티스토리 뷰
■ 목차
├ 본문 보기
├ 주석 보기
└ 일러두기
| 한글듣기☞ | 영어듣기☞ |
■ 사무엘하 13장
1. 그 후에 이 일이 있으니라 다윗의 아들 압살롬에게 아름다운 누이가 있으니 이름은 다말이라 다윗의 아들 암논이 저를 연애하나
And it came to pass after this, that Absalom the son of David had a fair sister , whose name was Tamar ; and Amnon the son of David loved her.
2. 저는 처녀이므로 어찌할 수 없는 줄을 알고 암논이 그 누이 다말을 인하여 심화로 병이 되니라
And Amnon was so vexed , that he fell sick for his sister Tamar ; for she was a virgin ; and Amnon thought it hard for him to do any thing to her.
3. 암논에게 요나답이라 하는 친구가 있으니 저는 다윗의 형 시므아의 아들이요 심히 간교한자라
But Amnon had a friend , whose name was Jonadab , the son of Shimeah David’s brother : and Jonadab was a very subtil man .
4. 저가 암논에게 이르되 왕자여 어찌하여 나날이 이렇게 파리하여 가느뇨 내게 고하지 아니하겠느뇨 암논이 말하되 내가 아우 압살롬의 누이 다말을 연애함이니라
And he said unto him, Why art thou, being the king’s son , lean from day to day ? wilt thou not tell me? And Amnon said unto him, I love Tamar , my brother Absalom’s sister .
5. 요나답이 저에게 이르되 침상에 누워 병든체하다가 네 부친이 너를 보러 오거든 너는 말하기를 청컨대 내 누이 다말로 와서 내게 식물을 먹이되 나 보는데서 식물을 차려 그 손으로 먹여주게 하옵소서 하라
And Jonadab said unto him, Lay thee down on thy bed , and make thyself sick : and when thy father cometh to see thee, say unto him, I pray thee, let my sister Tamar come , and give me meat , and dress the meat in my sight , that I may see it, and eat it at her hand .
6. 암논이 곧 누워 병든체하다가 왕이 와서 저를 볼 때에 왕께 고하되 청컨대 내 누이 다말로 와서 내가 보는데서 과자 두어 개를 만들어 그 손으로 내게 먹여주게 하옵소서
So Amnon lay down , and made himself sick : and when the king was come to see him, Amnon said unto the king , I pray thee, let Tamar my sister come , and make me a couple of cakes in my sight , that I may eat at her hand .
7. 다윗이 사람을 그 집으로 보내어 다말에게 이르되 네 오라비 암논의 집으로 가서 저를 위하여 음식을 차리라 한지라
Then David sent home to Tamar , saying , Go now to thy brother Amnon’s house , and dress him meat .
8. 다말이 그 오라비 암논의 집에 이르매 암논이 누었더라 다말이 밀가루를 가지고 반죽하여 그 보는데서 과자를 만들고 그 과자를 굽고
So Tamar went to her brother Amnon’s house ; and he was laid down . And she took flour , and kneaded it, and made cakes in his sight , and did bake the cakes .
9. 그 남비를 가져다가 그 앞에 쏟아 놓아도 암논이 먹기를 싫어하고 가로되 모든 사람을 나가게 하라 하니 다 저를 떠나 나가니라
And she took a pan , and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat . And Amnon said , Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.
10. 암논이 다말에게 이르되 식물을 가지고 침실로 들어오라 내가 네 손에서 먹으리라 다말이 자기의 만든 과자를 가지고 침실에 들어가 그 오라비 암논에게 이르러
And Amnon said unto Tamar , Bring the meat into the chamber , that I may eat of thine hand . And Tamar took the cakes which she had made , and brought them into the chamber to Amnon her brother .
11. 저에게 먹이려고 가까이 가지고 갈 때에 암논이 그를 붙잡고 이르되 누이야 와서 나와 동침하자
And when she had brought them unto him to eat , he took hold of her, and said unto her, Come lie with me, my sister .
12. 저가 대답하되 아니라 내 오라비여 나를 욕되게 말라 이런 일은 이스라엘에서 마땅히 행치 못할 것이니 이 괴악한 일을 행치 말라
And she answered him, Nay, my brother , do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel : do not thou this folly .
13. 내가 이 수치를 무릅쓰고 어디로 가겠느냐 너도 이스라엘에서 괴악한 자 중 하나가 되리라 청컨대 왕께 말하라 저가 나를 네게 주기를 거절치 아니하시리라 하되
And I, whither shall I cause my shame to go ? and as for thee, thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel . Now therefore, I pray thee, speak unto the king ; for he will not withhold me from thee.
14. 암논이 그 말을 듣지 아니하고 다말보다 힘이 세므로 억지로 동침하니라
Howbeit he would not hearken unto her voice : but, being stronger than she, forced her, and lay with her.
15. 그리하고 암논이 저를 심히 미워하니 이제 미워하는 미움이 이왕 연애하던 연애보다 더한지라 곧 저에게 이르되 일어나 가라
Then Amnon hated her exceedingly ; so that the hatred wherewith he hated her was greater than the love wherewith he had loved her. And Amnon said unto her, Arise , be gone .
16. 다말이 가로되 가치 아니하다 나를 쫓아 보내는 이 큰 악은 아까 내게 행한 그 악보다 더하다 하되 암논이 듣지 아니하고
And she said unto him, There is no cause : this evil in sending me away is greater than the other that thou didst unto me. But he would not hearken unto her.
17. 그 부리는 종을 불러 이르되 이 계집을 내어보내고 곧 문빗장을 지르라 하니
Then he called his servant that ministered unto him, and said , Put now this woman out from me, and bolt the door after her.
18. 암논의 하인이 저를 끌어내고 곧 문빗장을 지르니라 다말이 채색옷을 입었으니 출가하지 아니한 공주는 이런 옷으로 단장하는 법이라
And she had a garment of divers colours upon her: for with such robes were the king’s daughters that were virgins apparelled . Then his servant brought her out , and bolted the door after her.
19. 다말이 재를 그 머리에 무릅쓰고 그 채색옷을 찢고 손을 머리 위에 얹고 크게 울며 가니라
And Tamar put ashes on her head , and rent her garment of divers colours that was on her, and laid her hand on her head , and went on crying .
20. 그 오라비 압살롬이 저에게 이르되 네 오라비 암논이 너와 함께 있었느냐 그러나 저는 네 오라비니 누이야 시방은 잠잠히 있고 이것으로 인하여 근심하지 말라 이에 다말이 그 오라비 압살롬의 집에 있어 처량하게 지내니라
And Absalom her brother said unto her, Hath Amnon thy brother been with thee? but hold now thy peace , my sister : he is thy brother ; regard not this thing . So Tamar remained desolate in her brother Absalom’s house .
21. 다윗 왕이 이 모든 일을 듣고 심히 노하니라
But when king David heard of all these things , he was very wroth .
22. 압살롬이 그 누이 다말을 암논이 욕되게 하였으므로 저를 미워하여 시비간에 말하지 아니하니라
And Absalom spake unto his brother Amnon neither good nor bad : for Absalom hated Amnon , because he had forced his sister Tamar .
23. 이 주년 후에 에브라임 곁 바알하솔에서 압살롬의 양털을 깎는 일이 있으매 압살롬이 왕의 모든 아들을 청하고
And it came to pass after two full years , that Absalom had sheepshearers in Baal–hazor , which is beside Ephraim : and Absalom invited all the king’s sons .
24. 왕께 나아와 말하되 이제 종에게 양털 깎는 일이 있사오니 청컨대 왕은 신복들을 데리시고 이 종과 함께 가사이다
And Absalom came to the king , and said , Behold now, thy servant hath sheepshearers ; let the king , I beseech thee, and his servants go with thy servant .
25. 왕이 압살롬에게 이르되 아니라 내 아들아 우리가 다 갈 것이 없다 네게 누를 끼칠까 하노라 압살롬이 간청하되 저가 가지 아니하고 위하여 복을 비는지라
And the king said to Absalom , Nay, my son , let us not all now go , lest we be chargeable unto thee. And he pressed him: howbeit he would not go , but blessed him.
26. 압살롬이 가로되 그렇게 아니하시려거든 청컨대 내 형 암논으로 우리와 함께 가게 하옵소서 왕이 저에게 이르되 그가 너와 함께 갈 것이 무엇이냐 하되
Then said Absalom , If not, I pray thee, let my brother Amnon go with us. And the king said unto him, Why should he go with thee?
27. 압살롬이 간청하매 왕이 암논과 왕의 모든 아들을 저와 함께 보내니라
But Absalom pressed him, that he let Amnon and all the king’s sons go with him.
28. 압살롬이 이미 그 사환들에게 분부하여 이르기를 너희는 암논의 마음이 술로 즐거워할 때를 자세히 보다가 내가 너희에게 암논을 치라 하거든 저를 죽이라 두려워 말라 내가 너희에게 명한 것이 아니냐 너희는 담대히 용맹을 내라 한지라
Now Absalom had commanded his servants , saying , Mark ye now when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine , and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon ; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous , and be valiant .
29. 압살롬의 사환들이 그 분부대로 암논에게 행하매 왕의 모든 아들이 일어나 각기 노새를 타고 도망하니라
And the servants of Absalom did unto Amnon as Absalom had commanded . Then all the king’s sons arose , and every man gat him up upon his mule , and fled .
30. 저희가 길에 있을 때에 압살롬이 왕의 모든 아들을 죽이고 하나도 남기지 아니하였다는 소문이 다윗에게 이르매
And it came to pass, while they were in the way , that tidings came to David , saying , Absalom hath slain all the king’s sons , and there is not one of them left .
31. 왕이 곧 일어나서 그 옷을 찢고 땅에 엎드러지고 그 신복들도 다 옷을 찢고 모셔 선지라
Then the king arose , and tare his garments , and lay on the earth ; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent .
32. 다윗의 형 시므아의 아들 요나답이 고하여 가로되 내 주여 소년 왕자들이 다 죽임을 당한 줄로 생각지 마옵소서 오직 암논만 죽었으리이다 저가 압살롬의 누이 다말을 욕되게 한 날부터 압살롬이 결심한 것이니이다
And Jonadab , the son of Shimeah David’s brother , answered and said , Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men the king’s sons ; for Amnon only is dead : for by the appointment of Absalom this hath been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar .
33. 그러하온즉 내 주 왕이여 왕자들이 다 죽은줄로 생각하여 괘념하지 마옵소서 암논만 죽었으리이다
Now therefore let not my lord the king take the thing to his heart , to think that all the king’s sons are dead : for Amnon only is dead .
34. 이에 압살롬은 도망하니라 파수하는 소년이 눈을 들어 보니 뒷산 언덕길로 여러 사람이 오더라
But Absalom fled . And the young man that kept the watch lifted up his eyes , and looked , and, behold, there came much people by the way of the hill side behind him.
35. 요나답이 왕께 고하되 왕자들이 오나이다 종의 말한 대로 되었나이다
And Jonadab said unto the king , Behold, the king’s sons come : as thy servant said , so it is.
36. 말을 마치자 왕자들이 이르러 대성통곡하니 왕과 그 모든 신복도 심히 통곡하니라
And it came to pass, as soon as he had made an end of speaking , that, behold, the king’s sons came , and lifted up their voice and wept : and the king also and all his servants wept very sore .
37. 압살롬은 도망하여 그술 왕 암미훌의 아들 달매에게로 갔고 다윗은 날마다 그 아들을 인하여 슬퍼하니라
But Absalom fled , and went to Talmai , the son of Ammihud , king of Geshur . And David mourned for his son every day .
38. 압살롬이 도망하여 그술로 가서 거한지 삼 년이라
So Absalom fled , and went to Geshur , and was there three years .
39. 다윗 왕의 마음이 압살롬에게 향하여 간절하니 암논은 이미 죽었으므로 왕이 위로를 받았음이더라
And the soul of king David longed to go forth unto Absalom : for he was comforted concerning Amnon , seeing he was dead .
■ 주석 보기
【삼하13:1 JFB】삼하13:1-5. Amnon Loves Tamar.
1. Tamar—daughter of David by Maachah (삼하3:3).
【삼하13:1 CWC】["O, ABSALOM, MY SON, MY SON!"]
1. Lust, Murder and Deceit, c. 13.
In the preceding lesson judgments were foretold as coming on David, and we are entering on that part of his career when the prediction is fulfilled in earnest.
The foulness of this chapter we would not dwell upon more than we can help. Tamar of course, while sister to Absalom, was half-sister to Amnon, the two young men being sons of David by different wives.
"A garment of divers colours" (v. 18) might be rendered "a long garment with sleeves."
"Geshur," whither Absalom fled, was in the north near Syria and the country of his maternal ancestors (2 Sam, 3:3), for no refuge could have been given him in Israel (민35:21).
2. A Strategem Well Meant, c. 14.
Joab could not be charged with lack of love and loyalty to his king, as the story of this chapter shows. He knows the struggle in David's heart between his love for his son and his desire to respect the law in the case of murderers. Therefore he concocts the scheme of this woman by whose supposititous case the king is brought to see that there may be a higher justice in ignoring a lower one. As Absalom was the light of Israel in the sense that on the death of Amnon he was heir to the kingdom, David would be doing nothing more in pardoning him than he had agreed to do in the case of this widow's son (vv. 13-17). But David's action was wrong nevertheless. See 창9:6, 신18:18, etc.
Let not the beautiful words of verse 14 escape attention. How they suggest the love of God for us in Jesus Christ! He was the means devised that we might not be banished from His presence.
3. Love Ill-requited, c. 15.
Absalom had rather be free in Geshur than a prisoner in Jerusalem, and Joab is forced, after two years, to make an effort to bring him and his father together, which succeeds (14: 21-33).
But Absalom is as mean in spirit as he is noble in appearance. His father has reigned too long to suit him and, availing himself of certain causes of complaint, and using the arts of the demagog, he raises a formidable insurrection to put himself on the throne (vv. 1-12).
The word "forty" (v. 7) is thought to be an error, and some versions have "four." With the reference to Ahithophel (v. 12), compare Psalms 41 and 55, and for the further experience of David, see Psalm 3.
The foreigners named in verses 18-22 were doubtless special guards David kept about him since the days of his exile among the Philistines.
The rest of the chapter is a striking illustration of how David combined piety with statesmanlike leadership. He was still "behaving himself wisely" as in the days of his youth.
4. Kissing the Rod that Smites, cc. 16, 17.
Ziba was a liar seeking favor with the king he foresaw would return to power (16: 1-4), and Shimei a cowardly avenger of his supposed wrongs who imagines David's days are numbered. Nursing his wrath a long while, now at a safe distance he displays it (vv. 5-14). But David kisses the rod that smites him. He sees the hand of God in it all and worships His will (vv. 10-12). Happy the penitent in such a case who can exclaim with Elizabeth Prentiss:
"Let sorrow do its work,
Send grief and pain;
Sweet are Thy messengers.
Sweet their refrain,
When they can sing with me.
More love, O Christ, to Thee,
More love to Thee."
Ahithophel, highly esteemed as a counselor recommends, in verses 20-23, that which to Absalom would be like burning his bridges behind him and which would compel every man in Israel to determine whose side he was on. There could be no reconciliation between father and son after this indignity.
The contents of chapter 17 carry their explanation on their face. Ahithophel's counsel is wise to seize David's person before he can gather a formidable army (vv. 1-4), but the Lord defeats it through Hushai (vv. 5-14). (Compare 고전1:27, 28). Hushai doubts whether his counsel will be taken, which explains his efforts to get the news to David (vv. 15-22); but Ahithophel, finding that it is taken, commits suicide foreseeing David's victory and his retribution as the result (v. 23).
5. How Fathers Love, c. 18.
The praises of a mother's love are often sung, but this chapter teaches us that a father's can be just as passionate and unreasoning (v. 5}. Joab's act (vv. 14, 15) seems to have been justified by all the circumstances, for there could be no peace in Israel and Absalom alive. His death spared many lives. The manner of his burial, expressing loathing and abhorrence of him (v. 17), was different from what he had expected for himself (v. 18).
The heartrending cry of David (v. 33) seems to pierce all space from that day to this, and we hear it ringing in our ears even now.
【삼하13:1 MHCC】From henceforward David was followed with one trouble after another. Adultery and murder were David's sins, the like sins among his children were the beginnings of his punishment: he was too indulgent to his children. Thus David might trace the sins of his children to his own misconduct, which must have made the anguish of the chastisement worse. Let no one ever expect good treatment from those who are capable of attempting their seduction; but it is better to suffer the greatest wrong than to commit the least sin.
【삼하13:2 JFB】2. for she was a virgin—Unmarried daughters were kept in close seclusion from the company of men; no strangers, nor even their relatives of the other sex, being permitted to see them without the presence of witnesses. Of course, Amnon must have seen Tamar, for he had conceived a violent passion for her, which, though forbidden by the law (레18:11), yet with the sanction of Abraham's example (창20:12), and the common practice in neighboring countries for princes to marry their half sisters, he seems not to have considered an improper connection. But he had no means of making it known to her, and the pain of that disappointment preying upon his mind produced a visible change in his appearance and health.
【삼하13:3 JFB】3. Jonadab, the son of Shimeah—or Shammah (삼상16:9). By the counsel and contrivance of this scheming cousin a plan was devised for obtaining an unrestricted interview with the object of his attachment.
【삼하13:4 JFB】4. my brother Absalom's sister—In Eastern countries, where polygamy prevails, the girls are considered to be under the special care and protection of their uterine brother, who is the guardian of their interests and their honor, even more than their father himself (see on 창34:6-25).
【삼하13:6 JFB】삼하13:6-27. He Defiles Her.
6-8. Amnon lay down, and made himself sick—The Orientals are great adepts in feigning sickness, whenever they have any object to accomplish.
let Tamar my sister come and make me a couple of cakes—To the king Amnon spoke of Tamar as "his sister," a term artfully designed to hoodwink his father; and the request appeared so natural, the delicate appetite of a sick man requiring to be humored, that the king promised to send her. The cakes seem to have been a kind of fancy bread, in the preparation of which Oriental ladies take great delight. Tamar, flattered by the invitation, lost no time in rendering the required service in the house of her sick brother.
【삼하13:12 JFB】12-14. do not force me—The remonstrances and arguments of Tamar were so affecting and so strong, that had not Amnon been violently goaded on by the lustful passion of which he had become the slave, they must have prevailed with him to desist from his infamous purpose. In bidding him, however, "speak to the king, for he will not withhold me from thee," it is probable that she urged this as her last resource, saying anything she thought would please him, in order to escape for the present out of his hands.
【삼하13:15 JFB】15. Then Amnon hated her exceedingly—It is not unusual for persons instigated by violent and irregular passions to go from one extreme to another. In Amnon's case the sudden revulsion is easily accounted for; the atrocity of his conduct, with all the feelings of shame, remorse, and dread of exposure and punishment, now burst upon his mind, rendering the presence of Tamar intolerably painful to him.
【삼하13:17 JFB】17. bolt the door after her—The street door of houses in the East is always kept barred—the bolts being of wood. In the great mansions, where a porter stands at the outside, this precaution is dispensed with; and the circumstance, therefore, of a prince giving an order so unusual shows the vehement perturbation of Ammon's mind.
【삼하13:18 JFB】18. garment of divers colours—As embroidery in ancient times was the occupation or pastime of ladies of the highest rank, the possession of these parti-colored garments was a mark of distinction; they were worn exclusively by young women of royal condition. Since the art of manufacturing cloth stuffs has made so great progress, dresses of this variegated description are now more common in the East.
【삼하13:19 JFB】19, 20. Tamar put ashes on her head, and rent her garment of divers colours … laid her hand on her head, and went on crying—that is, sobbing. Oriental manners would probably see nothing beyond a strong sense of the injury she had sustained, if Tamar actually rent her garments. But, as her veil is not mentioned, it is probable that Amnon had turned her out of doors without it, and she raised her hand with the design to conceal her face. By these signs, especially the rending of her distinguishing robe, Absalom at once conjectured what had taken place. Recommending her to be silent about it and not publish her own and her family's dishonor, he gave no inkling of his angry feelings to Amnon. But all the while he was in secret "nursing his wrath to keep it warm," and only "biding his time" to avenge his sister's wrongs, and by the removal of the heir-apparent perhaps further also his ambitious designs.
【삼하13:20 JFB】20. So Tamar remained desolate in her brother Absalom's house—He was her natural protector, and the children of polygamists lived by themselves, as if they constituted different families.
【삼하13:21 MHCC】Observe the aggravations of Absalom's sin: he would have Ammon slain, when least fit to go out of the world. He engaged his servants in the guilt. Those servants are ill-taught who obey wicked masters, against God's commands. Indulged children always prove crosses to godly parents, whose foolish love leads them to neglect their duty to God.
【삼하13:23 JFB】23-27. Absalom had sheep-shearers in Baal-hazor, which is beside Ephraim—A sheep-shearing feast is a grand occasion in the East. Absalom proposed to give such an entertainment at his estate in Baal-hazor, about eight miles northeast of Jerusalem near a town called Ephraim (수11:10). He first invited the king and his court; but the king declining, on account of the heavy expense to which the reception of royalty would subject him [삼하13:25], Absalom then limited the invitation to the king's sons [삼하13:26], which David the more readily agreed to, in the hope that it might tend to the promotion of brotherly harmony and union.
【삼하13:28 JFB】삼하13:28-36. Amnon Is Slain.
28. Absalom had commanded his servants, saying … when Amnon's heart is merry with wine … kill him, fear not—On a preconcerted signal from their master, the servants, rushing upon Amnon, slew him at the table, while the rest of the brothers, horror-struck, and apprehending a general massacre, fled in affrighted haste to Jerusalem.
【삼하13:29 JFB】29. every man gat him up upon his mule—This had become the favorite equipage of the great. King David himself had a state mule (왕상1:33). The Syrian mules are, in activity, strength, and capabilities, still far superior to ours.
【삼하13:30 JFB】30, 31. tidings came to David, saying, Absalom hath slain all the king's sons—It was natural that in the consternation and tumult caused by so atrocious a deed, an exaggerated report should reach the court, which was at once plunged into the depths of grief and despair. But the information of Jonadab, who seems to have been aware of the plan, and the arrival of the other princes, made known the real extent of the catastrophe.
【삼하13:30 MHCC】Jonadab was as guilty of Ammon's death, as of his sin; such false friends do they prove, who counsel us to do wickedly. Instead of loathing Absalom as a murderer, David, after a time, longed to go forth to him. This was David's infirmity: God saw something in his heart that made a difference, else we should have thought that he, as much as Eli, honoured his sons more than God.
【삼하13:37 JFB】삼하13:37-39. Absalom Flees to Talmai.
37. Absalom fled, and went to Talmai—The law as to premeditated murder (민35:21) gave him no hope of remaining with impunity in his own country. The cities of refuge could afford him no sanctuary, and he was compelled to leave the kingdom, taking refuge at the court of Geshur, with his maternal grandfather, who would, doubtless, approve of his conduct.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.