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■ 사무엘상 1장
1. 에브라임 산지 라마다임소빔에 에브라임 사람 엘가나라 하는 자가 있으니 그는 여로함의 아들이요 엘리후의 손자요 도후의 증손이요 숩의 현손이더라
Now there was a certain man of Ramathaim–zophim , of mount Ephraim , and his name was Elkanah , the son of Jeroham , the son of Elihu , the son of Tohu , the son of Zuph , an Ephrathite :
2. 그에게 두 아내가 있으니 하나의 이름은 한나요 하나의 이름은 브닌나라 브닌나는 자식이 있고 한나는 무자하더라
And he had two wives ; the name of the one was Hannah , and the name of the other Peninnah : and Peninnah had children , but Hannah had no children .
3. 이 사람이 매년에 자기 성읍에서 나와서 실로에 올라가서 만군의 여호와께 경배하며 제사를 드렸는데 엘리의 두 아들 홉니와 비느하스가 여호와의 제사장으로 거기 있었더라
And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice unto the Lord of hosts in Shiloh . And the two sons of Eli , Hophni and Phinehas , the priests of the Lord , were there.
4. 엘가나가 제사를 드리는 날에는 제물의 분깃을 그 아내 브닌나와 그 모든 자녀에게 주고
And when the time was that Elkanah offered , he gave to Peninnah his wife , and to all her sons and her daughters , portions :
5. 한나에게는 갑절을 주니 이는 그를 사랑함이라 그러나 여호와께서 그로 성태치 못하게 하시니
But unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion ; for he loved Hannah : but the Lord had shut up her womb .
6. 여호와께서 그로 성태치 못하게 하시므로 그 대적 브닌나가 그를 심히 격동하여 번민케 하더라
And her adversary also provoked her sore , for to make her fret , because the Lord had shut up her womb .
7. 매년에 한나가 여호와의 집에 올라갈 때마다 남편이 그같이 하매 브닌나가 그를 격동시키므로 그가 울고 먹지 아니하니
And as he did so year by year , when she went up to the house of the Lord , so she provoked her; therefore she wept , and did not eat .
8. 그 남편 엘가나가 그에게 이르되 한나여 어찌하여 울며 어찌하여 먹지 아니하며 어찌하여 그대의 마음이 슬프뇨 내가 그대에게 열 아들보다 낫지 아니하뇨
Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah , why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved ? am not I better to thee than ten sons ?
9. 그들이 실로에서 먹고 마신 후에 한나가 일어나니 때에 제사장 엘리는 여호와의 전 문설주 곁 그 의자에 앉았더라
So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh , and after they had drunk . Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the Lord .
10. 한나가 마음이 괴로워서 여호와께 기도하고 통곡하며
And she was in bitterness of soul , and prayed unto the Lord , and wept sore .
11. 서원하여 가로되 만군의 여호와여 만일 주의 여종의 고통을 돌아보시고 나를 생각하시고 주의 여종을 잊지 아니하사 아들을 주시면 내가 그의 평생에 그를 여호와께 드리고 삭도를 그 머리에 대지 아니하겠나이다
And she vowed a vow , and said , O Lord of hosts , if thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid , and remember me, and not forget thine handmaid , but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child , then I will give him unto the Lord all the days of his life , and there shall no razor come upon his head .
12. 그가 여호와 앞에 오래 기도하는 동안에 엘리가 그의 입을 주목한즉
And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the Lord , that Eli marked her mouth .
13. 한나가 속으로 말하매 입술만 동하고 음성은 들리지 아니하므로 엘리는 그가 취한 줄로 생각한지라
Now Hannah , she spake in her heart ; only her lips moved , but her voice was not heard : therefore Eli thought she had been drunken .
14. 엘리가 그에게 이르되 네가 언제까지 취하여 있겠느냐 포도주를 끊으라
And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken ? put away thy wine from thee.
15. 한나가 대답하여 가로되 나의 주여 그렇지 아니하니이다 나는 마음이 슬픈 여자라 포도주나 독주를 마신 것이 아니요 여호와 앞에 나의 심정을 통한 것뿐이오니
And Hannah answered and said , No, my lord , I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit : I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink , but have poured out my soul before the Lord .
16. 당신의 여종을 악한 여자로 여기지 마옵소서 내가 지금까지 말한 것은 나의 원통함과 격동됨이 많음을 인함이니이다
Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial : for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.
17. 엘리가 대답하여 가로되 평안히 가라 이스라엘의 하나님이 너의 기도하여 구한 것을 허락하시기를 원하노라
Then Eli answered and said , Go in peace : and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him.
18. 가로되 당신의 여종이 당신께 은혜 입기를 원하나이다 하고 가서 먹고 얼굴에 다시는 수색이 없으니라
And she said , Let thine handmaid find grace in thy sight . So the woman went her way , and did eat , and her countenance was no more sad.
19. 그들이 아침에 일찍이 일어나 여호와 앞에 경배하고 돌아가서 라마의 자기 집에 이르니라 엘가나가 그 아내 한나와 동침하매 여호와께서 그를 생각하신지라
And they rose up in the morning early , and worshipped before the Lord , and returned , and came to their house to Ramah : and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife ; and the Lord remembered her.
20. 한나가 잉태하고 때가 이르매 아들을 낳아 사무엘이라 이름하였으니 이는 내가 여호와께 그를 구하였다 함이더라
Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived , that she bare a son , and called his name Samuel , saying, Because I have asked him of the Lord .
21. 그 사람 엘가나와 그 온 집이 여호와께 매년제와 그 서원제를 드리러 올라갈 때에
And the man Elkanah , and all his house , went up to offer unto the Lord the yearly sacrifice , and his vow .
22. 오직 한나는 올라가지 아니하고 그 남편에게 이르되 아이를 젖 떼거든 내가 그를 데리고 가서 여호와 앞에 뵈게 하고 거기 영영히 있게 하리이다
But Hannah went not up ; for she said unto her husband , I will not go up until the child be weaned , and then I will bring him, that he may appear before the Lord , and there abide for ever .
23. 그 남편 엘가나가 그에게 이르되 그대의 소견에 선한 대로 하여 그를 젖 떼기까지 기다리라 오직 여호와께서 그 말씀대로 이루시기를 원하노라 이에 그 여자가 그 아들을 양육하며 그 젖 떼기까지 기다리다가
And Elkanah her husband said unto her, Do what seemeth thee good ; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the Lord establish his word . So the woman abode , and gave her son suck until she weaned him.
24. 젖을 뗀 후에 그를 데리고 올라갈새 수소 셋과 가루 한 에바와 포도주 한 가죽부대를 가지고 실로 여호와의 집에 나아갔는데 아이가 어리더라
And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks , and one ephah of flour , and a bottle of wine , and brought him unto the house of the Lord in Shiloh : and the child was young .
25. 그들이 수소를 잡고 아이를 데리고 엘리에게 가서
And they slew a bullock , and brought the child to Eli .
26. 한나가 가로되 나의 주여 당신의 사심으로 맹세하나이다 나는 여기서 나의 주 당신 곁에 서서 여호와께 기도하던 여자라
And she said , Oh my lord , as thy soul liveth , my lord , I am the woman that stood by thee here, praying unto the Lord .
27. 이 아이를 위하여 내가 기도하였더니 여호와께서 나의 구하여 기도한 바를 허락하신지라
For this child I prayed ; and the Lord hath given me my petition which I asked of him:
28. 그러므로 나도 그를 여호와께 드리되 그의 평생을 여호와께 드리나이다 하고 그 아이는 거기서 여호와께 경배하니라
Therefore also I have lent him to the Lord ; as long as he liveth he shall be lent to the Lord . And he worshipped the Lord there.
■ 주석 보기
【삼상1:1 JFB】삼상1:1-8. Of Elkanah and His Two Wives.
1, 2. a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim—The first word being in the dual number, signifies the double city—the old and new town of Ramah (삼상1:19). There were five cities of this name, all on high ground. This city had the addition of Zophim attached to it, because it was founded by Zuph, "an Ephrathite," that is a native of Ephratha. Beth-lehem, and the expression "of Ramathaim-zophim" must, therefore, be understood as Ramah in the land of Zuph in the hill country of Ephratha. Others, considering "mount Ephraim" as pointing to the locality in Joseph's territory, regard "Zophim" not as a proper but a common noun, signifying watchtowers, or watchmen, with reference either to the height of its situation, or its being the residence of prophets who were watchmen (겔3:17). Though a native of Ephratha or Beth-lehem-judah (룻1:2), Elkanah was a Levite (대상6:33, 34). Though of this order, and a good man, he practised polygamy. This was contrary to the original law, but it seems to have been prevalent among the Hebrews in those days, when there was no king in Israel, and every man did what seemed right in his own eyes [유21:25].
【삼상1:1 CWC】[THE BIRTH AND DEDICATION OF SAMUEL]
1. A Sorrowful Wife, c. 1.
Like Ruth, the opening of First Samuel deals with events in the time of the Judges, and is the book of transition from that period to the monarchy.
Verses 1-8. Though there is difficulty in locating the city named in verse 1, yet it appears that Elkanah was a native of Bethlehem-judah like Elimelech (see the first lesson in Ruth). He was a Levite, as we see by 대상6:33, 34, and if it is surprising that he should have practiced polygamy (v. 2), we must remember the moral condition of the people at this time, but not imagine that God approved it.
Verses 4 and 5 suggest a situation not unlike that of Jacob and Rachel and Leah (창29:15-35). The latter of the verses is rendered in the Septuagint: "But unto Hannah he gave a single portion, because she had no child; howbeit Elkanah loved Hannah." It will be recalled from 레3:7 and 신12:12 that the offerer received back the greater part of the peace-offerings, which he and his family might eat at a social feast in connection with the act of worship, and it is to this that "portion" alludes. The "adversary" (v. 6) is translated "rival" in the Revised Version and refers to Peninnah.
Verses 9-18. What a beautiful illustration of 시50:15 is found in these verses! As Hannah was the wife of a Levite, a son would in any event have belonged to the Lord (v. 11); but if this one was to be a Nazarite from his birth (민6:5; 삿13:5) it meant that his residence and service in the sanctuary must begin at an earlier period than usual.
Eli's words in verse 17 were spoken by the Holy Spirit through him whether he were aware of it or not. And Hannah seemed to understand them as a divine answer to her prayer (v. 18).
2. A Joyous Mother, 2:1-11.
Hannah's song will recall that of Mary in 눅1:46-55, and must not be regarded simply as a natural song of thanksgiving, although it came from Hannah's heart. It was a prophecy of the Holy Spirit within her, making her joy to overflow in praise for those greater blessings in Christ of which the whole race will partake, and of which Samuel's birth was an earnest and pledge.
Study the words carefully, and see how they pass over all the intermediate steps of the development of the kingdom of God, and point to the final goal when the dominion is extended over the ends of the earth.
Doctrinally considered, the song expresses joy in the power of God (v. 1); it praises Him for His holiness and faithfulness, which is as firm as a rock (v. 2); it extols His providence in His omniscience and omnipotence in dealing with the strong and the weak, the rich and the poor, the high and the low, the godly and ungodly (vv. 3-8); and finally, it bears prophetic testimony to His victory at the end and the establishment of His Kingdom on the earth through Jesus Christ (vv. 9, 10.)
【삼상1:1 MHCC】Elkanah kept up his attendance at God's altar, notwithstanding the unhappy differences in his family. If the devotions of a family prevail not to put an end to its divisions, yet let not the divisions put a stop to the devotions. To abate our just love to any relation for the sake of any infirmity which they cannot help, and which is their affliction, is to make God's providence quarrel with his precept, and very unkindly to add affliction to the afflicted. It is evidence of a base disposition, to delight in grieving those who are of a sorrowful spirit, and in putting those out of humour who are apt to fret and be uneasy. We ought to bear one another's burdens, not add to them. Hannah could not bear the provocation. Those who are of a fretful spirit, and are apt to lay provocations too much to heart, are enemies to themselves, and strip themselves of many comforts both of life and godliness. We ought to notice comforts, to keep us from grieving for crosses. We should look at that which is for us, as well as what is against us.
【삼상1:3 JFB】3. this man went up out of his city yearly to worship in Shiloh—In that place was the "earth's one sanctuary," and thither he repaired at the three solemn feasts, accompanied by his family at one of them—probably the passover. Although a Levite, he could not personally offer a sacrifice—that was exclusively the office of the priests; and his piety in maintaining a regular attendance on the divine ordinances is the more worthy of notice because the character of the two priests who administered them was notoriously bad. But doubtless he believed, and acted on the belief, that the ordinances were "effectual means of salvation, not from any virtue in them, or in those who administered them, but from the grace of God being communicated through them."
【삼상1:4 JFB】4. when … Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah … portions—The offerer received back the greater part of the peace offerings, which he and his family or friends were accustomed to eat at a social feast before the Lord. (See on 레3:3; 신12:12). It was out of these consecrated viands Elkanah gave portions to all the members of his family; but "unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion"; that is, a larger choice, according to the Eastern fashion of showing regard to beloved or distinguished guests. (See on 삼상9:24; also see on 창43:34).
【삼상1:6 JFB】6. her adversary also provoked her sore—The conduct of Peninnah was most unbecoming. But domestic broils in the houses of polygamists are of frequent occurrence, and the most fruitful cause of them has always been jealousy of the husband's superior affection, as in this case of Hannah.
【삼상1:9 JFB】삼상1:9-18. Hannah's Prayer.
11. she prayed … she vowed a vow—Here is a specimen of the intense desire that reigned in the bosoms of the Hebrew women for children. This was the burden of Hannah's prayer; and the strong preference she expressed for a male child originated in her purpose of dedicating him to the tabernacle service. The circumstance of his birth bound him to this; but his residence within the precincts of the sanctuary would have to commence at an earlier age than usual, in consequence of the Nazarite vow.
【삼상1:9 MHCC】Hannah mingled tears with her prayers; she considered the mercy of our God, who knows the troubled soul. God gives us leave, in prayer, not only to ask good things in general, but to mention that special good thing we most need and desire. She spoke softly, none could hear her. Hereby she testified her belief of God's knowledge of the heart and its desires. Eli was high priest, and judge in Israel. It ill becomes us to be rash and hasty in censures of others, and to think people guilty of bad things while the matter is doubtful and unproved. Hannah did not retort the charge, and upbraid Eli with the wicked conduct of his own sons. When we are at any time unjustly censured, we have need to set a double watch before the door of our lips, that we do not return censure for censure. Hannah thought it enough to clear herself, and so must we. Eli was willing to acknowledge his mistake. Hannah went away with satisfaction of mind. She had herself by prayer committed her case to God, and Eli had prayed for her. Prayer is heart's ease to a gracious soul. Prayer will smooth the countenance; it should do so. None will long remain miserable, who use aright the privilege of going to the mercy-seat of a reconciled God in Christ Jesus.
【삼상1:12 JFB】12-18. Eli marked her mouth—The suspicion of the aged priest seems to indicate that the vice of intemperance was neither uncommon nor confined to one sex in those times of disorder. This mistaken impression was immediately removed, and, in the words, "God grant," or rather, "will grant," was followed by an invocation which, as Hannah regarded it in the light of a prophecy pointing to the accomplishment of her earnest desire, dispelled her sadness, and filled her with confident hope [삼상1:18]. The character and services of the expected child were sufficiently important to make his birth a fit subject for prophecy.
【삼상1:19 MHCC】Elkanah and his family had a journey before them, and a family of children to take with them, yet they would not move till they had worshipped God together. Prayer and provender do not hinder a journey. When men are in such haste to set out upon journeys, or to engage in business, that they have not time to worship God, they are likely to proceed without his presence and blessing. Hannah, though she felt a warm regard for the courts of God's house, begged to stay at home. God will have mercy, and not sacrifice. Those who are detained from public ordinances, by the nursing and tending of little children, may take comfort from this instance, and believe, that if they do that duty in a right spirit, God will graciously accept them therein. Hannah presented her child to the Lord with a grateful acknowledgment of his goodness in answer to prayer. Whatever we give to God, it is what we have first asked and received from him. All our gifts to him were first his gifts to us. The child Samuel early showed true piety. Little children should be taught to worship God when very young. Their parents should teach them in it, bring them to it, and put them on doing it as well as they can; God will graciously accept them, and will teach them to do better.
【삼상1:20 JFB】삼상1:20. Samuel Born.
20. called his name Samuel—doubtless with her husband's consent. The names of children were given sometimes by the fathers, and sometimes by the mothers (see 창4:1, 26; 5:29; 19:37; 21:3); and among the early Hebrews, they were commonly compound names, one part including the name of God.
【삼상1:21 JFB】21. the man Elkanah … went up to offer … his vow—The solemn expression of his concurrence in Hannah's vow was necessary to make it obligatory. (See on 민30:3).
【삼상1:22 JFB】22. But Hannah went not up—Men only were obliged to attend the solemn feasts (출23:17). But Hannah, like other pious women, was in the habit of going, only she deemed it more prudent and becoming to defer her next journey till her son's age would enable her to fulfill her vow.
【삼상1:24 JFB】24. three bullocks—The Septuagint renders it "a bullock of three years old"; which is probably the true rendering.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.