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■ 사무엘상 11장
1. 암몬 사람 나하스가 올라와서 길르앗 야베스를 대하여 진 치매 야베스 모든 사람이 나하스에게 이르되 우리와 언약하자 그리하면 우리가 너를 섬기리라
Then Nahash the Ammonite came up , and encamped against Jabesh–gilead : and all the men of Jabesh said unto Nahash , Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee.
2. 암몬 사람 나하스가 그들에게 이르되 내가 너희 오른눈을 다 빼어야 너희와 언약하리라 내가 온 이스라엘을 이같이 모욕하리라
And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may thrust out all your right eyes , and lay it for a reproach upon all Israel .
3. 야베스 장로들이 이르되 우리에게 이레 유예를 주어 우리로 이스라엘 온 지경에 사자를 보내게 하라 우리를 구원할 자가 없으면 네게 나아가리라 하니라
And the elders of Jabesh said unto him, Give us seven days’ respite , that we may send messengers unto all the coasts of Israel : and then, if there be no man to save us, we will come out to thee.
4. 이에 사자가 사울의 기브아에 이르러 이 말을 백성에게 고하매 모든 백성이 소리를 높여 울더니
Then came the messengers to Gibeah of Saul , and told the tidings in the ears of the people : and all the people lifted up their voices , and wept .
5. 마침 사울이 밭에서 소를 몰고 오다가 가로되 백성이 무슨 일로 우느냐 그들이 야베스 사람의 말로 고하니라
And, behold, Saul came after the herd out of the field ; and Saul said , What aileth the people that they weep ? And they told him the tidings of the men of Jabesh .
6. 사울이 이 말을 들을 때에 하나님의 신에게 크게 감동되매 그 노가 크게 일어나서
And the Spirit of God came upon Saul when he heard those tidings , and his anger was kindled greatly .
7. 한 겨리 소를 취하여 각을 뜨고 사자의 손으로 그것을 이스라엘 모든 지경에 두루 보내어 가로되 누구든지 나와서 사울과 사무엘을 좇지 아니하면 그 소들도 이와 같이 하리라 하였더니 여호와의 두려움이 백성에게 임하매 그들이 한 사람 같이 나온지라
And he took a yoke of oxen , and hewed them in pieces , and sent them throughout all the coasts of Israel by the hands of messengers , saying , Whosoever cometh not forth after Saul and after Samuel , so shall it be done unto his oxen . And the fear of the Lord fell on the people , and they came out with one consent .
8. 사울이 베섹에서 그들을 계수하니 이스라엘 자손이 삼십만이요 유다 사람이 삼만이더라
And when he numbered them in Bezek , the children of Israel were three hundred thousand , and the men of Judah thirty thousand .
9. 무리가 온 사자들에게 이르되 너희는 길르앗 야베스 사람에게 이같이 이르기를 내일 해가 더울 때에 너희가 구원을 얻으리라 하라 사자들이 돌아가서 야베스 사람들에게 고하매 그들이 기뻐하니라
And they said unto the messengers that came , Thus shall ye say unto the men of Jabesh–gilead , To morrow , by that time the sun be hot , ye shall have help . And the messengers came and shewed it to the men of Jabesh ; and they were glad .
10. 야베스 사람들이 이에 가로되 우리가 내일 너희에게 나아가리니 너희 소견에 좋을 대로 우리에게 다 행하라 하니라
Therefore the men of Jabesh said , To morrow we will come out unto you, and ye shall do with us all that seemeth good unto you.
11. 이튿날에 사울이 백성을 삼 대에 나누고 새벽에 적진 중에 들어가서 날이 더울 때까지 암몬 사람을 치매 남은 자가 다 흩어져서 둘도 함께 한 자가 없었더라
And it was so on the morrow , that Saul put the people in three companies ; and they came into the midst of the host in the morning watch , and slew the Ammonites until the heat of the day : and it came to pass, that they which remained were scattered , so that two of them were not left together .
12. 백성이 사무엘에게 이르되 사울이 어찌 우리를 다스리겠느냐 한 자가 누구니이까 그들을 끌어내소서 우리가 죽이겠나이다
And the people said unto Samuel , Who is he that said , Shall Saul reign over us? bring the men , that we may put them to death .
13. 사울이 가로되 이 날에는 사람을 죽이지 못하리니 여호와께서 오늘날 이스라엘 중에 구원을 베푸셨음이니라
And Saul said , There shall not a man be put to death this day : for to day the Lord hath wrought salvation in Israel .
14. 사무엘이 백성에게 이르되 오라 우리가 길갈로 가서 나라를 새롭게 하자
Then said Samuel to the people , Come , and let us go to Gilgal , and renew the kingdom there.
15. 모든 백성이 길갈로 가서 거기서 여호와 앞에 사울로 왕을 삼고 거기서 여호와 앞에 화목제를 드리고 사울과 이스라엘 모든 사람이 거기서 크게 기뻐하니라
And all the people went to Gilgal ; and there they made Saul king before the Lord in Gilgal ; and there they sacrificed sacrifices of peace offerings before the Lord ; and there Saul and all the men of Israel rejoiced greatly .
■ 주석 보기
【삼상11:1 JFB】삼상11:1-4. Nahash Offers Them of Jabesh-gilead a Reproachful Condition.
1. Then Nahash the Ammonite came up—Nahash ("serpent"); (see 유8:3). The Ammonites had long claimed the right of original possession in Gilead. Though repressed by Jephthah (유11:33), they now, after ninety years, renew their pretensions; and it was the report of their threatened invasion that hastened the appointment of a king (삼상12:12).
Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee—They saw no prospect of aid from the western Israelites, who were not only remote, but scarcely able to repel the incursions of the Philistines from themselves.
【삼상11:1 CWC】[SAUL CONFIRMED AS KING]
1. The Peasant Becomes a Prince.
There was one verse in the last lesson (10:6) we should think of more fully. When Samuel said the Spirit of the Lord would come upon Saul and he would be turned into another man, it is not necessary to suppose it meant his regeneration. There is a question as to whether Saul ever was regenerated, for his life-story would not lead us to believe he was.
The Spirit of the Lord coming on a man is one thing, and the Spirit of the Lord coming into a man is another. He comes on a man for service. He comes in him for salvation. We saw Him coming on Balaam, enabling him to prophesy, although the event shows that Balaam was not in fellowship with God, and so it may have been with Saul, and so it may be with any man. Service should not be out first desire, but salvation.
Saul had been a farmer's son, with no training for a monarch's throne, but the Spirit of God "rushed" upon him, as the word means, and endowed him to act in a manner far superior to his previous character and habits. "Instead of the simplicity of a peasant he now displayed the wisdom and energy of a prince."
2. The Choice of the Lot, 10:17-27.
The event here is an illustration of the relation of the divine sovereignty to human free agency. It was God's purpose that Saul should be king as indicated in His earlier selection of him and yet, so far as we can see, the people who were ignorant of this were perfectly free in their casting of the lot. So in the case of our salvation. "No man cometh to the Father but by me" (요14:16), and yet, "whosoever will may take of the water of life freely" (계22:17).
Note, that the "Magna Charta" of the kingdom was laid up "before the Lord," placed with the other sacred records for safe-keeping and transmission, a circumstance to which attention has been called on earlier occasions as bearing upon the history of the text of Scripture.
That is a beautiful expression in verse 26, showing how God provided for the suite of the new sovereign and the dignity of the kingly state. These men feared God and honored the king (벧전2:17). There were others, however (v. 27), but Saul in his treatment of them showed himself a king.
3. The Selection Confirmed, c. 11.
This chapter divides itself into two parts: Saul's victory over the Ammonites (vv. 1-11), and the effect upon the people in reference to himself (vv. 12-15). It contains no difficulties, but it ought to be stated that the demand of the Ammonites (v. 1) was based upon a supposed right of original possession in Gilead (read Judges 11).
Notice that no appeal was sent to Saul personally for aid, indicating that the people generally had not accepted him as king. But God had chosen and equipped him, which was sufficient (vv. 6-8).
Do not pass this by without observing God's sovereignty in the deliverance of His own. The men of Jabesh-Gilead are not looking to Him but to the people -- to some man who may help them. And yet their only hope is in God. And when He helps them it is through the instrument they have ignored. Moreover, it is His Spirit that does the work. Where otherwise could Saul have obtained the boldness to act as he did? And even then, would the people have had confidence to follow Him had not the Lord put His fear upon them?
What a lesson for our churches and missionary boards! How the magnitude of their work oppresses them in these days; how feeble the results in comparison with the effort and the size of the need. Why not turn to the God of Israel instead of wearing ourselves out with our own planning? Why not expect Him to carry on His work in His own way and His own time? The Spirit of God may fall upon any man He pleases, and His fear upon the people when He will, and then a revival comes and great is the accomplishment. Let us turn to Him in continual, humble and expectant prayer if we want to put the Ammonites to shame.
There is nothing so successful as success, and the enthusiasm of the people for Saul now is so strong, that with difficulty are they restrained from summary vengeance on those who would not follow him theretofore (vv. 12, 13). But Saul once more shows the strong reserve of a king, and is fully confirmed in the kingdom.
4. The Challenge of the Old Leader, c. 12.
The people have no charge to lay against Samuel (vv. 1-15), but he has one to lay against them, not for himself but for God. It was wrong and ungrateful for them to have desired a human king, yet they might be spared many of the unhappy consequences of that act if, even now, they would fear the Lord and serve Him (vv. 13-15).
It was needful that there should be a sign of the authority by which he spake. A thunderstorm in itself was not a miracle, but coming from a clear sky, in an unusual time of the year, and at the word of the prophet made it so (vv. 16-19).
Notice the testimony to the divine faithfulness and consistency in verse 22. How ever-recurring it is in Holy Scripture! And notice the cause of it, it hath "pleased" Him to do so. No desert on the part of His people, but just His own gracious pleasure (compare 엡1:4-6, 11, 12). This is humbling but assuring. If He pleases to save. He will save. And He pleases to save all who put their trust in His Son. It is the mark of the regenerated man that he submits to the Lord's pleasure always. It brings him pleasure to do so.
But do not lose the lesson of what Samuel says in verse 23. He would consider it calamitous for him to neglect the office of intercessor. Could a parent think more of his child than he of this nation? What an example for pastors! What an example for every Christian! (엡6:17, 18.)
【삼상11:1 MHCC】The first fruit of Saul's government was the rescue of Jabesh-gilead from the Ammonites. To save their lives, men will part with liberty, and even consent to have their eyes put out; is it then no wisdom to part with that sin which is as dear to us as our right eye, rather than to be cast into hell-fire? See the faith and confidence of Saul, and, grounded thereon, his courage and resolution. See also his activity in this business. When the Spirit of the Lord comes upon men, it will make them expert, even without experience. When zeal for the glory of God, and love for the brethren, urge men to earnest efforts, and when God is pleased to help, great effects may speedily be produced.
【삼상11:2 JFB】2. thrust out all your right eyes—literally, "scoop" or "hollow out" the ball. This barbarous mutilation is the usual punishment of usurpers in the East, inflicted on chiefs; sometimes, also, even in modern history, on the whole male population of a town. Nahash meant to keep the Jabeshites useful as tributaries, whence he did not wish to render them wholly blind, but only to deprive them of their right eye, which would disqualify them for war. Besides, his object was, through the people of Jabesh-gilead, to insult the Israelitish nation.
【삼상11:3 JFB】3, 4. send messengers unto all the coasts of Israel—a curious proof of the general dissatisfaction that prevailed as to the appointment of Saul. Those Gileadites deemed him capable neither of advising nor succoring them; and even in his own town the appeal was made to the people—not to the prince.
【삼상11:5 JFB】삼상11:5-11. They Send to Saul, and Are Delivered.
【삼상11:7 JFB】7. he took a yoke of oxen, and hewed them in pieces—(see 유19:29). This particular form of war-summons was suited to the character and habits of an agricultural and pastoral people. Solemn in itself, the denunciation that accompanied it carried a terrible threat to those that neglected to obey it. Saul conjoins the name of Samuel with his own, to lend the greater influence to the measure, and to strike greater terror unto all contemners of the order. The small contingent furnished by Judah suggests that the disaffection to Saul was strongest in that tribe.
【삼상11:8 JFB】8. Bezek—This place of general muster was not far from Shechem, on the road to Beth-shan, and nearly opposite the ford for crossing to Jabesh-gilead. The great number on the muster-roll showed the effect of Saul's wisdom and promptitude.
【삼상11:11 JFB】11. on the morrow, that Saul put the people in three companies—Crossing the Jordan in the evening, Saul marched his army all night, and came at daybreak on the camp of the Ammonites, who were surprised in three different parts, and totally routed. This happened before the seven days' truce expired.
【삼상11:12 JFB】삼상11:12-15. Saul Confirmed King.
12-15. the people said …, Who is he that said, Shall Saul reign over us?—The enthusiastic admiration of the people, under the impulse of grateful and generous feelings, would have dealt summary vengeance on the minority who opposed Saul, had not he, either from principle or policy, shown himself as great in clemency as in valor. The calm and sagacious counsel of Samuel directed the popular feelings into a right channel, by appointing a general assembly of the militia, the really effective force of the nation, at Gilgal, where, amid great pomp and religious solemnities, the victorious leader was confirmed in his kingdom [삼상11:15].
【삼상11:12 MHCC】They now honoured Saul whom they had despised; and if an enemy be made a friend, that is more to our advantage than to have him slain. The once despised Saviour will at length be acknowledged by all as the Lord's own anointed king. As yet, upon his mercy-seat, he receives the submission of rebels, and even pleads their cause; but shortly, from his righteous tribunal, he will condemn all who persist in opposing him.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.