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■ 이사야 48장
1. 야곱 집이여 이스라엘의 이름으로 일컬음을 받으며 유다의 근원에서 나왔으며 거룩한 성 백성이라 칭하며 그 이름이 만군의 여호와이신 이스라엘의 하나님을 의지하면서 성실치 아니하고 의로움이 없이 여호와의 이름으로 맹세하며 이스라엘의 하나님을 부르는 너희는 들을지어다
Hear ye this, O house of Jacob , which are called by the name of Israel , and are come forth out of the waters of Judah , which swear by the name of the Lord , and make mention of the God of Israel , but not in truth , nor in righteousness .
2. _
For they call themselves of the holy city , and stay themselves upon the God of Israel ; The Lord of hosts is his name .
3. 여호와께서 가라사대 내가 옛적에 장래사를 고하였고 내 입에서 내어 보였고 내가 홀연히 그 일을 행하여 이루었느니라
I have declared the former things from the beginning ; and they went forth out of my mouth , and I shewed them; I did them suddenly , and they came to pass .
4. 내가 알거니와 너는 완악하며 네 목의 힘줄은 무쇠요 네 이마는 놋이라
Because I knew that thou art obstinate , and thy neck is an iron sinew , and thy brow brass ;
5. 그러므로 내가 이 일을 옛적부터 네게 고하였고 성사하기 전에 그것을 네게 보였느니라 그렇지 않았더면 네 말이 내 신의 행한 바요 내 새긴 신상과 부어만든 신상의 명한 바라 하였으리라
I have even from the beginning declared it to thee; before it came to pass I shewed it thee: lest thou shouldest say , Mine idol hath done them, and my graven image , and my molten image , hath commanded them.
6. 네가 이미 들었으니 이것을 다 보라 너희가 선전치 아니하겠느뇨 이제부터 내가 새 일 곧 네가 알지 못하던 은비한 일을 네게 보이노니
Thou hast heard , see all this; and will not ye declare it? I have shewed thee new things from this time , even hidden things , and thou didst not know them.
7. 이 일들은 이제 창조된 것이요 옛적 것이 아니라 오늘 이전에는 네가 듣지 못하였느니라 그렇지 않았더면 네가 말하기를 내가 이미 알았노라 하였으리라
They are created now, and not from the beginning; even before the day when thou heardest them not; lest thou shouldest say , Behold, I knew them.
8. 네가 과연 듣지도 못하였고 알지도 못하였으며 네 귀가 옛적부터 열리지 못하였었나니 이는 네가 궤휼하고 궤휼하여 모태에서부터 패역한 자라 칭함을 입은 줄을 내가 알았음이라
Yea, thou heardest not; yea, thou knewest not; yea, from that time that thine ear was not opened : for I knew that thou wouldest deal very treacherously , and wast called a transgressor from the womb .
9. 내 이름을 위하여 내가 노하기를 더디 할 것이며 내 영예를 위하여 내가 참고 너를 멸절하지 아니하리라
For my name’s sake will I defer mine anger , and for my praise will I refrain for thee, that I cut thee not off .
10. 보라 내가 너를 연단하였으나 은처럼 하지 아니하고 너를 고난의 풀무에서 택하였노라
Behold, I have refined thee, but not with silver ; I have chosen thee in the furnace of affliction .
11. 내가 나를 위하며 내가 나를 위하여 이를 이룰 것이라 어찌 내 이름을 욕되게 하리요 내 영광을 다른 자에게 주지 아니하리라
For mine own sake, even for mine own sake, will I do it: for how should my name be polluted ? and I will not give my glory unto another .
12. 야곱아 나의 부른 이스라엘아 나를 들으라 나는 그니 나는 처음이요 또 마지막이라
Hearken unto me, O Jacob and Israel , my called ; I am he; I am the first , I also am the last .
13. 과연 내 손이 땅의 기초를 정하였고 내 오른손이 하늘에 폈나니 내가 부르면 천지가 일제히 서느니라
Mine hand also hath laid the foundation of the earth , and my right hand hath spanned the heavens : when I call unto them, they stand up together .
14. 너희는 다 모여 들으라 나 여호와의 사랑하는 자가 나의 뜻을 바벨론에 행하리니 그의 팔이 갈대아인에게 임할 것이라 그들 중에 누가 이 일을 예언하였느뇨
All ye, assemble yourselves, and hear ; which among them hath declared these things? The Lord hath loved him: he will do his pleasure on Babylon , and his arm shall be on the Chaldeans .
15. 나 곧 내가 말하였고 또 내가 그를 부르며 그를 인도하였나니 그 길이 형통하리라
I, even I, have spoken ; yea, I have called him: I have brought him, and he shall make his way prosperous .
16. 너희는 내게 가까이 나아와 이 말을 들으라 내가 처음부터 그것을 비밀히 말하지 아니하였나니 그 말이 있을 때부터 내가 거기 있었노라 하셨느니라 이제는 주 여호와께서 나와 그 신을 보내셨느니라
Come ye near unto me, hear ye this; I have not spoken in secret from the beginning ; from the time that it was, there am I: and now the Lord God , and his Spirit , hath sent me.
17. 너희의 구속자시요 이스라엘의 거룩하신 자이신 여호와께서 가라사대 나는 네게 유익하도록 가르치고 너를 마땅히 행할 길로 인도하는 너희 하나님 여호와라
Thus saith the Lord , thy Redeemer , the Holy One of Israel ; I am the Lord thy God which teacheth thee to profit , which leadeth thee by the way that thou shouldest go .
18. 슬프다 네가 나의 명령을 듣지 아니하였도다 만일 들었더면 네 평강이 강과 같았겠고 네 의가 바다 물결 같았을 것이며
O that thou hadst hearkened to my commandments ! then had thy peace been as a river , and thy righteousness as the waves of the sea :
19. 네 자손이 모래 같았겠고 네 몸의 소생이 모래 알갱이 같아서 그 이름이 내 앞에서 끊어지지 아니하였겠고 없어지지 아니하였으리라 하셨느니라
Thy seed also had been as the sand , and the offspring of thy bowels like the gravel thereof; his name should not have been cut off nor destroyed from before me.
20. 너희는 바벨론에서 나와서 갈대아인을 피하고 즐거운 소리로 이를 선파하여 들리며 땅 끝까지 반포하여 이르기를 여호와께서 그 종 야곱을 구속하셨다 하라
Go ye forth of Babylon , flee ye from the Chaldeans , with a voice of singing declare ye, tell this, utter it even to the end of the earth ; say ye, The Lord hath redeemed his servant Jacob .
21. 여호와께서 그들을 사막으로 통과하게 하시던 때에 그들로 목마르지 않게 하시되 그들을 위하여 바위에서 물이 흘러나게 하시며 바위를 쪼개사 물로 솟아나게 하셨느니라
And they thirsted not when he led them through the deserts : he caused the waters to flow out of the rock for them: he clave the rock also, and the waters gushed out .
22. 여호와께서 말씀하시되 악인에게는 평강이 없다 하셨느니라
There is no peace , saith the Lord , unto the wicked .
■ 주석 보기
【사48:1 JFB】사48:1-22. The Things That Befall Babylon Jehovah Predicted Long before, lest Israel Should Attribute Them, in Its "Obstinate" Perversity, to Strange Gods (사48:1-5).
1. the waters of Judah—spring from the fountain of Judah (민24:7; 신33:28; 시68:26; Margin). Judah has the "fountain" attributed to it, because it survived the ten tribes, and from it Messiah was to spring.
swear by … Lord—(사19:18; 45:23; 65:16).
mention—in prayers and praises.
not in truth—(렘5:2; 요4:24).
【사48:1 CWC】[DELIVERANCE THROUGH CYRUS]
In this lesson Israel is seen prophetically in Babylon, but about to be delivered and restored. Primarily, the reference is to her restoration after the seventy years captivity, in which Cyrus, King Persia, is the instrument.
In chapter 40, the people are comforted (vv. 1-11), in the thought that God is so great they can not be forgotten (vv. 12-31). The first and second coming of Christ are blended in the first part of the chapter, and John the Baptist is the voice crying in the wilderness (눅3:1-6; 요1:23).
In chapter 41, Cyrus and his plans are predicted (vv. 1-7, but Israel is seen as God's chosen servant, and comforted in the midst of the coming turmoil (vv. 8-20). Jehovah challenges all false gods to foretell things to come, as He does (vv. 21-29).
Chapter 42 returns to the thought of the Servant of Jehovah, only now that Servant is the Lord Jesus Christ, rather than national Israel (vv. 1-4, compare with 마12:14-21). Observe His work among the Gentile nations which is still future (vv. 5-16) and the appeal to deaf and blind Israel which must be awakened before that work shall begin.
Chapters 43-45 are connected, in which God is comforting Israel. See what he is and promises to be (43:1-7); How He will chastise their enemies (vv. 8-17); the good things to come (vv. 18-20); especially the forgiveness of their sin (vv. 22-28); accompanied by an outpouring of the Holy Spirit, producing a great revival (44:1-5). Idolatry is again rebuked (vv. 6-20), the faithful are called upon to rejoice (vv. 21-23), and Cyrus is definitely named as their deliverer, between two and three hundred years before his birth (vv. 24-28). Josephus, the historian of the Jews, says, that when the attention of Cyrus was called to this fact, probably by Daniel, he was stirred to fulfill the prophecy. In chapter 45 Cyrus is first addressed (vv. 1-13), then Israel (vv. 14-17), and then the ends of the earth (vv. 18-25).
Chapters 46-47 belong together, describing the fall of Babylon under Cyrus, and yet carrying us forward to her final destruction at the end of the age (see chapter 14). Her idols are carried by beasts (46:1, 2), while Jehovah carries His people (vv. 3-7). Chapter 47 shows its application on its face.
Chapter 48 is a review of Jehovah's messages to Israel in the preceding chapters.
【사48:1 MHCC】 The Jews reproved for their idolatry. (사48:1-8) Yet deliverance is promised them. (사48:9-15) Solemn warnings of judgment upon those who persisted in evil. (사48:16-22)
사48:1-8 The Jews valued themselves on descent from Jacob, and used the name of Jehovah as their God. They prided themselves respecting Jerusalem and the temple, yet there was no holiness in their lives. If we are not sincere in religion, we do but take the name of the Lord in vain. By prophecy they were shown how God would deal with them, long before it came to pass. God has said and done enough to prevent men's boasting of themselves, which makes the sin and ruin of the proud worse; sooner or later every mouth shall be stopped, and all become silent before Him. We are all born children of disobedience. Where original sin is, actual sin will follow. Does not the conscience of every man witness to the truth of Scripture? May the Lord prove us, and render us doers of the word.
사48:9-15 We have nothing ourselves to plead with God, why he should have mercy upon us. It is for his praise, to the honour of his mercy, to spare. His bringing men into trouble was to do them good. It was to refine them, but not as silver; not so thoroughly as men refine silver. If God should take that course, they are all dross, and, as such, might justly be put away. He takes them as refined in part only. Many have been brought home to God as chosen vessels, and a good work of grace begun in them, in the furnace of affliction. It is comfort to God's people, that God will secure his own honour, therefore work deliverance for them. And if God delivers his people, he cannot be at a loss for instruments to be employed. God has formed a plan, in which, for his own sake, and the glory of his grace, he saves all that come to Him.
사48:16-22 The Holy Spirit qualifies for service; and those may speak boldly, whom God and his Spirit send. This is to be applied to Christ. He was sent, and he had the Spirit without measure. Whom God redeems, he teaches; he teaches to profit by affliction, and then makes them partakers of his holiness. Also, by his grace he leads them in the way of duty; and by his providence he leads in the way of deliverance. God did not afflict them willingly. If their sins had not turned them away, their peace should have been always flowing and abundant. Spiritual enjoyments are ever joined with holiness of life and regard to God's will. It will make the misery of the disobedient the more painful, to think how happy they might have been. And here is assurance given of salvation out of captivity. Those whom God designs to bring home to himself, he will take care of, that they want not for their journey. This is applicable to the grace laid up for us in Jesus Christ, from whom all good flows to us, as the water to Israel out of the rock, for that Rock was Christ. The spiritual blessings of redemption, and the rescue of the church from antichristian tyranny, are here pointed to. But whatever changes take place, the Lord warned impenitent sinners that no good would come to them; that inward anguish and outward trouble, which spring from guilt and from the Divine wrath, must be their portion for ever.
【사48:2 JFB】2. For—Ye deserve these reproofs; "for" ye call yourselves citizens of "the holy city" (사52:1), but not in truth (사48:1; 느11:1; 단9:24); so the inscription on their coins of the time of the Maccabees. "Jerusalem the Holy."
【사48:3 JFB】3. former—things which have happened in time past to Israel (사42:9; 44:7, 8; 45:21; 46:10).
suddenly—They came to pass so unexpectedly that the prophecy could not have resulted from mere human sagacity.
【사48:4 JFB】4. obstinate—Hebrew, "hard" (신9:27; 겔3:7, Margin).
iron sinew—inflexible (행7:51).
brow brass—shameless as a harlot (see 렘6:28; 3:3; 겔3:7, Margin).
【사48:5 JFB】5. (See on 사48:1; 사48:3).
【사48:6 JFB】6. Thou, &c.—So "ye are my witnesses" (사43:10). Thou canst testify the prediction was uttered long before the fulfilment: "see all this," namely, that the event answers to the prophecy.
declare—make the fact known as a proof that Jehovah alone is God (사44:8).
new things—namely, the deliverance from Babylon by Cyrus, new in contradistinction from former predictions that had been fulfilled (사42:9; 43:19). Antitypically, the prophecy has in view the "new things" of the gospel treasury (아7:13; 마13:52; 고후5:17; 계21:5). From this point forward, the prophecies as to Messiah's first and second advents and the restoration of Israel, have a new circumstantial distinctness, such as did not characterize the previous ones, even of Isaiah. Babylon, in this view, answers to the mystical Babylon of Revelation.
hidden—which could not have been guessed by political sagacity (단2:22, 29; 고전2:9, 10).
【사48:7 JFB】7. Not like natural results from existing causes, the events when they took place were like acts of creative power, such as had never before been "from the beginning."
even before the day when—rather [Maurer], "And before the day (of their occurrence) thou hast not heard of them"; that is, by any human acuteness; they are only heard of by the present inspired announcement.
【사48:8 JFB】8. heardest not—repeated, as also "knewest not," from 사48:7.
from that time—Omit "that." "Yea, from the first thine ear did not open itself," namely, to obey them [Rosenmuller]. "To open the ear" denotes obedient attention (사50:5); or, "was not opened" to receive them; that is, they were not declared by Me to thee previously, since, if thou hadst been informed of them, such is thy perversity, thou couldst not have been kept in check [Maurer]. In the former view, the sense of the words following is, "For I knew that, if I had not foretold the destruction of Babylon so plainly that there could be no perverting of it, thou wouldst have perversely ascribed it to idols, or something else than to Me" (사48:5). Thus they would have relapsed into idolatry, to cure them of which the Babylonian captivity was sent: so they had done (출32:4). After the return, and ever since, they have utterly forsaken idols.
wast called—as thine appropriate appellation (사9:6).
from the womb—from the beginning of Israel's national existence (사44:2).
【사48:9 JFB】9. refrain—literally, "muzzle"; His wrath, after the return, was to be restrained a while, and then, because of their sins, let loose again (시78:38).
for thee—that is, mine anger towards thee.
【사48:10 JFB】10. (See on 사1:25).
with silver—rather, "for silver." I sought by affliction to purify thee, but thou wast not as silver obtained by melting, but as dross [Gesenius]. Thy repentance is not complete: thou art not yet as refined silver. Rosenmuller explains, "not as silver," not with the intense heat needed to melt silver (it being harder to melt than gold), that is, not with the most extreme severity. The former view is better (사1:25; 42:25; 겔22:18-20, 22).
chosen—or else [Lowth], tried … proved: according to Gesenius, literally, "to rub with the touchstone," or to cut in pieces so as to examine (Z전13:9; 말3:3; 벧전1:7).
【사48:11 JFB】11. how should my name—Maurer, instead of "My name" from 사48:9, supplies "My glory" from the next clause; and translates, "How (shamefully) My glory has been profaned!" In English Version the sense is, "I will refrain (사48:9, that is, not utterly destroy thee), for why should I permit My name to be polluted, which it would be, if the Lord utterly destroyed His elect people" (겔20:9)?
not give my glory unto another—If God forsook His people for ever, the heathen would attribute their triumph over Israel to their idols; so God's glory would be given to another.
【사48:12 JFB】12-15. The Almighty, who has founded heaven and earth, can, and will, restore His people.
the first … last—(사41:4; 44:6).
【사48:13 JFB】13. spanned—measured out (사40:12).
when I call … stand up together—(사40:26; 렘33:25). But it is not their creation so much which is meant, as that, like ministers of God, the heavens and the earth are prepared at His command to execute His decrees (시119:91) [Rosenmuller].
【사48:14 JFB】14. among them—among the gods and astrologers of the Chaldees (사41:22; 43:9; 44:7).
Lord … loved him; he will, &c.—that is, "He whom the Lord hath loved will do," &c. [Lowth]; namely, Cyrus (사44:28; 45:1, 13; 46:11). However, Jehovah's language of love is too strong to apply to Cyrus, except as type of Messiah, to whom alone it fully applies (계5:2-5).
his pleasure—not Cyrus' own, but Jehovah's.
【사48:15 JFB】15. brought—led him on his way.
he—change from the first to the third person [Barnes]. Jehovah shall make his (Cyrus') way prosperous.
【사48:16 JFB】16. not … in secret—(사45:19). Jehovah foretold Cyrus' advent, not with the studied ambiguity of heathen oracles, but plainly.
from the time, &c.—From the moment that the purpose began to be accomplished in the raising up of Cyrus I was present.
sent me—The prophet here speaks, claiming attention to his announcement as to Cyrus, on the ground of his mission from God and His Spirit. But he speaks not in his own person so much as in that of Messiah, to whom alone in the fullest sense the words apply (사61:1; 요10:36). Plainly, 사49:1, which is the continuation of the forty-eighth chapter, from 사48:16, where the change of speaker from God (사48:1, 12-15) begins, is the language of Messiah. Lu 4:1, 14, 18, shows that the Spirit combined with the Father in sending the Son: therefore "His Spirit" is nominative to "sent," not accusative, following it.
【사48:17 JFB】17. teacheth … to profit—by affliction, such as the Babylonish captivity, and the present long-continued dispersion of Israel (히12:10).
【사48:18 JFB】18. peace—(시119:165). Compare the desire expressed by the same Messiah (마23:37; Lu 19:42).
river—(사33:21; 41:18), a river flowing from God's throne is the symbol of free, abundant, and ever flowing blessings from Him (겔47:1; Z전14:8; 계22:1).
righteousness—religious prosperity; the parent of "peace" or national prosperity; therefore "peace" corresponds to "righteousness" in the parallelism (사32:17).
【사48:19 JFB】19. sand—retaining the metaphor of "the sea" (사48:18).
like the gravel thereof—rather, as the Hebrew, "like that (the offspring) of its (the sea's) bowels"; referring to the countless living creatures, fishes, &c., of the sea, rather than the gravel [Maurer]. Jerome, Chaldee, and Syriac support English Version.
his name … cut off—transition from the second person, "thy," to the third "his." Israel's name was cut off "as a nation" during the Babylonish captivity; also it is so now, to which the prophecy especially looks (롬11:20).
【사48:20 JFB】20. Go … forth … end of the earth—Primarily, a prophecy of their joyful deliverance from Babylon, and a direction that they should leave it when God opened the way. But the publication of it "to the ends of the earth" shows it has a more world-wide scope antitypically; 계18:4 shows that the mystical Babylon is ultimately meant.
redeemed … Jacob—(사43:1; 44:22, 23).
【사48:21 JFB】21. Ezra, in describing the return, makes no mention of God cleaving the rock for them in the desert [Kimchi]. The circumstances, therefore, of the deliverance from Egypt (출17:6; 민20:11; 시78:15; 105:41) and of that from Babylon, are blended together; the language, while more immediately referring to the latter deliverance, yet, as being blended with circumstances of the former not strictly applicable to the latter, cannot wholly refer to either, but to the mystic deliverance of man under Messiah, and literally to the final restoration of Israel.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.