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■ 사무엘하 22장
1. 여호와께서 다윗을 모든 대적의 손과 사울의 손에서 구원하신 그 날에 다윗이 이 노래의 말씀으로 여호와께 아뢰어
And David spake unto the Lord the words of this song in the day that the Lord had delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies , and out of the hand of Saul :
2. 가로되 여호와는 나의 반석이시요 나의 요새시요 나를 건지시는 자시요
And he said , The Lord is my rock , and my fortress , and my deliverer ;
3. 나의 하나님이시요 나의 피할 바위시요 나의 방패시요 나의 구원의 뿔이시요 나의 높은 망대시요 나의 피난처시요 나의 구원자시라 나를 흉악에서 구원하셨도다
The God of my rock ; in him will I trust : he is my shield , and the horn of my salvation , my high tower , and my refuge , my saviour ; thou savest me from violence .
4. 내가 찬송 받으실 여호와께 아뢰리니 내 원수들에게서 구원을 얻으리로다
I will call on the Lord , who is worthy to be praised : so shall I be saved from mine enemies .
5. 사망의 물결이 나를 에우고 불의의 창수가 나를 두렵게 하였으며
When the waves of death compassed me, the floods of ungodly men made me afraid ;
6. 음부의 줄이 나를 두르고 사망의 올무가 내게 이르렀도다
The sorrows of hell compassed me about ; the snares of death prevented me;
7. 내가 환난 중에서 여호와께 아뢰며 나의 하나님께 아뢰었더니 저가 그 전에서 내 소리를 들으심이여 나의 부르짖음이 그 귀에 들렸도다
In my distress I called upon the Lord , and cried to my God : and he did hear my voice out of his temple , and my cry did enter into his ears .
8. 이에 땅이 진동하고 떨며 하늘 기초가 요동하고 흔들렸으니 그의 진노를 인함이로다
Then the earth shook and trembled ; the foundations of heaven moved and shook , because he was wroth .
9. 그 코에서 연기가 오르고 입에서 불이 나와 사름이여 그 불에 숯이 피었도다
There went up a smoke out of his nostrils , and fire out of his mouth devoured : coals were kindled by it.
10. 저가 또 하늘을 드리우고 강림하시니 그 발 아래는 어둑캄캄하도다
He bowed the heavens also, and came down ; and darkness was under his feet .
11. 그룹을 타고 날으심이여 바람 날개 위에 나타나셨도다
And he rode upon a cherub , and did fly : and he was seen upon the wings of the wind .
12. 저가 흑암 곧 모인 물과 공중의 빽빽한 구름으로 둘린 장막을 삼으심이여
And he made darkness pavilions round about him, dark waters , and thick clouds of the skies .
13. 그 앞에 있는 광채로 인하여 숯불이 피었도다
Through the brightness before him were coals of fire kindled .
14. 여호와께서 하늘에서 뇌성을 발하시며 지존하신 자가 음성을 내심이여
The Lord thundered from heaven , and the most High uttered his voice .
15. 살을 날려 저희를 흩으시며 번개로 파하셨도다
And he sent out arrows , and scattered them; lightning , and discomfited them.
16. 이럴 때에 여호와의 꾸지람과 콧김을 인하여 물 밑이 드러나고 땅의 기초가 나타났도다
And the channels of the sea appeared , the foundations of the world were discovered , at the rebuking of the Lord , at the blast of the breath of his nostrils .
17. 저가 위에서 보내사 나를 취하심이여 많은 물에서 나를 건져내셨도다
He sent from above , he took me; he drew me out of many waters ;
18. 나를 강한 원수와 미워하는 자에게서 건지셨음이여 저희는 나보다 힘센 연고로다
He delivered me from my strong enemy , and from them that hated me: for they were too strong for me.
19. 저희가 나의 재앙의 날에 내게 이르렀으나 여호와께서 나의 의지가 되셨도다
They prevented me in the day of my calamity : but the Lord was my stay .
20. 나를 또 넓은 곳으로 인도하시고 나를 기뻐하시므로 구원하셨도다
He brought me forth also into a large place : he delivered me, because he delighted in me.
21. 여호와께서 내 의를 따라 상 주시며 내 손의 깨끗함을 좇아 갚으셨으니
The Lord rewarded me according to my righteousness : according to the cleanness of my hands hath he recompensed me.
22. 이는 내가 여호와의 도를 지키고 악을 행하여 내 하나님을 떠나지 아니하였으며
For I have kept the ways of the Lord , and have not wickedly departed from my God .
23. 그 모든 규례를 내 앞에 두고 그 율례를 버리지 아니하였음이로다
For all his judgments were before me: and as for his statutes , I did not depart from them.
24. 내가 또 그 앞에 완전하여 스스로 지켜 죄악을 피하였나니
I was also upright before him, and have kept myself from mine iniquity .
25. 그러므로 여호와께서 내 의대로, 그 목전에 내 깨끗한 대로 내게 갚으셨도다
Therefore the Lord hath recompensed me according to my righteousness ; according to my cleanness in his eye sight .
26. 자비한 자에게는 주의 자비하심을 나타내시며 완전한 자에게는 주의 완전하심을 보이시며
With the merciful thou wilt shew thyself merciful , and with the upright man thou wilt shew thyself upright .
27. 깨끗한 자에게는 주의 깨끗하심을 보이시며 사특한 자에게는 주의 거스리심을 보이시리이다
With the pure thou wilt shew thyself pure ; and with the froward thou wilt shew thyself unsavoury .
28. 주께서 곤고한 백성은 구원하시고 교만한 자를 살피사 낮추시리이다
And the afflicted people thou wilt save : but thine eyes are upon the haughty , that thou mayest bring them down .
29. 여호와여 주는 나의 등불이시니 여호와께서 나의 흑암을 밝히시리이다
For thou art my lamp , O Lord : and the Lord will lighten my darkness .
30. 내가 주를 의뢰하고 적군에 달리며 내 하나님을 의지하고 성벽을 뛰어 넘나이다
For by thee I have run through a troop : by my God have I leaped over a wall .
31. 하나님의 도는 완전하고 여호와의 말씀은 정미하니 저는 자기에게 피하는 모든 자에게 방패시로다
As for God , his way is perfect ; the word of the Lord is tried : he is a buckler to all them that trust in him.
32. 여호와 외에 누가 하나님이며 우리 하나님 외에 누가 바위뇨
For who is God , save the Lord ? and who is a rock , save our God ?
33. 하나님은 나의 견고한 요새시며 나를 온전한 곳으로 인도하시며
God is my strength and power : and he maketh my way perfect .
34. 나의 발로 암사슴 발 같게 하시며 나를 나의 높은 곳에 세우시며
He maketh my feet like hinds’ feet: and setteth me upon my high places .
35. 내 손을 가르쳐 싸우게 하시니 내 팔이 놋활을 당기도다
He teacheth my hands to war ; so that a bow of steel is broken by mine arms .
36. 주께서 또 주의 구원의 방패를 내게 주시며 주의 온유함이 나를 크게 하셨나이다
Thou hast also given me the shield of thy salvation : and thy gentleness hath made me great .
37. 내 걸음을 넓게 하셨고 나로 실족지 않게 하셨나이다
Thou hast enlarged my steps under me; so that my feet did not slip .
38. 내가 내 원수를 따라 멸하였사오며 저희를 무찌르기 전에는 돌이키지 아니하였나이다
I have pursued mine enemies , and destroyed them; and turned not again until I had consumed them.
39. 내가 저희를 무찔러 파하였더니 저희가 내 발 아래 엎드러지고 능히 일어나지 못하였나이다
And I have consumed them, and wounded them, that they could not arise : yea, they are fallen under my feet .
40. 이는 주께서 나로 전쟁케 하려고 능력으로 내게 띠 띠우사 일어나 나를 치는 자로 내게 굴복케 하셨사오며
For thou hast girded me with strength to battle : them that rose up against me hast thou subdued under me.
41. 주께서 또 내 원수들로 등을 내게로 향하게 하시고 나로 나를 미워하는 자를 끊어 버리게 하셨음이니이다
Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies , that I might destroy them that hate me.
42. 저희가 둘러보아도 구원할 자가 없었고 여호와께 부르짖어도 대답지 아니하셨나이다
They looked , but there was none to save ; even unto the Lord , but he answered them not.
43. 내가 저희를 땅의 티끌 같이 부스러뜨리고 거리의 진흙 같이 밟아 헤쳤나이다
Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth , I did stamp them as the mire of the street , and did spread them abroad .
44. 주께서 또 나를 내 백성의 다툼에서 건지시고 나를 보존하사 열방의 으뜸을 삼으셨으니 내가 알지 못하는 백성이 나를 섬기리이다
Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people , thou hast kept me to be head of the heathen : a people which I knew not shall serve me.
45. 이방인들이 내게 굴복함이여 저희가 내 풍성을 듣고 곧 순복하리로다
Strangers shall submit themselves unto me: as soon as they hear , they shall be obedient unto me.
46. 이방인들이 쇠미하여 그 견고한 곳에서 떨며 나오리로다
Strangers shall fade away , and they shall be afraid out of their close places .
47. 여호와는 생존하시니 나의 바위를 찬송하며 내 구원의 바위이신 하나님을 높일지로다
The Lord liveth ; and blessed be my rock ; and exalted be the God of the rock of my salvation .
48. 이 하나님이 나를 위하여 보수하시고 민족들로 내게 복종케 하시며
It is God that avengeth me, and that bringeth down the people under me,
49. 나를 원수들에게서 나오게 하시며 나를 대적하는 자 위에 나를 드시고 나를 강포한 자에게서 건지시는도다
And that bringeth me forth from mine enemies : thou also hast lifted me up on high above them that rose up against me: thou hast delivered me from the violent man .
50. 이러므로 여호와여 내가 열방 중에서 주께 감사하며 주의 이름을 찬양하리이다
Therefore I will give thanks unto thee, O Lord , among the heathen , and I will sing praises unto thy name .
51. 여호와께서 그 왕에게 큰 구원을 주시며 기름 부음 받은 자에게 인자를 베푸심이여 영원토록 다윗과 그 후손에게로다 하였더라
He is the tower of salvation for his king : and sheweth mercy to his anointed , unto David , and to his seed for evermore .
■ 주석 보기
【삼하22:1 JFB】삼하22:1-51. David's Psalm of Thanksgiving for God's Powerful Deliverance and Manifold Blessings.
The song contained in this chapter is the same as the eighteenth Psalm, where the full commentary will be given [see on 시18:1, &c.]. It may be sufficient simply to remark that Jewish writers have noticed a great number of very minute variations in the language of the song as recorded here, from that embodied in the Book of Psalms—which may be accounted for by the fact that this, the first copy of the poem, was carefully revised and altered by David afterwards, when it was set to the music of the tabernacle. This inspired ode was manifestly the effusion of a mind glowing with the highest fervor of piety and gratitude, and it is full of the noblest imagery that is to be found within the range even of sacred poetry. It is David's grand tribute of thanksgiving for deliverance from his numerous and powerful enemies, and establishing him in the power and glory of the kingdom.
【삼하22:1 CWC】[MINGLED EXPERIENCES]
1. The Grateful Retrospect, c. 22.
The title of this section is that which Spurgeon gives the psalm which constitutes it. The psalm is numbered 18 in the book of Psalms, and will be found to contain variations in the text. A common explanation of these is that David sung it, or caused it to be sung, often, and hence revised it for final use in the tabernacle.
The second and forty-ninth verses of the psalm are quoted in the New Testament as the words of Jesus Christ (롬15:9 and 히2:13), which gives it a right to be classed as a Messianic psalm. Such psalms are those in which the psalmist is either referring to the Messiah, or in which the latter, by His Spirit, is speaking in the first person through the psalmist. There is a sense, therefore, in which all through this psalm we may think of Jesus as referring to His own sorrows while on the earth, His deliverance from His enemies, and His triumphs over opposition.
To speak of the psalm more in detail, verse 1 gives its occasion; verses 2 and 4, its theme; 5 to 19 speak poetically of the deliverances obtained through the power of God; 20 to 28, the reason for them as based on the psalmist's righteousness; 29 to 43, the preparation and girding the psalmist himself received; and 44 to 51 mingle praise for the past and prophecy for the future.
It is the fourth division, 20 to 28 more than any other, that makes it difficult to apply the psalm to David except in a highly poetical sense, and which gives it a Messianic significance.
2. The Last Words, 23:1-7.
What is meant by the first sentence of this chapter is difficult to say. It reads like a note of some editor and may mean that the verses following, although poetical, are not part of the preceding song.
The whole section is reminiscent and expressive of trust in God. The second verse is a strong testimony to the divine inspiration of David's words.
David's house had not been what it should have been (v. 5), yet God's covenant was sure, and for His own Name's sake it would be carried forward until the Messiah should sit upon the throne. He was David's desire and salvation.
3. A Catalogue of the Mighty, 23:8-39.
David's great human helpers are here designated and short sketches given of them. Space will not permit any enlarged commentary on the text, nor is it necessary. But note the supernatural character of their achievements -- "the Lord wrought a great victory" (v. 12).
There were three classes of these men. The first consisted of the first three named, verses 8 to 17; the second, of the next three, Abishai, Benaiah and Asahel, apparently, 18 to 24; and the third of the last thirty, of whom, it would appear, Asahel was chief.
4. Numbering the People, 24:1-9.
When this took place is not easy to determine, but it is disappointing to note that it was a testing of David's character in which he failed.
"He" before "moved" in verse 1, refers to Satan, as will be seen from 대상21:3, and shows that although God does not tempt any man (약1:13), yet, sometimes He permits the adversary of souls to do it In this case He withdrew His supporting grace and the king fell (vv. 3, 4).
How long did it take to obtain this census, and what was its report (vv. 8, 9)?
There is an apparent discrepancy between the record here and 1 Chronicles 21, which, however, can be explained.
Samuel says, "there were in Israel 800,000 valiant men"; while Chronicles says, "And all they of Israel were a thousand thousand and an hundred thousand men that drew sword" -- 300,000 more. The words in the second case, "all they of Israel," suggests the key to the difficulty. Chronicles gives the full number of the military belonging to Israel, while Samuel omits the special guards of the king and the princes who were in actual service as militia, and which were just 300,000.
In like manner, Samuel says, "The men of Judah were 500,000 men," while Chronicles records that "Judah was 470,000 that drew sword." The difference is explained by the army of observation on the frontiers of Philistia (삼하6:1, 2) which were not included by the author of Chronicles, though they were by the author of Samuel. In this case the first-named does not say "all they of Judah," as he had of Israel.
5. A Choice of Chastisement, vv. 10-25.
God graciously leads David to repentance (v. 10), but He can by no means clear the guilty (vv. 11, 12), yet mercy mingles with justice (vv. 13, 14).
Note the difference between David's spirit in verse 17, and that of Saul in corresponding circumstances (삼상15:15). And do not overlook Araunah's kingly generosity on the one hand (v. 23), or David's conscientiousness on the other (v. 24). Of course, "Ornan" in Chronicles is only another pronunciation of Araunah in Samuel.
Observe from 대상21:28-22:5, that the threshing floor subsequently became the site of Solomon's temple.
【삼하22:1 MHCC】David's psalm of thanksgiving.
—This chapter is a psalm of praise; we find it afterwards nearly as Ps 18. They that trust God in the way of duty, shall find him a present help in their greatest dangers: David did so. Remarkable preservations should be particularly mentioned in our praises. We shall never be delivered from all enemies till we get to heaven. God will preserve all his people, 딤후4:18. Those who receive signal mercies from God, ought to give him the glory. In the day that God delivered David, he sang this song. While the mercy is fresh, and we are most affected with it, let the thank-offering be brought, to be kindled with the fire of that affection. All his joys and hopes close, as all our hopes should do, in the great Redeemer.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.