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■ 이사야 34장
1. 열국이여 너희는 나아와 들을지어다 민족들이여 귀를 기울일지어다 땅과 땅에 충만한 것, 세계와 세계에서 나는 모든 것이여 들을지어다
Come near , ye nations , to hear ; and hearken , ye people : let the earth hear , and all that is therein ; the world , and all things that come forth of it.
2. 대저 여호와께서 만국을 향하여 진노하시며 그들의 만군을 향하여 분내사 그들을 진멸하시며 살륙케 하셨은즉
For the indignation of the Lord is upon all nations , and his fury upon all their armies : he hath utterly destroyed them, he hath delivered them to the slaughter .
3. 그 살륙 당한 자는 내어던진바 되며 그 사체의 악취가 솟아오르고 그 피에 산들이 녹을 것이며
Their slain also shall be cast out , and their stink shall come up out of their carcases , and the mountains shall be melted with their blood .
4. 하늘의 만상이 사라지고 하늘들이 두루마리 같이 말리되 그 만상의 쇠잔함이 포도나무 잎이 마름 같고 무화과나무 잎이 마름 같으리라
And all the host of heaven shall be dissolved , and the heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll : and all their host shall fall down , as the leaf falleth off from the vine , and as a falling fig from the fig tree .
5. 여호와의 칼이 하늘에서 족하게 마셨은즉 보라 이것이 에돔 위에 내리며 멸망으로 정한 백성 위에 내려서 그를 심판할 것이라
For my sword shall be bathed in heaven : behold, it shall come down upon Idumea , and upon the people of my curse , to judgment .
6. 여호와의 칼이 피 곧 어린 양과 염소의 피에 만족하고 기름 곧 수양의 콩팥 기름에 윤택하니 이는 여호와께서 보스라에서 희생을 내시며 에돔 땅에서 큰 살륙을 행하심이라
The sword of the Lord is filled with blood , it is made fat with fatness , and with the blood of lambs and goats , with the fat of the kidneys of rams : for the Lord hath a sacrifice in Bozrah , and a great slaughter in the land of Idumea .
7. 들소와 송아지와 수소가 한 가지로 도살장에 내려가니 그들의 땅이 피에 취하며 흙이 기름으로 윤택하리라
And the unicorns shall come down with them, and the bullocks with the bulls ; and their land shall be soaked with blood , and their dust made fat with fatness .
8. 이것은 여호와의 보수할 날이요 시온의 송사를 위하여 신원하실 해라
For it is the day of the Lord’s vengeance , and the year of recompences for the controversy of Zion .
9. 에돔의 시내들은 변하여 역청이 되고 그 티끌은 유황이 되고 그 땅은 불 붙는 역청이 되며
And the streams thereof shall be turned into pitch , and the dust thereof into brimstone , and the land thereof shall become burning pitch .
10. 낮에나 밤에나 꺼지지 않고 그 연기가 끊임 없이 떠오를 것이며 세세에 황무하여 그리로 지날 자가 영영히 없겠고
It shall not be quenched night nor day ; the smoke thereof shall go up for ever : from generation to generation it shall lie waste ; none shall pass through it for ever and ever .
11. 당아와 고슴도치가 그 땅을 차지하며 부엉이와 까마귀가 거기 거할 것이라 여호와께서 혼란의 줄과 공허의 추를 에돔에 베푸실 것인즉
But the cormorant and the bittern shall possess it; the owl also and the raven shall dwell in it: and he shall stretch out upon it the line of confusion , and the stones of emptiness .
12. 그들이 국가를 이으려 하여 귀인들을 부르되 아무도 없겠고 그 모든 방백도 없게 될 것이요
They shall call the nobles thereof to the kingdom , but none shall be there, and all her princes shall be nothing .
13. 그 궁궐에는 가시나무가 나며 그 견고한 성에는 엉겅퀴와 새품이 자라서 시랑의 굴과 타조의 처소가 될 것이니
And thorns shall come up in her palaces , nettles and brambles in the fortresses thereof: and it shall be an habitation of dragons , and a court for owls .
14. 들짐승이 이리와 만나며 수염소가 그 동류를 부르며 올빼미가 거기 거하여 쉬는 처소를 삼으며
The wild beasts of the desert shall also meet with the wild beasts of the island , and the satyr shall cry to his fellow ; the screech owl also shall rest there, and find for herself a place of rest .
15. 부엉이가 거기 깃들이고 알을 낳아 까서 그 그늘에 모으며 솔개들도 그 짝과 함께 거기 모이리라
There shall the great owl make her nest , and lay , and hatch , and gather under her shadow : there shall the vultures also be gathered , every one with her mate .
16. 너희는 여호와의 책을 자세히 읽어보라 이것들이 하나도 빠진 것이 없고 하나도 그 짝이 없는 것이 없으리니 이는 여호와의 입이 이를 명하셨고 그의 신이 이것들을 모으셨음이라
Seek ye out of the book of the Lord , and read : no one of these shall fail , none shall want her mate : for my mouth it hath commanded , and his spirit it hath gathered them.
17. 여호와께서 그것들을 위하여 제비를 뽑으시며 친수로 줄을 띠어 그 땅을 그것들에게 나뉘 주셨으니 그것들이 영영히 차지하며 대대로 거기 거하리라
And he hath cast the lot for them, and his hand hath divided it unto them by line : they shall possess it for ever , from generation to generation shall they dwell therein.
■ 주석 보기
【사34:1 JFB】사34:1-17. Judgment on Idumea.
The thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth chapters form one prophecy, the former part of which denounces God's judgment against His people's enemies, of whom Edom is the representative; the second part, of the flourishing state of the Church consequent on those judgments. This forms the termination of the prophecies of the first part of Isaiah (the thirty-sixth through thirty-ninth chapters being historical) and is a kind of summary of what went before, setting forth the one main truth, Israel shall be delivered from all its foes, and happier times shall succeed under Messiah.
1. All creation is summoned to hear God's judgments (겔6:3; 신32:1; 시50:4; 미6:1, 2), for they set forth His glory, which is the end of creation (계15:3; 4:11).
that come forth of it—answering to "all that is therein"; or Hebrew, "all whatever fills it," Margin.
【사34:1 CWC】[JUDAH AND EGYPT]
These chapters make a unit since, with the exception of the opening part of chapter 28, they chiefly deal with Judah's futile alliance with Egypt.
Chapter 28.
Israel, or the kingdom of the ten tribes, is addressed under the name of her leading tribe "Ephraim" (v. 1). Her great sin is strong drink. "The head of the fat valley" is Samaria the capitol, which is soon to be overthrown by the Assyrians (vv. 2-4). Observe, however, the usual forecast of the end of the age and the coming deliverance and triumph of the faithful remnant (v. 5). This is a parallel to what we have seen in so many instances hitherto.
At verse 14, Jerusalem rather than Samaria, is addressed, Judah rather than Israel. The end of the age is in mind and the covenant with the Antichrist at that time (compare v. 15 with Dan. 9, especially v. 27). The Messiah is seen coming in judgment, and destroying the power of the Antichrist (compare 2 Thess. 2).
Chapter 29.
"Ariel," which means "the lion of God," is one of the names of Jerusalem (vv. 1-2). A siege is predicted (vv. 3-6), and while this may primarily refer either to that of the Assyrians under Sennacherib, or the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar, yet before the close of the chapter, the time of blessing portrayed for Judah shows a further fulfillment in the last siege of the united Gentile nations under the Antichrist. Again we find the parallel to earlier chapters, especially 10, and an illustration of the law of recurrence. Read also Daniel 11, 미4:11; 5:4-15, and Zechariah, chapters 12-14.
Chapter 30.
When Jerusalem was besieged by Sennacherib, and later by Nebuchadnezzar, she sought aid from Egypt, her natural ally, because of her proximity, but also because Egypt was Assyria's and Babylon's natural rival for world power. This was contrary to the divine will, for Judah should have trusted in God. Egypt's aid on both occasions was to no purpose as other Scriptures show, and the whole circumstance is typical of the end of the age. When, in that day, Jerusalem for the last time shall be besieged by the Gentile nations, again will her hope turn to the world which Egypt represents, and in vain. All this is set before us in what follows. We have (1) the alliance and its failure (vv. 1-7); (2) the nation warned but to no purpose (vv. 8-17); (3) the customary encouragement to the faithful remnant (vv. 18-21); (4) all of which is to be accomplished by the return of the Lord (vv. 22-23).
Chapter 31.
The alliance with Egypt is again condemned (vv. 1-3), and is quite unnecessary in view of Jehovah's purpose towards His faithful people in that day (vv. 4-9). It must be clear that these latter verses refer to the future since no such defence of Jerusalem by Jehovah has yet taken place.
Chapter 32.
The connection with the preceding is close. There Jehovah, the second person of the Trinity, is seen interposing on behalf of Judah, and here He is seen actually reigning over her in the millennial period following. Jesus Christ is this King (v. 1). Millennial blessings are portrayed (vv. 2-5). The Holy Spirit is poured out, and peace ensues (vv. 15-20). Read Joel 2.
Chapter 33.
Practically the same ground is covered here as in the preceding chapters. Judgment is pronounced on the enemy (v. 1); the prayer of the faithful remnant is heard (vv. 2-6); the judgment is seen in execution (vv. 7-12); the faithful are dwelling in safety and beholding the King in His beauty (vv. 13-24).
Chapter 34.
This is a parallel to chapter 24, and one of the darkest chapters in the Bible, describing a judgment world-wide. The indignation of God is upon all the nations and their armies, an enlargement of that spoken of upon the Assyrian, and of which that was a type (compare 살후1:5-10).
Chapter 35.
After these judgments, blessing and glory are resting upon Judah. Evidently the millennium is once more pictured here.
【사34:1 MHCC】 God's vengeance against the enemies of his church. (사34:1-8) Their desolation. (사34:9-17)
사34:1-8 Here is a prophecy of the wars of the Lord, all which are both righteous and successful. All nations are concerned. And as they have all had the benefit of his patience, so all must expect to feel his resentment. The description of bloodshed suggests tremendous ideas of the Divine judgments. Idumea here denotes the nations at enmity with the church; also the kingdom of antichrist. Our thoughts cannot reach the horrors of that awful season, to those found opposing the church of Christ. There is a time fixed in the Divine counsels for the deliverance of the church, and the destruction of her enemies. We must patiently wait till then, and judge nothing before the time. Through Christ, mercy is exercised to every believer, consistently with justice, and his name is glorified.
사34:9-17 Those who aim to ruin the church, can never do that, but will ruin themselves. What dismal changes sin can make! It turns a fruitful land into barrenness, a crowded city into a wilderness. Let us compare all we discover in the book of the Lord, with the dealings of providence around us, that we may be more diligent in seeking the kingdom of God and his righteousness. What the mouth of the Lord has commanded, his Spirit will perform. And let us observe how the evidences of the truth continually increase, as one prophecy after another is fulfilled, until these awful scenes bring in more happy days. As Israel was a figure of the Christian church, so the Edomites, their bitter enemies, represent the enemies of the kingdom of Christ. God's Jerusalem may be laid in ruins for a time, but the enemies of the church shall be desolate for ever.
【사34:2 JFB】2. utterly destroyed—rather, "doomed them to an utter curse" [Horsley].
delivered—rather, "appointed."
【사34:3 JFB】3. cast out—unburied (사14:19).
melted—washed away as with a descending torrent.
【사34:4 JFB】4. (시102:26; Joe 2:31; 3:15; 마24:29).
dissolved—(벧후3:10-12). Violent convulsions of nature are in Scripture made the images of great changes in the human world (사24:19-21), and shall literally accompany them at the winding up of the present dispensation.
scroll—Books were in those days sheets of parchment rolled together (계6:14).
fall down—The stars shall fall when the heavens in which they are fixed pass away.
fig tree—(계6:13).
【사34:5 JFB】5. sword—(렘46:10). Or else, knife for sacrifice for God does not here appear as a warrior with His sword, but as one about to sacrifice victims doomed to slaughter [Vitringa]. (겔39:17).
bathed—rather "intoxicated," namely, with anger (so 신32:42). "In heaven" implies the place where God's purpose of wrath is formed in antithesis to its "coming down" in the next clause.
Idumea—originally extending from the Dead Sea to the Red Sea; afterwards they obtained possession of the country east of Moab, of which Bozrah was capital. Petra or Selah, called Joktheel (왕하14:7), was capital of South Edom (see on 사16:1). David subjugated Edom (삼하8:13, 14). Under Jehoram they regained independence (대하21:8). Under Amaziah they were again subdued, and Selah taken (왕하14:7). When Judah was captive in Babylon, Edom, in every way, insulted over her fallen mistress, killed many of those Jews whom the Chaldeans had left, and hence was held guilty of fratricide by God (Esau, their ancestor, having been brother to Jacob): this was the cause of the denunciations of the prophets against Edom (사63:1, &c.; 렘49:7; 겔25:12-14; 35:3-15; Joe 3:19; 암1:11, 12; Ob 8, 10, 12-18; 말1:3,4). Nebuchadnezzar humbled Idumea accordingly (렘25:15-21).
of my curse—that is, doomed to it.
to judgment—that is, to execute it.
【사34:6 JFB】6. filled—glutted. The image of a sacrifice is continued.
blood … fat—the parts especially devoted to God in a sacrifice (삼하1:22).
lambs … goats—sacrificial animals: the Idumeans, of all classes, doomed to slaughter, are meant (습1:7).
Bozrah—called Bostra by the Romans, &c., assigned in 렘48:24 to Moab, so that it seems to have been at one time in the dominion of Edom, and at another in that of Moab (사63:1; 렘49:13, 20, 22); it was strictly not in Edom, but the capital of Auranitis (the Houran). Edom seems to have extended its dominion so as to include it (compare 애4:21).
【사34:7 JFB】7. unicorns—Hebrew, reem: conveying the idea of loftiness, power, and pre-eminence (see on 욥39:9), in the Bible. At one time the image in the term answers to a reality in nature; at another it symbolizes an abstraction. The rhinoceros was the original type. The Arab rim is two-horned: it was the oryx (the leucoryx, antelope, bold and pugnacious); but when accident or artifice deprived it of one horn, the notion of the unicorn arose. Here is meant the portion of the Edomites which was strong and warlike.
come down—rather, "fall down," slain [Lowth].
with them—with the "lambs and goats," the less powerful Edomites (사34:6).
bullocks … bulls—the young and old Edomites: all classes.
dust—ground.
【사34:8 JFB】8. recompenses for the controversy of Zion—that is, the year when God will retaliate on those who have contended with Zion. Her controversy is His. Edom had thought to extend its borders by laying hold of its neighbor's lands and has instigated Babylon to cruelty towards fallen Judah (시137:7; 겔36:5); therefore Edom shall suffer the same herself (애4:21, 22). The final winding up of the controversy between God and all enemies of Him and His people is also foreshadowed (사61:2; 63:4; 66:14-16; 말4:1, 3; 살후1:7, 8, 9; 계11:18; 18:20; 19:2).
【사34:9 JFB】9. Images from the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah (창19:24-28; so 신29:23; 렘49:17, 18).
【사34:10 JFB】10. It—The burning pitch, &c. (사34:9).
smoke … for ever—(계14:11; 18:18; 19:3).
generation to generation—(말1:4).
none … pass through—Edom's original offense was: they would not let Israel pass through their land in peace to Canaan: God recompenses them in kind, no traveller shall pass through Edom. Volney, the infidel, was forced to confirm the truth of this prophecy: "From the reports of the Arabs, southeast of the Dead Sea, within three days' journey are upwards of thirty ruined towns, absolutely deserted."
【사34:11 JFB】11. cormorant—The Hebrew is rendered, in 시102:6, "pelican," which is a seafowl, and cannot be meant here: some waterfowl (katta, according to Burckhardt) that tenants desert places is intended.
bittern—rather, "the hedgehog," or "porcupine" [Gesenius] (사14:23).
owl—from its being enumerated among water birds in 레11:17; 신14:16. Maurer thinks rather the heron or crane is meant; from a Hebrew root, "to blow," as it utters a sound like the blowing of a horn (계18:2).
confusion—devastation.
line … stones—metaphor from an architect with line and plummet-stone (see on 사18:2; 사28:17); God will render to it the exact measure of justice without mercy (약2:13; 왕하21:13; 애2:8; 암7:7, 8).
emptiness—desolation. Edom is now a waste of "stones."
【사34:12 JFB】12. Rather, "As to her nobles, there shall be none there who shall declare a kingdom," that is, a king [Maurer]; or else, "There shall be no one there whom they shall call to the kingdom" [Rosenmuller] (사3:6, &c.). Idumea was at first governed by dukes (창36:15); out of them the king wan chosen when the constitution became a monarchy.
【사34:13 JFB】13. dragons—(See on 사13:21; 사13:22).
court for owls—rather, "a dwelling for ostriches."
【사34:14 JFB】14. wild beasts of the desert … island—rather, "wild cats … jackals" (사13:21).
screech owl—rather, "the night specter"; in Jewish superstition a female, elegantly dressed, that carried off children by night. The text does not assert the existence of such objects of superstition, but describes the place as one which superstition would people with such beings.
【사34:15 JFB】15. great owl—rather, "the arrow snake," so called from its darting on its prey [Gesenius].
lay—namely, eggs.
gather under her shadow—rather, "cherishes" her young under, &c. (렘17:11).
【사34:16 JFB】16. book of the Lord—the volume in which the various prophecies and other parts of Scripture began henceforward to be collected together (사30:8; 단9:2).
Seek—(so 사8:16, 20; 요5:39; 7:52).
no one … fail—of these prophecies (마5:18).
none shall want … mate—image from pairing of animals mentioned, 사34:15 ("mate"); no prediction shall want a fulfilment as its companion. Or rather, "none of these wild animals (just spoken of) shall be wanting: none shall be without its mate" to pair and breed with, in desolate Idumea.
my … his—Such changes of person are frequent in Hebrew poetry.
them—the wild beasts.
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