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■ 여호수아 16장
1. 요셉 자손이 제비 뽑은 것은 여리고 곁 요단 곧 여리고 물 동편 광야에서부터 나아가 여리고로 말미암아 올라가서 산지를 지나 벧엘에 이르고
And the lot of the children of Joseph fell from Jordan by Jericho , unto the water of Jericho on the east , to the wilderness that goeth up from Jericho throughout mount Beth–el ,
2. 벧엘에서부터 루스로 나아가 아렉 사람의 경계로 지나 아다롯에 이르고
And goeth out from Beth–el to Luz , and passeth along unto the borders of Archi to Ataroth ,
3. 서편으로 내려가서 야블렛 사람의 경계에 이르러 아래 벧 호론 곧 게셀에 미치고 그 끝은 바다라
And goeth down westward to the coast of Japhleti , unto the coast of Beth–horon the nether , and to Gezer : and the goings out thereof are at the sea .
4. 요셉의 자손 므낫세와 에브라임이 그 기업을 얻었더라
So the children of Joseph , Manasseh and Ephraim , took their inheritance .
5. 에브라임 자손의 그 가족대로 얻은 것의 경계는 이러하니라 그 기업의 경계는 동으로 아다롯 앗달에서 윗 벧 호론에 이르고
And the border of the children of Ephraim according to their families was thus: even the border of their inheritance on the east side was Ataroth–addar , unto Beth–horon the upper ;
6. 또 서편으로 나아가 북편 믹므다에 이르고 동편으로 돌아 다아낫 실로에 이르러 야노아 동편을 지나고
And the border went out toward the sea to Michmethah on the north side ; and the border went about eastward unto Taanath–shiloh , and passed by it on the east to Janohah ;
7. 야노아에서부터 아다롯과 나아라도 내려가서 여리고에 미치며 요단으로 나아가고
And it went down from Janohah to Ataroth , and to Naarath , and came to Jericho , and went out at Jordan .
8. 또 답부아에서부터 서편으로 지나서 가나 시내에 미치나니 그 끝은 바다라 에브라임 자손의 지파가 그 가족대로 얻은 기업이 이러하였고
The border went out from Tappuah westward unto the river Kanah ; and the goings out thereof were at the sea . This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Ephraim by their families .
9. 그 외에 므낫세 자손의 기업 중에서 에브라임 자손을 위하여 구별한 모든 성읍과 촌락도 있었더라
And the separate cities for the children of Ephraim were among the inheritance of the children of Manasseh , all the cities with their villages .
10. 그들이 게셀에 거하는 가나안 사람을 쫓아내지 아니하였으므로 가나안 사람이 오늘날까지 에브라임 가운데 거하며 사역하는 종이 되니라
And they drave not out the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer : but the Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites unto this day , and serve under tribute .
■ 주석 보기
【수16:1 JFB】수16:1-4. The General Borders of the Sons of Joseph.
1. the lot of the children of Joseph fell—Hebrew, "went forth," referring either to the lot as drawn out of the urn, or to the tract of land thereby assigned. The first four verses describe the territory allotted to the family of Joseph in the rich domains of central Palestine. It was drawn in one lot, that the brethren might be contiguously situated; but it was afterwards divided. The southern boundary only is described here; that on the north being irregular and less defined (수17:10, 11), is not mentioned.
water of Jericho—(왕하2:19), at the joint of its junction with the Jordan.
mount Beth-el—the ridge south of Beth-el. Having described the position of Joseph's family generally the historian proceeds to define the territory; first, that of Ephraim.
【수16:1 CWC】[DIVISION OF THE LAND]
Seven chapters make a long lesson from one point of view but not from another, as the subject-matter will not require the same attention as in other cases. It is about the division of the land among the tribes, and we will touch on the principal points by chapters.
Chapter 13. Although the warfare of extermination had been carried on for some time, some think seven years, yet it was not entirely completed (1). The Lord therefore stirs Joshua to portion out the territory among the tribes, that each may continue to work in its own neighborhood after he has departed. He died at 110 (24:29), from which it may be gathered that he was now past 100.
There follows an account of the land unappropriated which includes, as a first division, the country of the Philistines on the southwest, and that of the Geshurites bordering on it and further south (comp. 삼상27:8). A second division is that of the Canaanites near by the Sidonians, in what we know as Upper Galilee. A third the land of the Giblites on the Mediterranean north of Sidon (2-6).
This sketch of the unconquered territory finished, the directions for allotment are taken up (7), but not until a record is made of the boundaries of the two and a half tribes on the East of Jordan which Moses alloted them in his lifetime (8-33).
The distribution was by lot (6), as announced in 민33:54, a system which accomplished two purposes, (1) the prevention of partiality on the part of the leaders, and (2) the acknowledgment of God's rights in the disposal of His and not their property. The lot seems to have been used only in determining the general locality where a tribe should be settled, the actual extent of the settlement being otherwise determined (민26:54). The control of God in the whole matter is seen in that each tribe received the possession predicted by Jacob and also Moses (comp. Gen. 49 and Deut. 33).
Chapter 14. At this point the allotment begins on the west of the Jordan. Nine and a half tribes only are mentioned (2), because the other two and a half, Reuben, Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh, were provided for on the east.
It is to be remembered that the Levites were to have no allotment as the others (3), but only certain cities with their suburbs. To make up the even number of the 12 tribes, Joseph's inheritance had been multiplied by two, and Ephraim and Manasseh, his sons, each represented a separate tribe (4). This covers vv. 1-5 of this chapter. From v. 6 to the end we have the story of Caleb's choice and allotment of Hebron. See 민14:24, and 신1:36.
Chapter 15. This gives the borders of the tribe of Judah, whose possession was large because of its preeminence over the other tribes.
Caleb's possession is within Judah, and in connection with it is the story of his daughter's dowry (16-19). She married Othniel the brave, the first successor to Joshua in the time of the Judges.
The last verse is interesting because of the subsequent history of the Jebusites and Jerusalem in David's day. If Judah could not drive out the Jebusites it was not for lack of power, but faith. But O, how fatal to them as to other tribes with a similar history, that they should have neglected the divine command to drive out the idolaters. All the sufferings of Israel for hundreds of years arose from that neglect.
Chapter 17. This describing the lot of Manasseh is interesting for two things. The first is the apportionment made to the daughters of Zelophehad (3-6) according to the command of God through Moses (민27:1-11). And the second, Joshua's rebuke of the unbelief of Ephraim (14, 15). There was the spirit of patriotism in this sarcasm.
Chapter 18. The first verse of this is the most important, testifying to the setting up of the tabernacle at Shiloh whither the camp had now removed. By the camp is meant the remainder of the tribes after the departure of those receiving their allotments (2). Look up Shiloh and identify its location about 25 miles north of Jerusalem.
The importance of this is its bearing on certain questions of the "higher criticism." The view of the rationalistic critics is that the Pentateuch was written much later than the period commonly supposed. That instead of its contents being revealed by God they were conceived by the priests and palmed off on the people as the work of Moses, to bolster up their power. According to this the tabernacle and its worship were of comparatively late origin, a hypothesis shaken by the circumstances recorded here. The tabernacle seems to have remained at Shiloh for a long period, probably more than 300 years, if we may judge by the reference to the ark in 삼상4:11.
Verse 3 of this chapter is an unhappy revelation of the feeling in Israel at this time. Perhaps the people loved ease, perhaps they preferred a nomadic life, but for some cause they were slow to avail themselves of their opportunities to do the will of God.
If Canaan be a type of Christ and the privileges of the risen life in Him, what a rebuke these words convey to many a Christian heart! How foolish we are, and how ungrateful to God to be satisfied with present attainments when there is so much more and so much better ahead.
And do we say, "O, that our Joshua would stir us up to possess the land?" Is He not doing it? Do we not hear the rebuke of the still small voice?
Let us get back to the Word of God and its great and precious promises. Let us "arise and go through the land and describe it," that a holy passion may be quickened to possess it.
Joshua's directions to the 21 land surveyors in vv. 4-9 give rise to the question as to where, or how, the latter obtained their knowledge, for the task was no simple one. Had they been taught geometry in Egypt? What light this throws upon the civilization of the Hebrews at this time.
Chapter 19. The feature in this chapter is the allotment to Joshua recorded in the last two verses. Notice when it was done (49), and by whose authority and decree (50). There is no record of this decree, but it probably had a similar history to that in the case of Caleb (14:9).
"So they made an end of dividing the country."
【수16:1 MHCC】The sons of Joseph.
—This and the following chapter should not be separated. They give the lots of Ephraim and Manasseh, the children of Joseph, who, next to Judah, were to have the post of honour, and therefore had the first and best portion in the northern part of Canaan, as Judah in the southern part. God's people now, as of old, suffer his enemies to remain. Blessed Lord, when will all our enemies be subdued? 고전15:26. Do thou drive them all out; thou alone canst do it. These settled boundaries may remind us, that our situation and provision in this life, as well as our future inheritance, are appointed by the only wise and righteous God, and we should be content with our portion, since he knows what is best for us, and all we have is more than we deserve.
【수16:5 JFB】수16:5-9. The Borders of the Inheritance of Ephraim.
5-9. the border of their inheritance … was Ataroth-addar—Ataroth-addar (now Atara), four miles south of Jetta [Robinson], is fixed on as a center, through which a line is drawn from Upper Beth-horon to Michmethah, showing the western limit of their actual possessions. The tract beyond that to the sea was still unconquered.
【수16:6 JFB】6, 7. Michmethah on the north side—The northern boundary is traced from this point eastward to the Jordan.
【수16:8 JFB】8. from Tappuah westward unto the river Kanah—It is retraced from east to west, to describe the prospective and intended boundary, which was to reach to the sea. Kanah ("reedy") flows into the Mediterranean.
【수16:9 JFB】9. separate cities for the children of Ephraim were among the inheritance of Manasseh—(수17:9), because it was found that the tract allotted to Ephraim was too small in proportion to its population and power.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.