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■ 사무엘하 4장
1. 사울의 아들 이스보셋이 아브넬의 헤브론에서 죽었다 함을 듣고 손맥이 풀렸고 온 이스라엘이 놀라니라
And when Saul’s son heard that Abner was dead in Hebron , his hands were feeble , and all the Israelites were troubled .
2. 사울의 아들 이스보셋에게 군장 두 사람이 있으니 하나의 이름은 바아나요 하나의 이름은 레갑이라 베냐민 족속 브에롯 사람 림몬의 아들들이더라 브에롯도 베냐민 지파에 속하였으니
And Saul’s son had two men that were captains of bands : the name of the one was Baanah , and the name of the other Rechab , the sons of Rimmon a Beerothite , of the children of Benjamin : (for Beeroth also was reckoned to Benjamin :
3. 일찍 브에롯 사람들이 깃다임으로 도망하여 오늘까지 거기 우거함이더라
And the Beerothites fled to Gittaim , and were sojourners there until this day .)
4. 사울의 아들 요나단에게 절뚝발이 아들 하나가 있으니 이름은 므비보셋이라 전에 사울과 요나단의 죽은 소식이 이스르엘에서 올 때에 그 나이 다섯 살이었는데 그 유모가 안고 도망하더니 급히 도망하므로 아이가 떨어져 절게 되었더라
And Jonathan , Saul’s son , had a son that was lame of his feet . He was five years old when the tidings came of Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel , and his nurse took him up , and fled : and it came to pass, as she made haste to flee , that he fell , and became lame . And his name was Mephibosheth .
5. 브에롯 사람 림몬의 아들 레갑과 바아나가 행하여 볕이 쬘 때 즈음에 이스보셋의 집에 이르니 마침 저가 낮잠을 자는지라
And the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite , Rechab and Baanah , went , and came about the heat of the day to the house of Ish–bosheth , who lay on a bed at noon .
6. 레갑과 그 형제 바아나가 밀을 가지러 온 체하고 집 가운데로 들어가서 그 배를 찌르고 도망하였더라
And they came thither into the midst of the house , as though they would have fetched wheat ; and they smote him under the fifth rib: and Rechab and Baanah his brother escaped .
7. 저희가 집에 들어가니 이스보셋이 침실에서 상 위에 누웠는지라 저를 쳐 죽이고 목을 베어 그 머리를 가지고 밤새도록 아라바 길로 행하여
For when they came into the house , he lay on his bed in his bedchamber , and they smote him, and slew him, and beheaded him, and took his head , and gat them away through the plain all night .
8. 헤브론에 이르러 다윗 왕에게 이스보셋의 머리를 드리며 고하되 왕의 생명을 해하려 하던 원수 사울의 아들 이스보셋의 머리가 여기 있나이다 여호와께서 오늘 우리 주 되신 왕의 원수를 사울과 그 자손에게 갚으셨나이다
And they brought the head of Ish–bosheth unto David to Hebron , and said to the king , Behold the head of Ish–bosheth the son of Saul thine enemy , which sought thy life ; and the Lord hath avenged my lord the king this day of Saul , and of his seed .
9. 다윗이 브레롯 사람 림몬의 아들 레갑과 그 형제 바아나에게 대답하여 가로되 내 생명을 여러 환난 가운데서 건지신 여호와의 사심을 가리켜 맹세하노니
And David answered Rechab and Baanah his brother , the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite , and said unto them, As the Lord liveth , who hath redeemed my soul out of all adversity ,
10. 전에 사람이 내게 고하기를 사울이 죽었다 하며 좋은 소식을 전하는 줄로 생각하였어도 내가 저를 잡아 시글락에서 죽여서 그것으로 그 기별의 갚음을 삼았거든
When one told me, saying , Behold, Saul is dead , thinking to have brought good tidings , I took hold of him, and slew him in Ziklag , who thought that I would have given him a reward for his tidings :
11. 하물며 악인이 의인을 그 집 침상 위에서 죽인 것이겠느냐 그런즉 내가 저의 피흘린 죄를 너희에게 갚아서 너희를 이 땅에서 없이 하지 아니하겠느냐 하고
How much more, when wicked men have slain a righteous person in his own house upon his bed ? shall I not therefore now require his blood of your hand , and take you away from the earth ?
12. 소년들을 명하매 곧 저희를 죽이고 수족을 베어 헤브론 못가에 매어달고 이스보셋의 머리를 가져다가 헤브론에서 아브넬의 무덤에 장사하였더라
And David commanded his young men , and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet , and hanged them up over the pool in Hebron . But they took the head of Ish–bosheth , and buried it in the sepulchre of Abner in Hebron .
■ 주석 보기
【삼하4:1 JFB】삼하4:1, 2. Baanah and Rechab Slay Ish-bosheth, and Bring His Head to Hebron.
【삼하4:1 CWC】1. Lamenting the Dead, c. 1.
Surely the harshness and gentleness of David are strangely blended in this chapter. That one should so lament an enemy and slay the man who professed to murder him surpasses ordinary thought; but David was built on a large mould. Of course the Amalekite lied to David, for the inspired record of the death of Saul in the preceding book must be regarded as correct.
Observe the motive governing David: "Wast thou not afraid * * * * to destroy the LORD's anointed?" (v. 14). It is his zeal for God that moves him, and furnishes the key to his whole life, notwithstanding his defects and iniquities. This is the thing which distinguishes him from Saul, and gives him the right to the peculiar appellation attached to him.
The obscurity of verse 18 is perhaps explained thus: "The use of the bow," might be rendered "the song of the bow," and doubtless refers to the song which follows (vv. 19-27), and which David composed, after the manner of the times, on the death of Saul and Jonathan. "The book of Jasher," or "the book of the upright," is mentioned in Joshua (10: 3), and seems to have been a compilation of sacred poems not otherwise known to us.
2. War Between the Houses, cc. 2:1-3:6.
The leading facts of this section are: David's anointing as king over Judah, his own tribe (v. 4), including his tactful commendation of the men of Jabesh-Gilead (vv. 4-7). David was a diplomat as well as a warrior. Second, the succession of Ishbosheth to the throne left vacant by his father, Saul (vv. 8-10). Third, the earliest battle between the opposing forces, precipitated by the failure of the duel to settle the question between them (vv. 12-17). "Hel-Kath-hazzurim," means "the field of strong men" (see the margin), appropriately named from the deed of valor wrought that day. Fourth, the remarkable armistice (vv. 18-32). Evidently if Abner had not asked for a stay, Joab would have put it into execution the next day, and for the same reason (vv. 25-28). The great value of Asahel is graphically expressed in the words "nineteen men and Asahel" (v. 30). He was more than merely a twentieth. God needs such men in His service. Can He count on us?
3. David Comes Into His Own, cc. 3:6-5:5.
The circumstances leading up to David's ascendancy are as follows:
(a) Abner's indignity to the memory of Saul, and Ishbosheth's protest against it (3:7-11);
(b) The former's league in consequence with David (vv. 12-21);
(c) The murder of Ishbosheth (4:1-12);
(d) The anointing to the office of king (5:1-5).
The intervening verses (3:22-4:27) tell their own story of jealousy and murder. It was a dastardly act of Joab, and Abner seems to have been all through the better man, although Joab was valiant and loyal to his king. Note, however, the curse David puts upon him (3:28, 29), notwithstanding that he continued to use him as his chieftain. David was a noble soul, and his sincere lament for Abner won him the hearts of Israel (vv. 31-39).
【삼하4:1 MHCC】See how Ishbosheth was murdered! When those difficulties dispirit us, which should sharpen our endeavours, we betray both our heavenly crowns and our earthly lives. Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty and ruin. The idle soul is an easy prey to the destroyer. We know not when and where death will meet us. When we lie down to sleep, we are not sure that we may not sleep the sleep of death before we awake; nor do we know from what hand the death-blow may come.
【삼하4:4 JFB】4. Jonathan, Saul's son, had a son that was lame of his feet—This is mentioned as a reason why, according to Oriental notions, he was considered unfit for exercising the duties of sovereignty.
【삼하4:5 JFB】5, 6. Rechab and Baanah went and came about the heat of the day to the house of Ish-bosheth, &c.—It is still a custom in the East to allow their soldiers a certain quantity of corn, together with some pay; and these two captains very naturally went to the palace the day before to fetch wheat, in order to distribute it to the soldiers, that it might be sent to the mill at the accustomed hour in the morning.
【삼하4:7 JFB】7. when they came into the house, he lay on his bed—Rechab and Baanah came in the heat of the day, when they knew that Ish-bosheth, their master, would be resting on his divan; and as it was necessary, for the reason just given, to have the corn the day before it was needed, their coming at that time, though it might be a little earlier than usual, created no suspicion, and attracted no notice [Harmer].
gat them away through the plain—that is, the valley of the Jordan, through which their way lay from Mahanaim to Hebron.
【삼하4:8 JFB】8. They brought the head of Ish-bosheth unto David … and said, Behold the head of Ish-bosheth—Such bloody trophies of rebels and conspirators have always been acceptable to princes in the East, and the carriers have been liberally rewarded. Ish-bosheth being a usurper, the two assassins thought they were doing a meritorious service to David by removing the only existing obstacle to the union of the two kingdoms.
【삼하4:8 MHCC】A person may be glad to obtain his just wishes, and yet really regret the means by which he receives them. He may be sorry for the death of a person by which he is a gainer. These men shed innocent blood, from the basest motives. David justly executed vengeance upon them. He would not be beholden to any to help him by unlawful practices. God had helped him over many a difficulty, and through many a danger, therefore he depended upon him to crown and complete his own work. He speaks of his redemption from all adversity, as a thing done; though he had many storms yet before him, he knew that He who had delivered, would deliver.
【삼하4:10 JFB】삼하4:10-12. David Causes Them to Be Put to Death.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.