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■ 이사야 30장
1. 여호와께서 가라사대 화 있을진저 패역한 자식들이여 그들이 계교를 베푸나 나로 말미암아 하지 아니하며 맹약을 맺으나 나의 신으로 말미암아 하지 아니하였음이로다 그들이 바로의 세력 안에서 스스로 강하려 하며 애굽의 그늘에 피하려 하여 애굽으로 내려갔으되 나의 입에 묻지 아니하였으니 죄에 죄를 더하도다
Woe to the rebellious children , saith the Lord , that take counsel , but not of me; and that cover with a covering , but not of my spirit , that they may add sin to sin :
2. _
That walk to go down into Egypt , and have not asked at my mouth ; to strengthen themselves in the strength of Pharaoh , and to trust in the shadow of Egypt !
3. 그러므로 바로의 세력이 너희의 수치가 되며 애굽의 그늘에 피함이 너희의 수욕이 될 것이라
Therefore shall the strength of Pharaoh be your shame , and the trust in the shadow of Egypt your confusion .
4. 그 방백들이 소안에 있고 그 사신들이 하네스에 이르렀으나
For his princes were at Zoan , and his ambassadors came to Hanes .
5. 그들이 다 자기를 유익하게 못하는 민족을 인하여 수치를 당하리니 그 민족이 돕지도 못하며 유익하게도 못하고 수치가 되게 하며 수욕이 되게 할 뿐임이니라
They were all ashamed of a people that could not profit them, nor be an help nor profit , but a shame , and also a reproach .
6. 남방 짐승에 관한 경고라 사신들이 그 재물을 어린 나귀 등에 싣고 그 보물을 약대 제물 안장에 얹고 암사자와 수사자와 독사와 및 날아다니는 불뱀이 나오는 위험하고 곤고한 땅을 지나 자기에게 무익한 민족에게로 갔으나
The burden of the beasts of the south : into the land of trouble and anguish , from whence come the young and old lion , the viper and fiery flying serpent , they will carry their riches upon the shoulders of young asses , and their treasures upon the bunches of camels , to a people that shall not profit them.
7. 애굽의 도움이 헛되고 무익하니라 그러므로 내가 애굽을 가만히 앉은 라합이라 일컬었느니라
For the Egyptians shall help in vain , and to no purpose : therefore have I cried concerning this , Their strength is to sit still .
8. 이제 가서 백성 앞에서 서판에 기록하며 책에 써서 후세에 영영히 있게 하라
Now go , write it before them in a table , and note it in a book , that it may be for the time to come for ever and ever :
9. 대저 이는 패역한 백성이요 거짓말하는 자식이요 여호와의 법을 듣기 싫어하는 자식이라
That this is a rebellious people , lying children , children that will not hear the law of the Lord :
10. 그들이 선견자에게 이르기를 선견하지 말라 선지자에게 이르기를 우리에게 정직한 것을 보이지 말라 부드러운 말을 하라 거짓된 것을 보이라
Which say to the seers , See not; and to the prophets , Prophesy not unto us right things , speak unto us smooth things , prophesy deceits :
11. 너희는 정로를 버리며 첩경에서 돌이키라 이스라엘의 거룩하신 자로 우리 앞에서 떠나시게 하라 하는도다
Get you out of the way , turn aside out of the path , cause the Holy One of Israel to cease from before us.
12. 이러므로 이스라엘의 거룩하신 자가 말씀하시되 너희가 이 말을 업신여기고 압박과 허망을 믿어 그것에 의뢰하니
Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel , Because ye despise this word , and trust in oppression and perverseness , and stay thereon:
13. 이 죄악이 너희로 마치 무너지게 된 높은 담이 불쑥 나와 경각간에 홀연히 무너짐 같게 하리라 하셨은즉
Therefore this iniquity shall be to you as a breach ready to fall , swelling out in a high wall , whose breaking cometh suddenly at an instant .
14. 그가 이 나라를 훼파하시되 토기장이가 그릇을 훼파함 같이 아낌이 없이 파쇄하시리니 그 조각 중에서, 아궁이에서 불을 취하거나 물웅덩이에서 물을 뜰 것도 얻지 못하리라
And he shall break it as the breaking of the potters’ vessel that is broken in pieces ; he shall not spare : so that there shall not be found in the bursting of it a sherd to take fire from the hearth , or to take water withal out of the pit .
15. 주 여호와 이스라엘의 거룩하신 자가 말씀하시되 너희가 돌이켜 안연히 처하여야 구원을 얻을 것이요 잠잠하고 신뢰하여야 힘을 얻을 것이어늘 너희가 원치 아니하고
For thus saith the Lord God , the Holy One of Israel ; In returning and rest shall ye be saved ; in quietness and in confidence shall be your strength : and ye would not.
16. 이르기를 아니라 우리가 말 타고 도망하리라 한고로 너희가 도망할 것이요 또 이르기를 우리가 빠른 짐승을 타리라 한고로 너희를 쫓는 자가 빠르리니
But ye said , No; for we will flee upon horses ; therefore shall ye flee : and, We will ride upon the swift ; therefore shall they that pursue you be swift .
17. 한 사람이 꾸짖은즉 천 사람이 도망하겠고 다섯이 꾸짖은즉 너희가 다 도망하고 너희 남은 자는 겨우 산꼭대기의 깃대 같겠고 영 위의 기호 같으리라 하셨느니라
One thousand shall flee at the rebuke of one ; at the rebuke of five shall ye flee : till ye be left as a beacon upon the top of a mountain , and as an ensign on an hill .
18. 그러나 여호와께서 기다리시나니 이는 너희에게 은혜를 베풀려 하심이요 일어나시리니 이는 저희를 긍휼히 여기려 하심이라 대저 여호와는 공의의 하나님이심이라 무릇 그를 기다리는 자는 복이 있도다
And therefore will the Lord wait , that he may be gracious unto you, and therefore will he be exalted , that he may have mercy upon you: for the Lord is a God of judgment : blessed are all they that wait for him.
19. 시온에 거하며 예루살렘에 거하는 백성아 너는 다시 통곡하지 않을 것이라 그가 너의 부르짖는 소리를 인하여 네게 은혜를 베푸시되 들으실 때에 네게 응답하시리라
For the people shall dwell in Zion at Jerusalem : thou shalt weep no more : he will be very gracious unto thee at the voice of thy cry ; when he shall hear it, he will answer thee.
20. 주께서 너희에게 환난의 떡과 고생의 물을 주시나 네 스승은 다시 숨기지 아니하시리니 네 눈이 네 스승을 볼 것이며
And though the Lord give you the bread of adversity , and the water of affliction , yet shall not thy teachers be removed into a corner any more, but thine eyes shall see thy teachers :
21. 너희가 우편으로 치우치든지 좌편으로 치우치든지 네 뒤에서 말소리가 네 귀에 들려 이르기를 이것이 정로니 너희는 이리로 행하라 할 것이며
And thine ears shall hear a word behind thee, saying , This is the way , walk ye in it , when ye turn to the right hand , and when ye turn to the left .
22. 또 너희가 너희 조각한 우상에 입힌 은과 부어만든 우상에 올린 금을 더럽게 하여 불결한 물건을 던짐 같이 던지며 이르기를 나가라 하리라
Ye shall defile also the covering of thy graven images of silver , and the ornament of thy molten images of gold : thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth ; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence .
23. 네가 땅에 뿌린 종자에 주께서 비를 주사 땅 소산의 곡식으로 살찌고 풍성케 하실 것이며 그 날에 너의 가축이 광활한 목장에서 먹을 것이요
Then shall he give the rain of thy seed , that thou shalt sow the ground withal; and bread of the increase of the earth , and it shall be fat and plenteous : in that day shall thy cattle feed in large pastures .
24. 밭가는 소와 어린 나귀도 키와 육지창으로 까부르고 맛있게 한 먹이를 먹을 것이며
The oxen likewise and the young asses that ear the ground shall eat clean provender , which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan .
25. 크게 살륙하는 날 망대가 무너질 때에 각 고산 각 준령에 개울과 시냇물이 흐를 것이며
And there shall be upon every high mountain , and upon every high hill , rivers and streams of waters in the day of the great slaughter , when the towers fall .
26. 여호와께서 그 백성의 상처를 싸매시며 그들의 맞은 자리를 고치시는 날에는 달빛은 햇빛 같겠고 햇빛은 칠 배가 되어 일곱 날의 빛과 같으리라
Moreover the light of the moon shall be as the light of the sun , and the light of the sun shall be sevenfold , as the light of seven days , in the day that the Lord bindeth up the breach of his people , and healeth the stroke of their wound .
27. 보라 여호와의 이름이 원방에서부터 오되 그의 진노가 불붙듯하며 빽빽한 연기가 일어 나듯하며 그 입술에는 분노가 찼으며 그 혀는 맹렬한 불 같으며
Behold, the name of the Lord cometh from far , burning with his anger , and the burden thereof is heavy : his lips are full of indignation , and his tongue as a devouring fire :
28. 그 호흡은 마치 창일하여 목에까지 미치는 하수 같은즉 그가 멸하는 키로 열방을 까부르며 미혹되게 하는 자갈을 여러 민족의 입에 먹이시리니
And his breath , as an overflowing stream , shall reach to the midst of the neck , to sift the nations with the sieve of vanity : and there shall be a bridle in the jaws of the people , causing them to err .
29. 너희가 거룩한 절기를 지키는 밤에와 같이 노래할 것이며 저를 불며 여호와의 산으로 가서 이스라엘의 반석에게로 나아가는 자 같이 마음에 즐거워할 것이라
Ye shall have a song , as in the night when a holy solemnity is kept ; and gladness of heart , as when one goeth with a pipe to come into the mountain of the Lord , to the mighty One of Israel .
30. 여호와께서 그 장엄한 목소리를 듣게 하시며 혁혁한 진노로 그 팔의 치심을 보이시되 맹렬한 화염과 폭풍과 폭우와 우박으로 하시리니
And the Lord shall cause his glorious voice to be heard , and shall shew the lighting down of his arm , with the indignation of his anger , and with the flame of a devouring fire , with scattering , and tempest , and hailstones .
31. 여호와의 목소리에 앗수르가 낙담할 것이며 주께서는 막대기로 치실 것인데
For through the voice of the Lord shall the Assyrian be beaten down , which smote with a rod .
32. 여호와께서 예정하신 몽둥이를 앗수르 위에 더하실 때마다 소고를 치며 수금을 탈 것이며 그는 전쟁 때에 팔을 들어 그들을 치시리라
And in every place where the grounded staff shall pass , which the Lord shall lay upon him, it shall be with tabrets and harps : and in battles of shaking will he fight with it.
33. 대저 도벳은 이미 설립되었고 또 왕을 위하여 예비된 것이라 깊고 넓게 하였고 거기 불과 많은 나무가 있은즉 여호와의 호흡이 유황 개천 같아서 이를 사르시리라
For Tophet is ordained of old ; yea, for the king it is prepared ; he hath made it deep and large : the pile thereof is fire and much wood ; the breath of the Lord , like a stream of brimstone , doth kindle it.
■ 주석 보기
【사30:1 JFB】사30:1-32. The Thirtieth Through Thirty-second Chapters Refer Probably to the Summer of 714 B.C., AS THE Twenty-ninth Chapter to the Passover of That Year.
Jewish ambassadors were now on their way to Egypt to seek aid against Assyria (사30:2-6, 15; 31:1). Isaiah denounces this reliance on Egypt rather than on Jehovah. God had prohibited such alliances with heathen nations, and it was a leading part of Jewish polity that they should be a separate people (출23:32; 신7:2).
1. take counsel—rather, as 사30:4, 6 imply, "execute counsels."
cover … covering—that is, wrap themselves in reliances disloyal towards Jehovah. "Cover" thus answers to "seek to hide deeply their counsel from the Lord" (사29:15). But the Hebrew is literally, "who pour out libations"; as it was by these that leagues were made (출24:8; Z전9:11), translate, "who make a league."
not of—not suggested by My Spirit" (민27:21; 수9:14).
that they may add—The consequence is here spoken of as their intention, so reckless were they of sinning: one sin entails the commission of another (신29:19).
【사30:1 CWC】[JUDAH AND EGYPT]
These chapters make a unit since, with the exception of the opening part of chapter 28, they chiefly deal with Judah's futile alliance with Egypt.
Chapter 28.
Israel, or the kingdom of the ten tribes, is addressed under the name of her leading tribe "Ephraim" (v. 1). Her great sin is strong drink. "The head of the fat valley" is Samaria the capitol, which is soon to be overthrown by the Assyrians (vv. 2-4). Observe, however, the usual forecast of the end of the age and the coming deliverance and triumph of the faithful remnant (v. 5). This is a parallel to what we have seen in so many instances hitherto.
At verse 14, Jerusalem rather than Samaria, is addressed, Judah rather than Israel. The end of the age is in mind and the covenant with the Antichrist at that time (compare v. 15 with Dan. 9, especially v. 27). The Messiah is seen coming in judgment, and destroying the power of the Antichrist (compare 2 Thess. 2).
Chapter 29.
"Ariel," which means "the lion of God," is one of the names of Jerusalem (vv. 1-2). A siege is predicted (vv. 3-6), and while this may primarily refer either to that of the Assyrians under Sennacherib, or the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar, yet before the close of the chapter, the time of blessing portrayed for Judah shows a further fulfillment in the last siege of the united Gentile nations under the Antichrist. Again we find the parallel to earlier chapters, especially 10, and an illustration of the law of recurrence. Read also Daniel 11, 미4:11; 5:4-15, and Zechariah, chapters 12-14.
Chapter 30.
When Jerusalem was besieged by Sennacherib, and later by Nebuchadnezzar, she sought aid from Egypt, her natural ally, because of her proximity, but also because Egypt was Assyria's and Babylon's natural rival for world power. This was contrary to the divine will, for Judah should have trusted in God. Egypt's aid on both occasions was to no purpose as other Scriptures show, and the whole circumstance is typical of the end of the age. When, in that day, Jerusalem for the last time shall be besieged by the Gentile nations, again will her hope turn to the world which Egypt represents, and in vain. All this is set before us in what follows. We have (1) the alliance and its failure (vv. 1-7); (2) the nation warned but to no purpose (vv. 8-17); (3) the customary encouragement to the faithful remnant (vv. 18-21); (4) all of which is to be accomplished by the return of the Lord (vv. 22-23).
Chapter 31.
The alliance with Egypt is again condemned (vv. 1-3), and is quite unnecessary in view of Jehovah's purpose towards His faithful people in that day (vv. 4-9). It must be clear that these latter verses refer to the future since no such defence of Jerusalem by Jehovah has yet taken place.
Chapter 32.
The connection with the preceding is close. There Jehovah, the second person of the Trinity, is seen interposing on behalf of Judah, and here He is seen actually reigning over her in the millennial period following. Jesus Christ is this King (v. 1). Millennial blessings are portrayed (vv. 2-5). The Holy Spirit is poured out, and peace ensues (vv. 15-20). Read Joel 2.
Chapter 33.
Practically the same ground is covered here as in the preceding chapters. Judgment is pronounced on the enemy (v. 1); the prayer of the faithful remnant is heard (vv. 2-6); the judgment is seen in execution (vv. 7-12); the faithful are dwelling in safety and beholding the King in His beauty (vv. 13-24).
Chapter 34.
This is a parallel to chapter 24, and one of the darkest chapters in the Bible, describing a judgment world-wide. The indignation of God is upon all the nations and their armies, an enlargement of that spoken of upon the Assyrian, and of which that was a type (compare 살후1:5-10).
Chapter 35.
After these judgments, blessing and glory are resting upon Judah. Evidently the millennium is once more pictured here.
【사30:1 MHCC】 The Jews reproved for seeking aid from Egypt. (사30:1-7) Judgements in consequence of their contempt of God's word. (사30:8-18) God's mercies to his church. (사30:19-26) The ruin of the Assyrian army, and of all God's enemies. (사30:27-33)
사30:1-7 It was often the fault and folly of the Jews, that when troubled by their neighbours on one side, they sought for succour from others, instead of looking up to God. Nor can we avoid the dreadful consequences of adding sin to sin, but by making the righteousness of Christ our refuge, and seeking for the sanctification of the Holy Spirit. Men have always been prone to lean to their own understandings, but this will end in their shame and misery. They would not trust in God. They took much pains to gain the Egyptians. The riches so spent turned to a bad account. See what dangers men run into who forsake God to follow their carnal confidences. The Creator is the Rock of ages, the creature a broken reed; we cannot expect too little from man, or too much from God. Our strength is to sit still, in humble dependence upon God and his goodness, and quiet submission to his will.
사30:8-18 The Jews were the only professing people God then had in the world, yet many among them were rebellious. They had the light, but they loved darkness rather. The prophets checked them in their sinful pursuits, so that they could not proceed without fear; this they took amiss. But faithful ministers will not be driven from seeking to awaken sinners. God is the Holy One of Israel, and so they shall find him. They did not like to hear of his holy commandments and his hatred of sin; they desired that they might no more be reminded of these things. But as they despised the word of God, their sins undermined their safety. Their state would be dashed in pieces like a potter's vessel. Let us return from our evil ways, and settle in the way of duty; that is the way to be saved. Would we be strengthened, it must be in quietness and in confidence, keeping peace in our own minds, and relying upon God. They think themselves wiser than God; but the project by which they thought to save themselves was their ruin. Only here and there one shall escape, as a warning to others. If men will not repent, turn to God, and seek happiness in his favour and service, their desires will but hasten their ruin. Those who make God alone their confidence, will have comfort. God ever waits to be gracious to all that come to him by faith in Christ, and happy are those who wait for him.
사30:19-26 God's people will soon arrive at the Zion above, and then they will weep no more for ever. Even now they would have more comfort, as well as holiness, if they were more constant in prayer. A famine of bread is not so great a judgment as a famine of the word of God. There are right-hand and left-hand errors; the tempter is busy courting us into by-paths. It is happy if, by the counsels of a faithful minister or friend, or the checks of conscience, and the strivings of God the Spirit, we are set right when doubting, and prevented from going wrong. They shall be cured of their idolatry. To all true penitents sin becomes very hateful. This is shown daily in the conversion of souls, by the power of Divine grace, to the fear and love of God. Abundant means of grace, with the influences of the Holy Spirit, would be extended to places destitute of them. The effect of this should be comfort and joy to the people of God. Light, that is, knowledge, shall increase. This is the light which the gospel brought into the world, and which proclaims healing to the broken-hearted.
사30:27-33 God curbs and restrains from doing mischief. With a word he guides his people into the right way, but with a bridle he turns his enemies upon their own ruin. Here, in threatening the ruin of Sennacherib's army, the prophet points at the final and everlasting destruction of all impenitent sinners. Tophet was a valley near Jerusalem, where fires were continually burning to destroy things that were hurtful and offensive, and there the idolatrous Jews caused their children to pass through the fire to Moloch. This denotes the certainty of the destruction, as an awful emblem of the place of torment in the other world. No oppressor shall escape the Divine wrath. Let sinners then flee to Christ, seeking to be reconciled to Him, that they may be safe and happy, when destruction from the Almighty shall sweep away all the workers of iniquity.
【사30:2 JFB】2. walk—are now setting out, namely, their ambassadors (사30:4).
Egypt—See on 사19:1; 사20:1.
Pharaoh—the generic name of the kings of Egypt, as Cæsar was at Rome. The word in Egyptian means "king" [Josephus, Antiquities, 8.6,2]. Phra, "the sun," was the hieroglyphic symbol and title of the king.
shadow—image from shelter against heat: protection (시121:5, 6).
【사30:3 JFB】3. shame—disappointment. Egypt, weakened by its internal dissensions, can give no solid help.
【사30:4 JFB】4. his—Judah's (compare 사9:21).
at Zoan—are already arrived there on their errand to Pharaoh (see 사19:11).
came to Hanes—are come there. West of the Nile, in central Egypt: Egyptian Hnes; the Greek Heracleopolis: perhaps the Anysis of Herodotus (2.137); according to Grotius, Tahpanhes contracted (렘43:7-9); the seat of a reigning prince at the time, as was Zoan, hence the Jewish ambassadors go to both.
【사30:5 JFB】5. (렘2:36.)
【사30:6 JFB】6. burden—the prophecy as to, &c. [Maurer]; so the Septuagint, the fresh inscription here marks emphatically the prediction that follows. Or, rather, Isaiah sees in vision, the ambassador's beasts burdened with rich presents travelling southwards (namely, to Egypt, 단11:5, 6), and exclaims, Oh, the burden of treasure on the beasts! &c. (호8:9; 12:1).
land of trouble—the desert between Palestine and Egypt, destitute of water and abounding in dangerous animals (신8:15; 렘2:6).
flying serpent—(사14:29), a species which springs like a dart from trees, on its prey.
will carry—rather, present, "carry," namely, as presents to Egypt (왕상15:19).
young asses—rather, "full-grown asses" [Maurer].
【사30:7 JFB】7. "Egypt is vanity, and to no purpose will they help" [G. V. Smith].
strength—Hebrew, Rabah, a designation for Egypt (사51:9; 시87:4), implying her haughty fierceness; translate, "Therefore I call her Arrogance that sitteth still." She who boasted of the help she would give, when it came to the test, sat still (사36:6). English Version agrees with 사30:15; 사7:4.
【사30:8 JFB】8. table—a tablet (합2:2), which should be set in public, containing the prophecy in a briefer form, to be read by all.
a book—namely, a parchment roll, containing the prophecy in full, for the use of distant posterity. Its truth will be seen hereafter when the event has come to pass. See on 사8:1; 사8:16.
for ever and ever—rather read, "For a testimony for ever" [Chaldee,Jerome, Lowth]: "testimony is often joined to the notion of perpetuity (신31:19, 21, 26).
【사30:9 JFB】9. lying—unfaithful to Jehovah, whose covenant they had taken on them as His adopted children (사59:13; 잠30:9).
【사30:10 JFB】10. (미2:6, 11; 3:5).
See not—as you now do, foretelling misfortune.
Prophesy not … right things—Not that they avowedly requested this, but their conduct virtually expressed it. No man, professedly, wished to be deceived; but many seek a kind of teaching which is deceit; and which, if they would examine, they might know to be such (왕상22:13). The Jews desired success to be foretold as the issue of their league with Egypt, though ill had been announced by God's prophet as the result; this constituted the "deceits."
【사30:11 JFB】11. Depart from the true "way" (so in 행19:9, 23) of religion.
cause … to cease—Let us hear no more of His name. God's holiness is what troubles sinners most.
【사30:12 JFB】12. Holy One—Isaiah so little yields to their wicked prejudices that he repeats the very name and truth which they disliked.
this word—Isaiah's exhortation to reliance on Jehovah.
oppression—whereby they levied the treasures to be sent to conciliate Egypt (사30:6).
perverseness—in relying on Egypt, rather than on Jehovah.
【사30:13 JFB】13. Image from a curve swelling out in a wall (시62:3); when the former gives way, it causes the downfall of the whole wall; so their policy as to Egypt.
【사30:14 JFB】14. he—the enemy; or rather, God (시2:9; 렘19:11).
It—the Jewish state.
potter's vessel—earthen and fragile.
sherd—a fragment of the vessel large enough to take up a live coal, &c.
pit—cistern or pool. The swell of the wall is at first imperceptible and gradual, but at last it comes to the crisis; so the decay of the Jewish state.
【사30:15 JFB】15. returning and rest—turning back from your embassy to Egypt, and ceasing from warlike preparations.
quietness—answering to "wait for Him (God)" (사30:18).
【사30:16 JFB】16. flee—not as fugitives, but we will speed our course; namely, against the Assyrians, by the help of cavalry supplied by Egypt (사31:1). This was expressly against the Mosaic law (신17:16; see on 사2:7; 호14:3).
shall … flee—literally, "before your enemies"; their sin and its punishment correspond.
【사30:17 JFB】17. One thousand—A thousand at once, or, "As one man" [Maurer].
rebuke—the battle cry.
shall ye—at the rebuke of five shall ye, namely, all (in contrast to the "one thousand") flee so utterly that even two shall not be left together, but each one shall be as solitary "as a signal staff" [G. V. Smith], or "a banner on a hill" (사5:26; 11:12). The signal staff was erected to rally a nation in war. The remnant of Jews left would be beacons to warn all men of the justice of God, and the truth of His threatenings. Gesenius (from 레26:8; 신32:30) arbitrarily inserts "ten thousand." "At the rebuke of five shall ten thousand of you flee."
【사30:18 JFB】18. therefore—on account of your wicked perverseness (사30:1, 2, 9, 15, 16), Jehovah will delay to be gracious [Horsley]. Rather, wait or delay in punishing, to give you time for repentance (사30:13, 14, 17) [Maurer]. Or, "Yet therefore" (namely, because of the distress spoken of in the previous verses; that distress will lead the Jews to repentance, and so Jehovah will pity them) [Gesenius].
be exalted—Men will have more elevated views of God's mercy; or else, "He will rise up to pity you" [G. V. Smith]. Or (taking the previous clause as Maurer, "Therefore Jehovah will delay" in punishing you, "in order that He may be gracious to you," if ye repent), He will be far removed from you (so in 시10:5, far above out sight); that is, He will not immediately descend to punish, "in order that He may have mercy," &c.
judgment—justice; faithfulness to His covenant.
wait—compare 사30:15, wait, namely, for His times of having mercy.
【사30:19 JFB】19. (사65:9). The restoration from Babylon only typifies the full accomplishment of the prophecy (사30:18-33).
weep no more—(사25:8).
thy cry—(사26:8, 9; 렘29:12-14).
【사30:20 JFB】20. Rather, "The Lord will give"; the "though" is not in the original.
bread of adversity—He will not deny you food enough to save you in your adversity (왕상22:27; 시127:2).
be removed—rather, "hide themselves"; they shall no more be forced to hide themselves from persecution, but shall be openly received with reverence [Maurer]. Contrast with this 시74:9; 암8:11.
【사30:21 JFB】21. word—conscience, guided by the Holy Spirit (요16:13).
【사30:22 JFB】22. covering of … images—rather, "images" (formed of wood or potter's clay, and) "covered with silver." Hezekiah, and afterwards Josiah, defiled them (왕하23:8, 10, 14, 16; 대하31:1; compare 사2:20; 신7:25).
【사30:23 JFB】23. rain of—rather, "for thy seed." Physical prosperity accompanies national piety; especially under the Old Testament. The early rain fell soon after the seed was sown in October or November; the latter rain in the spring, before the ripening of the corn. Both were needed for a good harvest.
increase—the produce.
fat—bread made of the best wheat flour (compare 창49:20; 신32:14).
【사30:24 JFB】24. ear—that is, till. Asses were employed in tillage, as well as oxen (신22:10).
clean—rather, salted provender [Gesenius]. The Arab proverb is, "Sweet provender is as bread to camels—salted provender as confectionery." The very cattle shall share the coming felicity. Or else, well-fermented maslin, that is, provender formed of a mixture of various substances: grain, beans, vetches, hay, and salt.
winnowed—not as it is usually given to cattle before it is separated from the chaff; the grain shall be so abundant that it shall be given winnowed.
shovel—by which the grain was thrown up in the wind to separate it from the chaff.
fan—an instrument for winnowing.
【사30:25 JFB】25. Even the otherwise barren hills shall then be well-watered (사44:3).
the day, &c.—when the disobedient among the Jews shall have been slain, as foretold in 사30:16: "towers," that is, mighty men (사2:15). Or else, the towers of the Assyrian Sennacherib, or of Babylon, types of all enemies of God's people.
【사30:26 JFB】26. Image from the heavenly bodies to express the increase of spiritual light and felicity. "Sevenfold" implies the perfection of that felicity, seven being the sacred number. It shall also be literally fulfilled hereafter in the heavenly city (사60:19, 20; 계21:23, 24; 22:5).
breach—the wound, or calamity, sent by God on account of their sins (사1:5).
【사30:27 JFB】27. name of … Lord—that is, Jehovah Himself (시44:5; 54:1); represented as a storm approaching and ready to burst over the Assyrians (사30:30, 31).
burden … is heavy—literally, "grievousness is the flame," that is, the flame which darts from Him is grievous. Or else (as the Hebrew means an "uplifting") the uprising cloud is grievous [G. V. Smith]; the gathering cloud gradually rising till it bursts.
【사30:28 JFB】28. (사11:4; 살후2:8).
reach … neck—the most extreme danger; yet as the head, or capital of Judah, was to be spared (사8:8), so the head, or sovereign of Assyria, Sennacherib, should escape.
sieve of vanity—Rather, "the winnowing fan of destruction" [Lowth] (사41:16).
bridle in … jaws—as prisoners are represented in the Assyrian inscriptions (사37:29).
causing … to err—(사63:17). "People," Hebrew, "peoples," namely, the various races composing the Assyrian armies (사5:26).
【사30:29 JFB】29. the night … solemnity—As in the passover night ye celebrate your deliverance from Egypt, so shall ye celebrate your rescue from Assyrian bondage. Translate, "the solemnity" (출12:42).
goeth with a pipe—or flute. They used to go up to Jerusalem ("the mountain of the Lord," Zion) at the three feasts with music and gladness (신16:16; 스2:65; 시122:1-4).
【사30:30 JFB】30. Jehovah's "glorious voice," raised against the enemy (사30:27), is again mentioned here, in contrast to the music (사30:29) with which His people shall come to worship Him.
lighting down of … arm—(사30:32; 시38:2). The descent of His arm in striking.
scattering—namely, a blast that scatters, or an "inundation" [Maurer].
【사30:31 JFB】31. The Assyrian rod which beat shall itself be beaten, and that by the mere voice of the Lord, that is, an unseen divine agency (사10:5, 24).
【사30:32 JFB】32. grounded—rather, "decreed," "appointed" [Maurer].
staff—the avenging rod.
him—the Assyrian; type of all God's enemies in every age. Margin and Maurer construe, "Every passing through (infliction, 사28:15) of the appointed rod, which, &c., shall be with tabrets," that is, accompanied with joy on the part of the rescued peoples.
battles of shaking—that is, shock of battles (사19:16; compare "sift … sieve," 사30:28).
with it—namely, Assyria.
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