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■ 이사야 47장
1. 처녀 딸 바벨론이여 내려 티끌에 앉으라 딸 갈대아여 보좌가 없어졌으니 땅에 앉으라 네가 다시는 곱고 아리땁다 칭함을 받지 못할 것임이니라
Come down , and sit in the dust , O virgin daughter of Babylon , sit on the ground : there is no throne , O daughter of the Chaldeans : for thou shalt no more be called tender and delicate .
2. 맷돌을 취하여 가루를 갈라 면박을 벗으며 치마를 걷어 다리를 드러내고 강을 건너라
Take the millstones , and grind meal : uncover thy locks , make bare the leg , uncover the thigh , pass over the rivers .
3. 네 살이 드러나고 네 부끄러운 것이 보일 것이라 내가 보수하되 사람을 아끼지 아니하리라
Thy nakedness shall be uncovered , yea, thy shame shall be seen : I will take vengeance , and I will not meet thee as a man .
4. (우리의 구속자는 그 이름이 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 거룩한 자시니라)
As for our redeemer , the Lord of hosts is his name , the Holy One of Israel .
5. 딸 갈대아여 잠잠히 앉으라 흑암으로 들어가라 네가 다시는 열국의 주모라 칭함을 받지 못하리라
Sit thou silent , and get thee into darkness , O daughter of the Chaldeans : for thou shalt no more be called , The lady of kingdoms .
6. 전에 내가 내 백성을 노함으로 내 기업을 욕되게 하여 그들을 네 손에 붙였거늘 네가 그들을 긍휼히 여기지 아니하고 늙은이에게 네 멍에를 심히 무겁게 메우며
I was wroth with my people , I have polluted mine inheritance , and given them into thine hand : thou didst shew them no mercy ; upon the ancient hast thou very heavily laid thy yoke .
7. 말하기를 내가 영영히 주모가 되리라 하고 이 일을 네 마음에 두지도 아니하며 그 종말도 생각지 아니하였도다
And thou saidst , I shall be a lady for ever : so that thou didst not lay these things to thy heart , neither didst remember the latter end of it.
8. 그러므로 사치하고 평안히 지내며 마음에 이르기를 나뿐이라 나 외에 다른 이가 없도다 나는 과부로 지내지도 아니하며 자녀를 잃어버리는 일도 모르리라 하는 자여 너는 이제 들을지어다
Therefore hear now this, thou that art given to pleasures , that dwellest carelessly , that sayest in thine heart , I am, and none else beside me; I shall not sit as a widow , neither shall I know the loss of children :
9. 한 날에 홀연히 자녀를 잃으며 과부가 되는 이 두 일이 네게 임할 것이라 네가 무수한 사술과 많은 진언을 베풀지라도 이 일이 전히 네게 임하리라
But these two things shall come to thee in a moment in one day , the loss of children , and widowhood : they shall come upon thee in their perfection for the multitude of thy sorceries , and for the great abundance of thine enchantments .
10. 네가 네 악을 의지하고 스스로 이르기를 나를 보는 자가 없다 하나니 네 지혜와 네 지식이 너를 유혹하였음이니라 네 마음에 이르기를 나뿐이라 나 외에 다른 이가 없다 하였으므로
For thou hast trusted in thy wickedness : thou hast said , None seeth me. Thy wisdom and thy knowledge , it hath perverted thee; and thou hast said in thine heart , I am, and none else beside me.
11. 재앙이 네게 임하리라 그러나 네가 그 근본을 알지 못할 것이며 손해가 네게 이르리라 그러나 이를 물리칠 능이 없을 것이며 파멸이 홀연히 네게 임하리라 그러나 네가 헤아리지 못할 것이니라
Therefore shall evil come upon thee; thou shalt not know from whence it riseth : and mischief shall fall upon thee; thou shalt not be able to put it off : and desolation shall come upon thee suddenly , which thou shalt not know .
12. 이제 너는 젊어서부터 힘쓰던 진언과 많은 사술을 가지고 서서 시험하여 보라 혹시 유익을 얻을 수 있을는지, 혹시 원수를 이길 수 있을는지
Stand now with thine enchantments , and with the multitude of thy sorceries , wherein thou hast laboured from thy youth ; if so be thou shalt be able to profit , if so be thou mayest prevail .
13. 네가 많은 모략을 인하여 피곤케 되었도다 하늘을 살피는 자와 별을 보는 자와 월삭에 예고하는 자들로 일어나 네게 임할 그 일에서 너를 구원케 하여 보라
Thou art wearied in the multitude of thy counsels . Let now the astrologers , the stargazers , the monthly prognosticators , stand up , and save thee from these things that shall come upon thee.
14. 보라 그들은 초개 같아서 불에 타리니 그 불꽃의 세력에서 스스로 구원치 못할 것이라 이 불은 더웁게 할 숯불이 아니요 그 앞에 앉을 만한 불도 아니니라
Behold, they shall be as stubble ; the fire shall burn them; they shall not deliver themselves from the power of the flame : there shall not be a coal to warm at, nor fire to sit before it.
15. 너의 근로하던 것들이 네게 이같이 되리니 너 어려서부터 너와 함께 무역하던 자들이 각기 소향대로 유리하고 너를 구원할 자 없으리라
Thus shall they be unto thee with whom thou hast laboured , even thy merchants , from thy youth : they shall wander every one to his quarter ; none shall save thee.
■ 주석 보기
【사47:1 JFB】사47:1-15. The Destruction of Babylon Is Represented under the Image of a Royal Virgin Brought Down in a Moment from Her Magnificent Throne to the Extreme of Degradation.
1. in the dust—(See on 사3:26; 욥2:13; 애2:10).
virgin—that is, heretofore uncaptured [Herodotus, 1.191].
daughter of Babylon—Babylon and its inhabitants (see on 사1:8; 사37:22).
no throne—The seat of empire was transferred to Shushan. Alexander intended to have made Babylon his seat of empire, but Providence defeated his design. He soon died; and Seleucia, being built near, robbed it of its inhabitants, and even of its name, which was applied to Seleucia.
delicate—alluding to the effeminate debauchery and prostitution of all classes at banquets and religious rites [Curtius, 5.1; Herodotus, 1.199; Baruch, 6.43].
【사47:1 CWC】[DELIVERANCE THROUGH CYRUS]
In this lesson Israel is seen prophetically in Babylon, but about to be delivered and restored. Primarily, the reference is to her restoration after the seventy years captivity, in which Cyrus, King Persia, is the instrument.
In chapter 40, the people are comforted (vv. 1-11), in the thought that God is so great they can not be forgotten (vv. 12-31). The first and second coming of Christ are blended in the first part of the chapter, and John the Baptist is the voice crying in the wilderness (눅3:1-6; 요1:23).
In chapter 41, Cyrus and his plans are predicted (vv. 1-7, but Israel is seen as God's chosen servant, and comforted in the midst of the coming turmoil (vv. 8-20). Jehovah challenges all false gods to foretell things to come, as He does (vv. 21-29).
Chapter 42 returns to the thought of the Servant of Jehovah, only now that Servant is the Lord Jesus Christ, rather than national Israel (vv. 1-4, compare with 마12:14-21). Observe His work among the Gentile nations which is still future (vv. 5-16) and the appeal to deaf and blind Israel which must be awakened before that work shall begin.
Chapters 43-45 are connected, in which God is comforting Israel. See what he is and promises to be (43:1-7); How He will chastise their enemies (vv. 8-17); the good things to come (vv. 18-20); especially the forgiveness of their sin (vv. 22-28); accompanied by an outpouring of the Holy Spirit, producing a great revival (44:1-5). Idolatry is again rebuked (vv. 6-20), the faithful are called upon to rejoice (vv. 21-23), and Cyrus is definitely named as their deliverer, between two and three hundred years before his birth (vv. 24-28). Josephus, the historian of the Jews, says, that when the attention of Cyrus was called to this fact, probably by Daniel, he was stirred to fulfill the prophecy. In chapter 45 Cyrus is first addressed (vv. 1-13), then Israel (vv. 14-17), and then the ends of the earth (vv. 18-25).
Chapters 46-47 belong together, describing the fall of Babylon under Cyrus, and yet carrying us forward to her final destruction at the end of the age (see chapter 14). Her idols are carried by beasts (46:1, 2), while Jehovah carries His people (vv. 3-7). Chapter 47 shows its application on its face.
Chapter 48 is a review of Jehovah's messages to Israel in the preceding chapters.
【사47:1 MHCC】 God's judgments on Babylon. (사47:1-6) Carelessness and confidence shall not prevent the evil. (사47:7-15)
사47:1-6 Babylon is represented under the emblem of a female in deep distress. She was to be degraded and endure sufferings; and is represented sitting on the ground, grinding at the handmill, the lowest and most laborious service. God was righteous in his vengeance, and none should interpose. The prophet exults in the Lord of hosts, as the Redeemer and Holy One of Israel. God often permits wicked men to prevail against his people; but those who cruelly oppress them will be punished.
사47:7-15 Let us beware of acting and speaking as Babylon did; of trusting in tyranny and oppression; of boasting as to our abilities, relying on ourselves, and ascribing success to our own prudence and wisdom; lest we partake of her plagues. Those in the height of prosperity, are apt to fancy themselves out of the reach of adversity. It is also common for sinners to think they shall be safe, because they think to be secret in wicked ways. But their security shall be their ruin. Let us draw from such passages as the foregoing, those lessons of humility and trust in God which they convey. If we believe the word of God, we may know how it will be with the righteous and the wicked to all eternity. We may learn how to escape the wrath to come, to glorify God, to have peace through life, hope in death, and everlasting happiness. Let us then stand aloof from all delusions.
【사47:2 JFB】2. millstones—like the querns or hand-mills, found in this country, before the invention of water mills and windmills: a convex stone, made by the hand to turn in a concave stone, fitted to receive it, the corn being ground between them: the office of a female slave in the East; most degrading (욥31:10; 마24:41).
uncover thy locks—rather, "take off thy veil" [Horsley]: perhaps the removal of the plaited hair worn round the women's temples is included; it, too, is a covering (고전11:15); to remove it and the veil is the badge of the lowest female degradation; in the East the head is the seat of female modesty; the face of a woman is seldom, the whole head almost never, seen bare (see on 사22:8).
make bare the leg—rather "lift up (literally, 'uncover'; as in lifting up the train the leg is uncovered) thy flowing train." In Mesopotamia, women of low rank, as occasion requires, wade across the rivers with stript legs, or else entirely put off their garments and swim across. "Exchange thy rich, loose, queenly robe, for the most abject condition, that of one going to and fro through rivers as a slave, to draw water," &c.
uncover … thigh—gather up the robe, so as to wade across.
【사47:3 JFB】3. not meet … as a man—rather, "I will not meet a man," that is, suffer man to intercede with me—give man an audience [Horsley]. Or, "I will not make peace with any man," before all are destroyed. Literally, "strike a league with"; a phrase arising from the custom of striking hands together in making a compact [Maurer], (see on 잠17:18; 잠22:26; 11:15, Margin). Or else from striking the victims sacrificed in making treaties.
【사47:4 JFB】4. As for—rather supply, "Thus saith our Redeemer" [Maurer]. Lowth supposes this verse to be the exclamation of a chorus breaking in with praises, "Our Redeemer! Jehovah of hosts," &c. (렘50:34).
【사47:5 JFB】5. Sit—the posture of mourning (스9:4; 욥2:13; 애2:10).
darkness—mourning and misery (애3:2; 미7:8).
lady of kingdoms—mistress of the world (사13:19).
【사47:6 JFB】6. reason for God's vengeance on Babylon: in executing God's will against His people, she had done so with wanton cruelty (사10:5, &c.; 렘50:17; 51:33; Z전1:15).
polluted my inheritance—(사43:28).
the ancient—Even old age was disregarded by the Chaldeans, who treated all alike with cruelty (애4:16; 5:12) [Rosenmuller]. Or, "the ancient" means Israel, worn out with calamities in the latter period of its history (사46:4), as its earlier stage of history is called its "youth" (사54:6; 겔16:60).
【사47:7 JFB】7. so that—Through thy vain expectation of being a queen for ever, thou didst advance to such a pitch of insolence as not to believe "these things" (namely, as to thy overthrow, 사47:1-5) possible.
end of it—namely, of thy insolence, implied in her words, "I shall be a lady for ever."
【사47:8 JFB】8. given to pleasures—(See on 사47:1). In no city were there so many incentives to licentiousness.
I am … none … beside me—(사47:10). Language of arrogance in man's mouth; fitting for God alone (사45:6). See 사5:8, latter part.
widow … loss of children—A state, represented as a female, when it has fallen is called a widow, because its king is no more; and childless, because it has no inhabitants; they having been carried off as captives (사23:4; 54:1, 4, 5; 계18:7, 8).
【사47:9 JFB】9. in a moment—It should not decay slowly, but be suddenly and unexpectedly destroyed; in a single night it was taken by Cyrus. The prophecy was again literally fulfilled when Babylon revolted against Darius; and, in order to hold out to the last, each man chose one woman of his family, and strangled the rest, to save provisions. Darius impaled three thousand of the revolters.
in … perfection—that is, "in full measure."
for … for—rather, "notwithstanding the … notwithstanding"; "in spite of" [Lowth]. So "for" (민14:11). Babylon was famous for "expiations or sacrifices, and other incantations, whereby they tried to avert evil and obtain good" [Diodorus Siculus].
【사47:10 JFB】10. wickedness—as in 사13:11, the cruelty with which Babylon treated its subject states.
None seeth me—(시10:11; 94:7). "There is none to exact punishment from me." Sinners are not safe, though seeming secret.
Thy wisdom—astrological and political (사19:11, &c., as to Egypt).
perverted—turns thee aside from the right and safe path.
【사47:11 JFB】11. from whence it riseth—Hebrew, "the dawn thereof," that is, its first rising. Evil shall come on thee without the least previous intimation [Rosenmuller]. But dawn is not applied to "evil," but to prosperity shining out after misery (사21:12). Translate, "Thou shall not see any dawn" (of alleviation) [Maurer].
put … off—rather, as Margin, "remove by expiation"; it shall be never ending.
not know—unawares: which thou dost not apprehend. Proving the fallacy of thy divinations and astrology (욥9:5; 시35:8).
【사47:12 JFB】12. Stand—forth: a scornful challenge to Babylon's magicians to show whether they can defend their city.
laboured—The devil's service is a laborious yet fruitless one (사55:2).
【사47:13 JFB】13. wearied—(compare 사57:10; 겔24:12).
astrologers—literally, those who form combinations of the heavens; who watch conjunctions and oppositions of the stars. "Casters of the configurations of the sky" [Horsley]. Gesenius explains it: the dividers of the heavens. In casting a nativity they observed four signs:—the horoscope, or sign which arose at the time one was born; the mid-heaven; the sign opposite the horoscope towards the west; and the hypogee.
monthly prognosticators—those who at each new moon profess to tell thereby what is about to happen. Join, not as English Version, "save … from those things," &c.; but, "They that at new moons make known from (by means of) them the things that shall come upon thee" [Maurer].
【사47:14 JFB】14. (사29:6; 30:30).
not … a coal—Like stubble, they shall burn to a dead ash, without leaving a live coal or cinder (compare 사30:14), so utterly shall they be destroyed.
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.