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■ 이사야 59장
1. 여호와의 손이 짧아 구원치 못하심도 아니요 귀가 둔하여 듣지 못하심도 아니라
Behold , the Lord’s hand is not shortened , that it cannot save ; neither his ear heavy , that it cannot hear :
2. 오직 너희 죄악이 너희와 너희 하나님 사이를 내었고 너희 죄가 그 얼굴을 가리워서 너희를 듣지 않으시게 함이니
But your iniquities have separated between you and your God , and your sins have hid his face from you, that he will not hear .
3. 이는 너희 손이 피에, 너희 손가락이 죄악에 더러웠으며 너희 입술은 거짓을 말하며 너희 혀는 악독을 발함이라
For your hands are defiled with blood , and your fingers with iniquity ; your lips have spoken lies , your tongue hath muttered perverseness .
4. 공의대로 소송하는 자도 없고 진리대로 판결하는 자도 없으며 허망한 것을 의뢰하며 거짓을 말하며 잔해를 잉태하여 죄악을 생산하며
None calleth for justice , nor any pleadeth for truth : they trust in vanity , and speak lies ; they conceive mischief , and bring forth iniquity .
5. 독사의 알을 품으며 거미줄을 짜나니 그 알을 먹는 자는 죽을 것이요 그 알이 밟힌즉 터져서 독사가 나올 것이니라
They hatch cockatrice’ eggs , and weave the spider’s web : he that eateth of their eggs dieth , and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper .
6. 그 짠 것으로는 옷을 이룰 수 없을 것이요 그 행위로는 자기를 가리울 수 없을 것이며 그 행위는 죄악의 행위라 그 손에는 강포한 행습이 있으며
Their webs shall not become garments , neither shall they cover themselves with their works : their works are works of iniquity , and the act of violence is in their hands .
7. 그 발은 행악하기에 빠르고 무죄한 피를 흘리기에 신속하며 그 사상은 죄악의 사상이라 황폐와 파멸이 그 길에 끼쳐졌으며
Their feet run to evil , and they make haste to shed innocent blood : their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity ; wasting and destruction are in their paths .
8. 그들은 평강의 길을 알지 못하며 그들의 행하는 곳에는 공의가 없으며 굽은 길을 스스로 만드나니 무릇 이 길을 밟는 자는 평강을 알지 못하느니라
The way of peace they know not; and there is no judgment in their goings : they have made them crooked paths : whosoever goeth therein shall not know peace .
9. 그러므로 공평이 우리에게서 멀고 의가 우리에게 미치지 못한즉 우리가 빛을 바라나 어두움뿐이요 밝은 것을 바라나 캄캄한 가운데 행하므로
Therefore is judgment far from us, neither doth justice overtake us: we wait for light , but behold obscurity ; for brightness , but we walk in darkness .
10. 우리가 소경 같이 담을 더듬으며 눈 없는 자 같이 두루 더듬으며 낮에도 황혼 때 같이 넘어지니 우리는 강장한 자 중에서도 죽은 자 같은지라
We grope for the wall like the blind , and we grope as if we had no eyes : we stumble at noonday as in the night ; we are in desolate places as dead men.
11. 우리가 곰 같이 부르짖으며 비둘기 같이 슬피 울며 공평을 바라나 없고 구원을 바라나 우리에게서 멀도다
We roar all like bears , and mourn sore like doves : we look for judgment , but there is none; for salvation , but it is far off from us.
12. 대저 우리의 허물이 주의 앞에 심히 많으며 우리의 죄가 우리를 쳐서 증거하오니 이는 우리의 허물이 우리와 함께 있음이라 우리의 죄악을 우리가 아나이다
For our transgressions are multiplied before thee, and our sins testify against us: for our transgressions are with us; and as for our iniquities , we know them;
13. 우리가 여호와를 배반하고 인정치 아니하며 우리 하나님을 좇는데서 돌이켜 포학과 패역을 말하며 거짓말을 마음에 잉태하여 발하니
In transgressing and lying against the Lord , and departing away from our God , speaking oppression and revolt , conceiving and uttering from the heart words of falsehood .
14. 공평이 뒤로 물리침이 되고 의가 멀리 섰으며 성실이 거리에 엎드러지고 정직이 들어가지 못하는도다
And judgment is turned away backward , and justice standeth afar off : for truth is fallen in the street , and equity cannot enter .
15. 성실이 없어지므로 악을 떠나는 자가 탈취를 당하는도다 여호와께서 이를 감찰하시고 그 공평이 없은 것을 기뻐 아니하시고
Yea, truth faileth ; and he that departeth from evil maketh himself a prey : and the Lord saw it, and it displeased him that there was no judgment .
16. 사람이 없음을 보시며 중재자 없음을 이상히 여기셨으므로 자기 팔로 스스로 구원을 베푸시며 자기의 의를 스스로 의지하사
And he saw that there was no man , and wondered that there was no intercessor : therefore his arm brought salvation unto him; and his righteousness , it sustained him.
17. 의로 호심경을 삼으시며 구원을 그 머리에 써서 투구를 삼으시고 보수로 옷을 삼으시며 열심을 입어 겉옷을 삼으시고
For he put on righteousness as a breastplate , and an helmet of salvation upon his head ; and he put on the garments of vengeance for clothing , and was clad with zeal as a cloke .
18. 그들의 행위대로 갚으시되 그 대적에게 분노하시며 그 원수에게 보응하시며 섬들에게 보복하실 것이라
According to their deeds , accordingly he will repay , fury to his adversaries , recompence to his enemies ; to the islands he will repay recompence .
19. 서방에서 여호와의 이름을 두려워하겠고 해돋는 편에서 그 기운에 몰려 급히 흐르는 하수 같이 오실 것임이로다
So shall they fear the name of the Lord from the west , and his glory from the rising of the sun . When the enemy shall come in like a flood , the Spirit of the Lord shall lift up a standard against him.
20. 여호와께서 가라사대 구속자가 시온에 임하며 야곱 중에 죄과를 떠나는 자에게 임하리라
And the Redeemer shall come to Zion , and unto them that turn from transgression in Jacob , saith the Lord .
21. 여호와께서 또 가라사대 내가 그들과 세운 나의 언약이 이러하니 곧 네 위에 있는 나의 신과 네 입에 둔 나의 말이 이제부터 영영토록 네 입에서와 네 후손의 입에서와 네 후손의 후손의 입에서 떠나지 아니하리라 하시니라 여호와의 말씀이니라
As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the Lord ; My spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth , shall not depart out of thy mouth , nor out of the mouth of thy seed , nor out of the mouth of thy seed’s seed , saith the Lord , from henceforth and for ever .
■ 주석 보기
【사59:1 JFB】사59:1-21. The People's Sin the Cause of Judgments: They at Last Own It Themselves: the Redeemer's Future Interposition in Their Extremity.
The reason why Jehovah does not deliver His people, notwithstanding their religious services (사58:3), is not want of power on His part, but because of their sins (사59:1-8); 사59:9-15 contain their confession; 사59:16-21, the consequent promise of the Messiah.
1. hand … shortened—(See on 사50:2).
ear heavy—(사6:10).
【사59:1 CWC】[MEETING OF THE AGES]
We are drawing to the end of the present, and the opening of the Millennial age. The prophet's eye rests on the time when Israel is back in her land, the majority still unconverted to Christ and worshiping in a restored temple. There is a faithful remnant waiting for Him, though enduring the persecution of the false christ. This persecution may often be felt at the hands of their own brethren after the flesh. These facts must be assumed in the interpretation of these chanters, though they will not appear strange to any who have studied the preceding books in this commentary.
Chapter 58 opens with a renewal of the prophetic commission, suggesting that at the time of the end there will be a special heralding of the Lord's Coming as there was at His first coming (말4:5-6). Indeed the whole chapter suggests the preaching of John the Baptist. Their complaint in verse 3 is answered in the verses that follow (vv. 4-7). Their blessing depends on obedience (vv. 8-14).
Chapter 59 continues the thought, leading into a revelation of the divine purpose to interpose on their behalf in the person of the Redeemer. This interposition is for judgment (vv. 15-19), but to the penitent and believing it means forgiveness, sanctification and blessing forever (vv. 20-21).
Chapter 60 carries on the description of the blessing. It has actually come. The rest of the world may yet be in darkness, but not Israel (vv. 1, 2). Moreover, the latter has become light for all the rest. Millennial blessing pervades the whole earth (vv. 3-11). Israel is the arbiter of the Gentile nations (v. 12), and the latter are contributing to her greatness and benefit (vv. 14-16). Now the whole of Israel is converted and she has become great (vv. 21-22).
Chapter 61 shows the cause of the foregoing to be the work of the Messiah on Israel's behalf (vv. 1-3). The first part of this prediction was fulfilled at the first coming of Christ (see 눅4:16-20). The first part ended at the proclamation of "the acceptable year of the Lord" (v. 3), but the second part begins "at the day of vengeance of our God." This is the second coming. The rest of the chanter repeats what was said of the future blessings in the preceding one.
Chapter 62 carries on the thought of 61. Help will be found by reading the Revised Version side by side with the King James, and especially by observing the marginal readings.
Chapter 63 begins with the picture of judgment. The day of vengeance is ushered in by the coming of the Avenger, Christ, on behalf of His people against the oppressing Gentiles (vv. 1-6). The remainder of the chapter is identified with the following one, the two composing the intercessory prayer of penitent Israel in that day. Read and compare it with Nehemiah's prayer in the first chapter of his book and with that of Daniel 9. It also suggests many of the psalms. The closing two chapters are the answer to this prayer, and require no comment in the light of the principles of interpretation illustrated before.
【사59:1 MHCC】 Reproofs of sin and wickedness. (사59:1-8) Confession of sin, and lamentation for the consequences. (사59:9-15) Promises of deliverance. (사59:16-21)
사59:1-8 If our prayers are not answered, and the salvation we wait for is not wrought for us, it is not because God is weary of hearing prayer, but because we are weary of praying. See here sin in true colours, exceedingly sinful; and see sin in its consequences, exceedingly hurtful, separating from God, and so separating us, not only from all good, but to all evil. Yet numbers feed, to their own destruction, on infidel and wicked systems. Nor can their skill or craft, in devising schemes, as the spider weaves its web, deliver or save them. No schemes of self-wrought salvation shall avail those who despise the Redeemer's robe of righteousness. Every man who is destitute of the Spirit of Christ, runs swiftly to evil of some sort; but those regardless of Divine truth and justice, are strangers to peace.
사59:9-15 If we shut our eyes against the light of Divine truth, it is just with God to hide from our eyes the things that belong to our peace. The sins of those who profess themselves God's people, are worse than the sins of others. And the sins of a nation bring public judgments, when not restrained by public justice. Men may murmur under calamities, but nothing will truly profit while they reject Christ and his gospel.
사59:16-21 This passage is connected with the following chapters. It is generally thought to describe the coming of the Messiah, as the Avenger and Deliverer of his church. There was none to intercede with God to turn away his wrath; none to interpose for the support of justice and truth. Yet He engaged his own strength and righteousness for his people. God will make his justice upon the enemies of his church and people plainly appear. When the enemy threatens to bear down all without control, then the Spirit of the Lord shall stop him, put him to flight. He that has delivered, will still deliver. A far more glorious salvation is promised to be wrought out by the Messiah in the fulness of time, which all the prophets had in view. The Son of God shall come to us to be our Redeemer; the Spirit of God shall come to be our Sanctifier: thus the Comforter shall abide with the church for ever, 요14:16. The word of Christ will always continue in the mouths of the faithful; and whatever is pretended to be the mind of the Spirit, must be tried by the Scriptures. We must lament the progress of infidelity and impiety. But the cause of the Redeemer shall gain a complete victory even on earth, and the believer will be more than conqueror when the Lord receives him to his glory in heaven.
【사59:2 JFB】2. hid—Hebrew, "caused Him to hide" (애3:44).
【사59:3 JFB】3. (사1:15; 롬3:13-15).
hands … fingers—Not merely the "hands" perpetrate deeds of grosser enormity ("blood"), but the "fingers" commit more minute acts of "iniquity."
lips … tongue—The lips "speak" openly "lies," the tongue "mutters" malicious insinuations ("perverseness"; perverse misrepresentations of others) (렘6:28; 9:4).
【사59:4 JFB】4. Rather, "No one calleth an adversary into court with justice," that is, None bringeth a just suit: "No one pleadeth with truth."
they trust … iniquity—(So 욥15:35; 시7:14).
【사59:5 JFB】5. cockatrice—probably the basilisk serpent, cerastes. Instead of crushing evil in the egg, they foster it.
spider's web—This refers not to the spider's web being made to entrap, but to its thinness, as contrasted with substantial "garments," as 사59:6 shows. Their works are vain and transitory (욥8:14; 잠11:18).
eateth … their eggs—he who partakes in their plans, or has anything to do with them, finds them pestiferous.
that which is crushed—The egg, when it is broken, breaketh out as a viper; their plans, however specious in their undeveloped form like the egg, when developed, are found pernicious. Though the viper is viviparous (from which "vi-per" is derived), yet during gestation, the young are included in eggs, which break at the birth [Bochart]; however, metaphors often combine things without representing everything to the life.
【사59:6 JFB】6. not … garments—like the "fig leaves" wherewith Adam and Eve vainly tried to cover their shame, as contrasted with "the coats of skins" which the Lord God made to clothe them with (사64:6; 롬13:14; 갈3:27; 빌3:9). The artificial self-deceiving sophisms of human philosophy (딤전6:5; 딤후2:16, 23).
【사59:7 JFB】7. feet—All their members are active in evil; in 사59:3, the "hands, fingers, lips, and tongue," are specified.
run … haste—(롬3:15). Contrast David's "running and hasting" in the ways of God (시119:32, 60).
thoughts—not merely their acts, but their whole thoughts.
【사59:8 JFB】8. peace—whether in relation to God, to their own conscience, or to their fellow men (사57:20, 21).
judgment—justice.
crooked—the opposite of "straightforward" (잠2:15; 28:18).
【사59:9 JFB】9. judgment far—retribution in kind because they had shown "no judgment in their goings" (사59:8). "The vindication of our just rights by God is withheld by Him from us."
us—In 사59:8 and previous verses, it was "they," the third person; here, "us … we," the first person. The nation here speaks: God thus making them out of their own mouth condemn themselves; just as He by His prophet had condemned them before. Isaiah includes himself with his people and speaks in their name.
justice—God's justice bringing salvation (사46:13).
light—the dawn of returning prosperity.
obscurity—adversity (렘8:15).
【사59:10 JFB】10. grope—fulfilling Moses' threat (신28:29).
stumble at noon … as … night—There is no relaxation of our evils; at the time when we might look for the noon of relief, there is still the night of our calamity.
in desolate places—rather, to suit the parallel words "at noonday," in fertile (literally, "fat"; 창27:28) fields [Gesenius] (where all is promising) we are like the dead (who have no hope left them); or, where others are prosperous, we wander about as dead men; true of all unbelievers (사26:10; Lu 15:17).
【사59:11 JFB】11. roar—moan plaintively, like a hungry bear which growls for food.
doves—(사38:14; 겔7:16).
salvation—retribution in kind: because not salvation, but "destruction" was "in their paths" (사59:7).
【사59:12 JFB】12. (단9:5, &c.).
thee … us—antithesis.
with us—that is, we are conscious of them (욥12:3, Margin;욥15:9).
know—acknowledge they are our iniquities.
【사59:13 JFB】13. The particulars of the sins generally confessed in 사59:12 (사48:8; 렘2:19, 20). The act, the word, and the thought of apostasy, are all here marked: transgression and departing, &c.; lying (compare 사59:4), and speaking, &c.; conceiving and uttering from the heart.
【사59:14 JFB】14. Justice and righteousness are put away from our legal courts.
in the street—in the forum, the place of judicature, usually at the gate of the city (Z전8:16).
cannot enter—is shut out from the forum, or courts of justice.
【사59:15 JFB】15. faileth—is not to be found.
he that departeth … prey—He that will not fall in with the prevailing iniquity exposes himself as a prey to the wicked (시10:8, 9).
Lord saw it—The iniquity of Israel, so desperate as to require nothing short of Jehovah's interposition to mend it, typifies the same necessity for a Divine Mediator existing in the deep corruption of man; Israel, the model nation, was chosen to illustrate his awful fact.
【사59:16 JFB】16. no man—namely, to atone by his righteousness for the unrighteousness of the people. "Man" is emphatic, as in 왕상2:2; no representative man able to retrieve the cause of fallen men (사41:28; 63:5, 6; 렘5:1; 겔22:30).
no intercessor—no one to interpose, "to help … uphold" (사63:5).
his arm—(사40:10; 51:5). Not man's arm, but His alone (시98:1; 44:3).
his righteousness—the "arm" of Messiah. He won the victory for us, not by mere might as God, but by His invincible righteousness, as man having "the Spirit without measure" (사11:5; 42:6, 21; 51:8; 53:11; 요일2:1).
【사59:17 JFB】17. Messiah is represented as a warrior armed at all points, going forth to vindicate His people. Owing to the unity of Christ and His people, their armor is like His, except that they have no "garments of vengeance" (which is God's prerogative, 롬12:19), or "cloak of zeal" (in the sense of judicial fury punishing the wicked; this zeal belongs properly to God, 왕하10:16; 롬10:2; 빌3:6; "zeal," in the sense of anxiety for the Lord's honor, they have, 민25:11, 13; 시69:9; 고후7:11; 9:2); and for "salvation," which is of God alone (시3:8), they have as their helmet, "the hope of salvation" (살전5:8). The "helmet of salvation" is attributed to them (엡6:14, 17) in a secondary sense; namely, derived from Him, and as yet only in hope, not fruition (롬8:24). The second coming here, as often, is included in this representation of Messiah. His "zeal" (요2:15-17) at His first coming was but a type of His zeal and vengeance against the foes of God at His second coming (살후1:8-10; 계19:11-21).
【사59:18 JFB】18. deeds—Hebrew, "recompenses"; "according as their deeds demand" [Maurer]. This verse predicts the judgments at the Lord's second coming, which shall precede the final redemption of His people (사66:18, 15, 16).
islands—(See on 사41:1). Distant countries.
【사59:19 JFB】19. (사45:6; 말1:11). The result of God's judgments (사26:9; 66:18-20).
like a flood—(렘46:7, 8; 계12:15).
lift up a standard—rather, from a different Hebrew root, "shall put him to flight," "drive him away" [Maurer]. Lowth, giving a different sense to the Hebrew for "enemy" from that in 사59:18, and a forced meaning to the Hebrew for "Spirit of the Lord," translates, "When He shall come as a river straitened in its course, which a mighty wind drives along."
【사59:20 JFB】20. to Zion—롬11:26 quotes it, "out of Zion." Thus Paul, by inspiration, supplements the sense from 시14:7: He was, and is come to Zion, first with redemption, being sprung as man out of Zion. The Septuagint translates "for the sake of Zion." Paul applies this verse to the coming restoration of Israel spiritually.
them that turn from—(롬11:26). "shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob"; so the Septuagint, Paul herein gives the full sense under inspiration. They turn from transgression, because He first turns them from it, and it from them (시130:4; 애5:21).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.