spring. The Father seeks only such to worship him, as worship him in spirit and in truth. The carnal mind of man is enmity against God, therefore, is not capable of such spiritual worship. Hence the necessity of being born again. But numbers rest in mere forms, as tasks imposed upon them. Joshua puts them to their choice; but not as if it were indifferent whether they served God or not. Choose you whom ye will serve, now the matter is laid plainly before you. He resolves to do this, whatever others did. Those that are bound for heaven, must be willing to swim against the stream. They must not do as the most do, but as the best do. And no one can behave himself as he ought in any station, who does not deeply consider his religious duties in family relations. The Israelites agree with Joshua, being influenced by the example of a man who had been so great a blessing to them; We also will serve the Lord. See how much good great men do, by their influence, if zealous in religion. Joshua brings them to express full purpose of heart to cleave to the Lord. They must come off from all confidence in their own sufficiency, else their purposes would be in vain. The service of God being made their deliberate choice, Joshua binds them to it by a solemn covenant. He set up a monument of it. In this affecting manner Joshua took his last leave of them; if they perished, their blood would be upon their own heads. Though the house of God, the Lord's table, and even the walls and trees before which we have uttered our solemn purposes of serving him, would bear witness against us if we deny him, yet we may trust in him, that he will put his fear into our hearts, that we shall not depart from him. God alone can give grace, yet he blesses our endeavours to engage men to his service.
【수24:26 JFB】26. Joshua wrote these words in the book of the law of God—registered the engagements of that solemn covenant in the book of sacred history.
took a great stone—according to the usage of ancient times to erect stone pillars as monuments of public transactions.
set it up there under an oak—or terebinth, in all likelihood, the same as that at the root of which Jacob buried the idols and charms found in his family.
that was by the sanctuary of the Lord—either the spot where the ark had stood, or else the place around, so called from that religious meeting, as Jacob named Beth-el the house of God.
【수24:29 JFB】수24:29, 30. His Age and Death.
29, 30. Joshua … died—Lightfoot computes that he lived seventeen, others twenty-seven years, after the entrance into Canaan. He was buried, according to the Jewish practice, within the limits of his own inheritance. The eminent public services he had long rendered to Israel and the great amount of domestic comfort and national prosperity he had been instrumental in diffusing among the several tribes, were deeply felt, were universally acknowledged; and a testimonial in the form of a statue or obelisk would have been immediately raised to his honor, in all parts of the land, had such been the fashion of the times. The brief but noble epitaph by the historian is, Joshua, "the servant of the Lord."
【수24:29 MHCC】Joseph died in Egypt, but gave commandment concerning his bones, that they should not rest in their grave till Israel had rest in the land of promise. Notice also the death and burial of Joshua, and of Eleazar the chief priest. The most useful men, having served their generation, according to the will of God, one after another, fall asleep and see corruption. But Jesus, having spent and ended his life on earth more effectually than either Joshua or Joseph, rose from the dead, and saw no corruption. And the redeemed of the Lord shall inherit the kingdom he prepared for them from the foundation of the world. They will say in admiration of the grace of Jesus, Unto him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood, and hath made us kings and priests unto God and his Father, to him be glory and dominion for ever and ever. Amen.
【수24:31 JFB】31. Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua—The high and commanding character of this eminent leader had given so decided a tone to the sentiments and manners of his contemporaries and the memory of his fervent piety and many virtues continued so vividly impressed on the memories of the people, that the sacred historian has recorded it to his immortal honor. "Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders that overlived Joshua."
【수24:32 JFB】32. the bones of Joseph—They had carried these venerable relics with them in all their migrations through the desert, and deferred the burial, according to the dying charge of Joseph himself, till they arrived in the promised land. The sarcophagus, in which his mummied body had been put, was brought thither by the Israelites, and probably buried when the tribe of Ephraim had obtained their settlement, or at the solemn convocation described in this chapter.
in a parcel of ground which Jacob bought … for an hundred pieces of silver—Kestitah translated, "piece of silver," is supposed to mean "a lamb," the weights being in the form of lambs or kids, which were, in all probability, the earliest standard of value among pastoral people. The tomb that now covers the spot is a Mohammedan Welce, but there is no reason to doubt that the precious deposit of Joseph's remains may be concealed there at the present time.
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웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.