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■ 이사야 63장
1. 에돔에서 오며 홍의를 입고 보스라에서 오는 자가 누구뇨 그 화려한 의복, 큰 능력으로 걷는 자가 누구뇨 그는 내니 의를 말하는 자요 구원하기에 능한 자니라
Who is this that cometh from Edom , with dyed garments from Bozrah ? this that is glorious in his apparel , travelling in the greatness of his strength ? I that speak in righteousness , mighty to save .
2. 어찌하여 네 의복이 붉으며 네 옷이 포도즙 틀을 밟는 자 같으뇨
Wherefore art thou red in thine apparel , and thy garments like him that treadeth in the winefat ?
3. 만민 중에 나와 함께한 자가 없이 내가 홀로 포도즙 틀을 밟았는데 내가 노함을 인하여 무리를 밟았고 분함을 인하여 짓밟았으므로 그들의 선혈이 내 옷에 뛰어 내 의복을 다 더럽혔음이니
I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the people there was none with me: for I will tread them in mine anger , and trample them in my fury ; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon my garments , and I will stain all my raiment .
4. 이는 내 원수 갚는 날이 내 마음에 있고 내 구속할 해가 왔으나
For the day of vengeance is in mine heart , and the year of my redeemed is come .
5. 내가 본즉 도와주는 자도 없고 붙들어 주는 자도 없으므로 이상히 여겨 내 팔이 나를 구원하며 내 분이 나를 붙들었음이라
And I looked , and there was none to help ; and I wondered that there was none to uphold : therefore mine own arm brought salvation unto me; and my fury , it upheld me.
6. 내가 노함을 인하여 만민을 밟았으며 내가 분함을 인하여 그들을 취케 하고 그들의 선혈로 땅에 쏟아지게 하였느니라
And I will tread down the people in mine anger , and make them drunk in my fury , and I will bring down their strength to the earth .
7. 내가 여호와께서 우리에게 베푸신 모든 자비와 그 찬송을 말하며 그 긍휼을 따라, 그 많은 자비를 따라 이스라엘 집에 베푸신 큰 은총을 말하리라
I will mention the lovingkindnesses of the Lord , and the praises of the Lord , according to all that the Lord hath bestowed on us, and the great goodness toward the house of Israel , which he hath bestowed on them according to his mercies , and according to the multitude of his lovingkindnesses .
8. 여호와께서 말씀하시되 그들은 실로 나의 백성이요 거짓을 행치 아니하는 자녀라 하시고 그들의 구원자가 되사
For he said , Surely they are my people , children that will not lie : so he was their Saviour .
9. 그들의 모든 환난에 동참하사 자기 앞의 사자로 그들을 구원하시며 그 사랑과 그 긍휼로 그들을 구속하시고 옛적 모든 날에 그들을 드시며 안으셨으나
In all their affliction he was afflicted , and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old .
10. 그들이 반역하여 주의 성신을 근심케 하였으므로 그가 돌이켜 그들의 대적이 되사 친히 그들을 치셨더니
But they rebelled , and vexed his holy Spirit : therefore he was turned to be their enemy , and he fought against them.
11. 백성이 옛적 모세의 날을 추억하여 가로되 백성과 양 무리의 목자를 바다에서 올라오게 하신 자가 이제 어디 계시뇨 그들 중에 성신을 두신 자가 이제 어디 계시뇨
Then he remembered the days of old , Moses , and his people , saying, Where is he that brought them up out of the sea with the shepherd of his flock ? where is he that put his holy Spirit within him?
12. 그 영광의 팔을 모세의 오른손과 함께 하시며 그 이름을 영영케 하려 하사 그들 앞에서 물로 갈라지게 하시고
That led them by the right hand of Moses with his glorious arm , dividing the water before them, to make himself an everlasting name ?
13. 그들을 깊음으로 인도하시되 말이 광야에 행함과 같이 넘어지지 않게 하신 자가 이제 어디 계시뇨
That led them through the deep , as an horse in the wilderness , that they should not stumble ?
14. 여호와의 신이 그들로 골짜기로 내려가는 가축 같이 편히 쉬게 하셨도다 주께서 이같이 주의 백성을 인도하사 이름을 영화롭게 하셨나이다 하였느니라
As a beast goeth down into the valley , the Spirit of the Lord caused him to rest : so didst thou lead thy people , to make thyself a glorious name .
15. 주여 하늘에서 굽어 살피시며 주의 거룩하시고 영화로운 처소에서 보옵소서 주의 열성과 주의 능하신 행동이 이제 어디 있나이까 주의 베푸시던 간곡한 자비와 긍휼이 내게 그쳤나이다
Look down from heaven , and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory : where is thy zeal and thy strength , the sounding of thy bowels and of thy mercies toward me? are they restrained ?
16. 주는 우리 아버지시라 아브라함은 우리를 모르고 이스라엘은 우리를 인정치 아니할지라도 여호와여 주는 우리의 아버지시라 상고부터 주의 이름을 우리의 구속자라 하셨거늘
Doubtless thou art our father , though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Israel acknowledge us not: thou, O Lord , art our father , our redeemer ; thy name is from everlasting .
17. 여호와여 어찌하여 우리로 주의 길에서 떠나게 하시며 우리의 마음을 강퍅케 하사 주를 경외하지 않게 하시나이까 원컨대 주의 종들 곧 주의 산업인 지파들을 위하사 돌아오시옵소서
O Lord , why hast thou made us to err from thy ways , and hardened our heart from thy fear ? Return for thy servants’ sake, the tribes of thine inheritance .
18. 주의 거룩한 백성이 땅을 차지한지 오래지 아니하여서 우리의 대적이 주의 성소를 유린하였사오니
The people of thy holiness have possessed it but a little while : our adversaries have trodden down thy sanctuary .
19. 우리는 주의 다스림을 받지 못하는 자 같으며 주의 이름으로 칭함을 받지 못하는 자 같이 되었나이다
We are thine: thou never barest rule over them; they were not called by thy name .
■ 주석 보기
【사63:1 JFB】사63:1-19. Messiah Coming as the Avenger, in Answer to His People's Prayers.
Messiah, approaching Jerusalem after having avenged His people on His and their enemies, is represented under imagery taken from the destruction of "Edom," the type of the last and most bitter foes of God and His people (see 사34:5, &c.).
1. Who—the question of the prophet in prophetic vision.
dyed—scarlet with blood (사63:2, 3; 계19:13).
Bozrah—(See on 사34:6).
travelling—rather, stately; literally, "throwing back the head" [Gesenius].
speak in righteousness—answer of Messiah. I, who have in faithfulness given a promise of deliverance, am now about to fulfil it. Rather, speak of righteousness (사45:19; 46:13); salvation being meant as the result of His "righteousness" [Maurer].
save—The same Messiah that destroys the unbeliever saves the believer.
【사63:1 CWC】[MEETING OF THE AGES]
We are drawing to the end of the present, and the opening of the Millennial age. The prophet's eye rests on the time when Israel is back in her land, the majority still unconverted to Christ and worshiping in a restored temple. There is a faithful remnant waiting for Him, though enduring the persecution of the false christ. This persecution may often be felt at the hands of their own brethren after the flesh. These facts must be assumed in the interpretation of these chanters, though they will not appear strange to any who have studied the preceding books in this commentary.
Chapter 58 opens with a renewal of the prophetic commission, suggesting that at the time of the end there will be a special heralding of the Lord's Coming as there was at His first coming (말4:5-6). Indeed the whole chapter suggests the preaching of John the Baptist. Their complaint in verse 3 is answered in the verses that follow (vv. 4-7). Their blessing depends on obedience (vv. 8-14).
Chapter 59 continues the thought, leading into a revelation of the divine purpose to interpose on their behalf in the person of the Redeemer. This interposition is for judgment (vv. 15-19), but to the penitent and believing it means forgiveness, sanctification and blessing forever (vv. 20-21).
Chapter 60 carries on the description of the blessing. It has actually come. The rest of the world may yet be in darkness, but not Israel (vv. 1, 2). Moreover, the latter has become light for all the rest. Millennial blessing pervades the whole earth (vv. 3-11). Israel is the arbiter of the Gentile nations (v. 12), and the latter are contributing to her greatness and benefit (vv. 14-16). Now the whole of Israel is converted and she has become great (vv. 21-22).
Chapter 61 shows the cause of the foregoing to be the work of the Messiah on Israel's behalf (vv. 1-3). The first part of this prediction was fulfilled at the first coming of Christ (see 눅4:16-20). The first part ended at the proclamation of "the acceptable year of the Lord" (v. 3), but the second part begins "at the day of vengeance of our God." This is the second coming. The rest of the chanter repeats what was said of the future blessings in the preceding one.
Chapter 62 carries on the thought of 61. Help will be found by reading the Revised Version side by side with the King James, and especially by observing the marginal readings.
Chapter 63 begins with the picture of judgment. The day of vengeance is ushered in by the coming of the Avenger, Christ, on behalf of His people against the oppressing Gentiles (vv. 1-6). The remainder of the chapter is identified with the following one, the two composing the intercessory prayer of penitent Israel in that day. Read and compare it with Nehemiah's prayer in the first chapter of his book and with that of Daniel 9. It also suggests many of the psalms. The closing two chapters are the answer to this prayer, and require no comment in the light of the principles of interpretation illustrated before.
【사63:1 MHCC】 Christ's victory over his enemies. (사63:1-6) His mercy toward his church. (사63:7-14) The prayer of the church. (사63:15-19)
사63:1-6 The prophet, in vision, beholds the Messiah returning in triumph from the conquest of his enemies, of whom Edom was a type. Travelling, not as wearied by the combat, but, in the greatness of his strength, prepared to overcome every opposing power. Messiah declares that he had been treading the wine-press of the wrath of God, 계14:19; 19:13, and by his own power, without any human help, he had crushed his obstinate opposers, for the day of vengeance was determined on, being the appointed season for rescuing his church. Once, he appeared on earth in apparent weakness, to pour out his precious blood as an atonement for our sins; but he will in due time appear in the greatness of his strength. The vintage ripens apace; the day of vengeance, fixed and determined on, approaches apace; let sinners seek to be reconciled to their righteous Judge, ere he brings down their strength to the earth. Does Christ say, 'I come quickly?' let our hearts reply, 'Even so, come; let the year of the redeemed come.'
사63:7-14 The latter part of this chapter, and the whole of the next, seem to express the prayers of the Jews on their conversation. They acknowledge God's great mercies and favours to their nation. They confess their wickedness and hardness of heart; they entreat his forgiveness, and deplore the miserable condition under which they have so long suffered. The only-begotten Son of the Father became the Angel or Messenger of his love; thus he redeemed and bare them with tenderness. Yet they murmured, and resisted his Holy Spirit, despising and persecuting his prophets, rejecting and crucifying the promised Messiah. All our comforts and hopes spring from the loving-kindness of the Lord, and all our miseries and fears from our sins. But he is the Saviour, and when sinners seek after him, who in other ages glorified himself by saving and feeding his purchased flock, and leading them safely through dangers, and has given his Holy Spirit to prosper the labours of his ministers, there is good ground to hope they are discovering the way of peace.
사63:15-19 They beseech him to look down on the abject condition of their once-favoured nation. Would it not be glorious to his name to remove the veil from their hearts, to return to the tribes of his inheritance? The Babylonish captivity, and the after-deliverance of the Jews, were shadows of the events here foretold. The Lord looks down upon us in tenderness and mercy. Spiritual judgments are more to be dreaded than any other calamities; and we should most carefully avoid those sins which justly provoke the Lord to leave men to themselves and to their deceiver. 'Our Redeemer from everlasting' is thy name; thy people have always looked upon thee as the God to whom they might appeal. The Lord will hear the prayers of those who belong to him, and deliver them from those not called by his name.
【사63:2 JFB】2. The prophet asks why His garments are "dyed" and "red."
winefat—rather, the "wine-press," wherein the grapes were trodden with the feet; the juice would stain the garment of him who trod them (계14:19, 20; 19:15). The image was appropriate, as the country round Bozrah abounded in grapes. This final blow inflicted by Messiah and His armies (계19:13-15) shall decide His claim to the kingdoms usurped by Satan, and by the "beast," to whom Satan delegates his power. It will be a day of judgment to the hostile Gentiles, as His first coming was a day of judgment to the unbelieving Jews.
【사63:3 JFB】3. Reply of Messiah. For the image, see 애1:15. He "treads the wine-press" here not as a sufferer, but as an inflicter of vengeance.
will tread … shall be … will stain—rather preterites, "I trod … trampled … was sprinkled … I stained."
blood—literally, "spirited juice" of the grape, pressed out by treading [Gesenius].
【사63:4 JFB】4. is—rather, "was." This assigns the reason why He has thus destroyed the foe (습3:8).
my redeemed—My people to be redeemed.
day … year—here, as in 사34:8; 61:2, the time of "vengeance" is described as a "day"; that of grace and of "recompense" to the "redeemed," as a "year."
【사63:5 JFB】5. The same words as in 사59:16, except that there it is His "righteousness," here it is His "fury," which is said to have upheld Him.
【사63:6 JFB】6. Rather, preterites, "I trod down … made them drunk." The same image occurs 사51:17, 21-23; 시75:8; 렘25:26, 27.
will bring down … strength to … earth—rather, "I spilled their life-blood (the same Hebrew words as in 사63:3) on the earth" [Lowth and Septuagint].
【사63:7 JFB】7. Israel's penitential confession and prayer for restoration (시102:17, 20), extending from 사63:7 to 64:12.
loving-kindnesses … praises … mercies … loving-kindnesses—The plurals and the repetitions imply that language is inadequate to express the full extent of God's goodness.
us—the dispersed Jews at the time just preceding their final restoration.
house of Israel—of all ages; God was good not merely to the Jews now dispersed, but to Israel in every age of its history.
【사63:8 JFB】8. he—Jehovah "said," that is, thought, in choosing them as His covenant-people; so "said" (시95:10). Not that God was ignorant that the Jews would not keep faith with Him; but God is here said, according to human modes of thought to say within Himself what He might naturally have expected, as the result of His goodness to the Jews; thus the enormity of their unnatural perversity is the more vividly set forth.
lie—prove false to Me (compare 시44:17).
so—in virtue of His having chosen them, He became their Saviour. So the "therefore" (렘31:33). His eternal choice is the ground of His actually saving men (엡1:3, 4).
【사63:9 JFB】9. he was afflicted—English Version reads the Hebrew as the Keri (Margin), does, "There was affliction to Him." But the Chetib (text) reads, "There was no affliction" (the change in Hebrew being only of one letter); that is, "In all their affliction there was no (utterly overwhelming) affliction" [Gesenius]; or, for "Hardly had an affliction befallen them, when the angel of His presence saved them" [Maurer]; or, as best suits the parallelism, "In all their straits there was no straitness in His goodness to them" [Houbigant], (유10:16; 미2:7; 고후6:12).
angel of his presence—literally, "of His face," that is, who stands before Him continually; Messiah (출14:19; 23:20, 21; 잠8:30), language applicable to no creature (출32:34; 33:2, 14; 민20:16; 말3:1).
bare them—(사46:3, 4; 40:11; 출19:4; 신32:11, 12).
【사63:10 JFB】10. vexed—grieved (시78:40; 95:10; 행7:51; 엡4:30; 히3:10, 17).
he fought—rather, "He it was that fought," namely, the angel of His presence [Horsley], (애2:5).
【사63:11 JFB】11. remembered—Notwithstanding their perversity, He forgot not His covenant of old; therefore He did not wholly forsake them (레26:40-42, 44, 45; 시106:45, 46); the Jews make this their plea with God, that He should not now forsake them.
saying—God is represented, in human language, mentally speaking of Himself and His former acts of love to Israel, as His ground for pitying them notwithstanding their rebellion.
sea—Red Sea.
shepherd—Moses; or if the Hebrew be read plural, "shepherds," Moses, Aaron, and the other leaders (so 시77:20).
put … Spirit … within him—Hebrew, "in the inward parts of him," that is, Moses; or it refers to the flock, "in the midst of his people" (민11:17, 25; 느9:20; 학2:5).
【사63:12 JFB】12. The right hand of Moses was but the instrument; the arm of God was the real mover (출15:6; 14:21).
dividing the water—(느9:11; 시78:13).
【사63:13 JFB】13. deep—literally, "the tossing and roaring sea."
wilderness—rather, the "open plain" [Horsley], wherein there is no obstacle to cause a horse in its course the danger of stumbling.
【사63:14 JFB】14. As a beast … rest—image from a herd led "down" from the hills to a fertile and well-watered "valley" (시23:2); so God's Spirit "caused Israel to rest" in the promised land after their weary wanderings.
to make … name—(So 사63:12; 삼하7:23).
【사63:15 JFB】15. Here begins a fervent appeal to God to pity Israel now on the ground of His former benefits.
habitation of … holiness—(사57:15; 신26:15; 대하30:27; 시33:14; 80:14).
zeal … strength—evinced formerly for Thy people.
sounding of … bowels—Thine emotions of compassion (사16:11; 렘31:20; 48:36; 호11:8).
【사63:16 JFB】16. thou … father—of Israel, by right not merely of creation, but also of electing adoption (사64:8; 신32:6; 대상29:10).
though Abraham … Israel—It had been the besetting temptation of the Jews to rest on the mere privilege of their descent from faithful Abraham and Jacob (마3:9; 요8:39; 4:12); now at last they renounce this, to trust in God alone as their Father, notwithstanding all appearances to the contrary. Even though Abraham, our earthly father, on whom we have prided ourselves, disown us, Thou wilt not (사49:15; 시27:10). Isaac is not mentioned, because not all his posterity was admitted to the covenant, whereas all Jacob's was; Abraham is specified because he was the first father of the Jewish race.
everlasting—an argument why He should help them, namely, because of His everlasting immutability.
【사63:17 JFB】17. made us to err—that is, "suffer" us to err and to be hardened in our heart. They do not mean to deny their own blameworthiness, but confess that through their own fault God gave them over to a reprobate mind (사6:9, 10; 시119:10; 롬1:28).
Return—(민10:36; 시90:13).
【사63:18 JFB】18. people of … holiness—Israel dedicated as holy unto God (사62:12; 신7:6).
possessed—namely, the Holy Land, or Thy "sanctuary," taken from the following clause, which is parallel to this (compare 사64:10, 11; 시74:6-8).
thy—an argument why God should help them; their cause is His cause.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.