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■ 사무엘상 7장
1. 기럇여아림 사람들이 와서 여호와의 궤를 옮겨 산에 사는 아비나답의 집에 들여 놓고 그 아들 엘리아살을 거룩히 구별하여 여호와의 궤를 지키게 하였더니
And the men of Kirjath–jearim came , and fetched up the ark of the Lord , and brought it into the house of Abinadab in the hill , and sanctified Eleazar his son to keep the ark of the Lord .
2. 궤가 기럇여아림에 들어간 날부터 이십 년 동안을 오래 있은지라 이스라엘 온 족속이 여호와를 사모하니라
And it came to pass, while the ark abode in Kirjath–jearim , that the time was long ; for it was twenty years : and all the house of Israel lamented after the Lord .
3. 사무엘이 이스라엘 온 족속에게 일러 가로되 너희가 전심으로 여호와께 돌아오려거든 이방 신들과 아스다롯을 너희 중에서 제하고 너희 마음을 여호와께로 향하여 그만 섬기라 너희를 블레셋 사람의 손에서 건져내시리라
And Samuel spake unto all the house of Israel , saying , If ye do return unto the Lord with all your hearts , then put away the strange gods and Ashtaroth from among you, and prepare your hearts unto the Lord , and serve him only: and he will deliver you out of the hand of the Philistines .
4. 이에 이스라엘 자손이 바알들과 아스다롯을 제하고 여호와만 섬기니라
Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth , and served the Lord only.
5. 사무엘이 가로되 온 이스라엘은 미스바로 모이라 내가 너희를 위하여 여호와께 기도하리라 하매
And Samuel said , Gather all Israel to Mizpeh , and I will pray for you unto the Lord .
6. 그들이 미스바에 모여 물을 길어 여호와 앞에 붓고 그 날에 금식하고 거기서 가로되 우리가 여호와께 범죄하였나이다 하니라 사무엘이 미스바에서 이스라엘 자손을 다스리니라
And they gathered together to Mizpeh , and drew water , and poured it out before the Lord , and fasted on that day , and said there, We have sinned against the Lord . And Samuel judged the children of Israel in Mizpeh .
7. 이스라엘 자손이 미스바에 모였다 함을 블레셋 사람이 듣고 그 방백들이 이스라엘을 치러 올라온지라 이스라엘 자손이 듣고 블레셋 사람을 두려워하여
And when the Philistines heard that the children of Israel were gathered together to Mizpeh , the lords of the Philistines went up against Israel . And when the children of Israel heard it, they were afraid of the Philistines .
8. 사무엘에게 이르되 당신은 우리를 위하여 우리 하나님 여호와께 쉬지 말고 부르짖어 우리를 블레셋 사람의 손에서 구원하시게 하소서
And the children of Israel said to Samuel , Cease not to cry unto the Lord our God for us, that he will save us out of the hand of the Philistines .
9. 사무엘이 젖 먹는 어린 양을 취하여 온전한 번제를 여호와께 드리고 이스라엘을 위하여 여호와께 부르짖으매 여호와께서 응답하셨더라
And Samuel took a sucking lamb , and offered it for a burnt offering wholly unto the Lord : and Samuel cried unto the Lord for Israel ; and the Lord heard him.
10. 사무엘이 번제를 드릴 때에 블레셋 사람이 이스라엘과 싸우려고 가까이 오매 그 날에 여호와께서 블레셋 사람에게 큰 우뢰를 발하여 그들을 어지럽게 하시니 그들이 이스라엘 앞에 패한지라
And as Samuel was offering up the burnt offering , the Philistines drew near to battle against Israel : but the Lord thundered with a great thunder on that day upon the Philistines , and discomfited them; and they were smitten before Israel .
11. 이스라엘 사람들이 미스바에서 나가서 블레셋 사람을 따라 벧갈 아래에 이르기까지 쳤더라
And the men of Israel went out of Mizpeh , and pursued the Philistines , and smote them, until they came under Beth–car .
12. 사무엘이 돌을 취하여 미스바와 센 사이에 세워 가로되 여호와께서 여기까지 우리를 도우셨다 하고 그이름을 에벤에셀이라 하니라
Then Samuel took a stone , and set it between Mizpeh and Shen , and called the name of it Eben–ezer , saying , Hitherto hath the Lord helped us.
13. 이에 블레셋 사람이 굴복하여 다시는 이스라엘 경내에 들어오지 못하였으며 여호와의 손이 사무엘의 사는 날 동안에 블레셋 사람을 막으시매
So the Philistines were subdued , and they came no more into the coast of Israel : and the hand of the Lord was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel .
14. 블레셋 사람이 이스라엘에게서 빼앗았던 성읍이 에그론부터 가드까지 이스라엘에게 회복되니 이스라엘이 그 사방 지경을 블레셋 사람의 손에서 도로 찾았고 또 이스라엘과 아모리 사람 사이에 평화가 있었더라
And the cities which the Philistines had taken from Israel were restored to Israel , from Ekron even unto Gath ; and the coasts thereof did Israel deliver out of the hands of the Philistines . And there was peace between Israel and the Amorites .
15. 사무엘이 사는 날 동안에 이스라엘을 다스렸으되
And Samuel judged Israel all the days of his life .
16. 해마다 벧엘과 길갈과 미스바로 순회하여 그 모든 곳에서 이스라엘을 다스렸고
And he went from year to year in circuit to Beth–el , and Gilgal , and Mizpeh , and judged Israel in all those places .
17. 라마로 돌아왔으니 이는 거기 자기 집이 있음이라 거기서도 이스라엘을 다스렸으며 또 거기 여호와를 위하여 단을 쌓았더라
And his return was to Ramah ; for there was his house ; and there he judged Israel ; and there he built an altar unto the Lord .
■ 주석 보기
【삼상7:1 JFB】삼상7:1, 2. The Ark at Kirjath-jearim.
1. the men of Kirjath-jearim—"the city of woods," also Kirjath-baal (수15:60; 18:14; 대상13:5, 6). It was the nearest town to Beth-shemesh and stood on a hill. This was the reason of the message (삼상6:21), and why this was chosen for the convenience of people turning their faces to the ark (왕상8:29-35; 시28:2; 단6:10).
brought it into the house of Abinadab in the hill—Why it was not transported at once to Shiloh where the tabernacle and sacred vessels were remaining, is difficult to conjecture.
sanctified … his son—He was not a Levite, and was therefore only set apart or appointed to be keeper of the place.
【삼상7:1 CWC】[PASSING OF THE JUDGESHIP]
1. A National Revival and Its Results, c. 7.
In our last we left the ark in care of the men of Kirjath-jearim, which means "the city of woods," and is located near Bethshemesh and northwest of Jerusalem. Why the ark was not brought to Shiloh is not stated, but only that it remained in the city before-named twenty years. It would appear from 2 Samuel 6, and 1 Chronicles 13, that it remained there longer, but that period had elapsed when the event of this chapter began.
That event was a revival. "Israel lamented after the Lord" (v. 2), because they were suffering the consequences of His averted face, which included the oppression of the Philistines.
Samuel tells them how to find relief (v. 3). "Ashtaroth" was a goddess of the Sidonians, whose worship was popular in other lands, and which the Greeks and Romans knew by the name "Astarte." The worship was licentiousness under the guise of religion. Baal and Ashtaroth are named together, and taken by some to represent the sun and the moon, and by others the male and female powers of reproduction. "Asherah" translated in the King James Version "grove," was really an idol-symbol of the goddess.
The people listened to Samuel and gathered to Mizpah (v. 6). This refers to a public meeting for the observance of religious ceremonies, one of which was fasting, and another the pouring out of water before the Lord as a token, of their need of purification of which it was an emblem. Samuel seems to have begun his duties as a judge or civil magistrate at this time, having only exercised the office of prophet and teacher theretofore.
The enemy is quick to discern danger, for a return of Israel to God means a return to power, and hence they spring upon them while unprepared (v. 7). But Samuel's intercession is effective (vv. 8-10), and Israel so follows up the advantage gained by the supernatural interposition that the Philistines never fully recover the blow all the days of Samuel's judgeship.
Observe in verse 16 that Samuel was a "circuit" judge. As later we read of "schools of the prophets" in the places named in that verse, some think that Samuel was the founder of them at this time.
2. The Demand for a King, c. 8.
This chapter presents no difficulties. Observe how history repeats itself in the case of Samuel and his sons as compared with his predecessor (vv. 1-5). Samuel's displeasure may have been in part personal, but chiefly because of the dishonor done to God and the injury that would be wrought by such a revolution to the people themselves (v. 6). God will grant them a king in His anger (vv. 7-9, compare 호13:10, 11), and tells them what kind of a ruler they will have (vv. 9-18).
3. Seeking for Asses and Finding a Kingdom, cc. 9:1-10:16.
The drama in this chapter and the next disposes itself into five scenes:
We have first the country lad seeking his father's asses (9:3-5). Like the cattle on our western plans they were allowed to roam at will during the grazing season and were brought home at its close.
Secondly, there is the meeting with the prophet (9:6-21). That he should have been consulted on so trifling a matter, and that it should have been thought proper to offer him so insignificant a present as "the fourth part of a shekel of silver," perhaps 15 cents of our money, seems strange to us; but probably we appreciate Samuel's greatness better than his contemporaries. Moreover oriental ideas are different from ours.
It was probably the peace-offering that was to be presented on this occasion, which under special circumstances seems to have been permissible at a distance from the sanctuary.
"Now the Lord had told Samuel in his ear a day before" (v. 15). How intimate this expression! In the 103d Psalm it is written that God "made known His ways unto Moses, His acts unto the children of Israel," and here He is honoring Samuel in the same way. His acts are what men see. His ways are the reason and foreknowledge of them, and to them that fear Him such secrets are still given (고전2:9-12).
Samuel's words to Saul in verse 20 are "a covered and indirect promise of the royal dignity that awaited him."
Thirdly, the introduction to the people (9:22-24). The things here recorded were intended to show honor to the young man, and in so far prepare the people to receive him as king. For example, his being received into the apartment assigned to the special guests, and given a high seat among them (v. 22); and his being offered the choicest portion of the feast (v. 24). The words "that which is left" should be rendered "that which is reserved."
Fourthly, the communion on the housetop (9:25-26). Oriental houses being low and flat-roofed, the roof offered the most desirable place for quiet conversation and rest in the cool of the day. Here the prophet instructed Saul in the way of the kingdom, pointing out to him, perhaps, the religious decline of the people, and the need of a leader obedient to God.
Fifthly, the anointing with oil (9:27-10:1), which was the ancient ceremony of investing with the royal office. This was followed by predictions of what should be met by Saul on the way home, which, as they came to pass, by testifying to Samuel's authority as a prophet, would confirm Saul's reliance upon what he had declared concerning himself.
【삼상7:1 MHCC】God will find a resting-place for his ark; if some thrust it from them, the hearts of others shall be inclined to receive it. It is no new thing for God's ark to be in a private house. Christ and his apostles preached from house to house, when they could not have public places. Twenty years passed before the house of Israel cared for the want of the ark. During this time the prophet Samuel laboured to revive true religion. The few words used are very expressive; and this was one of the most effectual revivals of religion which ever took place in Israel.
【삼상7:2 JFB】2. the ark abode in Kirjath-jearim … twenty years—It appears, in the subsequent history, that a much longer period elapsed before its final removal from Kirjath-jearim (삼하6:1-19; 대상13:1-14). But that length of time had passed when the Israelites began to revive from their sad state of religious decline. The capture of the ark had produced a general indifference either as to its loss or its recovery.
all the house of Israel lamented after the Lord—They were then brought, doubtless by the influence of Samuel's exhortations, to renounce idolatry, and to return to the national worship of the true God.
【삼상7:3 JFB】삼상7:3-6. The Israelites, through Samuel's Influence, Solemnly Repent at Mizpeh.
3-6. Samuel spake unto all the house of Israel—A great national reformation was effected through the influence of Samuel. Disgusted with their foreign servitude, and panting for the restoration of liberty and independence, they were open to salutary impressions; and convinced of their errors, they renounced idolatry. The re-establishment of the faith of their fathers was inaugurated at a great public meeting, held at Mizpeh in Judah, and hallowed by the observance of impressive religious solemnities. The drawing water, and pouring it out before the Lord, seems to have been a symbolical act by which, in the people's name, Samuel testified their sense of national corruption, their need of that moral purification of which water is the emblem, and their sincere desire to pour out their hearts in repentance before God.
【삼상7:5 MHCC】Israel drew water and poured it out before the Lord; signifying their humiliation and sorrow for sin. They pour out their hearts in repentance before the Lord. They were free and full in their confession, and fixed in their resolution to cast away from them all their wrong doings. They made a public confession, We have sinned against the Lord; thus giving glory to God, and taking shame to themselves. And if we thus confess our sins, we shall find our God faithful and just to forgive us our sins.
【삼상7:6 JFB】6. Samuel judged … Israel in Mizpeh—At the time of Eli's death he could not have much exceeded twenty years of age; and although his character and position must have given him great influence, it does not appear that hitherto he had done more than prophets were wont to do. Now he entered on the duties of a civil magistrate.
【삼상7:7 JFB】삼상7:7-14. While Samuel Prays, the Philistines Are Discomfited.
7-11. when the Philistines heard, &c.—The character and importance of the national convention at Mizpeh were fully appreciated by the Philistines. They discerned in it the rising spirit of religious patriotism among the Israelites that was prepared to throw off the yoke of their domination. Anxious to crush it at the first, they made a sudden incursion while the Israelites were in the midst of their solemn celebration. Unprepared for resistance, they besought Samuel to supplicate the divine interposition to save them from their enemies. The prophet's prayers and sacrifice were answered by such a tremendous storm of thunder and lightning that the assailants, panic-struck, were disordered and fled. The Israelites, recognizing the hand of God, rushed courageously on the foe they had so much dreaded and committed such immense havoc, that the Philistines did not for long recover from this disastrous blow. This brilliant victory secured peace and independence to Israel for twenty years, as well as the restitution of the usurped territory.
【삼상7:7 MHCC】The Philistines invaded Israel. When sinners begin to repent and reform, they must expect that Satan will muster all his force against them, and set his instruments at work to the utmost, to oppose and discourage them. The Israelites earnestly beg Samuel to pray for them. Oh what a comfort it is to all believers, that our great Intercessor above never ceases, is never silent! for he always appears in the presence of God for us. Samuel's sacrifice, without his prayer, had been an empty shadow. God gave a gracious answer. And Samuel erected a memorial of this victory, to the glory of God, and to encourage Israel. Through successive generations, the church of God has had cause to set up Eben-ezers for renewed deliverances; neither outward persecutions nor inward corruptions have prevailed against her, because “hitherto the Lord hath helped her:” and he will help, even to the end of the world.
【삼상7:12 JFB】12. Samuel took a stone, and set it between Mizpeh and Shen—on an open spot between the town and "the crag" (some well-known rock in the neighborhood). A huge stone pillar was erected as a monument of their victory (레26:1). The name—Eben-ezer—is thought to have been written on the face of it.
【삼상7:13 MHCC】In this great revival of true religion, the ark was neither removed to Shiloh, nor placed with the tabernacle any where else. This disregard to the Levitical institutions showed that their typical meaning formed their chief use; and when that was overlooked, they became a lifeless service, not to be compared with repentance, faith, and the love of God and man.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.