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■ 이사야 33장
1. 화 있을진저 너 학대를 당치 아니하고도 학대하며 속임을 입지 아니하고도 속이는 자여 네가 학대하기를 마치면 네가 학대를 당할 것이며 네가 속이기를 그치면 사람이 너를 속이리라
Woe to thee that spoilest , and thou wast not spoiled ; and dealest treacherously , and they dealt not treacherously with thee! when thou shalt cease to spoil , thou shalt be spoiled ; and when thou shalt make an end to deal treacherously , they shall deal treacherously with thee.
2. 여호와여 우리에게 은혜를 베푸소서 우리가 주를 앙망하오니 주는 아침마다 우리의 팔이 되시며 환난 때에 우리의 구원이 되소서
O Lord , be gracious unto us; we have waited for thee: be thou their arm every morning , our salvation also in the time of trouble .
3. 진동 시키시는 소리로 인하여 민족들이 도망하며 주께서 일어나시므로 인하여 열방이 흩어졌나이다
At the noise of the tumult the people fled ; at the lifting up of thyself the nations were scattered .
4. 황충의 모임 같이 사람이 너희 노략물을 모을 것이며 메뚜기의 뛰어 오름 같이 그들이 그 위로 뛰어 오르리라
And your spoil shall be gathered like the gathering of the caterpiller : as the running to and fro of locusts shall he run upon them.
5. 여호와께서는 지존하시니 이는 높은 데 거하심이요 공평과 의로 시온에 충만케 하심이라
The Lord is exalted ; for he dwelleth on high : he hath filled Zion with judgment and righteousness .
6. 너의 시대에 평안함이 있으며 구원과 지혜와 지식이 풍성할 것이니 여호와를 경외함이 너의 보배니라
And wisdom and knowledge shall be the stability of thy times , and strength of salvation : the fear of the Lord is his treasure .
7. 보라 그들의 용사가 밖에서 부르짖으며 평화의 사신들이 슬피 곡하며
Behold, their valiant ones shall cry without : the ambassadors of peace shall weep bitterly .
8. 대로가 황폐하여 행인이 끊치며 대적이 조약을 파하고 성읍들을 멸시하며 사람을 생각지 아니하며
The highways lie waste , the wayfaring man ceaseth : he hath broken the covenant , he hath despised the cities , he regardeth no man .
9. 땅이 슬퍼하고 쇠잔하며 레바논은 부끄러워 마르고 사론은 사막과 같고 바산 갈멜은 목엽을 떨어치는도다
The earth mourneth and languisheth : Lebanon is ashamed and hewn down : Sharon is like a wilderness ; and Bashan and Carmel shake off their fruits.
10. 여호와께서 가라사대 내가 이제 일어나며 내가 이제 나를 높이며 내가 이제 지극히 높이우리니
Now will I rise , saith the Lord ; now will I be exalted ; now will I lift up myself.
11. 너희가 겨를 잉태하고 짚을 해산할 것이며 너희의 호흡은 불이 되어 너희를 삼킬 것이며
Ye shall conceive chaff , ye shall bring forth stubble : your breath , as fire , shall devour you.
12. 민족들은 불에 굽는 횟돌 같겠고 베어서 불에 사르는 가시나무 같으리로다
And the people shall be as the burnings of lime : as thorns cut up shall they be burned in the fire .
13. 너희 먼 데 있는 자들아 나의 행한 것을 들으라 너희 가까이 있는 자들아 나의 권능을 알라
Hear , ye that are far off , what I have done ; and, ye that are near , acknowledge my might .
14. 시온의 죄인들이 두려워하며 경건치 아니한 자들이 떨며 이르기를 우리 중에 누가 삼키는 불과 함께 거하겠으며 우리 중에 누가 영영히 타는 것과 함께 거하리요 하도다
The sinners in Zion are afraid ; fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites . Who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire ? who among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings ?
15. 오직 의롭게 행하는 자, 정직히 말하는자, 토색한 재물을 가증히 여기는 자, 손을 흔들어 뇌물을 받지 아니하는 자, 귀를 막아 피 흘리려는 꾀를 듣지 아니하는 자, 눈을 감아 악을 보지 아니하는 자,
He that walketh righteously , and speaketh uprightly ; he that despiseth the gain of oppressions , that shaketh his hands from holding of bribes , that stoppeth his ears from hearing of blood , and shutteth his eyes from seeing evil ;
16. 그는 높은 곳에 거하리니 견고한 바위가 그 보장이 되며 그 양식은 공급되고 그 물은 끊치지 아니하리라 하셨느니라
He shall dwell on high : his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks : bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure .
17. 너의 눈은 그 영광 중의 왕을 보며 광활한 땅을 목도하겠고
Thine eyes shall see the king in his beauty : they shall behold the land that is very far off .
18. 너의 마음에는 두려워하던 것을 생각하여 내리라 계산하던 자가 어디 있느냐 공세를 칭량하던 자가 어디 있느냐 망대를 계수하던 자가 어디 있느냐
Thine heart shall meditate terror . Where is the scribe ? where is the receiver ? where is he that counted the towers ?
19. 네가 강포한 백성을 다시 보지 아니하리라 그 백성은 방언이 어려워서 네가 알아 듣지 못하며 말이 이상하여 네가 깨닫지 못하는 자니라
Thou shalt not see a fierce people , a people of a deeper speech than thou canst perceive ; of a stammering tongue , that thou canst not understand .
20. 우리의 절기 지키는 시온성을 보라 네 눈에 안정한 처소된 예루살렘이 보이리니 그것은 옮겨지지 아니할 장막이라 그 말뚝이 영영히 뽑히지 아니할 것이요 그 줄이 하나도 끊치지 아니할 것이며
Look upon Zion , the city of our solemnities : thine eyes shall see Jerusalem a quiet habitation , a tabernacle that shall not be taken down ; not one of the stakes thereof shall ever be removed , neither shall any of the cords thereof be broken .
21. 여호와께서는 거기서 위엄 중에 우리와 함께 계시리니 그곳은 마치 노질하는 배나 큰 배가 통행치 못할 넓은 하수나 강이 둘림 같을 것이라
But there the glorious Lord will be unto us a place of broad rivers and streams ; wherein shall go no galley with oars , neither shall gallant ship pass thereby.
22. 대저 여호와는 우리 재판장이시요 여호와는 우리에게 율법을 세우신 자시요 여호와는 우리의 왕이시니 우리를 구원하실 것임이니라
For the Lord is our judge , the Lord is our lawgiver , the Lord is our king ; he will save us.
23. 너의 돛대 줄이 풀렸었고 돛대 밑을 튼튼히 하지 못하였었고 돛을 달지 못하였느니라 때가 되면 많은 재물을 탈취하여 나누리니 저는 자도 그 재물을 취할 것이며
Thy tacklings are loosed ; they could not well strengthen their mast , they could not spread the sail : then is the prey of a great spoil divided ; the lame take the prey .
24. 그 거민은 내가 병들었노라 하지 아니할 것이라 거기 거하는 백성이 사죄함을 받으리라
And the inhabitant shall not say , I am sick : the people that dwell therein shall be forgiven their iniquity .
■ 주석 보기
【사33:1 JFB】사33:1-24. The Last of Isaiah's Prophecies as to Sennacherib's Overthrow.
사33:1, 8, 9, describe the Assyrian spoiler; strong as he is, he shall fall before Jehovah who is stronger (사33:2-6, 10-12). The time is the autumn of 713 B.C.
1. and thou—that is, though thou wast not spoiled—though thou wast not dealt treacherously with (see on 사24:16), thy spoiling and treachery are therefore without excuse, being unprovoked.
cease—When God has let thee do thy worst, in execution of His plans, thine own turn shall come (compare 사10:12; 14:2; 합2:8; 계13:10).
【사33:1 CWC】[JUDAH AND EGYPT]
These chapters make a unit since, with the exception of the opening part of chapter 28, they chiefly deal with Judah's futile alliance with Egypt.
Chapter 28.
Israel, or the kingdom of the ten tribes, is addressed under the name of her leading tribe "Ephraim" (v. 1). Her great sin is strong drink. "The head of the fat valley" is Samaria the capitol, which is soon to be overthrown by the Assyrians (vv. 2-4). Observe, however, the usual forecast of the end of the age and the coming deliverance and triumph of the faithful remnant (v. 5). This is a parallel to what we have seen in so many instances hitherto.
At verse 14, Jerusalem rather than Samaria, is addressed, Judah rather than Israel. The end of the age is in mind and the covenant with the Antichrist at that time (compare v. 15 with Dan. 9, especially v. 27). The Messiah is seen coming in judgment, and destroying the power of the Antichrist (compare 2 Thess. 2).
Chapter 29.
"Ariel," which means "the lion of God," is one of the names of Jerusalem (vv. 1-2). A siege is predicted (vv. 3-6), and while this may primarily refer either to that of the Assyrians under Sennacherib, or the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar, yet before the close of the chapter, the time of blessing portrayed for Judah shows a further fulfillment in the last siege of the united Gentile nations under the Antichrist. Again we find the parallel to earlier chapters, especially 10, and an illustration of the law of recurrence. Read also Daniel 11, 미4:11; 5:4-15, and Zechariah, chapters 12-14.
Chapter 30.
When Jerusalem was besieged by Sennacherib, and later by Nebuchadnezzar, she sought aid from Egypt, her natural ally, because of her proximity, but also because Egypt was Assyria's and Babylon's natural rival for world power. This was contrary to the divine will, for Judah should have trusted in God. Egypt's aid on both occasions was to no purpose as other Scriptures show, and the whole circumstance is typical of the end of the age. When, in that day, Jerusalem for the last time shall be besieged by the Gentile nations, again will her hope turn to the world which Egypt represents, and in vain. All this is set before us in what follows. We have (1) the alliance and its failure (vv. 1-7); (2) the nation warned but to no purpose (vv. 8-17); (3) the customary encouragement to the faithful remnant (vv. 18-21); (4) all of which is to be accomplished by the return of the Lord (vv. 22-23).
Chapter 31.
The alliance with Egypt is again condemned (vv. 1-3), and is quite unnecessary in view of Jehovah's purpose towards His faithful people in that day (vv. 4-9). It must be clear that these latter verses refer to the future since no such defence of Jerusalem by Jehovah has yet taken place.
Chapter 32.
The connection with the preceding is close. There Jehovah, the second person of the Trinity, is seen interposing on behalf of Judah, and here He is seen actually reigning over her in the millennial period following. Jesus Christ is this King (v. 1). Millennial blessings are portrayed (vv. 2-5). The Holy Spirit is poured out, and peace ensues (vv. 15-20). Read Joel 2.
Chapter 33.
Practically the same ground is covered here as in the preceding chapters. Judgment is pronounced on the enemy (v. 1); the prayer of the faithful remnant is heard (vv. 2-6); the judgment is seen in execution (vv. 7-12); the faithful are dwelling in safety and beholding the King in His beauty (vv. 13-24).
Chapter 34.
This is a parallel to chapter 24, and one of the darkest chapters in the Bible, describing a judgment world-wide. The indignation of God is upon all the nations and their armies, an enlargement of that spoken of upon the Assyrian, and of which that was a type (compare 살후1:5-10).
Chapter 35.
After these judgments, blessing and glory are resting upon Judah. Evidently the millennium is once more pictured here.
【사33:1 MHCC】 God's judgments against the enemies of his church. (사33:1-14) The happiness of his people. (사33:15-24)
사33:1-14 Here we have the proud and false destroyer justly reckoned with for all his fraud and violence. The righteous God often pays sinners in their own coin. Those who by faith humbly wait for God, shall find him gracious to them; as the day, so let the strength be. If God leaves us to ourselves any morning, we are undone; we must every morning commit ourselves to him, and go forth in his strength to do the work of the day. When God arises, his enemies are scattered. True wisdom and knowledge lead to strength of salvation, which renders us stedfast in the ways of God; and true piety is the only treasure which can never be plundered or spent. The distress Jerusalem was brought into, is described. God's time to appear for his people, is, when all other helpers fail. Let all who hear what God has done, acknowledge that he can do every thing. Sinners in Zion will have much to answer for, above other sinners. And those that rebel against the commands of the word, cannot take its comforts in time of need. His wrath will burn those everlastingly who make themselves fuel for it. It is a fire that shall never be quenched, nor ever go out of itself; it is the wrath of an ever-living God preying on the conscience of a never-dying soul.
사33:15-24 The true believer watches against all occasions of sin. The Divine power will keep him safe, and his faith in that power will keep him easy. He shall want nothing needful for him. Every blessing of salvation is freely bestowed on all that ask with humble, believing prayer; and the believer is safe in time and for ever. Those that walk uprightly shall not only have bread given, and their water sure, but they shall, by faith, see the King of kings in his beauty, the beauty of holiness. The remembrance of the terror they were in, shall add to the pleasure of their deliverance. It is desirable to be quiet in our own houses, but much more so to be quiet in God's house; and in every age Christ will have a seed to serve him. Jerusalem had no large river running by it, but the presence and power of God make up all wants. We have all in God, all we need, or can desire. By faith we take Christ for our Prince and Saviour; he reigns over his redeemed people. All that refuse to have Him to reign over them, make shipwreck of their souls. Sickness is taken away in mercy, when the fruit of it is the taking away of sin. If iniquity be taken away, we have little reason to complain of outward affliction. This last verse leads our thoughts, not only to the most glorious state of the gospel church on earth, but to heaven, where no sickness or trouble can enter. He that blotteth out our transgressions, will heal our souls.
【사33:2 JFB】2. us; we … their … our—He speaks interceding for His people, separating himself in thought for a moment from them, and immediately returns to his natural identification with them in the word "our."
every morning—each day as it dawns, especially during our danger, as the parallel "time of trouble" shows.
【사33:3 JFB】3. the tumult—the approach of Jehovah is likened to an advancing thunderstorm (사29:6; 30:27), which is His voice (계1:15), causing the people to "flee."
nation—the Assyrian levies.
【사33:4 JFB】4. The invaders' "spoil" shall be left behind by them in their flight, and the Jews shall gather it.
caterpillar—rather, "the wingless locust"; as it gathers; the Hebrew word for "gathers" is properly used of the gathering of the fruits of harvest (사32:10).
running to and fro—namely, in gathering harvest fruits.
he—rather, "they."
them—rather, "it," that is, the prey.
【사33:6 JFB】6. wisdom—sacred; that is, piety.
thy—Hezekiah's; or rather, "Judea's." "His" refers to the same; such changes from the pronoun possessive of the second person to that of the third are common in Hebrew poetry.
treasure—Not so much material wealth as piety shall constitute the riches of the nation (잠10:22; 15:16).
【사33:7 JFB】7-9. From the vision of future glory Isaiah returns to the disastrous present; the grief of "the valiant ones" (parallel to, and identical with, "the ambassadors of peace"), men of rank, sent with presents to sue for peace, but standing "without" the enemy's camp, their suit being rejected (왕하18:14, 18, 37). The highways deserted through fear, the cities insulted, the lands devastated.
cry—(사15:4).
【사33:8 JFB】8. broken … covenant—When Sennacherib invaded Judea, Hezekiah paid him a large sum to leave the land; Sennacherib received the money and yet sent his army against Jerusalem (왕하18:14, 17).
despised—make slight of as unable to resist him (사10:9; 36:19); easily captures them.
【사33:9 JFB】9. (사24:4).
Lebanon—personified; the allusion may be to the Assyrian cutting down its choice trees (사14:8; 37:24).
Sharon—south of Carmel, along the Mediterranean, proverbial for fertility (사35:2).
Bashan—afterwards called Batanea (사2:13).
fruits—rather, understand "leaves"; they lie as desolate as in winter.
【사33:10 JFB】10. The sight of His people's misery arouses Jehovah; He has let the enemy go far enough.
I—emphatic; God Himself will do what man could not.
【사33:11 JFB】11. Ye—the enemy.
conceive chaff—(사26:18; 59:4).
your breath—rather, your own spirit of anger and ambition [Maurer], (사30:28).
【사33:12 JFB】12. (사9:19; 암2:1). Perhaps alluding to their being about to be burnt on the funeral pyre (사30:33).
thorns—the wicked (삼하23:6, 7).
【사33:13 JFB】13. far off—distant nations.
near—the Jews and adjoining peoples (사49:1).
【사33:14 JFB】14. sinners in Zion—false professors of religion among the elect people (마22:12).
hypocrites—rather, "the profane"; "the abandoned" [Horsley].
who, &c.—If Jehovah's wrath could thus consume such a host in one night, who could abide it, if continued for ever (막9:46-48)? Fire is a common image for the divine judgments (사29:6; 30:30).
among us—If such awful judgments have fallen on those who knew not the true God, how infinitely worse shall fall on us who, amid religious privileges and profession, sin against God, (Lu 12:47, 48; 약4:17)?
【사33:15 JFB】15. In contrast to the trembling "sinners in Zion" (사33:14), the righteous shall be secure amid all judgments; they are described according to the Old Testament standpoint of righteousness (시15:2; 24:4).
stoppeth … ears … eyes—"Rejoiceth not in iniquity" (고전13:6; contrast 사29:20; 시10:3; 롬1:32). The senses are avenues for the entrance of sin (시119:37).
【사33:16 JFB】16. on high—heights inaccessible to the foe (사26:1).
bread … waters—image from the expected siege by Sennacherib; however besieged by trials without, the godly shall have literal and spiritual food, as God sees good for them (사41:17; 시37:25; 34:10; 132:15).
【사33:17 JFB】17. Thine—the saints'.
king in … beauty—not as now, Hezekiah in sackcloth, oppressed by the enemy, but King Messiah (사32:1) "in His beauty" (아5:10, 16; 계4:3).
land … very far off—rather, "the land in its remotest extent" (no longer pent up as Hezekiah was with the siege); see Margin. For Jerusalem is made the scene of the king's glory (사33:20, &c.), and it could not be said to be "very far off," unless the far-off land be heaven, the Jerusalem above, which is to follow the earthly reign of Messiah at literal Jerusalem (사65:17-19; 렘3:17; 계21:1, 2, 10).
【사33:18 JFB】18. meditate—on the "terror" caused by the enemy, but now past.
where, &c.—the language of the Jews exulting over their escape from danger.
scribe—who enrolled the army [Maurer]; or, who prescribed the tribute to be paid [Rosenmuller]; or, who kept an account of the spoil. "The principal scribe of the host" (왕하25:19; 렘52:25). The Assyrian records are free from the exaggerations of Egyptian records. Two scribes are seen in every Assyrian bas-relief, writing down the various objects brought to them, the heads of the slain, prisoners, cattle, sheep, &c.
receiver—"weigher," Margin.Layard mentions, among the Assyrian inscriptions, "a pair a scales for weighing the spoils."
counted … towers—he whose duty it was to reconnoitre and report the strength of the city to be besieged.
【사33:19 JFB】19. fierce people—The Assyrians shall not be allowed to enter Jerusalem (왕하19:32). Or, thou shalt not any longer see fierce enemies threatening thee as previously; such as the Assyrians, Romans, and the last Antichristian host that is yet to assail Jerusalem (신28:49, 50; 렘5:15; Z전14:2).
stammering—barbarous; so "deeper," &c., that is, unintelligible. The Assyrian tongue differed only in dialect from the Hebrew, but in the Assyrian levies were many of non-Semitic race and language, as the Medes, Elamites, &c. (see on 사28:11).
【사33:20 JFB】20. solemnities—solemn assemblies at the great feasts (see on 사30:29; 시42:4; 시48:12).
not … taken down … removed—image from captives "removed" from their land (사36:17). There shall be no more "taking away" to an enemy's land. Or else, from nomads living in shifting tents. The saints, who sojourned once in tabernacles as pilgrims, shall have a "building of God—eternal in the heavens" (고후5:1; 히11:9, 10; compare 사54:2).
stakes—driven into the ground; to these the "cords" were fastened. Christ's Church shall never fall (마16:18). So individual believers (계3:12).
【사33:21 JFB】21. there—namely, in Jerusalem.
will be … rivers—Jehovah will be as a broad river surrounding our city (compare 사19:6; 나3:8), and this, too, a river of such a kind as no ship of war can pass (compare 사26:1). Jerusalem had not the advantage of a river; Jehovah will be as one to it, affording all the advantages, without any of the disadvantages of one.
galley with oars—war vessels of a long shape, and propelled by oars; merchant vessels were broader and carried sail.
gallant—same Hebrew word as for "glorious," previously; "mighty" will suit both places; a ship of war is meant. No "mighty vessel" will dare to pass where the "mighty Lord" stands as our defense.
【사33:22 JFB】22. Lord—thrice repeated, as often: the Trinity (민6:24-26).
judge … lawgiver … king—perfect ideal of the theocracy, to be realized under Messiah alone; the judicial, legislative, and administrative functions as king to be exercised by Him in person (사11:4; 32:1; 약4:12).
【사33:23 JFB】23. tacklings—Continuing the allegory in 사33:21, he compares the enemies' host to a war galley which is deprived of the tacklings or cords by which the mast is sustained and the sail is spread; and which therefore is sure to be wrecked on "the broad river" (사33:21), and become the prey of Israel.
they—the tacklings, "hold not firm the base of the mast."
then—when the Assyrian host shall have been discomfited. Hezekiah had given Sennacherib three hundred talents of silver, and thirty of gold (왕하18:14-16), and had stripped the temple of its gold to give it to him; this treasure was probably part of the prey found in the foe's camp. After the invasion, Hezekiah had so much wealth that he made an improper display of it (왕하20:13-15); this wealth, probably, was in part got from the Assyrian.
the lame—Even the most feeble shall spoil the Assyrian camp (compare 사35:6; 삼하5:6).
※ 일러두기
웹 브라우저 주소창에 'https://foreverorkr.tistory.com/pages/' 다음에 '창1' 처럼 성경 약자와 장 번호를 입력하면 해당 장으로 바로 이동할 수 있다. 상단의 '한글듣기'와 '영어듣기' 우측의 플레이 아이콘을 누르면 읽는 성경을 들으며 읽을 수 있다.(읽는 성경의 출처는 https://mp3bible.ca , https://www.wordproject.org 이다) 성경 번역본은 개역 한글과 킴제임스 버전(KJV)이다. 주석은 세 가지로 CWC는 Christian Workers' Commentary, MHCC는 Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary, JFB는 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible을 의미한다.