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■ 사사기 2장
1. 여호와의 사자가 길갈에서부터 보김에 이르러 가로되 내가 너희로 애굽에서 나오게 하고 인도하여 너희 열조에게 맹세한 땅으로 이끌어 왔으며 또 내가 이르기를 내가 너희에게 세운 언약을 영원히 어기지 아니하리니
And an angel of the Lord came up from Gilgal to Bochim , and said , I made you to go up out of Egypt , and have brought you unto the land which I sware unto your fathers ; and I said , I will never break my covenant with you.
2. 너희는 이 땅 거민과 언약을 세우지 말며 그들의 단을 헐라 하였거늘 너희가 내 목소리를 청종치 아니하였도다 그리함은 어찜이뇨
And ye shall make no league with the inhabitants of this land ; ye shall throw down their altars : but ye have not obeyed my voice : why have ye done this?
3. 그러므로 내가 또 말하기를 내가 그들을 너희 앞에서 쫓아내지 아니하리니 그들이 너희 옆구리에 가시가 될 것이며 그들의 신들이 너희에게 올무가 되리라 하였노라
Wherefore I also said , I will not drive them out from before you; but they shall be as thorns in your sides , and their gods shall be a snare unto you.
4. 여호와의 사자가 이스라엘 모든 자손에게 이 말씀을 이르매 백성이 소리를 높여 운지라
And it came to pass, when the angel of the Lord spake these words unto all the children of Israel , that the people lifted up their voice , and wept .
5. 그러므로 그곳을 이름하여 보김이라 하니라 무리가 거기서 여호와께 제사를 드렸더라
And they called the name of that place Bochim : and they sacrificed there unto the Lord .
6. 전에 여호수아가 백성을 보내매 이스라엘 자손이 각기 그 기업으로 가서 땅을 차지하였고
And when Joshua had let the people go , the children of Israel went every man unto his inheritance to possess the land .
7. 백성이 여호수아의 사는 날 동안과 여호수아 뒤에 생존한 장로들 곧 여호와께서 이스라엘을 위하여 행하신 모든 큰 일을 본 자의 사는 날 동안에 여호와를 섬겼더라
And the people served the Lord all the days of Joshua , and all the days of the elders that outlived Joshua , who had seen all the great works of the Lord , that he did for Israel .
8. 여호와의 종 눈의 아들 여호수아가 일백십 세에 죽으매
And Joshua the son of Nun , the servant of the Lord , died , being an hundred and ten years old .
9. 무리가 그의 기업의 경내 에브라임 산지 가아스 산 북 딤낫 헤레스에 장사하였고
And they buried him in the border of his inheritance in Timnath–heres , in the mount of Ephraim , on the north side of the hill Gaash .
10. 그 세대 사람도 다 그 열조에게로 돌아갔고 그 후에 일어난 다른 세대는 여호와를 알지 못하며 여호와께서 이스라엘을 위하여 행하신 일도 알지 못하였더라
And also all that generation were gathered unto their fathers : and there arose another generation after them, which knew not the Lord , nor yet the works which he had done for Israel .
11. 이스라엘 자손이 여호와의 목전에 악을 행하여 바알들을 섬기며
And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the Lord , and served Baalim :
12. 애굽 땅에서 그들을 인도하여 내신 그 열조의 하나님 여호와를 버리고 다른 신 곧 그 사방에 있는 백성의 신들을 좇아 그들에게 절하여 여호와를 진노하시게 하였으되
And they forsook the Lord God of their fathers , which brought them out of the land of Egypt , and followed other gods , of the gods of the people that were round about them, and bowed themselves unto them, and provoked the Lord to anger .
13. 곧 그들이 여호와를 버리고 바알과 아스다롯을 섬겼으므로
And they forsook the Lord , and served Baal and Ashtaroth .
14. 여호와께서 이스라엘에게 진노하사 노략하는 자의 손에 붙여 그들로 노략을 당케 하시며 또 사방 모든 대적의 손에 파시매 그들이 다시는 대적을 당치 못하였으며
And the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel , and he delivered them into the hands of spoilers that spoiled them, and he sold them into the hands of their enemies round about , so that they could not any longer stand before their enemies .
15. 그들이 어디를 가든지 여호와의 손이 그들에게 재앙을 내리시매 곧 여호와께서 말씀하신 것과 같고 여호와께서 그들에게 맹세하신 것과 같아서 그들의 괴로움이 심하였더라
Whithersoever they went out , the hand of the Lord was against them for evil , as the Lord had said , and as the Lord had sworn unto them: and they were greatly distressed .
16. 여호와께서 사사를 세우사 노략하는 자의 손에서 그들을 건져내게 하셨으나
Nevertheless the Lord raised up judges , which delivered them out of the hand of those that spoiled them.
17. 그들이 그 사사도 청종치 아니하고 돌이켜 다른 신들을 음란하듯 좇아 그들에게 절하고 여호와의 명령을 순종하던 그 열조의 행한 길을 속히 치우쳐 떠나서 그와 같이 행치 아니하였더라
And yet they would not hearken unto their judges , but they went a whoring after other gods , and bowed themselves unto them: they turned quickly out of the way which their fathers walked in , obeying the commandments of the Lord ; but they did not so.
18. 여호와께서 그들을 위하여 사사를 세우실 때에는 그 사사와 함께 하셨고 그 사사의 사는 날 동안에는 여호와께서 그들을 대적의 손에서 구원하셨으니 이는 그들이 대적에게 압박과 괴롭게 함을 받아 슬피 부르짖으므로 여호와께서 뜻을 돌이키셨음이어늘
And when the Lord raised them up judges , then the Lord was with the judge , and delivered them out of the hand of their enemies all the days of the judge : for it repented the Lord because of their groanings by reason of them that oppressed them and vexed them.
19. 그 사사가 죽은 후에는 그들이 돌이켜 그 열조보다 더욱 패괴하여 다른 신들을 좇아 섬겨 그들에게 절하고 그 행위와 패역한 길을 그치지 아니하였으므로
And it came to pass, when the judge was dead , that they returned , and corrupted themselves more than their fathers , in following other gods to serve them, and to bow down unto them; they ceased not from their own doings , nor from their stubborn way .
20. 여호와께서 이스라엘에게 진노하여 이르시되 이 백성이 내가 그 열조와 세운 언약을 어기고 나의 목소리를 청종치 아니하였은즉
And the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel ; and he said , Because that this people hath transgressed my covenant which I commanded their fathers , and have not hearkened unto my voice ;
21. 나도 여호수아가 죽을 때에 남겨둔 열국을 다시는 그들의 앞에서 하나도 쫓아내지 아니하리니
I also will not henceforth drive out any from before them of the nations which Joshua left when he died :
22. 이는 이스라엘이 그 열조의 지킨 것 같이 나 여호와의 도를 지켜 행하나 아니하나 그들로 시험하려 함이라 하시니라
That through them I may prove Israel , whether they will keep the way of the Lord to walk therein, as their fathers did keep it, or not.
23. 그 열국을 머물러두사 속히 쫓아내지 아니하시며 여호수아의 손에 붙이지 아니하셨음이 이를 인함이었더라
Therefore the Lord left those nations , without driving them out hastily ; neither delivered he them into the hand of Joshua .
■ 주석 보기
【삿2:1 JFB】유2:1-10. An Angel Sent to Rebuke the People at Bochim.
1-3. an angel … came from Gilgal to Bochim—We are inclined to think, from the authoritative tone of his language, that he was the Angel of the Covenant (출23:20; 수5:14); the same who appeared in human form and announced himself captain of the Lord's host. His coming from Gilgal had a peculiar significance, for there the Israelites made a solemn dedication of themselves to God on their entrance into the promised land [수4:1-9]; and the memory of that religious engagement, which the angel's arrival from Gilgal awakened, gave emphatic force to his rebuke of their apostasy.
Bochim—"the weepers," was a name bestowed evidently in allusion to this incident or the place, which was at or near Shiloh.
I said, I will never break my covenant with you … but ye have not obeyed my voice—The burden of the angel's remonstrance was that God would inviolably keep His promise; but they, by their flagrant and repeated breaches of their covenant with Him, had forfeited all claim to the stipulated benefits. Having disobeyed the will of God by voluntarily courting the society of idolaters and placing themselves in the way of temptation, He left them to suffer the punishment of their misdeeds.
【삿2:1 CWC】[JOSHUA TO SHAMGAR]
1. Judah's Incomplete Victory, c. 1:1-20.
After the death of Joshua the question of which tribe should lead in the subsequent campaign was answered by the Lord in the choice of Judah (vv. 1, 2), which was in accordance with the divine prophecy through Jacob (창49:8). Doubtless the inquiry was made by Urim and Thummim on the breastplate of the high priest, to which reference was made in Exodus.
Judah invites the co-operation of Simeon because the territory of the latter was contiguous and intermixed with Judah (v. 3).
These tribes are guilty of barbarity in the case of Adonibezek (vv. 5-7), but it is not to be supposed that God commended this action. It was, however, in accordance with the warfare in that day, and even the heathen king admitted the justification of the act in his case.
The defeat in verse 19 is explained not by the lack of power in the case of Judah, but by unbelief.
2. Similar Experiences of the Other Tribes, vv. 21-36.
Judah's example of unbelief is followed by all the tribes named in the conclusion of this chapter, Benjamin, Ephraim (the house of Joseph), Manasseh, Zebulon, Asher and Naphtali. Note particularly verse 21 in comparison with verse 8. The border of the two tribes, Judah and Benjamin, seems to have run through Jerusalem, and while the first named expelled the heathen from their part of the city, the latter were unable to do so and, this city did not fully come into possession of Israel until David's time.
3. Divine Warning, c. 2:1-5.
The Revised Version indicates by the definite article before "angel," in verse 1, that He who came from Gilgal to Bochim to warn Israel was the Angel of the Covenant, who appeared in human form as the Captain of the Lord's host to Joshua. In other words, the Second Person of the Trinity. It was a serious indictment He laid against them and an awful penalty He announced (vv. 1-3). No wonder the people wept, but would to God their sorrow had been to better purpose. The result shows how temporary it was and how little confidence may be put in tears for sin, which do not mean amendment of life.
4. The Summary of the Book, vv. 6-23.
We called attention to these verses in the preceding lesson as giving an outline of the whole story of Judges. Verse 6-10 are copied from Joshua 24, and inserted here to explain the warning preceding. The following verses should be read with care, because they give the key, not only to Judges, but to 1 Samuel, and the whole of this period of Israel until the monarchy.
In explanation of verse 16 the Bible Commentary speaks of the judges as God's vicegerents in the government of Israel, He Himself being the supreme ruler. As we shall see, there was no regular unbroken succession of judges, but individuals prompted by the Spirit of God were from time to time aroused and empowered to achieve deliverance. They were without pomp or emolument, and had no power to make laws. In a special sense, however, they were executors of the law and avengers of crimes, especially that of idolatry.
5. Othniel, the First Judge, c. 3:1-11.
After enumerating the nations left in the land unconquered, and the reason for permitting them to remain, the story takes up the first general apostasy of Israel and the rule of the first judge. Notice in verses 1-4 the interacting of divine sovereignty and human responsibility. We have seen the reason why these nations were not exterminated from the human point of view to be a lack of faith, but from the divine point of view there was another reason. God permits these nations to remain, as a school for Israel in the art of war (v. 2), and, as an instrument for their discipline in divine things (v. 4).
From intermarrying with these nations the Israelites soon came to serve their gods (vv. 6-7). When therefore they turned their back upon Jehovah, He, in a sense, turned His back upon them, so that they were compelled to serve the Mesopotamians eight years (v. 8). Distress followed sin and repentance resulted from distress. Whereupon God raised up a deliverer in Othniel, whose history has been spoken of before (vv. 9, 10). No details are given of this war, though it must have been a serious struggle. Othniel is victorious and rules Israel in peace for forty years (v. 11).
6. Ehud, the Second Judge, vv. 12-30.
When Israel again fell into sin, God's scourge against them was the Moabites, who joined their earlier enemies, the Amorites and Amalekites, in a successful conquest for eighteen years (v. 14), when distress and repentance are again followed by deliverance.
It makes the blood run cold to read what Ehud did, but we must remember that he was not a murderer but a warrior, and the world has always made a distinction between these two. His act was not one of personal revenge, but patriotic and religious fervor. Moreover, while he was doing God's service in the general sense of that term. his deed is nowhere approved in Scripture. This last remark suggests an important qualification, to which attention has been called before, and which should be applied in instances of a similar character in the Bible record. Lange calls attention to the further fact that a shadow seems to hang over the official career of this man, for his name is not praised in Israel, neither is it said anywhere that the Spirit of the Lord was upon him, nor that he judged Israel. These omissions may be without significance, but are they not noticeable?
7. Shamgar, the Third Judge, v. 31.
The notice of this judgeship is brief and limited to a conflict with the Philistines. The "ox goad" with which he slew 600 men is as an implement eight feet long and about six inches in circumference. At one end it has a sharp prong for driving cattle, and at another a small iron paddle for removing the clay which encumbers the plow in working. Such an instrument wielded by a strong man would do great execution.
【삿2:1 MHCC】It was the great Angel of the covenant, the Word, the Son of God, who spake with Divine authority as Jehovah, and now called them to account for their disobedience. God sets forth what he had done for Israel, and what he had promised. Those who throw off communion with God, and have fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, know not what they do now, and will have nothing to say for themselves in the day of account shortly. They must expect to suffer for this their folly. Those deceive themselves who expect advantages from friendship with God's enemies. God often makes men's sin their punishment; and thorns and snares are in the way of the froward, who will walk contrary to God. The people wept, crying out against their own folly and ingratitude. They trembled at the word, and not without cause. It is a wonder sinners can ever read the Bible with dry eyes. Had they kept close to God and their duty, no voice but that of singing had been heard in their congregation; but by their sin and folly they made other work for themselves, and nothing is to be heard but the voice of weeping. The worship of God, in its own nature, is joy, praise, and thanksgiving; our sins alone render weeping needful. It is pleasing to see men weep for their sins; but our tears, prayers, and even amendment, cannot atone for sin.
【삿2:4 JFB】4, 5. when the angel of the Lord spake these words … the people lifted up their voice, and wept—The angel's expostulation made a deep and painful impression. But the reformation was but temporary, and the gratifying promise of a revival which this scene of emotion held out, was, ere long, blasted by speedy and deeper relapses into the guilt of defection and idolatry.
【삿2:6 JFB】6-10. And when Joshua had let the people go—This passage is a repetition of 수24:29-31. It was inserted here to give the reader the reasons which called forth so strong and severe a rebuke from the angel of the Lord. During the lifetime of the first occupiers, who retained a vivid recollection of all the miracles and judgments which they had witnessed in Egypt and the desert, the national character stood high for faith and piety. But, in course of time, a new race arose who were strangers to all the hallowed and solemnizing experience of their fathers, and too readily yielded to the corrupting influences of the idolatry that surrounded them.
【삿2:6 MHCC】We have a general idea of the course of things in Israel, during the time of the Judges. The nation made themselves as mean and miserable by forsaking God, as they would have been great and happy if they had continued faithful to him. Their punishment answered to the evil they had done. They served the gods of the nations round about them, even the meanest, and God made them serve the princes of the nations round about them, even the meanest. Those who have found God true to his promises, may be sure that he will be as true to his threatenings. He might in justice have abandoned them, but he could not for pity do it. The Lord was with the judges when he raised them up, and so they became saviours. In the days of the greatest distress of the church, there shall be some whom God will find or make fit to help it. The Israelites were not thoroughly reformed; so mad were they upon their idols, and so obstinately bent to backslide. Thus those who have forsaken the good ways of God, which they have once known and professed, commonly grow most daring and desperate in sin, and have their hearts hardened. Their punishment was, that the Canaanites were spared, and so they were beaten with their own rod. Men cherish and indulge their corrupt appetites and passions; therefore God justly leaves them to themselves, under the power of their sins, which will be their ruin. God has told us how deceitful and desperately wicked our hearts are, but we are not willing to believe it, until by making bold with temptation we find it true by sad experience. We need to examine how matters stand with ourselves, and to pray without ceasing, that we may be rooted and grounded in love, and that Christ may dwell in our hearts by faith. Let us declare war against every sin, and follow after holiness all our days.
【삿2:11 JFB】유2:11-19. Wickedness of the New Generation after Joshua.
11-19. the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the Lord—This chapter, together with the first eight verses of the next [유2:11-3:8], contains a brief but comprehensive summary of the principles developed in the following history. An attentive consideration of them, therefore, is of the greatest importance to a right understanding of the strange and varying phases of Israelitish history, from the death of Joshua till the establishment of the monarchy.
served Baalim—The plural is used to include all the gods of the country.
【삿2:13 JFB】13. Ashtaroth—Also a plural word, denoting all the female divinities, whose rites were celebrated by the most gross and revolting impurities.
【삿2:14 JFB】14. the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel, and he delivered them into the hands of spoilers that spoiled them—Adversities in close and rapid succession befell them. But all these calamities were designed only as chastisements—a course of correctional discipline by which God brought His people to see and repent of their errors; for as they returned to faith and allegiance, He "raised up judges" (유2:16).
【삿2:16 JFB】16. which delivered them out of the hand of those that spoiled them—The judges who governed Israel were strictly God's vicegerents in the government of the people, He being the supreme ruler. Those who were thus elevated retained the dignity as long as they lived; but there was no regular, unbroken succession of judges. Individuals, prompted by the inward, irresistible impulse of God's Spirit when they witnessed the depressed state of their country, were roused to achieve its deliverance. It was usually accompanied by a special call, and the people seeing them endowed with extraordinary courage or strength, accepted them as delegates of Heaven, and submitted to their sway. Frequently they were appointed only for a particular district, and their authority extended no farther than over the people whose interests they were commissioned to protect. They were without pomp, equipage, or emoluments attached to the office. They had no power to make laws; for these were given by God; nor to explain them, for that was the province of the priests—but they were officially upholders of the law, defenders of religion, avengers of all crimes, particularly of idolatry and its attendant vices.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.