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■ 이사야 49장
1. 섬들아 나를 들으라 원방 백성들아 귀를 기울이라 여호와께서 내가 태에서 나옴으로부터 나를 부르셨고 내가 어미 복중에서 나옴으로부터 내 이름을 말씀하셨으며
Listen , O isles , unto me; and hearken , ye people , from far ; The Lord hath called me from the womb ; from the bowels of my mother hath he made mention of my name .
2. 내 입을 날카로운 칼 같이 만드시고 나를 그 손 그늘에 숨기시며 나로 마광한 살을 만드사 그 전통에 감추시고
And he hath made my mouth like a sharp sword ; in the shadow of his hand hath he hid me, and made me a polished shaft ; in his quiver hath he hid me;
3. 내게 이르시되 너는 나의 종이요 내 영광을 나타낼 이스라엘이라 하셨느니라
And said unto me, Thou art my servant , O Israel , in whom I will be glorified .
4. 그러나 나는 말하기를 내가 헛되이 수고하였으며 무익히 공연히 내 힘을 다하였다 하였도다 정녕히 나의 신원이 여호와께 있고 나의 보응이 나의 하나님께 있느니라
Then I said , I have laboured in vain , I have spent my strength for nought , and in vain : yet surely my judgment is with the Lord , and my work with my God .
5. 나는 여호와의 보시기에 존귀한 자라 나의 하나님이 나의 힘이 되셨도다 다시 야곱을 자기에게로 돌아오게 하시며 이스라엘을 자기에게로 모이게 하시려고 나를 태에서 나옴으로부터 자기 종을 삼으신 여호와께서 말씀하시니라
And now, saith the Lord that formed me from the womb to be his servant , to bring Jacob again to him, Though Israel be not gathered , yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord , and my God shall be my strength .
6. 그가 가라사대 네가 나의 종이 되어 야곱의 지파들을 일으키며 이스라엘 중에 보전된 자를 돌아오게 할 것은 오히려 경한 일이라 내가 또 너로 이방의 빛을 삼아 나의 구원을 베풀어서 땅 끝까지 이르게 하리라
And he said , It is a light thing that thou shouldest be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob , and to restore the preserved of Israel : I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles , that thou mayest be my salvation unto the end of the earth .
7. 이스라엘의 구속자, 이스라엘의 거룩한 자이신 여호와께서 사람에게 멸시를 당하는 자, 백성에게 미움을 받는 자, 관원들에게 종이 된 자에게 이같이 이르시되 너를 보고 열왕이 일어서며 방백들이 경배하리니 이는 너를 택한 바 신실한 나 여호와 이스라엘의 거룩한 자를 인함이니라
Thus saith the Lord , the Redeemer of Israel , and his Holy One , to him whom man despiseth , to him whom the nation abhorreth , to a servant of rulers , Kings shall see and arise , princes also shall worship , because of the Lord that is faithful , and the Holy One of Israel , and he shall choose thee.
8. 여호와께서 또 가라사대 은혜의 때에 내가 네게 응답하였고 구원의 날에 내가 너를 도왔도다 내가 장차 너를 보호하여 너로 백성의 언약을 삼으며 나라를 일으켜 그들로 그 황무하였던 땅을 기업으로 상속케 하리라
Thus saith the Lord , In an acceptable time have I heard thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee: and I will preserve thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people , to establish the earth , to cause to inherit the desolate heritages ;
9. 내가 잡혀 있는 자에게 이르기를 나오라 하며 흑암에 있는 자에게 나타나라 하리라 그들이 길에서 먹겠고 모든 자산에도 그들의 풀밭이 있을 것인즉
That thou mayest say to the prisoners , Go forth ; to them that are in darkness , Shew yourselves. They shall feed in the ways , and their pastures shall be in all high places .
10. 그들이 주리거나 목마르지 아니할 것이며 더위와 볕이 그들을 상하지 아니하리니 이는 그들을 긍휼히 여기는 자가 그들을 이끌되 샘물 근원으로 인도할 것임이니라
They shall not hunger nor thirst ; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them.
11. 내가 나의 모든 산을 길로 삼고 나의 대로를 돋우리니
And I will make all my mountains a way , and my highways shall be exalted .
12. 혹자는 원방에서, 혹자는 북방과 서방에서, 혹자는 시님 땅에서 오리라
Behold, these shall come from far : and, lo, these from the north and from the west ; and these from the land of Sinim .
13. 하늘이여 노래하라 땅이여 기뻐하라 산들이여 즐거이 노래하라 여호와가 그 백성을 위로하였은즉 그 고난 당한 자를 긍휼히 여길 것임이니라
Sing , O heavens ; and be joyful , O earth ; and break forth into singing , O mountains : for the Lord hath comforted his people , and will have mercy upon his afflicted .
14. 오직 시온이 이르기를 여호와께서 나를 버리시며 주께서 나를 잊으셨다 하였거니와
But Zion said , The Lord hath forsaken me, and my Lord hath forgotten me.
15. 여인이 어찌 그 젖먹는 자식을 잊겠으며 자기 태에서 난 아들을 긍휼히 여기지 않겠느냐 그들은 혹시 잊을지라도 나는 너를 잊지 아니할 것이라
Can a woman forget her sucking child , that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb ? yea, they may forget , yet will I not forget thee.
16. 내가 너를 내 손바닥에 새겼고 너의 성벽이 항상 내 앞에 있나니
Behold, I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands ; thy walls are continually before me.
17. 네 자녀들은 속히 돌아오고 너를 헐며 너를 황폐케 하던 자들은 너를 떠나가리라
Thy children shall make haste ; thy destroyers and they that made thee waste shall go forth of thee.
18. 네 눈을 들어 사방을 보라 그들이 다 모여 네게로 오느니라 나 여호와가 이르노라 내가 나의 삶으로 맹세하노니 네가 반드시 그 모든 무리로 장식을 삼아 몸에 차며 띠기를 신부처럼 할 것이라
Lift up thine eyes round about , and behold : all these gather themselves together , and come to thee. As I live , saith the Lord , thou shalt surely clothe thee with them all, as with an ornament , and bind them on thee, as a bride doeth.
19. 대저 네 황폐하고 적막한 곳들과 네 파멸을 당하였던 땅이 이제는 거민이 많으므로 좁게 될 것이며 너를 삼켰던 자들이 멀리 떠날 것이니라
For thy waste and thy desolate places , and the land of thy destruction , shall even now be too narrow by reason of the inhabitants , and they that swallowed thee up shall be far away .
20. 고난 중에 낳은 자녀가 후일에 네 귀에 말하기를 이곳이 우리에게 좁으니 넓혀서 우리로 거처하게 하라 하리니
The children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other, shall say again in thine ears , The place is too strait for me: give place to me that I may dwell .
21. 그 때에 네 심중에 이르기를 누가 나를 위하여 이 무리를 낳았는고 나는 자녀를 잃고 외로워졌으며 사로잡혔으며 유리하였거늘 이 무리를 누가 양육하였는고 나는 홀로 되었거늘 이 무리는 어디서 생겼는고 하리라
Then shalt thou say in thine heart , Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children , and am desolate , a captive , and removing to and fro ? and who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone; these, where had they been?
22. 나 주 여호와가 이르노라 내가 열방을 향하여 나의 손을 들고 민족들을 향하여 나의 기호를 세울 것이라 그들이 네 아들들을 품에 안고 네 딸들을 어깨에 메고 올 것이며
Thus saith the Lord God , Behold, I will lift up mine hand to the Gentiles , and set up my standard to the people : and they shall bring thy sons in their arms , and thy daughters shall be carried upon their shoulders .
23. 열왕은 네 양부가 되며 왕비들은 네 유모가 될 것이며 그들이 얼굴을 땅에 대고 네게 절하고 네 발의 티끌을 핥을 것이니 네가 나를 여호와인 줄 알리라 나를 바라는 자는 수치를 당하지 아니하리라
And kings shall be thy nursing fathers , and their queens thy nursing mothers : they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth , and lick up the dust of thy feet ; and thou shalt know that I am the Lord : for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.
24. 용사의 빼앗은 것을 어떻게 도로 빼앗으며 승리자에게 사로잡힌 자를 어떻게 건져낼 수 있으랴마는
Shall the prey be taken from the mighty , or the lawful captive delivered ?
25. 나 여호와가 이같이 말하노라 용사의 포로도 빼앗을 것이요 강포자의 빼앗은 것도 건져낼 것이니 이는 내가 너를 대적하는 자를 대적하고 네 자녀를 구원할 것임이라
But thus saith the Lord , Even the captives of the mighty shall be taken away , and the prey of the terrible shall be delivered : for I will contend with him that contendeth with thee, and I will save thy children .
26. 내가 너를 학대하는 자로 자기의 고기를 먹게 하며 새 술에 취함 같이 자기의 피에 취하게 하리니 모든 육체가 나 여호와는 네 구원자요 네 구속자요 야곱의 전능자인줄 알리라
And I will feed them that oppress thee with their own flesh ; and they shall be drunken with their own blood , as with sweet wine : and all flesh shall know that I the Lord am thy Saviour and thy Redeemer , the mighty One of Jacob .
■ 주석 보기
【사49:1 JFB】사49:1-26. Similar to Chapter 42:1-7 (사49:1-9).
Messiah, as the ideal Israel (사49:3), states the object of His mission, His want of success for a time, yet His certainty of ultimate success.
1. O isles—Messiah is here regarded as having been rejected by the Jews (사49:4, 5), and as now turning to the Gentiles, to whom the Father hath given Him "for a light and salvation." "Isles" mean all regions beyond sea.
from the womb—(사44:2; Lu 1:31; 요10:36).
from … bowels … mention of my name—His name "Jesus" (that is, God-Saviour) was designated by God before His birth (마1:21).
【사49:1 CWC】[THE MESSIAH REVEALED]
The thirty-two chapters deal particularly with the Person and work of the Messiah. Isaiah has sometimes been called "the evangelical prophet" because of the large space he gives to that subject -- a circumstance the more notable because of the silence concerning it since Moses. The explanation of this silence is hinted at in the lesson on the introduction to the prophets.
In chapter 49, the Messiah speaks of Himself and the failure of His mission in His rejection by His nation (vv. 1-4). This rejection works blessing to the Gentiles (vv. 5, 6) compare Romans 11). Ultimately Israel shall be brought to Him and indeed the whole earth (see the remainder of the chapter). Zion, i. e., Israel, may doubt this (v. 14), but is made assured of it in what follows.
Chapter 50 is connected with the preceding verses 1-3 referring to Zion's restoration. But at verse 4 the Messiah bears witness to Himself again. His obedience, suffering and triumph down to the end of the chapter.
These verses furnish rich material for a Bible reading or expository discourse on "The Training of Jesus." (1). His Teacher: "The Lord God hath given me the tongue of the learned"; (2), the object of His teaching: "That I should know how to speak a word in season," &c.; (3), the method of its impartations: "He wakeneth morning by morning"; (4), the spirit of the pupil: "I was not rebellious," &c.; (5), the encouragement He receives: "The Lord God will help me"; (6), the counsel He offers to others: "Who is among you that feareth the Lord"? (7), the warning to the disobedient: "Behold all ye that kindle a fire."
In like manner 51 is linked to chapter 50, by the words of comfort to Zion which shall be brought to her through the Messiah's work on her behalf. Verses 9-11 are a prayer of faith of the faithful remnant which is answered in the remainder of that chapter and the following, down to and including verse 12.
Chapters 52:13-53:12 are a unit in their Messianic character. Christ's personal suffering and glorious triumph are depicted in the closing verses of chapter 52. His rejection by Israel in 53:1-6; His submission, deliverance and reward (vv. 7-12).
Chapter 54 exhibits the result of this in Israel's conversion, restoration and earthly glory in the millennium. Observe the divine oath that this shall be brought to pass (v. 9).
Chapter 55 is the offer of this salvation to Israel, and requires no comment.
Chapter 56 shows that when this offer is at last accepted and the salvation experienced by Israel, it will mean similar blessing to the whole earth (vv. 1-8).
The rest of this chapter, and nearly the whole of the following one, describe the sad condition of Israel at present, but especially at the end period under the Antichrist (57:9). The section concludes with the customary promises to the faithful (57:15-19).
【사49:1 MHCC】 The unbelief and rejection of the Jews. (사49:1-6) Gracious promise to the Gentiles. (사49:7-12) God's love to the church. (사49:13-17) Its increase. (사49:18-23) And deliverance. (사49:24-26)
사49:1-6 The great Author of redemption shows the authority for his work. The sword of his word slays the lusts of his people, and all at enmity with them. His sharp arrows wound the conscience; but all these wounds will be healed, when the sinner prays to him for mercy. But even the Redeemer, who spake as never man spake in his personal ministry, often seemed to labour in vain. And if Jacob will not be brought back to God, and Israel will not be gathered, still Christ will be glorious. This promise is in part fulfilled in the calling of the Gentiles. Men perish in darkness. But Christ enlightens men, and so makes them holy and happy.
사49:7-12 The Father is the Lord, the Redeemer, and Holy One of Israel, as sending the Son to be the Redeemer. Man, whom he came to save, put contempt upon him. To this he submitted for our salvation. He is a pledge for all the blessings of the covenant; in him God was reconciling the world to himself. Pardoning mercy is a release from the curse of the law; renewing grace is a release from the dominion of sin: both are from Christ. He saith to those in darkness, Show yourselves. Not only see, but be seen, to the glory of God, and your own comforts. Though there are difficulties in the way to heaven, yet the grace of God will carry us over them, and make even the mountains a way. This denotes the free invitations and the encouraging promises of the gospel, and the outpouring of the Spirit.
사49:13-17 Let there be universal joy, for God will have mercy upon the afflicted, because of his compassion; upon his afflicted, because of his covenant. We have no more reason to question his promise and grace, than we have to question his providence and justice. Be assured that God has a tender affection for his church and people; he would not have them to be discouraged. Some mothers do neglect their children; but God's compassions to his people, infinitely exceed those of the tenderest parents toward their children. His setting them as a mark on his hand, or a seal upon his arm, denotes his being ever mindful of them. As far as we have scriptural evidence that we belong to his ransomed flock, we may be sure that he will never forsake us. Let us then give diligence to make our calling and election sure, and rejoice in the hope and glory of God.
사49:18-23 Zion is addressed as an afflicted widow, bereaved of her children. Numbers flock to her, and she is assured that they come to be a comfort to her. There are times when the church is desolate and few in number; yet its desolations shall not last for ever, and God will repair them. God can raise up friends for returning Israelites, even among Gentiles. They shall bring their children, and make them thy children. Let all deal tenderly and carefully with young converts and beginners in religion. Princes shall protect the church. It shall appear that God is the sovereign Lord of all. And those who in the exercise of faith, hope, and patience, wait on God for the fulfilment of his promises, shall never be confounded.
사49:24-26 We were lawful captives to the justice of God, yet delivered by a price of unspeakable value. Here is an express promise: Even the prey of the terrible shall be delivered. We may here view Satan deprived of his prey, bound and cast into the pit; and all the powers that have combined to enslave, persecute, or corrupt the church, are destroyed; that all the earth may know that our Saviour and Redeemer is Jehovah, the mighty One of Jacob. And every effort we make to rescue our fellow-sinners from the bondage of Satan, is, in some degree, helping forward that great change.
【사49:2 JFB】2. my mouth … sword—(사11:4; 계19:15). The double office of the Word of God, saving and damnatory, is implied (사50:4; 요12:48; 히4:12).
shaft—(시45:5). "Polished," that is, free from all rust, implies His unsullied purity.
in … quiver … hid me—Like a sword in its scabbard, or a shaft in the quiver, Messiah, before His appearing, was hid with God, ready to be drawn forth at the moment God saw fit [Hengstenberg]; also always protected by God, as the arrow by the quiver (사51:16).
【사49:3 JFB】3. Israel—applied to Messiah, according to the true import of the name, the Prince who had power with God in wrestling in behalf of man, and who prevails (창32:28; 호12:3, 4). He is also the ideal Israel, the representative man of the nation (compare 마2:15 with 호11:1).
in whom … glorified—(요14:13; 17:1-5).
【사49:4 JFB】4. I—Messiah.
in vain—comparatively in the case of the greater number of His own countrymen. "He came unto His own, and His own received Him not" (사53:1-3; Lu 19:14; 요1:11; 7:5). Only a hundred twenty disciples met after His personal ministry was ended (행1:15).
yet … my judgment … with the Lord—Ultimately, God will do justice to My cause, and reward (Margin for "work," compare 사40:10; 62:11) My labors and sufferings. He was never "discouraged" (사42:4; 50:7, 10). He calmly, in spite of seeming ill success for the time, left the result with God, confident of final triumph (사53:10-12; 벧전2:23). So the ministers of Christ (고전4:1-5; 벧전4:19).
【사49:5 JFB】5. The reason why He was confident that His work would be accepted and rewarded, namely, because He is "glorious in the eyes of Jehovah," &c.
to bring Jacob again to him—(마15:24; 행3:26).
Though Israel be not gathered—metaphor from a scattered flock which the shepherd gathers together again; or a hen and her chickens (마23:37). Instead of the text "not," the Keri has the similar Hebrew word, "to Him," which the parallelism favors: "And that Israel may be gathered to Him."
yet—rather, parenthetically. "For I am glorious, &c., and My God is My strength." Then (사49:6) resuming the words from the beginning of 사49:5, "He saith" (I repeat), &c. Horsley explains, "Notwithstanding the incredulity of the Jews, Messiah shall be glorified in the conversion of the Gentiles," reading as English Version: but if the Keri be read, "Israel shall at one time or other be gathered, notwithstanding their incredulity during Messiah's sojourn on earth."
【사49:6 JFB】6. It is a light thing—"It is too little that Thou shouldest," [Hengstenberg], that is, It is not enough honor to Thee to raise up Jacob and Israel, but I design for Thee more, namely, that Thou shouldest be the means of enlightening the Gentiles (사42:6, 7; 60:3).
the preserved—namely, those remaining after the judgments of God on the nation—the elect remnant of Israel reserved for mercy. Lowth, with a slight but needless change of the Hebrew, translates for "tribes" and "preserved," the "scions"—the "branches."
【사49:7 JFB】7. whom man despiseth—Hebrew, "the despised of soul," that is, by every soul, by all men (사52:14, 15; 53:3; 50:6-9; 시22:6). Lowth translates, "whose person is despised."
abhorreth—literally, "who is an abomination to the nation" (Lu 23:18-23). The Jews contemptuously call Him always Tolvi, "the crucified." I prefer, on account of Goi, the Hebrew term for nation being usually applied to the Gentiles, and that for people to the Jews (호1:9; so the Greek terms respectively also Laos and Ethne,롬9:25), to take "nation" here collectively for the Gentile world, which also spurned Him (시2:1-3; 행4:25-27).
servant of rulers—(마17:27). He who would not exert His power against the rulers (마26:52, 53).
shall see—namely the fulfilment of God's promises (사49:3, 6), "when He (shall be) a light to the Gentiles."
arise—to reverence Thee (시72:10, 11; 빌2:10).
princes also—rather, for the parallelism, supply the ellipsis, thus, "Princes shall see and shall worship."
faithful—namely, to His promises.
choose thee—as God's elect (사42:1).
【사49:8 JFB】8. Messiah is represented as having asked for the grace of God in behalf of sinners; this verse contains God the Father's favorable answer.
an acceptable time—"In a time of grace" [Hengstenberg]. A limited time (사61:2; 고후6:2). The time judged by God to be the best fitted for effecting the purposes of His grace by Messiah.
heard thee—(시2:8; 히5:7).
day of salvation—when "the fulness of time" (갈4:4) shall have come. The day of salvation is "to-day" (히4:7).
helped—given Thee the help needed to enable Thee, as man, to accomplish man's salvation.
preserve—from the assaults and efforts of Satan, to divert Thee from Thy voluntary death to save man.
covenant of the people—(See on 사42:6). "The people," in the singular, is always applied exclusively to Israel.
establish the earth—rather, "to restore the land," namely, Canaan to Israel. Spiritually, the restoration of the Church (the spiritual Israel) to the heavenly land forfeited by man's sin is also included.
cause to inherit … desolate heritages—image from the desolate state of Judea during the Babylonish captivity. Spiritually, the Gentile world, a moral waste, shall become a garden of the Lord. Literally, Judea lying desolate for ages shall be possessed again by Israel (compare 사61:7, "in their land"). Jesus, the antitype of, and bearing the same name as Joshua (히4:8), shall, like him, divide the land among its true heirs (사54:3; 61:4).
【사49:9 JFB】9. (사42:7; Z전9:12).
prisoners—the Jews bound in legal bondage.
them … in darkness—the Gentiles having no light as to the one true God [Vitringa].
Show yourselves—not only see but be seen (마5:16; 막5:19). Come forth from the darkness of your prison into the light of the Sun of righteousness.
in the ways, &c.—In a desert there are no "ways," nor "high places," with "pastures"; thus the sense is: "They shall have their pastures, not in deserts, but in cultivated and inhabited places." Laying aside the figure, the churches of Christ at the first shall be gathered, not in obscure and unknown regions, but in the most populous parts of the Roman empire, Antioch, Alexandria, Rome, &c. [Vitringa]. Another sense probably is the right one. Israel, on its way back to the Holy Land, shall not have to turn aside to devious paths in search of necessaries, but shall find them in all places wherever their route lies; so Rosenmuller. God will supply them as if He should make the grass grow in the trodden ways and on the barren high places.
【사49:10 JFB】10. Messiah will abundantly satisfy all the wants, both of literal Israel on their way to Palestine, and of the spiritual on their way to heaven, as their Shepherd (사65:13; 마5:6), also in heaven (계7:16, 17).
【사49:11 JFB】11. my—All things are God's.
mountains a way—I will remove all obstructions out of the way (사40:4).
exalted—that is, cast up (사57:14; 62:10); for instance, over valleys. Vitringa explains "mountains" as great kingdoms, Egypt, Syria, &c., subjected to Rome, to facilitate the spreading of the Gospel; "highways," the Christian doctrine wherein those who join the Church walk, and which, at the time of Constantine, was to be raised into prominence before all, and publicly protected (사35:8, 9).
【사49:12 JFB】12. Sinim—The Arabians and other Asiatics called China Sin, or Tchin; the Chinese had no special name for themselves, but either adopted that of the reigning dynasty or some high-sounding titles. This view of "Sinim" suits the context which requires a people to be meant "from far," and distinct from those "from the north and from the west" [Gesenius].
【사49:13 JFB】13. So 계12:12. God will have mercy on the afflicted, because of His compassion; on His afflicted, because of His covenant.
【사49:14 JFB】14. Zion—the literal Israel's complaint, as if God had forsaken her in the Babylonian captivity; also in their dispersion previous to their future restoration; thereby God's mercy shall be called forth (사63:15-19; 시77:9, 10; 102:17).
【사49:15 JFB】15. (사44:21; 시103:13; 마7:11).
【사49:16 JFB】16. Alluding to the Jews' custom (perhaps drawn from 출13:9) of puncturing on their hands a representation of their city and temple, in token of zeal for them [Lowth], (아8:6).
【사49:17 JFB】17. Thy children—Israel (사49:20, 21; 사43:6). Jerome reads, for "Thy children," "Thy builders"; they that destroyed thee shall hasten to build thee.
haste—to rebuild thy desolate capital.
shall go forth—Thy destroyers shall leave Judea to Israel in undisturbed possession.
【사49:18 JFB】18. As Zion is often compared to a bride (사54:5), so the accession of converts is like bridal ornaments ("jewels," 사62:3; 말3:17). Her literal children are, however, more immediately meant, as the context refers to their restoration; and only secondarily to her spiritual children by conversion to Christ. Israel shall be the means of the final complete conversion of the nations (미5:7; 롬11:12, 15).
as a bride—namely, binds on her ornaments.
【사49:19 JFB】19. land of thy destruction—thy land once the scene of destruction.
too narrow—(사54:1, 2; Z전10:10).
【사49:20 JFB】20. children … after … other—rather, "the children of thy widowhood," that is, the children of whom thou hast been bereft during their dispersion in other lands (see on 사47:8) [Maurer].
again—rather, "yet."
give place—rather, "stand close to me," namely, in order that we may be the more able to dwell in in the narrow place [Horsley]. Compare as to Israel's spiritual children, and the extension of the gospel sphere, 롬15:19, 24; 고후10:14-16. But 사49:22 (compare 사66:20) shows that her literal children are primarily meant. Gesenius translates, "Make room."
【사49:21 JFB】21. Who, &c.—Zion's joyful wonder at the unexpected restoration of the ten tribes. Secondarily, the accession of spiritual Israelites to the mother church of Jerusalem from the Gentiles is meant. This created surprise at first (행10:45; 14:27; 15:3, 4).
lost … am desolate, a captive, and removing to and fro—rather, "bereaved of … have been barren, an exile and outcast" [Horsley]. She had been "put away" by Jehovah, her husband (사50:1); hence her wonder at the children begotten to her.
【사49:22 JFB】22. lift … hand—that is, beckon to (see on 사13:2).
standard—(사11:12).
bring … sons in … arms—The Gentiles shall aid in restoring Israel to its own land (사60:4; 66:20). Children able to support themselves are carried on the shoulders in the East; but infants, in the arms, or astride on one haunch (사60:12). "Thy sons" must be distinct from "the Gentiles," who carry them; and therefore cannot primarily refer to converts among the Gentiles.
【사49:23 JFB】23. lick … dust—that is, kiss thy feet in token of humble submission.
for they … not … ashamed … wait for me—The restoration of Israel shall be in answer to their prayerful waiting on the Lord (사30:18, 19; 시102:16, 17; Z전12:10; 14:3).
【사49:24 JFB】24. the prey—Israel, long a prey to mighty Gentile nations, whose oppression of her shall reach its highest point under Antichrist (단11:36, 37, 41, 45).
lawful captive—the Jews justly consigned for their sins (사50:1) as captives to the foe. Secondarily, Satan and Death are "the mighty" conquerors of man, upon whom his sin give them their "lawful" claim. Christ answers that claim for the sinners, and so the captive is set free (욥19:25; 14:14; 마12:29; 호6:2, where 사49:4 shows the primary reference is to Israel's restoration, to which the resurrection corresponds; 사26:19; 엡4:8; 히2:14, 15). Others not so well translate, "the captives taken from among the just Israelites."
【사49:25 JFB】25. (사53:12; 시68:18; 골2:15).
contend with him, &c.—(사54:17).
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