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■ 사무엘상 9장
1. 베냐민 지파에 기스라 이름하는 유력한 사람이 있으니 그는 아비엘의 아들이요 스롤의 손자요 베고랏의 증손이요 아비아의 현손이라 베냐민 사람이더라
Now there was a man of Benjamin , whose name was Kish , the son of Abiel , the son of Zeror , the son of Bechorath , the son of Aphiah , a Benjamite , a mighty man of power .
2. 기스가 아들이 있으니 그 이름은 사울이요 준수한 소년이라 이스라엘 자손 중에 그보다 더 준수한 자가 없고 키는 모든 백성보다 어깨 위는 더하더라
And he had a son , whose name was Saul , a choice young man , and a goodly : and there was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he: from his shoulders and upward he was higher than any of the people .
3. 사울의 아비 기스가 암나귀들을 잃고 그 아들 사울에게 이르되 너는 한 사환을 데리고 일어나 가서 암나귀들을 찾으라 하매
And the asses of Kish Saul’s father were lost . And Kish said to Saul his son , Take now one of the servants with thee, and arise , go seek the asses .
4. 그가 에브라임 산지와 살리사 땅으로 두루 다니되 찾지 못하고 사알림 땅으로 두루 다니되 없고 베냐민 사람의 땅으로 두루 다니되 찾지 못하니라
And he passed through mount Ephraim , and passed through the land of Shalisha , but they found them not: then they passed through the land of Shalim , and there they were not: and he passed through the land of the Benjamites , but they found them not.
5. 그들이 숩 땅에 이른 때에 사울이 함께 하는 사환에게 이르되 돌아가자 내 부친이 암나귀 생각은 고사하고 우리를 위하여 걱정하실까 두려워하노라
And when they were come to the land of Zuph , Saul said to his servant that was with him, Come , and let us return ; lest my father leave caring for the asses , and take thought for us.
6. 대답하되 보소서 이 성에 하나님의 사람이 있는데 존중히 여김을 받는 사람이라 그가 말한 것은 반드시 다 응하나니 그리로 가사이다 그가 혹 우리의 갈 길을 가르칠까 하나이다
And he said unto him, Behold now, there is in this city a man of God , and he is an honourable man ; all that he saith cometh surely to pass : now let us go thither; peradventure he can shew us our way that we should go .
7. 사울이 그 사환에게 이르되 우리가 가면 그 사람에게 무엇을 드리겠느냐 우리 그릇에 식물이 다하였으니 하나님의 사람에게 드릴 예물이 없도다 무엇이 있느냐
Then said Saul to his servant , But, behold, if we go , what shall we bring the man ? for the bread is spent in our vessels , and there is not a present to bring to the man of God : what have we?
8. 사환이 사울에게 다시 대답하여 가로되 보소서 내 손에 은 한 세겔의 사분 일이 있으니 하나님의 사람에게 드려 우리 길을 가르치게 하겠나이다
And the servant answered Saul again , and said , Behold, I have here at hand the fourth part of a shekel of silver : that will I give to the man of God , to tell us our way .
9. (옛적 이스라엘에 사람이 하나님께 가서 물으려 하면 말하기를 선견자에게로 가자 하였으니 지금 선지자라 하는 자를 옛적에는 선견자라 일컬었더라)
(Beforetime in Israel , when a man went to enquire of God , thus he spake , Come , and let us go to the seer : for he that is now called a Prophet was beforetime called a Seer .)
10. 사울이 그 사환에게 이르되 네 말이 옳다 가자 하고 그들이 하나님의 사람 있는 성으로 가니라
Then said Saul to his servant , Well said ; come , let us go . So they went unto the city where the man of God was.
11. 그들이 성을 향한 비탈길로 올라가다가 물 길러 나오는 소녀들을 만나 그들에게 묻되 선견자가 여기 있느냐
And as they went up the hill to the city , they found young maidens going out to draw water , and said unto them, Is the seer here?
12. 그들이 대답하여 가로되 있나이다 보소서 그가 당신보다 앞섰으니 빨리 가소서 백성이 오늘 산당에서 제사를 드리므로 그가 오늘 성에 들어오셨나이다
And they answered them, and said , He is ; behold, he is before you: make haste now, for he came to day to the city ; for there is a sacrifice of the people to day in the high place :
13. 당신들이 성으로 들어가면 그가 먹으러 산당에 올라가기 전에 곧 만나리이다 그가 오기 전에는 백성이 먹지 아니하나니 이는 그가 제물을 축사한 후에야 청함을 받은 자가 먹음이라 그러므로 지금 올라가소서 금시로 만나리이다 하는지라
As soon as ye be come into the city , ye shall straightway find him, before he go up to the high place to eat : for the people will not eat until he come , because he doth bless the sacrifice ; and afterwards they eat that be bidden . Now therefore get you up ; for about this time ye shall find him.
14. 그들이 성읍으로 올라가서 그리로 들어갈 때에 사무엘이 마침 산당으로 올라가려고 마주 나오더라
And they went up into the city : and when they were come into the city , behold, Samuel came out against them, for to go up to the high place .
15. 사울의 오기 전 날에 여호와께서 사무엘에게 알게 하여 가라사대
Now the Lord had told Samuel in his ear a day before Saul came , saying ,
16. 내일 이맘 때에 내가 베냐민 땅에서 한 사람을 네게 보내리니 너는 그에게 기름을 부어 내 백성 이스라엘의 지도자를 삼으라 그가 내 백성을 블레셋 사람의 손에서 구원하리라 내 백성의 부르짖음이 내게 상달하였으므로 내가 그들을 돌아 보았노라 하시더니
To morrow about this time I will send thee a man out of the land of Benjamin , and thou shalt anoint him to be captain over my people Israel , that he may save my people out of the hand of the Philistines : for I have looked upon my people , because their cry is come unto me.
17. 사무엘이 사울을 볼 때에 여호와께서 그에게 이르시되 보라 이는 내가 네게 말한 사람이니 이가 내 백성을 통할하리라 하시니라
And when Samuel saw Saul , the Lord said unto him, Behold the man whom I spake to thee of! this same shall reign over my people .
18. 사울이 성문 가운데 사무엘에게 나아가 가로되 선견자의 집이 어디인지 청컨대 내게 가르치소서
Then Saul drew near to Samuel in the gate , and said , Tell me, I pray thee, where the seer’s house is.
19. 사무엘이 사울에게 대답하여 가로되 내가 선견자니라 너는 내 앞서 산당으로 올라가라 너희가 오늘날 나와 함께 먹을 것이요 아침에는 내가 너를 보내되 네 마음에 있는 것을 다 네게 말하리라
And Samuel answered Saul , and said , I am the seer : go up before me unto the high place ; for ye shall eat with me to day , and to morrow I will let thee go , and will tell thee all that is in thine heart .
20. 사흘 전에 잃은 네 암나귀들을 염려하지 말라 찾았느니라 온 이스라엘의 사모하는 자가 누구냐 너와 네 아비의 온 집이 아니냐
And as for thine asses that were lost three days ago , set not thy mind on them; for they are found . And on whom is all the desire of Israel ? Is it not on thee, and on all thy father’s house ?
21. 사울이 대답하여 가로되 나는 이스라엘 지파의 가장 작은 지파 베냐민 사람이 아니오며 나의 가족은 베냐민 지파 모든 가족 중에 가장 미약하지 아니하니이까 당신이 어찌하여 내게 이같이 말씀하시나이까
And Saul answered and said , Am not I a Benjamite , of the smallest of the tribes of Israel ? and my family the least of all the families of the tribe of Benjamin ? wherefore then speakest thou so to me?
22. 사무엘이 사울과 그 사환을 인도하여 객실로 들어가서 청한 자 중 수석에 앉게 하였는데 객은 삼십 명 가량이었더라
And Samuel took Saul and his servant , and brought them into the parlour , and made them sit in the chiefest place among them that were bidden , which were about thirty persons .
23. 사무엘이 요리인에게 이르되 내가 네게 주며 네게 두라고 말한 그 부분을 가져오라
And Samuel said unto the cook , Bring the portion which I gave thee, of which I said unto thee, Set it by thee.
24. 요리인이 넓적다리와 그것에 붙은 것을 가져다가 사울 앞에 놓는지라 사무엘이 가로되 보라 이는 두었던 것이니 네 앞에 놓고 먹으라 내가 백성을 청할 때부터 너를 위하여 이것을 두어서 이때를 기다리게 하였느니라 그 날에 사울이 사무엘과 함께 먹으니라
And the cook took up the shoulder , and that which was upon it, and set it before Saul . And Samuel said , Behold that which is left ! set it before thee, and eat : for unto this time hath it been kept for thee since I said , I have invited the people . So Saul did eat with Samuel that day .
25. 그들이 산당에서 내려 성에 들어가서는 사무엘이 사울과 함께 지붕에서 담화하고
And when they were come down from the high place into the city , Samuel communed with Saul upon the top of the house .
26. 그들이 일찍이 일어날새 동틀 때 즈음이라 사무엘이 지붕에서 사울을 불러 가로되 일어나라 내가 너를 보내리라 하매 사울이 일어나고 그 두 사람 사울과 사무엘이 함께 밖으로 나가서
And they arose early : and it came to pass about the spring of the day , that Samuel called Saul to the top of the house , saying , Up , that I may send thee away . And Saul arose , and they went out both of them, he and Samuel , abroad .
27. 성읍 끝에 이르매 사무엘이 사울에게 이르되 사환으로 우리를 앞서게 하라 사환이 앞서매 또 가로되 너는 이제 잠간 서 있으라 내가 하나님의 말씀을 네게 들리리라
And as they were going down to the end of the city , Samuel said to Saul , Bid the servant pass on before us, (and he passed on ,) but stand thou still a while , that I may shew thee the word of God .
■ 주석 보기
【삼상9:1 JFB】삼상9:1-14. Saul, Despairing to Find His Father's Asses, Comes to Samuel.
1. a mighty man of power—that is, of great wealth and substance. The family was of high consideration in the tribe of Benjamin, and therefore Saul's words must be set down among the common forms of affected humility, which Oriental people are wont to use.
【삼상9:1 CWC】[PASSING OF THE JUDGESHIP]
1. A National Revival and Its Results, c. 7.
In our last we left the ark in care of the men of Kirjath-jearim, which means "the city of woods," and is located near Bethshemesh and northwest of Jerusalem. Why the ark was not brought to Shiloh is not stated, but only that it remained in the city before-named twenty years. It would appear from 2 Samuel 6, and 1 Chronicles 13, that it remained there longer, but that period had elapsed when the event of this chapter began.
That event was a revival. "Israel lamented after the Lord" (v. 2), because they were suffering the consequences of His averted face, which included the oppression of the Philistines.
Samuel tells them how to find relief (v. 3). "Ashtaroth" was a goddess of the Sidonians, whose worship was popular in other lands, and which the Greeks and Romans knew by the name "Astarte." The worship was licentiousness under the guise of religion. Baal and Ashtaroth are named together, and taken by some to represent the sun and the moon, and by others the male and female powers of reproduction. "Asherah" translated in the King James Version "grove," was really an idol-symbol of the goddess.
The people listened to Samuel and gathered to Mizpah (v. 6). This refers to a public meeting for the observance of religious ceremonies, one of which was fasting, and another the pouring out of water before the Lord as a token, of their need of purification of which it was an emblem. Samuel seems to have begun his duties as a judge or civil magistrate at this time, having only exercised the office of prophet and teacher theretofore.
The enemy is quick to discern danger, for a return of Israel to God means a return to power, and hence they spring upon them while unprepared (v. 7). But Samuel's intercession is effective (vv. 8-10), and Israel so follows up the advantage gained by the supernatural interposition that the Philistines never fully recover the blow all the days of Samuel's judgeship.
Observe in verse 16 that Samuel was a "circuit" judge. As later we read of "schools of the prophets" in the places named in that verse, some think that Samuel was the founder of them at this time.
2. The Demand for a King, c. 8.
This chapter presents no difficulties. Observe how history repeats itself in the case of Samuel and his sons as compared with his predecessor (vv. 1-5). Samuel's displeasure may have been in part personal, but chiefly because of the dishonor done to God and the injury that would be wrought by such a revolution to the people themselves (v. 6). God will grant them a king in His anger (vv. 7-9, compare 호13:10, 11), and tells them what kind of a ruler they will have (vv. 9-18).
3. Seeking for Asses and Finding a Kingdom, cc. 9:1-10:16.
The drama in this chapter and the next disposes itself into five scenes:
We have first the country lad seeking his father's asses (9:3-5). Like the cattle on our western plans they were allowed to roam at will during the grazing season and were brought home at its close.
Secondly, there is the meeting with the prophet (9:6-21). That he should have been consulted on so trifling a matter, and that it should have been thought proper to offer him so insignificant a present as "the fourth part of a shekel of silver," perhaps 15 cents of our money, seems strange to us; but probably we appreciate Samuel's greatness better than his contemporaries. Moreover oriental ideas are different from ours.
It was probably the peace-offering that was to be presented on this occasion, which under special circumstances seems to have been permissible at a distance from the sanctuary.
"Now the Lord had told Samuel in his ear a day before" (v. 15). How intimate this expression! In the 103d Psalm it is written that God "made known His ways unto Moses, His acts unto the children of Israel," and here He is honoring Samuel in the same way. His acts are what men see. His ways are the reason and foreknowledge of them, and to them that fear Him such secrets are still given (고전2:9-12).
Samuel's words to Saul in verse 20 are "a covered and indirect promise of the royal dignity that awaited him."
Thirdly, the introduction to the people (9:22-24). The things here recorded were intended to show honor to the young man, and in so far prepare the people to receive him as king. For example, his being received into the apartment assigned to the special guests, and given a high seat among them (v. 22); and his being offered the choicest portion of the feast (v. 24). The words "that which is left" should be rendered "that which is reserved."
Fourthly, the communion on the housetop (9:25-26). Oriental houses being low and flat-roofed, the roof offered the most desirable place for quiet conversation and rest in the cool of the day. Here the prophet instructed Saul in the way of the kingdom, pointing out to him, perhaps, the religious decline of the people, and the need of a leader obedient to God.
Fifthly, the anointing with oil (9:27-10:1), which was the ancient ceremony of investing with the royal office. This was followed by predictions of what should be met by Saul on the way home, which, as they came to pass, by testifying to Samuel's authority as a prophet, would confirm Saul's reliance upon what he had declared concerning himself.
【삼상9:1 MHCC】Saul readily went to seek his father's asses. His obedience to his father was praise-worthy. His servant proposed, that since they were now at Ramah, they should call on Samuel, and take his advice. Wherever we are, we should use our opportunities of acquainting ourselves with those who are wise and good. Many will consult a man of God, if he comes in their way, that would not go a step out of their way to get wisdom. We sensibly feel worldly losses, and bestow much pains to make them up; but how little do we attempt, and how soon are we weary, in seeking the salvation of our souls! If ministers could tell men how to secure their property, or to get wealth, they would be more consulted and honoured than they now are, though employed in teaching them how to escape eternal misery, and to obtain eternal life. Most people would rather be told their fortune than their duty. Samuel needed not their money, nor would he have denied his advice, if they had not brought it; but they gave it to him as a token of respect, and of the value they put upon his office, and according to the general usage of those times, always to bring a present to those in authority.
【삼상9:2 JFB】2. Saul, a choice young man, and a goodly—He had a fine appearance; for it is evident that he must have been only a little under seven feet tall. A gigantic stature and an athletic frame must have been a popular recommendation at that time in that country.
【삼상9:3 JFB】3. the asses of Kish Saul's father were lost. And Kish said to Saul … arise, go seek the asses—The probability is that the family of Kish, according to the immemorial usage of Oriental shepherds in the purely pastoral regions, had let the animals roam at large during the grazing season, at the close of which messengers were despatched in search of them. Such travelling searches are common; and, as each owner has his own stamp marked on his cattle, the mention of it to the shepherds he meets gradually leads to the discovery of the strayed animals. This ramble of Saul's had nothing extraordinary in it, except its superior directions and issue, which turned its uncertainty into certainty.
【삼상9:4 JFB】4, 5. he passed through mount Ephraim—This being situated on the north of Benjamin, indicates the direction of Saul's journey. The district explored means the whole of the mountainous region, with its valleys and defiles, which belonged to Ephraim. Turning apparently southwards—probably through the verdant hills between Shiloh and the vales of Jordan (Shalisha and Shalim)—he approached again the borders of Benjamin, scoured the land of Zuph, and was proposing to return, when his servant recollected that they were in the immediate neighborhood of the man of God, who would give them counsel.
【삼상9:6 JFB】6. there is in this city a man of God—Ramah was the usual residence of Samuel, but several circumstances, especially the mention of Rachel's sepulchre, which lay in Saul's way homeward [삼상10:2], lead to the conclusion that "this city" was not the Ramah where Samuel dwelt.
peradventure he can show us our way that we should go—It seems strange that a dignified prophet should be consulted in such an affair. But it is probable that at the introduction of the prophetic office, the seers had discovered things lost or stolen, and thus their power for higher revelations was gradually established.
【삼상9:7 JFB】7. Saul said to his servant, But, behold, if we go, what shall we bring the man?—According to Eastern notions, it would be considered a want of respect for any person to go into the presence of a superior man of rank or of official station without a present of some kind in his hand, however trifling in value.
the bread is spent in our vessels—Shepherds, going in quest of their cattle, put up in a bag as much flour for making bread as will last sometimes for thirty days. It appears that Saul thought of giving the man of God a cake from his travelling bag, and this would have been sufficient to render the indispensable act of civility—the customary tribute to official dignity.
【삼상9:8 JFB】8. the fourth part of a shekel of silver—rather more than sixpence. Contrary to our Western notions, money is in the East the most acceptable form in which a present can be made to a man of rank.
【삼상9:9 JFB】9. seer … Prophet—The recognized distinction in latter times was, that a seer was one who was favored with visions of God—a view of things invisible to mortal sight; and a prophet foretold future events.
【삼상9:11 JFB】11-13. as they went up the hill—The modern village, Er-Rameh, lies on an eminence; and on their way they met a band of young maidens going out to the well, which, like all similar places in Palestine, was beyond the precincts of the town. From these damsels they learned that the day was devoted to a festival occasion, in honor of which Samuel had arrived in the city; that a sacrifice had been offered, which was done by prophets in extraordinary circumstances at a distance from the tabernacle, and that a feast was to follow—implying that it had been a peace offering; and that, according to the venerable practice of the Israelites, the man of God was expected to ask a special blessing on the food in a manner becoming the high occasion.
【삼상9:11 MHCC】The very maid-servants of the city could direct to the prophet. They had heard of the sacrifice, and could tell of the necessity for Samuel's presence. It is no small benefit to live in religious and holy places. And we should always be ready to help those who are seeking after God's prophets. Though God had, in displeasure, granted Israel's request for a king, yet he sends them a man to be captain over them, to save them out of the hand of the Philistines. He does it, listening graciously to their cry.
【삼상9:14 JFB】14. Samuel came out against them, for to go up to the high place—Such were the simple manners of the times that this prophet, the chief man in Israel, was seen going to preside at a high festival undistinguished either by his dress or equipage from any ordinary citizen.
【삼상9:15 JFB】삼상9:15-27. God Reveals to Samuel Saul's Coming, and His Appointment to the Kingdom.
15, 16. Now the Lord had told Samuel in his ear a day before—The description of Saul, the time of his arrival, and the high office to which he was destined, had been secretly intimated to Samuel from heaven. The future king of Israel was to fight the battles of the Lord and protect His people. It would appear that they were at this time suffering great molestation from the Philistines, and that this was an additional reason of their urgent demands for the appointment of a king (see 삼상10:5; 13:3).
【삼상9:18 JFB】18-20. Tell me, I pray thee, where the seer's house is—Satisfying the stranger's inquiry, Samuel invited him to the feast, as well as to sojourn till the morrow; and, in order to reconcile him to the delay, he assured him that the strayed asses had been recovered.
【삼상9:18 MHCC】Samuel, that good prophet, was so far from envying Saul, or bearing him any ill-will, that he was the first and most forward to do him honour. Both that evening and early the next morning, Samuel communed with Saul upon the flat roof of the house. We may suppose Samuel now convinced Saul that he was the person God had fixed upon for the government, and of his own willingness to resign. How different are the purposes of the Lord for us, from our intentions for ourselves! Perhaps Saul was the only one who ever went out to seek asses, and literally found a kingdom; but many have set out and moved their dwellings to seek riches and pleasures, who have been guided to places where they found salvation for their souls. Thus they have met with those who addressed them as if aware of the secrets of their lives and hearts, and have been led seriously to regard the word of the Lord. If this has been our case, though our worldly plans have not prospered, let us not care for that; the Lord has given us, or has prepared us for, what is far better.
【삼상9:20 JFB】20, 21. on whom is all the desire of Israel? Is it not on thee, and on all thy father's house?—This was a covert and indirect premonition of the royal dignity that awaited him; and, though Saul's answer shows that he fully understood it, he affected to doubt that the prophet was in earnest.
【삼상9:21 JFB】21. And Saul answered and said, Am not I a Benjamite, of the smallest of the tribes of Israel, &c.—By selecting a king from this least and nearly extinct tribe (유20:46-48), divine wisdom designed to remove all grounds of jealousy among the other tribes.
【삼상9:22 JFB】22. Samuel took Saul and his servant, and brought them into the parlour—The toil-worn but noble-looking traveller found himself suddenly seated among the principal men of the place and treated as the most distinguished guest.
【삼상9:24 JFB】24. the cook took up the shoulder … and set it before Saul. And Samuel said, Behold that which is left; set it before thee, and eat—that is, reserved (see on 창18:7; 창43:34). This was, most probably, the right shoulder; which, as the perquisite of the sacrifice, belonged to Samuel, and which he had set aside for his expected guest. In the sculptures of the Egyptian shambles, also, the first joint taken off was always the right shoulder for the priest. The meaning of those distinguished attentions must have been understood by the other guests.
【삼상9:25 JFB】25-27. Samuel communed with Saul upon the top of the house—Saul was taken to lodge with the prophet for that night. Before retiring to rest, they communed on the flat roof of the house, the couch being laid there (수2:6), when, doubtless, Samuel revealed the secret and described the peculiar duties of a monarch in a nation so related to the Divine King as Israel. Next morning early, Samuel roused his guest, and conveying him on his way towards the skirts of the city, sought, before parting, a private interview—the object of which is narrated in the next chapter.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.